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Family Xiphocentronidae This family is represented in the Neotropics by three genera and over 62 species (Vilarino & Bispo 2020). In Panama, all three Neotropical genera are known: (Caenocentron Schmid 1982, Machairocentron Schmid 1982, and Xiphocentron Brauer 1870), within which are distributed eight species., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 584, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Vilarino, A. & Bispo, P. C. (2020). New records and two new species of Xiphocentron Brauer 1870 (Trichoptera, Xiphocentronidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4851 (2), 386 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4851.2.11","Schmid, F. (1982) La famille des Xiphocentronides (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Canada, 121, 1 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 114122 fv","Brauer, F. M. (1870) Uber Xiphocentron, eine neue Hydropsychidengattung. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 20, 66."]}

Genus Protoptila Banks 1904 Known from Mexico, Central and South America, and the Lesser Antilles, 90 species have been identified in the Neotropics (Holzenthal & Calor 2017; Blahnik & Armitage 2019). Additional taxa are found in North America. Panama is home to 13 species (Armitage et al. 2015; Blahnik & Armitage 2019). Herein we add two more species from western Panama., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Banks, N. (1904) A list of neuropteroid insects, exclusive of Odonata, from the vicinity of Washington, D. C. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 6, 201 - 217.","Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516","Blahnik, R. J. & Armitage, B. J. (2019) The Trichoptera of Panama. XII. Contributions to the family Glossosomatidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) in Panama. Insecta Mundi, 0710, 1 - 17.","Armitage, B. J., Harris, S. C., Arefina-Armitage, T. I. & Cornejo, A. (2015) The Trichoptera of Panama. III. Updated species list for caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in the Republic of Panama. Insecta Mundi, 0442, 1 - 16."]}

Protoptila jolandae Holzenthal & Blahnik 2006 New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 108; Dolega District; Quebrada Jaramillo Abajo; 8.746003°N and 82.418038°W; 1060 m a.s.l.; 6 March 2019; K. Castillo, leg.; UV light trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2019-457. Distribution. Costa Rica (type country), Panama. Identification. This species was identified from descriptions and illustrations found in the revision by Holzenthal & Blahnik (2006). The phallicata of this species is distinctively shaped, appearing wide preapically in lateral view and narrow basally in dorsoventral view. Additional characters, such as the elongate, apically bifurcate processes of tergum X, the shape of the paramere spine, and the elongate, narrowed ventral apex of sternum VIII assist in the diagnosis of this species (Holzenthal & Blahnik 2006)., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Holzenthal, R. W. & Blahnik, R. J. (2006) The caddisfly genus Protoptila in Costa Rica (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae). Zootaxa, 1197, 1 - 37."]}

Chimarra (Chimarra) angustipennis Banks 1903 New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 108; David District; Rio Papayal, Zambrano, Cochea; 8.457346°N and 82.340912°W; 59 m a.s.l.; 26 June 2018; J. Bernal, K. Castillo, T. Rios, leg.; UV light trap; 1 male; MUPADI-RJB-2021-149. Distribution. Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, U.S.A., Venezuela. Identification. This species was identified using the keys, descriptions, and illustrations by Blahnik (1998). It resembles C. pylaea Denning 1941 most closely, with both having fold-like lateral lobes of tergum X. It differs from this species in having a less elongate ventral apex of each inferior appendage., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Banks, N. (1903) Neuropteroid insects from Arizona. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 5, 237 - 245.","Blahnik, R. J. (1998) A revision of the Neotropical species of the genus Chimarra, subgenus Chimarra (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 59, vi + 1 - 318.","Denning, D. G. (1941) Descriptions of three new species of Mexican Chimarrha (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae). Entomological News, 52, 82 - 85."]}

Genus Banyallarga Navás 1916 Endemic to the Neotropics, this genus is represented by 17 species distributed from Nicaragua south to Argentina (Prather 2004; Holzenthal & Calor 2017). Previously, a single species, Banyallarga fortuna (Resh 1983) (in Denning et al. 1983), was described from Panama. We here add a second species., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Navas, L. (1916) Neuroptera nova Americana. Memorie della Pontificia Accademia Romana dei Nuovi Lincei, (2) 2, 71 - 80.","Prather, A. L. (2004) Revision of the Neotropical caddisfly genus Banyallarga (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae). Zootaxa, 435 (1), 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 435.1.1","Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516","Denning, D. G., Resh, V. H. & Hogue, C. L. (1983) New species of Phylloicus and a new Neotropical genus of Calamoceratidae (Trichoptera). Aquatic Insects, 5 (3), 181 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428309361143"]}

Protoptila bicornuta Flint 1963 New Records (1 locality). PANAMA — Comarca Ngäbe Buglé: Cuenca 093; Bosque Protector Palo Seco; Quebrada Martinez; 8.79424°N and 82.19047°W; 490 m a.s.l.; 29 October 2019; T. Ríos, Y. Aguirre, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-TRG-2019-154. Distribution. Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras (type country), Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama. Identification. This species was identified from descriptions and illustrations found in the revision by Holzenthal & Blahnik (2006). The horn-like processes projecting from the phallicata are similar to those of P. cristula Holzenthal & Blahnik 2006 and P. rota Mosely 1937. It differs from these two species by the shorter, ventral processes of the phallicata and by the ventral margin of sternum VIII, which is shorter and less deeply bifurcate apically., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on pages 580-581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Flint, O. S., Jr. (1963) Studies of Neotropical caddis flies, I: Rhyacophilidae and Glossosomatidae (Trichoptera). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 114 (3473), 453 - 477. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.114 - 3473.453","Holzenthal, R. W. & Blahnik, R. J. (2006) The caddisfly genus Protoptila in Costa Rica (Trichoptera: Glossosomatidae). Zootaxa, 1197, 1 - 37.","Mosely, M. E. (1937) Mexican Hydroptilidae (Trichoptera). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 86 (10), 151 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1937. tb 00242. x"]}

Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) acuminata Flint 1974 New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Comarca Ngäbe Buglé: Cuenca 093; Bosque Protector Palo Seco; Quebrada Martinez; 8.79424°N and 82.19047°W; 490 m a.s.l.; 8 October 2019; T. Ríos, Y. Aguirre, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2020-273. Distribution. Costa Rica (type country), Ecuador, Panama. Identification. This species was identified by keys, descriptions, and figures by Flint (1974). A member of the S. peruana Group within the Rhyacophylax subgenus, in Panama it is most closely related to S. (R.) talamanca Flint 1974. The pointed triangular process on sternum IX and major differences in the aedeagus distinguish this species from S. talamanca., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Flint, O. S., Jr. (1974) Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XVII: The genus Smicridea from North and Central America (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 167, 1 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.167"]}

Polyplectropus exilis Chamorro-Lacayo & Holzenthal 2004 New Record (2 localities). PANAMA — Comarca Ngabe Bugle: Cuenca 108; Bosque Protector Palo Seco; Quebrada Arenal, PSPSCB-BPPS-C108-2019-031; 8.77650°N and 82.20897°W; 1044 m a.s.l.; 8 October 2019; T. Ríos, E. Pérez y Y. Aguirre, leg.; UV light trap; 1 male, COZEM-YA-2020-243. Cuenca 093; Quebrada Caballero de Angel, PSPSCB-BPPS-C108-2019-034; 8.784833°N and 82.187378°W; 609 m a.s.l.; 8 October 2019; Y. Aguirre, T. Ríos, leg.; UV light trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2020-244. Distribution. Costa Rica (type country), Panama. Identification. Polyplectropus exilis was identified by keys, descriptions, and illustrations in the revision by Charmorro & Holzenthal (2010). It is a member of the P. charlesi Group and is most closely related to P. charlesi (Ross 1941) and P. kylistos Chamorro-Lacayo & Holzenthal 2004. It is distinguished from both of these species by the absence of peg-like setae on either the dorsal or ventral branches of the inferior appendages, by the absence of endothecal phallic spines, by the acute apex of the mesoventral process of each preanal appendage, and by the presence of a narrow, lightly sclerotized process between the dorsal and ventral branches (Chamorro-Lacayo & Holzenthal 2004)., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 584, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Chamorro-Lacayo, M. L. & Holzenthal, R. W. (2004) Seven new species of Polyplectropus Ulmer (Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae) from Costa Rica. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106, 202 - 216.","Ross, H. H. (1941) Descriptions and records of North American Trichoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 67 (1084), 35 - 126, plates I - XIII."]}

Oecetis hastapulla Quinteiro & Holzenthal 2017 New Record (3 localities). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 108; Boquete District; Finca Monterey; Quebrada Jaramillo; 8.76320°N and 82.41383°W; 1250 m a.s.l.; 20–25 April 2018; K. Collier, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-RJB-2019-54. Ibid.; Dolega District; Quebrada Jaramillo Abajo; 8.746003°N and 82.418038°W; 1060 m a.s.l.; 9 March 2019; K. Castillo, leg.; UV light trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2020-229. Ibid., 3 April 2020; 1 male; MUPADI-YA-2021-34. Ibid., Cuenca 102; Renacimiento District; Landis Private Reserve; Quebrada sin nombre; 8.643769°N and 82.829749°W; 755 m a.s.l.; 13–21 April 2020; M. Landis, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2021-82. Ibid., 14–20 May 2020; 1 male; MUPADI-YA-2021-138. Distribution. Costa Rica (type country), Panama. Identification. This species is in the O. falicia Group, which is characterized by the dorsolateral processes on segment IX and the membranous tergum IX. This species was identified from the description and figures in the revision by Quinteiro & Holzenthal (2017). It can be distinguished from other members of this group by the very elongate dorsal lobe of tergum X, with its slightly clavate apex, the divided apex of each inferior appendage, and by the elongate, asymmetrical, dorsolateral processes on segment IX. It is most closely related to O. prolongata Flint 1981 (Quinteiro & Holzenthal 2017)., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Quinteiro, F. B. & Holzenthal, R. W. (2017) Fourteen new species of Oecetis McLachlan, 1877 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) from the Neotropical region. PeerJ, 5, e 3753.","Flint, O. S., Jr. (1981) Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XXVIII: The Trichoptera of the Rio Limon Basin, Venezuela. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 330, i - vi, 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.330"]}

Family Hydropsychidae This is a large trichopteran family which is divided into five subfamilies. The greatest diversity of Neotropical species and genera occur in the Macronematinae and Smicrideinae subfamilies (Holzenthal & Calor 2017). Fifteen genera and approximately 480 species are known from the Neotropics., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516"]}

Family Polycentropodidae This family is represented in the Neotropics by five genera and about 315 species (Holzenthal &Calor 2017; Camargos 2020). In Panama, 24 species are known, distributed among four genera: Cernotina, Cyrnellus, Polycentropus, and Polyplectropus., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516","Camargos, L. M. (2020) Systematics of Cernotina Ross and Cyrnellus Banks (Insecta: Trichoptera: Polycentropodidae). Ph. D. thesis, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA, 321 pp."]}

Genus Helicopsyche von Siebold 1856 This genus has been divided into two subgenera (Ferropsyche and Cochliopsyche) in the Neotropics (Johanson 1998; Holzenthal & Calor 2017). The current 14 species of Helicopsyche in Panama all belong to the Ferropsyche subgenus (Armitage et al. 2015, 2020). Herein we add one more species from central Panama., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["von Siebold, C. T. E. (1856) Wahre Parthenogenesis bei Schmetterlingen und Bienen. Ein Beitrag zur Fortpflanzungsgeschichte der Thiere. Engelmann, Leipzig, 133 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10708","Johanson, K. A. (1998) Phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of the family Helicopsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera). Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement, 53, 1 - 172.","Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516","Armitage, B. J., Harris, S. C., Arefina-Armitage, T. I. & Cornejo, A. (2015) The Trichoptera of Panama. III. Updated species list for caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in the Republic of Panama. Insecta Mundi, 0442, 1 - 16.","Armitage, B. J., Harris, S. C., Blahnik, R. J., Thomson, R. E., Rios Gonzalez, T. A. & Aguirre, Y. (2020) The Trichoptera of Panama XIII. Further new country records for caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama. Insecta Mundi, 0744, 1 - 8."]}

Genus Caenocentron (Schmid 1982) Previously, the genus Cnodocentron was divided into two subgenera: Cnodocentron (Oriental in distribution) and Caenocentron (Neotropical and Nearctic in distribution). However, Vilarino et al. (2021) demonstrated separate evolutionary histories for the two subgenera, and elevated each to the genus level. Eight of the nine species now constituting Caenocentron are endemic to the Neotropics (Vilarino et al. 2021). Two species were previously known from Panama. Herein, we record two additional species as new to Panama., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 584, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Schmid, F. (1982) La famille des Xiphocentronides (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Canada, 121, 1 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 114122 fv","Vilarino, A., Santos Dias, E. & Bispo, P. C. (2021) Phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Cnodocentron (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): biogeography and revision of New World species (Caenocentron). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab 077. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 077"]}

Caenocentron immaculatum Flint 1991 New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 108; Dolega District, Río Majagua, Banquito de Palmira, Potrerillos; 8.68083°N and 82.53250°W; 840 m a.s.l.; 28 February–14 March 2019, Y. Aguirre, T. Ríos, leg.; Malaise trap (M001); in alcohol; 1 male; MUPADI-YA-2020-336. Distribution. Colombia (type country), Panama. Identification. This species was identified using the descriptions and illustrations by Flint (1991), Schmid (1982), and Vilarino et al. (2021). Caenocentron immaculatum is most similar to C. galesus Schmid 1982. However, the apical segment of each inferior appendage in C. immaculatum is broader and more strongly arched, and the basal segment bears a strong tooth near the ventral margin., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 584, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Flint, O. S., Jr. (1991) Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XLV: The taxonomy, phenology, and faunistics of the Trichoptera of Antioquia, Colombia. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 520, 1 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.520","Schmid, F. (1982) La famille des Xiphocentronides (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Canada, 121, 1 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 114122 fv","Vilarino, A., Santos Dias, E. & Bispo, P. C. (2021) Phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Cnodocentron (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): biogeography and revision of New World species (Caenocentron). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab 077. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 077"]}

Genus Calosopsyche Ross & Unzicker 1977 The genus Calosopsyche is found in Costa Rica and Panama (five species; C. continentalis Group) and the Greater Antilles (nine species; C. calosa Group). In Panama there are four species previously known (Holzenthal & Calor 2017). Here we add one more species.

Family Leptoceridae This is another large trichopteran family with over 1,800 species worldwide. Divided into four subfamilies, it is represented in the Neotropics by three of them (Triplectidinae, Grumichellinae, and Leptocerinae). There are approximately 235 extant species known from the Neotropics, distributed among 16 genera (Holzenthal & Calor 2017)., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516"]}

Genus Xiphocentron Brauer 1870 The genus Xiphocentron is represented in the Neotropics by about 53 species distributed among five subgenera (Schmid 1982). Four species in three subgenera were previously known from Panama. Here we add one more species in a fourth subgenus, Glyphocentron., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Brauer, F. M. (1870) Uber Xiphocentron, eine neue Hydropsychidengattung. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 20, 66.","Schmid, F. (1982) La famille des Xiphocentronides (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Canada, 121, 1 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 114122 fv"]}

Calosopsyche sandrae (Flint 1967) New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 102; Renacimiento District; Landis Private Reserve; Quebrada sin nombre; 8.643769°N and 82.829749°W; 755 m a.s.l.; 15–31 March 2020; M. Landis, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-TRG-2021-119. Ibid., 13–21 April 2020, 1 male; MUPADI-TRG-2021-239. Distribution. Costa Rica (type country), Panama. Identification. This species was identified by keys, descriptions, and figures by Flint (1967) and Flint & Bueno-Soria (1987). A member of the C. continentalis Group (Oláh & Johanson 2008), it is most closely related to C. continentalis Flint & Bueno-Soria 1987 and C. bicuspis Flint & Bueno-Soria 1987, differing from both by the widely forked apex of each inferior appendage., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Flint, O. S., Jr. (1967) Studies of Neotropical caddis flies, IV: New species from Mexico and Central America. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 123, 1 - 24. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.123 - 3619.1","Flint, O. S., Jr. & Bueno-Soria, J. (1987) Studies of Neotropical caddisflies, XXXVI: The genus Calosopsyche in Central America, with descriptions of its immature stages (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). In: Bournaud, M. & Tachet, M. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 5 th International Symposium on Trichoptera. Dr. W. Junk, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp. 29 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4043 - 7 _ 5","Olah, J. & Johanson, K. (2008) Generic review of Hydropsychinae, with description of Schmidopsyche, new genus, 3 new genus clusters, 8 new species groups, 4 new species clades, 12 new species clusters and 62 new species from the Oriental and Afrotropical regions (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Zootaxa, 1802 (1), 1 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1802.1.1"]}

Family Glossosomatidae Wallengren 1891 This family is represented in the Neotropics by 11 genera and over 270 species (Holzenthal & Calor 2017; Blahnik & Armitage 2019). In Panama, three genera are known (Culoptila; Mortoniella, and Protoptila), and 31 total species., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Wallengren, H. D. J. (1891) Skandinaviens Neuroptera, (Andra Afdelningen. Neuroptera Trichoptera. (Phryganea L. )). Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademien Handlingar, 24 (10), 1 - 173.","Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516","Blahnik, R. J. & Armitage, B. J. (2019) The Trichoptera of Panama. XII. Contributions to the family Glossosomatidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) in Panama. Insecta Mundi, 0710, 1 - 17."]}

Family Philopotamidae This is a very large trichopteran family in the Neotropics, with five genera and over 277 species (Holzenthal & Calor 2017). In Panama, three genera are recorded: Chimarra, Chimarrhodella, and Wormaldia., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516"]}

Family Calamoceratidae Ulmer 1905a This family is represented in the Neotropics by two genera, Banyallarga and Phylloicus, and 75 total species (Holzenthal & Calor 2017)., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 580, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Ulmer, G. (1905 a) Neue und wenig bekannte aussereuropaischer Trichopteren. Annalen des Kaiserlich-Koniglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums in Wien, 20, 59 - 98.","Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516"]}

Xiphocentron (Glyphocentron) alcmeon Schmid 1982 New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 102; Renacimiento District; Landis Private Reserve; Quebrada sin nombre; 8.643769°N and 82.829749°W; 755 m a.s.l.; 27 February–16 March 2020; M. Landis, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2021-189 • ibid., 17–31 March 2020; 1 male; MUPADI-YA-2021- 193. Ibid., 13–21 April 2020; 1 male; MUPADI-2021-195. Ibid., 11–16 July 2020; 1 male; MUPADI-2021-197. Ibid., 12–17 August 2020; 1 male; MUPADI-YA-2021-190. Distribution. Guatemala (type country), Panama. Identification. Xiphocentron alcmeon was identified by using keys, descriptions, and illustrations by Schmid (1982). This species is most closely related to X. euryale, but differs in the apical points of tergum X and in the general shape of the inferior appendages., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Schmid, F. (1982) La famille des Xiphocentronides (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Canada, 121, 1 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 114122 fv"]}

Helicopsyche (Ferropsyche) rentzi Denning & Blickle 1979 New Records (1 locality). PANAMA: Veraguas Province • Cuenca 097; Santa Fe District; Santa Fe National Park; Río Piedra de Moler; PSPSCB-PNSF-C097-2017-011; 8.55343°N and 81.17675°W; 395 m a.s.l.; 20 April 2017; A. Cornejo, T. Ríos, E. Álvarez, C. Nieto, leg.; UV light trap; in alcohol; 1 male; COZEM-RJB-2019-358. Distribution. Costa Rica (type country), Panama. Identification. This species was identified from keys, descriptions, and illustrations found in the publications by Denning & Blickle (1979), Johanson (2002, 2003), Johanson & Malm (2006), and Johanson & Holzenthal (2010). This species, based on the boomerang-shaped inferior appendages, bears a slight resemblance to H. vergelana Ross 1956. It differs from this and other species by the ventrad-directed tergum X and the overall shape of the inferior appendages in lateral and dorsal views, each with the distal portion

Family Helicopsychidae Worldwide in distribution, this family has over 250 species, primarily in tropical regions. In the Neotropics there are over 120 species, all in the genus Helicopsyche. The other genus in this family, Rakiura McFarlane 1973, is endemic to New Zealand., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["McFarlane, A. G. (1973) Five new species of Trichoptera from New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 3 (1), 23 - 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03036758.1973.10416100"]}

Genus Chimarra Stephens 1829 This genus is divided into four subgenera (Chimarra, Chimarrita, Curgia, and Otarrha), the latter three of which, with the exception of a few species of Curgia, are endemic to the Neotropics. Over 256 Neotropical species are distributed among the subgenera., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Stephens, J. F. (1829) A Systematic Catalogue of British Insects, Being an Attempt to Arrange All the Hitherto Discovered Indigenous Insects in Accordance with Their Natural Affinities; Containing also the References to Every English Writer on Entomology, and to the Principal Foreign Authors; with All the Published British Genera to the Present Time. Baldwin, London, 388 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / t. 174460"]}

Genus Smicridea McLachlan 1871 The genus Smicridea is found throughout the Neotropical realm, with a few species extending into the Nearctic portions of Mexico and the southwestern United States. The genus is divided into two subgenera: Smicridea s.s. and Rhyacophylax. In Panama there are 26 species known (Razuri-Gonzalez & Armitage, 2019). Here we add one more species in the Rhyacophylax subgenus., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 582, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["McLachlan, R. (1871) On new forms, etc., of extra-European trichopterous insects. Journal of the Linnaean Society of London, Zoology, 11, 98 - 141, plates 2 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1870. tb 02011. x","Razuri-Gonzalez, E. & Armitage, B. J. (2019) The Trichoptera of Panama XI. Three new species of caddisflies in the genus Smicridea McLachlan (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from Omar Torrijos and Santa Fe National Parks. Insecta Mundi, 0710, 1 - 13."]}

Caenocentron lausus Schmid 1982 New Record (1 locality). PANAMA — Chiriqui Province: Cuenca 102; Renacimiento District; Landis Private Reserve; Quebrada sin nombre; 8.643769°N and 82.829749°W; 755 m a.s.l.; 15–31 March 2020; M. Landis, leg.; Malaise trap; 1 male, MUPADI-YA-2021-78. Distribution. Nicaragua (type country), Panama. Identification. This species was identified using the descriptions and illustrations by Schmid (1982) and Vilarino et al. (2021). Caenocentron lausus is most similar to C. galesus Schmid 1982 but differs in the shape of the inferior appendage and in the lower piliferous area composed of setae of very different lengths., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 585, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["Schmid, F. (1982) La famille des Xiphocentronides (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Canada, 121, 1 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 114122 fv","Vilarino, A., Santos Dias, E. & Bispo, P. C. (2021) Phylogeny indicates polyphyly in Cnodocentron (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): biogeography and revision of New World species (Caenocentron). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab 077. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 077"]}

Genus Oecetis McLachlan 1877 This is a very large genus with worldwide distribution, Oecetis is represented in the Neotropics by 51 species (Holzenthal & Calor 2017). In Panama, nine species are known. Herein we add one more species., Published as part of Armitage, Brian J., Aguirre, Yusseff, Ríos González, Tomás A. & Blahnik, Roger J., 2022, The Trichoptera of Panama. XVIII. Twelve first country records of macrocaddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama, pp. 578-588 in Zootaxa 5168 (5) on page 583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.5.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6911574, {"references":["McLachlan, R. (1877) A Monographic Revision and Synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European Fauna. Part VI. Van Voorst, London, pp. 281 - 348, plates xxxii - xxxvii.","Holzenthal, R. W. & Calor, A. R. (2017) Catalog of the Neotropical Trichoptera (Caddisflies). Zookeys, 654, 1 - 566. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 654.9516"]}