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2. Hybrid integrated near UV lasers using the deep-UV Al2O3 platform

Author

Franken, C. A. A., Hendriks, W. A. P. M., Winkler, L. V., Dijkstra, M., Nascimento Jr, A. R. do, van Rees, A., Mardani, M. R. S., Dekker, R., van Kerkhof, J., van der Slot, P. J. M., García-Blanco, S. M., and Boller, K. -J.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Hybrid integrated diode lasers have so far been realized using silicon, polymer, and silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguide platforms for extending on-chip tunable light engines from the infrared throughout the visible range. Here we demonstrate the first hybrid integrated laser using the aluminum oxide (Al2O3) deep-UV capable waveguide platform. By permanently coupling low-loss Al2O3 frequency-tunable Vernier feedback circuits with GaN double-pass amplifiers in a hermetically sealed housing, we demonstrate the first extended cavity diode laser (ECDL) in the near UV. The laser shows a maximum fiber-coupled output power of 0.74 mW, corresponding to about 3.5 mW on chip, and tunes more than 4.4 nm in wavelength from 408.1 nm to 403.7 nm. Integrating stable, single-mode and tunable lasers into a deep-UV platform opens a new path for chip-integrated photonic applications., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures

Published
2023

3. Sulfur-doped graphene anchoring of ultrafine Au25 nanoclusters for electrocatalysis

Author

Li, M, Zhang, B, Cheng, T, Yu, S, Louisia, S, Chen, C, Chen, S, Cestellos-Blanco, S, Goddard, WA, and Yang, P

Subjects
gold nanoclusters, sulfur-doped graphene, nitrogen reduction reaction, electrocatalysis, anchoring effect, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abstract

The biggest challenge of exploring the catalytic properties of under-coordinated nanoclusters is the issue of stability. We demonstrate herein that chemical dopants on sulfur-doped graphene (S-G) can be utilized to stabilize ultrafine (sub-2 nm) Au25(PET)18 clusters to enable stable nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) without significant structural degradation. The Au25@S-G exhibits an ammonia yield rate of 27.5μgNH3⋅mgAu−1⋅h−1 at −0.5 V with faradic efficiency of 2.3%. More importantly, the anchored clusters preserve ∼ 80% NRR activity after four days of continuous operation, a significant improvement over the 15% remaining ammonia production rate for clusters loaded on undoped graphene tested under the same conditions. Isotope labeling experiments confirmed the ammonia was a direct reaction product of N2 feeding gas instead of other chemical contaminations. Ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy of post-reaction catalysts reveal that the sulfur dopant plays a critical role in stabilizing the chemical state and coordination environment of Au atoms in clusters. Further ReaxFF molecular dynamics (RMD) simulation confirmed the strong interaction between Au nanoclusters (NCs) and S-G. This substrate-anchoring process could serve as an effective strategy to study ultrafine nanoclusters’ electrocatalytic behavior while minimizing the destruction of the under-coordinated surface motif under harsh electrochemical reaction conditions. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Published
2021

5. Convergence issues in derivatives of Monte Carlo null-collision integral formulations: a solution

Author

Tregan, J-M, Blanco, S., Dauchet, J., Hafi, M, Fournier, R., Ibarrart, L, Lapeyre, P, and Villefranque, N

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

When a Monte Carlo algorithm is used to evaluate a physical observable A, it is possible to slightly modify the algorithm so that it evaluates simultaneously A and the derivatives $\partial$ $\varsigma$ A of A with respect to each problem-parameter $\varsigma$. The principle is the following: Monte Carlo considers A as the expectation of a random variable, this expectation is an integral, this integral can be derivated as function of the problem-parameter to give a new integral, and this new integral can in turn be evaluated using Monte Carlo. The two Monte Carlo computations (of A and $\partial$ $\varsigma$ A) are simultaneous when they make use of the same random samples, i.e. when the two integrals have the exact same structure. It was proven theoretically that this was always possible, but nothing insures that the two estimators have the same convergence properties: even when a large enough sample-size is used so that A is evaluated very accurately, the evaluation of $\partial$ $\varsigma$ A using the same sample can remain inaccurate. We discuss here such a pathological example: null-collision algorithms are very successful when dealing with radiative transfer in heterogeneous media, but they are sources of convergence difficulties as soon as sensitivity-evaluations are considered. We analyse theoretically these convergence difficulties and propose an alternative solution.

Published
2019
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6. Longwave radiative analysis of cloudy scattering atmospheres using a Net Exchange Formulation

Author

Eymet, V., Dufresne, J. L., Ricchiazzi, P., and Blanco, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The Net Exchange Formulation (NEF) is an alternative to the usual radiative transfer equation. It was proposed in 1967 by Green [1] for atmospheric sciences and by Hottel [2] for engineering sciences. Until now, the NEF has been used only in a very few cases for atmospheric studies. Recently we have developped a longwave radiative code based on this formulation for a GCM of the Mars planet. Here, we will present results for the Earth atmosphere, obtained with a Monte Carlo Method based on the NEF. In this method, fluxes are not addressed any more. The basic variables are the net exchange rates (NER) between each pair of atmospheric layer (i, j), i.e. the radiative power emitted by i and absorbed by j minus the radiative power emitted by j and absorbed by i. The graphical representation of the NER matrix highlights the radiative exchanges that dominate the radiative budget of the atmosphere and allows one to have a very good insight of the radiative exchanges. Results will be presented for clear sky atmospheres with Mid-Latitude Summer and Sub-Arctic Winter temperature profiles, and for the same atmospheres with three different types of clouds. The effect of scattering on longwave radiative exchanges will also be analysed.

Published
2019
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7. A boundary-based net-exchange Monte Carlo method for absorbing and scattering thick media

Author

Eymet, V., Fournier, R., Blanco, S., and Dufresne, J. L.

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

A boundary-based net-exchange Monte Carlo method was introduced in [1] that allows to bypass the difficulties encountered by standard Monte Carlo algorithms in the limit of optically thick absorption (and/or for quasi-isothermal configurations). With the present paper, this method is extended to scattering media. Developments are fully 3D, but illustrations are presented for plane parallel configuration. Compared to standard Monte Carlo algorithms, convergence qualities have been improved over a wide range of absorption and scattering optical thicknesses. The proposed algorithm still encounters a convergence difficulty in the case of optically thick, highly scattering media.

Published
2019
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8. Close-Packed Nanowire-Bacteria Hybrids for Efficient Solar-Driven CO2 Fixation

Author

Su, Y, Cestellos-Blanco, S, Kim, JM, Shen, YX, Kong, Q, Lu, D, Liu, C, Zhang, H, Cao, Y, and Yang, P

Abstract

Bioelectrochemical CO2-reducing rate at high potential was limited by poor bacteria-nanowire interface resulting from an inhospitable alkaline local environment. Tuning the bulk electrolyte pH and increasing its buffering capacity mitigated this issue and supported the formation of a close-packed nanowire-bacteria cathode. The resulting close-packed biohybrid operated with a CO2-reducing current density of 0.65 ± 0.11 mA cm−2 at ∼−1.2 V versus standard hydrogen electrode and enabled solar-powered CO2 fixation with solar-to-acetate efficiency of ∼3.6% over 1 week.

Published
2020

9. Photosynthetic semiconductor biohybrids for solar-driven biocatalysis

Author

Cestellos-Blanco, S, Zhang, H, Kim, JM, Shen, YX, and Yang, P

Abstract

Photosynthetic semiconductor biohybrids integrate the best attributes of biological whole-cell catalysts and semiconducting nanomaterials. Enzymatic machinery enveloped in its native cellular environment offers exquisite product selectivity and low substrate activation barriers while semiconducting nanomaterials harvest light energy stably and efficiently. In this Review Article, we illustrate the evolution and advances of photosynthetic semiconductor biohybrids focusing on the conversion of CO2 to value-added chemicals. We begin by considering the potential of this nascent field to meet global energy challenges while comparing it to alternate approaches. This is followed by a discussion of the advantageous coupling of electrotrophic organisms with light-active electrodes for solar-to-chemical conversion. We detail the dynamic investigation of photosensitized microorganisms creating direct light harvesting within unicellular organisms while describing complementary developments in the understanding of charge transfer mechanisms and cytoprotection. Lastly, we focus on trends and improvements needed in photosynthetic semiconductor biohybrids in order to address future challenges and enhance their widespread adoption for the production of solar chemicals.

Published
2020

15. Comprehensive analysis and insights gained from long-term experience of the Spanish DILI Registry

Author

Andrade, R.J., Lucena, M.I., Stephens, C., Cortés, M. García, Robles-Díaz, M., Ortega-Alonso, A., Pinazo, J., Muñoz, B. García, Alcántara, R., Hernández, A., Escaño, M.D. García, del Campo, E., Medina-Cáliz, I., Sanabria-Cabrera, J., González-Jiménez, A., Sanjuán-Jiménez, R., Cueto, A., Álvarez-Álvarez, I., Bonilla, E., Di Zeo, D., Niu, H., Villanueva, M., Papineau, A., Pérez, M. Jiménez, Grande, R. González, Ortega, S. López, Santaella, I., Ocaña, A., Palomino, P., Fernández, M.C., Peláez, G., Porcel, A., Casado, M., Sánchez, M. González, Romero-Gómez, M., Millán-Domínguez, R., Fombuena, B., Gallego, R., Ampuero, J., Campo, J.A. del, Calle-Sanz, R., Rojas, L., Rojas, A., Gómez, A. Gil, Vilar, E., Soriano, G., Guarner, C., Román, E.M., Manuitt, M.A. Quijada, Arbos, R.M. Antonijoan, Delgado, J. Sánchez, Gómez, M. Vergara, Hallal, H., Oltra, E. García, Arcos, J.C. Titos, Martínez, A. Pérez, Cobarro, C. Sánchez, Caparrós, J.M. Egea, Castiella, A., Zapata, E., Arenas, J., García, A. Gómez, Esandi, F.J., Blanco, S., Odriozola, P. Martínez, Crespo, J., Iruzubieta, P., Cabezas, J., Gallego, A. Giráldez, Rodríguez Seguel, E. del P., Cuaresma, M., Gallego, J. González, Jorquera, F., Campos, S. Sánchez, Otazua, P., de Juan Gómez, A., Salmerón, J., Gila, A., Quiles, R., González, J.M., Lorenzo, S., Prieto, M., Amiel, I. Conde, Berenguer, M., García-Eliz, M., Primo, J., Molés, J.R., Garayoa, A., Carrascosa, M., Domínguez, E. Gómez, Cuevas, L., Farré, M., Montané, E., Barriocanal, A.M., Arellano, A.L., Sanz, Y., Morillas, R.M., Sala, M., Ridaura, H. Masnou, Bruguera, M., Gines, P., Lens, S., García, J.C., Mariño, Z., Guerra, M. Hernández, Sanfiel, J.M. Moreno, Fernández del Campo, C. Boada, Tejedor, M., Ferrer, R. González, Fernández, C., Gil, M. Fernández, Montero, J.L., Mata, M. de la, Olmo, J. Fuentes, Bonilla, E.M. Fernández, Moreno, J.M., Martínez-Rodenas, P., Garrido, M., Oliva, C., Rendón, P., Samaniego, J. García, Madejón, A., Calleja, J.L., Porras, J.L. Martínez, Cabriada, J.L., Pérez-Moreno, J.M., Lara, C., Stephens, Camilla, Robles-Diaz, Mercedes, Medina-Caliz, Inmaculada, Garcia-Cortes, Miren, Ortega-Alonso, Aida, Sanabria-Cabrera, Judith, Gonzalez-Jimenez, Andres, Alvarez-Alvarez, Ismael, Slim, Mahmoud, Jimenez-Perez, Miguel, Gonzalez-Grande, Rocio, Fernández, M. Carmen, Casado, Marta, Soriano, German, Román, Eva, Hallal, Hacibe, Romero-Gomez, Manuel, Castiella, Agustin, Conde, Isabel, Prieto, Martin, Moreno-Planas, Jose Maria, Giraldez, Alvaro, Moreno-Sanfiel, J. Miguel, Kaplowitz, Neil, Lucena, M. Isabel, and Andrade, Raúl J.

Published
2021
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18. Impairment of Renal and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Compartments in Frailty Syndrome: Link with Oxidative Stress, Plasma Cytokine Profiles and Nuclear DNA Damage

Author

Bombelli, S, Grasselli, C, Mazzola, P, Veronesi, V, Morabito, I, Zucchini, N, Scollo, C, Blanco, S, De Marco, S, Torsello, B, Vitarelli, F, Antolini, L, Bianchi, C, Leoni, V, Bellelli, G, Perego, R, Bombelli, Silvia, Grasselli, Chiara, Mazzola, Paolo, Veronesi, Valentina, Morabito, Ivana, Zucchini, Nicola, Scollo, Chiara M, Blanco, Salvatore I, De Marco, Sofia, Torsello, Barbara, Vitarelli, Federica, Antolini, Laura, Bianchi, Cristina, Leoni, Valerio, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Perego, Roberto A, Bombelli, S, Grasselli, C, Mazzola, P, Veronesi, V, Morabito, I, Zucchini, N, Scollo, C, Blanco, S, De Marco, S, Torsello, B, Vitarelli, F, Antolini, L, Bianchi, C, Leoni, V, Bellelli, G, Perego, R, Bombelli, Silvia, Grasselli, Chiara, Mazzola, Paolo, Veronesi, Valentina, Morabito, Ivana, Zucchini, Nicola, Scollo, Chiara M, Blanco, Salvatore I, De Marco, Sofia, Torsello, Barbara, Vitarelli, Federica, Antolini, Laura, Bianchi, Cristina, Leoni, Valerio, Bellelli, Giuseppe, and Perego, Roberto A

Abstract

Frailty is an age-related syndrome that drives multiple physiological system impairments in some older adults, and its pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated whether frailty-related biological processes could impair stem cell compartments, specifically the renal stem compartment, given that kidney dysfunctions are frequent in frailty. A well-characterized in vitro nephrosphere model of human adult renal stem/progenitor cells has been instrumental to and was appropriate for verifying this hypothesis in our current research. Evaluating the effects of plasma from older individuals with frailty (frail plasma) on allogeneic renal stem/progenitor cells, we showed significant functional impairment and nuclear DNA damage in the treated cells of the renal stem compartment. The analysis of the frail plasma revealed mitochondrial functional impairment associated with the activation of oxidative stress and a unique inflammatory mediator profile in frail individuals. In addition, the plasma of frail subjects also contained the highest percentage of DNA-damaged autologous circulating hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells. The integration of both molecular and functional data obtained allowed us to discern patterns associated with frailty status, irrespective of the comorbidities present in the frail individuals. The data obtained converged toward biological conditions that in frailty caused renal and hematopoietic impairment of stem cells, highlighting the possibility of concomitant exhaustion of several stem compartments.

Published
2024

19. Comparison of in-hospital outcomes and long-term survival for valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement versus the benchmark native valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure

Author

Matta, A., primary, Levai, L., additional, Roncalli, J., additional, Meyer, E., additional, Bouisset, F., additional, Nader, V., additional, Blanco, S., additional, Campelo-Parada, F., additional, Carrié, D., additional, and Lhermusier, T., additional

Published
2024
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22. Probing intra- and inter-molecular interactions through rotational spectroscopy: The case of the odorant 2′-aminoacetophenone and its 1:1 water and neon complexes.

Author

Salvitti, G., Blanco, S., Lòpez, J. C., Melandri, S., Evangelisti, L., and Maris, A.

Subjects
*INTERMOLECULAR interactions, *NEON, *CARBONYL group, *HYDROGEN bonding interactions, *PERTURBATION theory, *OLFACTORY receptors, *ODORS
Abstract

The chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrum of 2′-aminoacetophenone, an aromatic chemical species with odorant properties, has been recorded in the 2–8 GHz frequency range and analyzed, obtaining precise information on the structure of the monomer and its neon and water complexes. The conformation of the monomer is determined by the formation of a resonance-assisted hydrogen bond (RAHB) between the carbonyl and amino groups, which leads to the formation of a bicyclic-like aromatic structure. Accordingly, the cycle formed by the non-covalent bond is preferred to the phenyl ring as the interaction site for neon. In the 1:1 complex, water lies in the molecular plane and forms a strong hydrogen bond with the carbonyl group coupled to an ancillary interaction with the methyl group, leaving the intramolecular RAHB unchanged. The experimental findings are supported by atoms in molecules and symmetry-adapted perturbation theory, which allowed for determining the hydrogen bond and intermolecular interaction energies, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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23. Herbal and Dietary Supplement-Induced Liver Injuries in the Spanish DILI Registry

Author

Andrade, RJ, Lucena, MI, Stephens, C, García-Cortés, M, Robles-Díaz, M, Medina-Cáliz, I, Sanabria, J, García-Muñoz, B, Alcántara, R, Moreno, I, Gonzalez-Jimenez, A, Ortega-Alonso, A, Sanjuán-Jiménez, R, Quirós, M, Martín-Reyes, F, Papineau, A, Jiménez-Pérez, M, González-Grande, R, Fernández, MC, Peláez, G, Casado, M, González-Sánchez, M, Romero-Gómez, M, Calle-Sanz, R, Millán-Domínguez, R, Fombuena, B, Gallego, R, Rojas, L, Rojas, A, Ampuero, J, del Campo, JA, Gil Gómez, A, Vilar, E, Castiella, A, Zapata, EM, Zubiaurre, L, Navarro, JM, Méndez-Sánchez, IM, Chaves, A, Soriano, G, Guarner, C, Román, EM, Hallal, H, García-Oltra, E, Titos-Arcos, JC, Pérez-Martínez, A, Sánchez-Cobarro, C, Egea-Caparrós, JM, Arenas, J, Gomez-Osua, MI, Gómez-García, A, Esandi, FJ, Blanco, S, Martínez-Odriozola, P, Otazua, P, Salmerón, J, Gila, A, Quiles, R, González, JM, Lorenzo, S, Prieto, M, Conde, I, Amiel, Berenguer, M, García-Eliz, M, Primo, J, Molés, JR, Garayoa, A, Carrascosa, M, Gómez- Domínguez, E, Montané, E, Arellano, AL, Barriocanal, AM, Sanz, Y, Morillas, RM, Sala, M, Masnou, H, Farré, M, Bruguera, M, Gines, P, Lens, S, García, JC, Aldea-Perona, A, Hernández-Guerra, M, Moreno-San Fiel, M, Boada-Fernández del Campo, C, Tejedor, M, González-Ferrer, R, Fernández, C, Fernández-Gil, M, Montero, JL, de la Mata, M, Fuentes-Olmo, J, Fernández-Bonilla, EM, González-Gallego, J, Jorquera, F, Moreno, JM, Martínez-Rodenas, P, Garrido, M, Rendón, P, Vergara, M, Sánchez Delgado, J, García Samaniego, J, Madejón, A, Cabriada, JL, Crespo, J, Giráldez Gallego, A, Cuaresma, M, Ruíz, R, Medina-Caliz, Inmaculada, Garcia-Cortes, Miren, Gonzalez-Jimenez, Andres, Cabello, Maria R., Robles-Diaz, Mercedes, Sanabria-Cabrera, Judith, Sanjuan-Jimenez, Rocio, Ortega-Alonso, Aida, García-Muñoz, Beatriz, Moreno, Inmaculada, Jimenez-Perez, Miguel, Fernandez, M Carmen, Ginés, Pere, Prieto, Martin, Conde, Isabel, Hallal, Hacibe, Soriano, German, Roman, Eva, Castiella, Agustin, Blanco-Reina, Encarnacion, Montes, Maria R., Quiros-Cano, Marta, Martin-Reyes, Flores, Lucena, M. Isabel, and Andrade, Raul J.

Published
2018
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29. Tirotoxicosis e hipertiroidismo

Author

López-Ruano, M., Sager, C., Justel-Enríquez, A., and Jiménez-Blanco, S.

Abstract

La tirotoxicosis representa el estado clínico secundario al exceso de hormonas tiroideas (HT). Puede originarse tanto por un aumento de la síntesis y liberación de HT por parte de la glándula tiroides (hipertiroidismo, causa más frecuente), como por inflamación y destrucción tiroidea, producción ectópica o administración exógena de HT. El diagnóstico es bioquímico y se basa en la determinación de la hormona estimulante del tiroides (TSH) y de las hormonas tiroideas (tiroxina y triyodotironina). Para planificar un tratamiento eficaz resulta crucial identificar la causa subyacente, siendo la enfermedad de Graves-Basedow la más común, seguida por el bocio multinodular tóxico y el adenoma tiroideo tóxico. Menos frecuentes, aunque relevantes, son las tiroiditis, la producción extratiroidea de HT y la tirotoxicosis facticia. Algunas pruebas de imagen, como la ecografía-Doppler y la gammagrafía tiroidea, son de ayuda en el diagnóstico etiológico. El objetivo del tratamiento es lograr el control sintomático y reducir la síntesis y secreción de HT mediante el uso de fármacos o tratamientos radicales (radioyodo o cirugía).

Published
2024
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30. Indicaciones e interpretación de pruebas complementarias analíticas en la patología tiroidea

Author

Sager, C., López-Ruano, M., Jiménez-Blanco, S., and Justel-Enríquez, A.

Abstract

Las pruebas analíticas son cruciales para el cribado, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y el seguimiento de la patología tiroidea. A día de hoy, no se recomienda el cribado universal de la función tiroidea, indicándose su determinación en función de los síntomas y situaciones específicas del paciente. La medición aislada de TSH (tirotropina) se considera en la actualidad el estándar de cribado, indicándose la determinación a posterioride las cifras de T4 libre y T3 según el resultado. Así mismo, la determinación de anticuerpos es fundamental para el diagnóstico de la disfunción tiroidea autoinmune. Errores comunes en la interpretación incluyen la presencia de enfermedad no tiroidea, interferencias en los inmunoensayos o algunos fármacos. Este protocolo ofrece una guía práctica para interpretar y aplicar pruebas en la patología tiroidea, destacando consideraciones clave en el diagnóstico.

Published
2024
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32. Protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico de las tiroiditis

Author

López-Ruano, M., Tapia-Sanchiz, M.S., Justel-Enríquez, A., and Jiménez-Blanco, S.

Abstract

El concepto de tiroiditis hace referencia a una inflamación de la glándula tiroides, con una repercusión variable en su funcionalidad. En este protocolo, clasificamos las tiroiditis según su curso evolutivo en crónicas, subagudas, agudas y de curso variable. La epidemiología, etiología (autoinmune, infecciosa, traumática, ambiental, farmacológica, etc.), fisiopatología y curso clínico difiere entre los distintos tipos de tiroiditis. Algunas cursan con dolor de forma característica y otras son indoloras. El diagnóstico es generalmente fácil y clínico, siendo imprescindible la historia clínica y la exploración física, así como un buen diagnóstico diferencial entre ellas y con otras enfermedades tiroideas como la enfermedad de Graves-Basedow y el bocio multinodular tóxico. El tratamiento en la mayoría de los casos es sencillo si se realiza una orientación diagnóstica adecuada.

Published
2024
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33. Protocolo diagnóstico y tratamiento de la patología tiroidea en el anciano

Author

Tapia-Sanchiz, M.S., Jiménez-Blanco, S., Navas-Moreno, V., and Justel-Enríquez, A.

Abstract

El incremento de la esperanza de vida en la población mundial lleva asociado un cambio en la prevalencia de diferentes enfermedades. Dentro de las patologías más frecuentes en la población anciana, encontramos la disfunción tiroidea, tanto clínica como subclínica. Sin embargo, el diagnóstico en numerosas ocasiones supone un reto, ya que en este grupo de edad es frecuente que los signos y síntomas estén ausentes o tengan carácter atípico, siendo atribuidos erróneamente al proceso del envejecimiento o a otras enfermedades. Es, por tanto, fundamental señalar herramientas de cribado que permitan detectar de una forma precoz estas alteraciones que pueden asociar un incremento de la morbilidad en caso de no iniciar tratamiento. Siguiendo las recomendaciones de la guía American Thyroid Association(ATA), es necesario el diseño de un algoritmo terapéutico de forma individualizada en función de los signos y síntomas y el balance riesgo/beneficio de cada paciente.

Published
2024
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34. Hipotiroidismo

Author

Sager, C., López-Ruano, M., Jiménez-Blanco, S., and Justel-Enríquez, A.

Abstract

El hipotiroidismo es una de las patologías endocrinológicas más prevalentes en la práctica clínica habitual. La etiología más frecuente a nivel mundial es el déficit de yodo, y en países con ingesta suficiente de yodo es la tiroiditis de Hashimoto. En este sentido, es importante realizar una adecuada anamnesis y exploración física de cara a su diagnóstico, aunque la confirmación viene determinada por el análisis bioquímico. El protocolo de cribado universal consiste en la medición inicial de las cifras de TSH y en caso de alteración las de T4L. Los límites de normalidad de la TSH son controvertidos, continúan siendo objeto de debate a día de hoy y presentan condicionantes asociados como son la gestación o el límite de la normalidad en la población anciana. El tratamiento sustitutivo no siempre está indicado y cuando lo está es de elección la levotiroxina oral.

Published
2024
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40. High-temperature recrystallization effects in swift heavy ion irradiated KY(WO4)2.

Author

Frentrop, R. N., Tormo-Marquez, V., Segerink, F. B., Pujol, M. C., Olivares, J., and Garcia-Blanco, S. M.

Subjects
HEAVY ions, RAMAN microscopy, OPTICAL losses, LIGHT absorption, RAMAN lasers
Abstract

KY(WO4)2 crystal has a lot of potential as an on-chip waveguide material for lanthanide ion-doped, Raman active lasers and on-chip amplifiers. One method of fabricating these waveguides is by using swift carbon ion irradiation, which produces a step-like, damage-induced refractive index contrast of up to Δ n ≈ 0.2. The irradiation is followed by an annealing step to reduce color centers that cause high optical absorption, leading to an optical slab waveguide with optical transmission losses as low as 1.5 dB/cm at 1550 nm. In this article, we report an upper limit of ∼ 450 ° C to the annealing temperature, above which stresses and recrystallization induce additional scattering detrimental to waveguide performance. The effects are characterized using transmission electron microscopy and Raman microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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