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2. Exploring the effectiveness of statins for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with severe mental illness

Author

Blackburn, R. M., Osborn, D., Petersen, I., and Walters, K.

Subjects
616.89
Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death amongst people with severe mental illness (SMI) and drives substantial portion of the 15-20 year deficit in life expectancy experienced by this group relative to the general population. Statins form a core part of CVD prevention in the general population, but the evidence-base for people with SMI is unclear. Evidence on the effectiveness of statins for primary prevention of CVD was systematically searched but did not identify any studies investigating CVD events or associated mortality in people with SMI; therefore highlighting the need for studies on the long term impacts of statin prescribing. Two analytical studies were undertaken using longitudinal data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN) primary care database to investigate: 1) CVD screening and statin prescribing in people with and without SMI and 2) to explore the effectiveness of statins for CVD prevention in individuals with SMI. Collectively the work has established that CVD screening and statin prescribing is increasingly accessed by individuals with SMI at levels that are comparable to people without similar mental health conditions. The results from this study provide the first evidence that statin prescribing to people with SMI is associated with statistically significant reductions in total cholesterol (of 1.2mmol/L for up to 2 years, p < 0.001). There were small non-significant reductions in the rate of combined MI and stroke (0.89; 95% CI; 0.68-1.15) and all-cause mortality 0.89 (95% CI; 0.78, 1.02). This study provides evidence that statin prescribing to people with SMI may have a magnitude of effectiveness that is broadly similar to the general population.

Published
2016

9. Test Results of a Nb3Sn Wind/React "Stress-Managed" Block Dipole

Author

McInturff, A., Bish, P., Blackburn, R., Diaczenko, N., Elliott, T., Hafalia Jr., R., Henchel, W., Jaisle, A., Lau, W., Lietzke, A., McIntyre, P., Noyes, P., Nyman, M., and Sattarov, A.

Subjects
Particle accelerators, Particle accelerators, Particle accelerators, superconducting accelerator magnets Nb3Sn stress controlwind/react
Abstract

A second phase of a high field dipole technology development has been tested. A Nb3Sn block-coil model dipole was fabricated, using magnetic mirror geometry and wind/react coil technology. The primary objective of this phase was to make a first experimental test of the stress-management strategy pioneered at Texas A&M. In this strategy a high-strength support matrix is integrated with the windings to intercept Lorentz stress from the inner winding so that it does not accumulate in the outer winding. The magnet attained a field that was consistent with short sample limit on the first quench; there was no training. The decoupling of Lorentz stress between inner and outer windings was validated. In ramp rate studies the magnet exhibited a remarkable robustness in rapid ramping operation. It reached 85 percent of short sample(ss) current even while ramping 2-3 T/s. This robustness is attributed to the orientation of the Rutherford cables parallel to the field in the windings, instead of the transverse orientation that characterizes common dipole designs. Test results are presented and the next development phase plans are discussed.

Published
2006

14. Control Step Scheduling (CSTEP)

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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16. Synthesis Results

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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17. Microprocessor Synthesis (SUGAR)

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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18. Data Path Allocation (EMUCS)

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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19. Introduction

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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20. Observations and Future Work

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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21. Architectural Partitioning (APARTY)

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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22. Design Representations and Synthesis

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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23. Transformations

Author

Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., Blackburn, R. L., Thomas, D. E., Lagnese, E. D., Walker, R. A., Nestor, J. A., Rajan, J. V., and Blackburn, R. L.

Published
1990
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34. Aquatic Weeds

Author

Holm, L. G., Weldon, L. W., and Blackburn, R. D.

Published
1969

38. A qualitative exploration of attitudes towards physical activity, exercise and sport participation in people living with type one diabetes (T1D)

Author

Blackburn R and Byron-Daniel J

Subjects
Gerontology, Diabetes mellitus, Physical activity, medicine, medicine.disease, Psychology
Abstract

Regular exercise has many benefits such as increasing energy levels, reducing depressive symptoms, improving sleep quality and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. For people living with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) there are additional benefits such as increased insulin sensitivity, improved glycaemic control and a reduced risk of diabetes complications. Little research has been published which investigates attitudes towards exercise and sport in those with T1D and who are already active. Seven interviews were undertaken with already active people living with T1D, aged 24-81 years. The aim of the interviews were to explore the attitudes and beliefs that influenced already active people living with T1D towards physical activity, exercise and sport participation. Thematic analysis identified four themes: Motivations, Influences, Deterrents and Normalising participation. Latent analysis of the themes suggests that the factors that influence the attitudes of already active people living with T1D towards physical activity and sport participation are focused around the influence of peers, parents and the media, as stated in the Tripartite Model, motivation and level of diabetes management knowledge

Published
2021
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39. Enhanced surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia in children in the UK and Ireland

Author

Johnson, A.P., Sharland, M., Goodall, C.M., Blackburn, R., Kearns, A.M., Gilbert, R., Lamagni, T.L., Charlett, A., Ganner, M., Hill, R., Cookson, B., Livermore, D., Wilson, J., Cunney, R., Rossney, A., and Duckworth, G.

Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Demographic aspects, Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Distribution, Staphylococcus aureus infections -- Reports, Sentinel health events -- Demographic aspects, Sentinel health events -- Reports, Company distribution practices
Published
2010

42. Critical incidents in anorexia nervosa

Author

Blackburn R, Kate Tchanturia, Tosunlar L, Jenni Leppanen, Steven Williams, and Felicity Sedgewick

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses), medicine, Psychiatry, business
Abstract

Background: Although social-emotional difficulties are believed play a key role in anorexia nervosa (AN), there is uncertainty regarding what these difficulties might look like. Previous research has largely focused on a “disease model” of social-emotional processing in AN with little attention paid to positive emotions and experiences. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to obtain a fuller picture of critical life events in AN. Methods: Thirty-four participants aged 16-48 with current or past AN completed an online survey describing self-defined positive and difficult critical events.Results: Two major themes were identified in the descriptions of positive critical events: Moments of celebration, reflecting external focus, and Unexpected positive outcomes, revealing negative biases. Difficult events were broadly divided into included eating disorder (ED) related and Non-ED life events, involving discussion of relational conflict and feeling unsupported. Discussion: The findings suggest that AN is characterised by negative emotionality and bias. However, reduced self-focused attention and increased “big-picture” thinking, and shifting negative expectation through corrective experiences may be helpful in AN and could be useful targets for further research.

Published
2020
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44. Vancomycin MIC as a predictor of outcome in MRSA bacteraemia in the UK context

Author

Hope, R., Blackburn, R. M., Verlander, N. Q., Johnson, A. P., Kearns, A., Hill, R., Hopkins, S., Sheridan, E., Livermore, D. M., Scarborough, M., Majumdar, S., Cunniffe, J., Farrington, M., Gouliouris, T., Marodi, C., Godwin, P., Tuck, A., Warren, R., Coe, P., Hassan, I., Mannion, P., Loudon, K., Youngs, E., Johnson, A., Lee, M., Weston, V., Guleri, A., Howe, R., Matthew, D., Cotterill, S., Todd, N., Patel, B., Mlangeni, D., Stockley, J. M., Spencer, R., Gardner, J., Thwaites, G., Kirby, A., Hopkins, S., Crook, D., Llewellyn, M., Price, J., Scarborough, M., Morris Jones, S., and Tilley, R.

Published
2013
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