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309 results on '"Bjorkman, Anne D"'

1. Herbivore diversity effects on Arctic tundra ecosystems: a systematic review

Author: Barbero-Palacios, Laura, Barrio, Isabel C., García Criado, Mariana, Kater, Ilona, Petit Bon, Matteo, Kolari, Tiina H. M., Bjørkås, Ragnhild, Trepel, Jonas, Lundgren, Erick, Björnsdóttir, Katrín, Hwang, Bernice C., Bartra-Cabré, Laura, Defourneaux, Mathilde, Ramsay, Jennifer, Lameris, Thomas K., Leffler, A. Joshua, Lock, Janine G., Kuoppamaa, Mari S., Kristensen, Jeppe A., Bjorkman, Anne D., Myers-Smith, Isla, Lecomte, Nicolas, Axmacher, Jan C., Gilg, Olivier, Den Herder, Michael, Pagneux, Emmanuel P., Skarin, Anna, Sokolova, Natalia, Windirsch, Torben, Wheeler, Helen C., Serrano, Emmanuel, Virtanen, Tarmo, Hik, David S., Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Speed, James D. M., and Soininen, Eeva M.
Published: 2024
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2. Plant traits poorly predict winner and loser shrub species in a warming tundra biome

Author: García Criado, Mariana, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Bjorkman, Anne D., Normand, Signe, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Eskelinen, Anu, Happonen, Konsta, Alatalo, Juha M., Anadon-Rosell, Alba, Aubin, Isabelle, te Beest, Mariska, Betway-May, Katlyn R., Blok, Daan, Buras, Allan, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Christie, Katherine, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Forbes, Bruce C., Frei, Esther R., Grogan, Paul, Hermanutz, Luise, Hollister, Robert D., Hudson, James, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Kleyer, Michael, Lamarque, Laurent J., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Lévesque, Esther, Luoto, Miska, Macek, Petr, May, Jeremy L., Prevéy, Janet S., Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Sheremetiev, Serge N., Siegwart Collier, Laura, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Trant, Andrew, Venn, Susanna E., and Virkkala, Anna-Maria
Published: 2023
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3. Experimental warming differentially affects vegetative and reproductive phenology of tundra plants.

Author: Collins, Courtney G, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Hollister, Robert D, Henry, Greg HR, Clark, Karin, Bjorkman, Anne D, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Prevéy, Janet S, Ashton, Isabel W, Assmann, Jakob J, Alatalo, Juha M, Carbognani, Michele, Chisholm, Chelsea, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Forrester, Chiara, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klanderud, Kari, Kopp, Christopher W, Livensperger, Carolyn, Mauritz, Marguerite, May, Jeremy L, Molau, Ulf, Oberbauer, Steven F, Ogburn, Emily, Panchen, Zoe A, Petraglia, Alessandro, Post, Eric, Rixen, Christian, Rodenhizer, Heidi, Schuur, Edward AG, Semenchuk, Philipp, Smith, Jane G, Steltzer, Heidi, Totland, Ørjan, Walker, Marilyn D, Welker, Jeffrey M, and Suding, Katharine N
Subjects: Plants, Flowers, Ecosystem, Temperature, Climate, Seasons, Reproduction, Phenotype, Models, Biological, Arctic Regions, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Tundra
Abstract: Rapid climate warming is altering Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystem structure and function, including shifts in plant phenology. While the advancement of green up and flowering are well-documented, it remains unclear whether all phenophases, particularly those later in the season, will shift in unison or respond divergently to warming. Here, we present the largest synthesis to our knowledge of experimental warming effects on tundra plant phenology from the International Tundra Experiment. We examine the effect of warming on a suite of season-wide plant phenophases. Results challenge the expectation that all phenophases will advance in unison to warming. Instead, we find that experimental warming caused: (1) larger phenological shifts in reproductive versus vegetative phenophases and (2) advanced reproductive phenophases and green up but delayed leaf senescence which translated to a lengthening of the growing season by approximately 3%. Patterns were consistent across sites, plant species and over time. The advancement of reproductive seasons and lengthening of growing seasons may have significant consequences for trophic interactions and ecosystem function across the tundra.
Published: 2021

4. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Author: Kattge, Jens, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert DA, Aakala, Tuomas, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia TR, Adamidis, George C, Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H, Alcántara, Julio M, C, Carolina Alcázar, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M, Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niels, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarães, Ashman, Tia‐Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P, Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup‐Spohr, Lars, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J, Bakker, Jan P, Baldocchi, Dennis, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jos, Barneche, Diego R, Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Denis, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Hans, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo‐Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Carlucci, Marcos Bergmann, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D, Blackman, Chris, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra‐González, Kelly T, Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning‐Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert‐Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond‐Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline CF, Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H, Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David MJS, Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R, Brown, Kerry A, Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W, Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E, and Bürger, Jana
Subjects: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Access to Information, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Plants, data coverage, data integration, data representativeness, functional diversity, plant traits, TRY plant trait database, Nutrient Network, Biological sciences, Earth sciences, Environmental sciences
Abstract: Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
Published: 2020

5. Unexpected westward range shifts in European forest plants link to nitrogen deposition.

Author: Sanczuk, Pieter, Verheyen, Kris, Lenoir, Jonathan, Zellweger, Florian, Lembrechts, Jonas J., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Baeten, Lander, Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, De Pauw, Karen, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Perring, Michael P., Berki, Imre, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, Chudomelová, Markéta, De Lombaerde, Emiel, Decocq, Guillaume, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, and Greiser, Caroline
Published: 2024
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6. Tundra Trait Team: A database of plant traits spanning the tundra biome

Author: Bjorkman, Anne D, Myers‐Smith, Isla H, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Normand, Signe, Thomas, Haydn JD, Alatalo, Juha M, Alexander, Heather, Anadon‐Rosell, Alba, Angers‐Blondin, Sandra, Bai, Yang, Baruah, Gaurav, Beest, Mariska te, Berner, Logan, Björk, Robert G, Blok, Daan, Bruelheide, Helge, Buchwal, Agata, Buras, Allan, Carbognani, Michele, Christie, Katherine, Collier, Laura S, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Cornelissen, J Hans C, Dickinson, Katharine JM, Dullinger, Stefan, Elberling, Bo, Eskelinen, Anu, Forbes, Bruce C, Frei, Esther R, Iturrate‐Garcia, Maitane, Good, Megan K, Grau, Oriol, Green, Peter, Greve, Michelle, Grogan, Paul, Haider, Sylvia, Hájek, Tomáš, Hallinger, Martin, Happonen, Konsta, Harper, Karen A, Heijmans, Monique MPD, Henry, Gregory HR, Hermanutz, Luise, Hewitt, Rebecca E, Hollister, Robert D, Hudson, James, Hülber, Karl, Iversen, Colleen M, Jaroszynska, Francesca, Jiménez‐Alfaro, Borja, Johnstone, Jill, Jorgensen, Rasmus Halfdan, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Klady, Rebecca, Klimešová, Jitka, Korsten, Annika, Kuleza, Sara, Kulonen, Aino, Lamarque, Laurent J, Lantz, Trevor, Lavalle, Amanda, Lembrechts, Jonas J, Lévesque, Esther, Little, Chelsea J, Luoto, Miska, Macek, Petr, Mack, Michelle C, Mathakutha, Rabia, Michelsen, Anders, Milbau, Ann, Molau, Ulf, Morgan, John W, Mörsdorf, Martin Alfons, Nabe‐Nielsen, Jacob, Nielsen, Sigrid Schøler, Ninot, Josep M, Oberbauer, Steven F, Olofsson, Johan, Onipchenko, Vladimir G, Petraglia, Alessandro, Pickering, Catherine, Prevéy, Janet S, Rixen, Christian, Rumpf, Sabine B, Schaepman‐Strub, Gabriela, Semenchuk, Philipp, Shetti, Rohan, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A, Spasojevic, Marko J, Speed, James David Mervyn, Street, Lorna E, Suding, Katharine, Tape, Ken D, Tomaselli, Marcello, Trant, Andrew, Treier, Urs A, Tremblay, Jean‐Pierre, Tremblay, Maxime, Venn, Susanna, and Virkkala, Anna‐Maria
Subjects: alpine, Arctic, plant functional traits, tundra, Ecology
Published: 2018

7. Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome

Author: Bjorkman, Anne D, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Normand, Signe, Rüger, Nadja, Beck, Pieter SA, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Blok, Daan, Cornelissen, J Hans C, Forbes, Bruce C, Georges, Damien, Goetz, Scott J, Guay, Kevin C, Henry, Gregory HR, HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Hollister, Robert D, Karger, Dirk N, Kattge, Jens, Manning, Peter, Prevéy, Janet S, Rixen, Christian, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Thomas, Haydn JD, Vellend, Mark, Wilmking, Martin, Wipf, Sonja, Carbognani, Michele, Hermanutz, Luise, Lévesque, Esther, Molau, Ulf, Petraglia, Alessandro, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A, Spasojevic, Marko J, Tomaselli, Marcello, Vowles, Tage, Alatalo, Juha M, Alexander, Heather D, Anadon-Rosell, Alba, Angers-Blondin, Sandra, Beest, Mariska te, Berner, Logan, Björk, Robert G, Buchwal, Agata, Buras, Allan, Christie, Katherine, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Dullinger, Stefan, Elberling, Bo, Eskelinen, Anu, Frei, Esther R, Grau, Oriol, Grogan, Paul, Hallinger, Martin, Harper, Karen A, Heijmans, Monique MPD, Hudson, James, Hülber, Karl, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Iversen, Colleen M, Jaroszynska, Francesca, Johnstone, Jill F, Jørgensen, Rasmus Halfdan, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Klady, Rebecca, Kuleza, Sara, Kulonen, Aino, Lamarque, Laurent J, Lantz, Trevor, Little, Chelsea J, Speed, James DM, Michelsen, Anders, Milbau, Ann, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, Nielsen, Sigrid Schøler, Ninot, Josep M, Oberbauer, Steven F, Olofsson, Johan, Onipchenko, Vladimir G, Rumpf, Sabine B, Semenchuk, Philipp, Shetti, Rohan, Collier, Laura Siegwart, Street, Lorna E, Suding, Katharine N, Tape, Ken D, Trant, Andrew, Treier, Urs A, Tremblay, Jean-Pierre, Tremblay, Maxime, Venn, Susanna, Weijers, Stef, Zamin, Tara, Boulanger-Lapointe, Noémie, Gould, William A, Hik, David S, Hofgaard, Annika, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S, Jorgenson, Janet, Klein, Julia, and Magnusson, Borgthor
Subjects: Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Climate Action, Biometry, Geographic Mapping, Global Warming, Humidity, Phenotype, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Plants, Soil, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Temperature, Tundra, Water, General Science & Technology
Abstract: The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits both across space and over three decades of warming at 117 tundra locations. Spatial temperature-trait relationships were generally strong but soil moisture had a marked influence on the strength and direction of these relationships, highlighting the potentially important influence of changes in water availability on future trait shifts in tundra plant communities. Community height increased with warming across all sites over the past three decades, but other traits lagged far behind predicted rates of change. Our findings highlight the challenge of using space-for-time substitution to predict the functional consequences of future warming and suggest that functions that are tied closely to plant height will experience the most rapid change. They also reveal the strength with which environmental factors shape biotic communities at the coldest extremes of the planet and will help to improve projections of functional changes in tundra ecosystems with climate warming.
Published: 2018

8. BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene.

Author: Dornelas, Maria, Antão, Laura H, Moyes, Faye, Bates, Amanda E, Magurran, Anne E, Adam, Dušan, Akhmetzhanova, Asem A, Appeltans, Ward, Arcos, José Manuel, Arnold, Haley, Ayyappan, Narayanan, Badihi, Gal, Baird, Andrew H, Barbosa, Miguel, Barreto, Tiago Egydio, Bässler, Claus, Bellgrove, Alecia, Belmaker, Jonathan, Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro, Bett, Brian J, Bjorkman, Anne D, Błażewicz, Magdalena, Blowes, Shane A, Bloch, Christopher P, Bonebrake, Timothy C, Boyd, Susan, Bradford, Matt, Brooks, Andrew J, Brown, James H, Bruelheide, Helge, Budy, Phaedra, Carvalho, Fernando, Castañeda-Moya, Edward, Chen, Chaolun Allen, Chamblee, John F, Chase, Tory J, Siegwart Collier, Laura, Collinge, Sharon K, Condit, Richard, Cooper, Elisabeth J, Cornelissen, J Hans C, Cotano, Unai, Kyle Crow, Shannan, Damasceno, Gabriella, Davies, Claire H, Davis, Robert A, Day, Frank P, Degraer, Steven, Doherty, Tim S, Dunn, Timothy E, Durigan, Giselda, Duffy, J Emmett, Edelist, Dor, Edgar, Graham J, Elahi, Robin, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Enemar, Anders, Ernest, SK Morgan, Escribano, Rubén, Estiarte, Marc, Evans, Brian S, Fan, Tung-Yung, Turini Farah, Fabiano, Loureiro Fernandes, Luiz, Farneda, Fábio Z, Fidelis, Alessandra, Fitt, Robert, Fosaa, Anna Maria, Daher Correa Franco, Geraldo Antonio, Frank, Grace E, Fraser, William R, García, Hernando, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, Givan, Or, Gorgone-Barbosa, Elizabeth, Gould, William A, Gries, Corinna, Grossman, Gary D, Gutierréz, Julio R, Hale, Stephen, Harmon, Mark E, Harte, John, Haskins, Gary, Henshaw, Donald L, Hermanutz, Luise, Hidalgo, Pamela, Higuchi, Pedro, Hoey, Andrew, Van Hoey, Gert, Hofgaard, Annika, Holeck, Kristen, Hollister, Robert D, Holmes, Richard, Hoogenboom, Mia, Hsieh, Chih-Hao, Hubbell, Stephen P, Huettmann, Falk, Huffard, Christine L, Hurlbert, Allen H, and Macedo Ivanauskas, Natália
Subjects: biodiversity, global, spatial, species richness, temporal, turnover, Ecology, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Ecological Applications
Abstract: MotivationThe BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.Main types of variables includedThe database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.Spatial location and grainBioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2).Time period and grainBioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.Major taxa and level of measurementBioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.Software format.csv and .SQL.
Published: 2018

9. Microclimate explains little variation in year-round decomposition across an Arctic tundra landscape

Author: von Oppen, Jonathan, Assmann, Jakob J., Bjorkman, Anne D., Treier, Urs A., Elberling, Bo, Normand, Signe, von Oppen, Jonathan, Assmann, Jakob J., Bjorkman, Anne D., Treier, Urs A., Elberling, Bo, and Normand, Signe
Abstract: Litter decomposition represents a major path for atmospheric carbon influx into Arctic soils, thereby controlling below-ground carbon accumulation. Yet, little is known about how tundra litter decomposition varies with microenvironmental conditions, hindering accurate projections of tundra soil carbon dynamics with future climate change. Over 14 months, we measured landscape-scale decomposition of two contrasting standard litter types (Green tea and Rooibos tea) in 90 plots covering gradients of micro-climate and -topography, vegetation cover and traits, and soil characteristics in Western Greenland. We used the tea bag index (TBI) protocol to estimate relative variation in litter mass loss, decomposition rate (k) and stabilisation factor (S) across space, and structural equation modelling (SEM) to identify relationships among environmental factors and decomposition. Contrasting our expectations, microenvironmental factors explained little of the observed variation in both litter mass loss, as well as k and S, suggesting that the variables included in our study were not the major controls of decomposer activity in the soil across the studied tundra landscape. We use these unexpected findings of our study combined with findings from the current literature to discuss future avenues for improving our understanding of the drivers of tundra decomposition and, ultimately, carbon cycling across the warming Arctic.
Published: 2024

10. A reflection on four impactful Ambio papers: The biotic perspective: This article belongs to Ambio’s 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Climate change impacts

Author: Bjorkman, Anne D. and Wulff, Angela
Published: 2021
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11. Rethinking pathways to the dioecy–polyploidy association: Genera with many dioecious species have fewer polyploids.

Author: Osterman, Wilhelm H. A., Hill, Adrian, Hagan, James G., Whitton, Jeannette, Bacon, Christine D., and Bjorkman, Anne D.
Subjects: SEXUAL dimorphism, PLOIDY, INTERSEXUALITY, POLYPLOIDY, POLLINATION, GENOMES
Abstract: Premise: Numerous studies have found a positive association between dioecy and polyploidy; however, this association presents a theoretical conflict: While polyploids are predicted to benefit from self‐reproduction for successful establishment, dioecious species cannot self‐reproduce. We propose a theoretical framework to resolve this apparent conflict. We hypothesize that the inability of dioecious species to self‐reproduce hinders their establishment as polyploids. We therefore expect that genera with many dioecious species have fewer polyploids, leading to a negative association between polyploidy and dioecy across genera. Methods: We used three publicly available databases to determine ploidy and sexual systems for 131 genera and 546 species. We quantified (1) the relationship between the frequency of polyploid species and the frequency of dioecious species across genera, and (2) the proportion of polyploids with hermaphroditism and dioecy across species, adjusting for phylogenetic history. Results: Across genera, we found a negative relationship between the proportion of polyploids and the proportion of dioecious species, a consistent trend across clades. Across all species, we found that sexual system (dioecious or not) was not associated with polyploidy. Conclusions: Polyploids are rare in genera in which the majority of species are dioecious, consistent with the theory that self‐reproduction favors polyploid establishment. The low frequency of polyploidy among dioecious species indicates the association is not as widespread as previously suggested. Our findings are consistent with previous studies identifying a positive relationship between the two traits, but only if polyploidy promotes a transition to dioecy, and not the reverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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12. Microclimate explains little variation in year‐round decomposition across an Arctic tundra landscape

Author: von Oppen, Jonathan, primary, Assmann, Jakob J., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Treier, Urs A., additional, Elberling, Bo, additional, and Normand, Signe, additional
Published: 2024
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13. Eighteen years of ecological monitoring reveals multiple lines of evidence for tundra vegetation change

Author: Myers-Smith, Isla H., Grabowski, Meagan M., Thomas, Haydn J. D., Angers-Blondin, Sandra, Daskalova, Gergana N., Bjorkman, Anne D., Cunliffe, Andrew M., Assmann, Jakob J., Boyle, Joseph S., McLeod, Edward, McLeod, Samuel, Joe, Ricky, Lennie, Paden, Arey, Deon, Gordon, Richard R., and Eckert, Cameron D.
Published: 2019

14. Plant traits inform predictions of tundra responses to global change

Author: Myers-Smith, Isla H., Thomas, Haydn J. D., and Bjorkman, Anne D.
Published: 2019

15. Replacements of small- by large-ranged species scale up to diversity loss in Europe’s temperate forest biome

Author: Staude, Ingmar R., Waller, Donald M., Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Máliš, František, Verheyen, Kris, Wulf, Monika, Pereira, Henrique M., Vangansbeke, Pieter, Ortmann-Ajkai, Adrienne, Pielech, Remigiusz, Berki, Imre, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Heinken, Thilo, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Petřík, Petr, Reczyńska, Kamila, Schei, Fride Høistad, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Van Calster, Hans, Vild, Ondřej, and Baeten, Lander
Published: 2020
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16. Arctic terrestrial biodiversity status and trends: A synopsis of science supporting the CBMP State of Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Report

Author: Taylor, Jason J., Lawler, James P., Aronsson, Mora, Barry, Tom, Bjorkman, Anne D., Christensen, Tom, Coulson, Stephen J., Cuyler, Christine, Ehrich, Dorothee, Falk, Knud, Franke, Alastair, Fuglei, Eva, Gillespie, Mark A., Heiðmarsson, Starri, Høye, Toke, Jenkins, Liza K., Ravolainen, Virve, Smith, Paul A., Wasowicz, Pawel, and Schmidt, Niels Martin
Published: 2020
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17. Status and trends in Arctic vegetation: Evidence from experimental warming and long-term monitoring

Author: Bjorkman, Anne D., García Criado, Mariana, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Ravolainen, Virve, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Westergaard, Kristine Bakke, Lawler, James P., Aronsson, Mora, Bennett, Bruce, Gardfjell, Hans, Heiðmarsson, Starri, Stewart, Laerke, and Normand, Signe
Published: 2020
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18. Complexity revealed in the greening of the Arctic

Author: Myers-Smith, Isla H., Kerby, Jeffrey T., Phoenix, Gareth K., Bjerke, Jarle W., Epstein, Howard E., Assmann, Jakob J., John, Christian, Andreu-Hayles, Laia, Angers-Blondin, Sandra, Beck, Pieter S. A., Berner, Logan T., Bhatt, Uma S., Bjorkman, Anne D., Blok, Daan, Bryn, Anders, Christiansen, Casper T., Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Cunliffe, Andrew M., Elmendorf, Sarah C., Forbes, Bruce C., Goetz, Scott J., Hollister, Robert D., de Jong, Rogier, Loranty, Michael M., Macias-Fauria, Marc, Maseyk, Kadmiel, Normand, Signe, Olofsson, Johan, Parker, Thomas C., Parmentier, Frans-Jan W., Post, Eric, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Stordal, Frode, Sullivan, Patrick F., Thomas, Haydn J. D., Tømmervik, Hans, Treharne, Rachael, Tweedie, Craig E., Walker, Donald A., Wilmking, Martin, and Wipf, Sonja
Published: 2020
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19. Deep learning to extract the meteorological by‐catch of wildlife cameras

Author: Alison, Jamie, primary, Payne, Stephanie, additional, Alexander, Jake M., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Clark, Vincent Ralph, additional, Gwate, Onalenna, additional, Huntsaar, Maria, additional, Iseli, Evelin, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Mann, Hjalte Mads Rosenstand, additional, Steenhuisen, Sandy‐Lynn, additional, and Høye, Toke Thomas, additional
Published: 2023
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20. Winter in a warming Arctic

Author: Bjorkman, Anne D. and Gallois, Elise C.
Published: 2020
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21. Warming shortens flowering seasons of tundra plant communities

Author: Prevéy, Janet S., Rixen, Christian, Rüger, Nadja, Høye, Toke T., Bjorkman, Anne D., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Elmendorf, Sarah C., Ashton, Isabel W., Cannone, Nicoletta, Chisholm, Chelsea L., Clark, Karin, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Elberling, Bo, Fosaa, Anna Maria, Henry, Greg H. R., Hollister, Robert D., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klanderud, Kari, Kopp, Christopher W., Lévesque, Esther, Mauritz, Marguerite, Molau, Ulf, Natali, Susan M., Oberbauer, Steven. F., Panchen, Zoe A., Post, Eric, Rumpf, Sabine B., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Schuur, Edward, Semenchuk, Philipp R., Smith, Jane G., Suding, Katharine N., Totland, Ørjan, Troxler, Tiffany, Venn, Susanna, Wahren, Carl-Henrik, Welker, Jeffrey M., and Wipf, Sonja
Published: 2019
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22. Deep learning to extract the meteorological by‐catch of wildlife cameras.

Author: Alison, Jamie, Payne, Stephanie, Alexander, Jake M., Bjorkman, Anne D., Clark, Vincent Ralph, Gwate, Onalenna, Huntsaar, Maria, Iseli, Evelin, Lenoir, Jonathan, Mann, Hjalte Mads Rosenstand, Steenhuisen, Sandy‐Lynn, and Høye, Toke Thomas
Subjects: DEEP learning, HAILSTORMS, CLIMATE change, CAMERAS, COMPUTER vision, HAIL, AUTUMN, CLOUDINESS
Abstract: Microclimate—proximal climatic variation at scales of metres and minutes—can exacerbate or mitigate the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. However, most microclimate studies are temperature centric, and do not consider meteorological factors such as sunshine, hail and snow. Meanwhile, remote cameras have become a primary tool to monitor wild plants and animals, even at micro‐scales, and deep learning tools rapidly convert images into ecological data. However, deep learning applications for wildlife imagery have focused exclusively on living subjects. Here, we identify an overlooked opportunity to extract latent, ecologically relevant meteorological information. We produce an annotated image dataset of micrometeorological conditions across 49 wildlife cameras in South Africa's Maloti‐Drakensberg and the Swiss Alps. We train ensemble deep learning models to classify conditions as overcast, sunshine, hail or snow. We achieve 91.7% accuracy on test cameras not seen during training. Furthermore, we show how effective accuracy is raised to 96% by disregarding 14.1% of classifications where ensemble member models did not reach a consensus. For two‐class weather classification (overcast vs. sunshine) in a novel location in Svalbard, Norway, we achieve 79.3% accuracy (93.9% consensus accuracy), outperforming a benchmark model from the computer vision literature (75.5% accuracy). Our model rapidly classifies sunshine, snow and hail in almost 2 million unlabelled images. Resulting micrometeorological data illustrated common seasonal patterns of summer hailstorms and autumn snowfalls across mountains in the northern and southern hemispheres. However, daily patterns of sunshine and shade diverged between sites, impacting daily temperature cycles. Crucially, we leverage micrometeorological data to demonstrate that (1) experimental warming using open‐top chambers shortens early snow events in autumn, and (2) image‐derived sunshine marginally outperforms sensor‐derived temperature when predicting bumblebee foraging. These methods generate novel micrometeorological variables in synchrony with biological recordings, enabling new insights from an increasingly global network of wildlife cameras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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23. Global trait–environment relationships of plant communities

Author: Bruelheide, Helge, Dengler, Jürgen, Purschke, Oliver, Lenoir, Jonathan, Jiménez-Alfaro, Borja, Hennekens, Stephan M., Botta-Dukát, Zoltán, Chytrý, Milan, Field, Richard, Jansen, Florian, Kattge, Jens, Pillar, Valério D., Schrodt, Franziska, Mahecha, Miguel D., Peet, Robert K., Sandel, Brody, van Bodegom, Peter, Altman, Jan, Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Arfin Khan, Mohammed A. S., Attorre, Fabio, Aubin, Isabelle, Baraloto, Christopher, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bauters, Marijn, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blonder, Benjamin, Čarni, Andraž, Cayuela, Luis, Černý, Tomáš, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Craven, Dylan, Dainese, Matteo, Derroire, Géraldine, De Sanctis, Michele, Díaz, Sandra, Doležal, Jiří, Farfan-Rios, William, Feldpausch, Ted R., Fenton, Nicole J., Garnier, Eric, Guerin, Greg R., Gutiérrez, Alvaro G., Haider, Sylvia, Hattab, Tarek, Henry, Greg, Hérault, Bruno, Higuchi, Pedro, Hölzel, Norbert, Homeier, Jürgen, Jentsch, Anke, Jürgens, Norbert, Kącki, Zygmunt, Karger, Dirk N., Kessler, Michael, Kleyer, Michael, Knollová, Ilona, Korolyuk, Andrey Y., Kühn, Ingolf, Laughlin, Daniel C., Lens, Frederic, Loos, Jacqueline, Louault, Frédérique, Lyubenova, Mariyana I., Malhi, Yadvinder, Marcenò, Corrado, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Müller, Jonas V., Munzinger, Jérôme, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Neill, David A., Niinemets, Ülo, Orwin, Kate H., Ozinga, Wim A., Penuelas, Josep, Pérez-Haase, Aaron, Petřík, Petr, Phillips, Oliver L., Pärtel, Meelis, Reich, Peter B., Römermann, Christine, Rodrigues, Arthur V., Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Sardans, Jordi, Schmidt, Marco, Seidler, Gunnar, Silva Espejo, Javier Eduardo, Silveira, Marcos, Smyth, Anita, Sporbert, Maria, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Tang, Zhiyao, Thomas, Raquel, Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Vassilev, Kiril, Violle, Cyrille, Virtanen, Risto, Weiher, Evan, Welk, Erik, Wesche, Karsten, Winter, Marten, Wirth, Christian, and Jandt, Ute
Published: 2018
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24. Accelerated increase in plant species richness on mountain summits is linked to warming

Author: Steinbauer, Manuel J., Grytnes, John-Arvid, Jurasinski, Gerald, Kulonen, Aino, Lenoir, Jonathan, Pauli, Harald, Rixen, Christian, Winkler, Manuela, Bardy-Durchhalter, Manfred, Barni, Elena, Bjorkman, Anne D., Breiner, Frank T., Burg, Sarah, Czortek, Patryk, Dawes, Melissa A., Delimat, Anna, Dullinger, Stefan, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Felde, Vivian A., Fernández-Arberas, Olatz, Fossheim, Kjetil F., Gómez-García, Daniel, Georges, Damien, Grindrud, Erlend T., Haider, Sylvia, Haugum, Siri V., Henriksen, Hanne, Herreros, María J., Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Jaroszynska, Francesca, Kanka, Robert, Kapfer, Jutta, Klanderud, Kari, Kühn, Ingolf, Lamprecht, Andrea, Matteodo, Magali, di Cella, Umberto Morra, Normand, Signe, Odland, Arvid, Olsen, Siri L., Palacio, Sara, Petey, Martina, Piscová, Veronika, Sedlakova, Blazena, Steinbauer, Klaus, Stöckli, Veronika, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Teppa, Guido, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Vittoz, Pascal, Woodin, Sarah J., Zimmermann, Niklaus E., and Wipf, Sonja
Published: 2018
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25. A review of open top chamber (OTC) performance across the ITEX Network

Author: Hollister, Robert D., Elphinstone, Cassandra, Henry, Greg H. R., Bjorkman, Anne D., Klanderud, Kari, Björk, Robert G., Björkman, Mats P., Bokhorst, Stef, Carbognani, Michele, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Dorrepaal, Ellen, Elmendorf, Sarah C., Fetcher, Ned, Gallois, Elise C., Guoðmundsson, Jón, Healey, Nathan C., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klarenberg, Ingeborg J., Oberbauer, Steven F., Macek, Petr, May, Jeremy L., Mereghetti, Alessandro, Molau, Ulf, Petraglia, Alessandro, Rinnan, Riikka, Rixen, Christian, Wookey, Philip A., Hollister, Robert D., Elphinstone, Cassandra, Henry, Greg H. R., Bjorkman, Anne D., Klanderud, Kari, Björk, Robert G., Björkman, Mats P., Bokhorst, Stef, Carbognani, Michele, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Dorrepaal, Ellen, Elmendorf, Sarah C., Fetcher, Ned, Gallois, Elise C., Guoðmundsson, Jón, Healey, Nathan C., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klarenberg, Ingeborg J., Oberbauer, Steven F., Macek, Petr, May, Jeremy L., Mereghetti, Alessandro, Molau, Ulf, Petraglia, Alessandro, Rinnan, Riikka, Rixen, Christian, and Wookey, Philip A.
Abstract: Open top chambers (OTCs) were adopted as the recommended warmingmechanism by the International Tundra Experiment network in the early 1990s. Since then, OTCs have been deployed across the globe. Hundreds of papers have reported the impacts of OTCs on the abiotic environment and the biota. Here, we review the impacts of the OTC on the physical environment, with comments on the appropriateness of using OTCs to characterize the response of biota to warming. The purpose of this review is to guide readers to previously published work and to provide recommendations for continued use of OTCs to understand the implications of warming on low stature ecosystems. In short, the OTC is a useful tool to experimentally manipulate temperature; however, the characteristics and magnitude of warming varies greatly in different environments; therefore, it is important to document chamber performance to maximize the interpretation of biotic response.When coupled with long-term monitoring, warming experiments are a valuable means to understand the impacts of climate change on natural ecosystems.
Published: 2023
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26. Plant traits poorly predict winner and loser shrub species in a warming tundra biome

Author: Sustainability Science and Education, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, García Criado, Mariana, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Bjorkman, Anne D., Normand, Signe, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Eskelinen, Anu, Happonen, Konsta, Alatalo, Juha M., Anadon-Rosell, Alba, Aubin, Isabelle, te Beest, Mariska, Betway-May, Katlyn R., Blok, Daan, Buras, Allan, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Christie, Katherine, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Forbes, Bruce C., Frei, Esther R., Grogan, Paul, Hermanutz, Luise, Hollister, Robert D., Hudson, James, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Kleyer, Michael, Lamarque, Laurent J., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Lévesque, Esther, Luoto, Miska, Macek, Petr, May, Jeremy L., Prevéy, Janet S., Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Sheremetiev, Serge N., Siegwart Collier, Laura, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Trant, Andrew, Venn, Susanna E., Virkkala, Anna-Maria, Sustainability Science and Education, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, García Criado, Mariana, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Bjorkman, Anne D., Normand, Signe, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Eskelinen, Anu, Happonen, Konsta, Alatalo, Juha M., Anadon-Rosell, Alba, Aubin, Isabelle, te Beest, Mariska, Betway-May, Katlyn R., Blok, Daan, Buras, Allan, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Christie, Katherine, Cornelissen, J. Hans C., Forbes, Bruce C., Frei, Esther R., Grogan, Paul, Hermanutz, Luise, Hollister, Robert D., Hudson, James, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Kleyer, Michael, Lamarque, Laurent J., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Lévesque, Esther, Luoto, Miska, Macek, Petr, May, Jeremy L., Prevéy, Janet S., Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, Sheremetiev, Serge N., Siegwart Collier, Laura, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Trant, Andrew, Venn, Susanna E., and Virkkala, Anna-Maria
Published: 2023

27. Plant traits poorly predict winner and loser shrub species in a warming tundra biome

Author: García Criado, Mariana; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7480-6144, Myers-Smith, Isla H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-6112, Bjorkman, Anne D; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-7800, Normand, Signe, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Thomas, Haydn J D; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9099-6304, Eskelinen, Anu; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-5263, Happonen, Konsta, Alatalo, Juha M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-850X, Anadon-Rosell, Alba; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-7795, Aubin, Isabelle; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5953-1012, te Beest, Mariska; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-4105, Betway-May, Katlyn R; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5594-3047, Blok, Daan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2703-9303, Buras, Allan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-0681, Cerabolini, Bruno E L; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-0733, Christie, Katherine; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-0700, Cornelissen, J Hans C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-1585, Forbes, Bruce C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5083, Frei, Esther R; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1910-7900, Grogan, Paul; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-875X, Hermanutz, Luise; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-7067, Hollister, Robert D; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-7691, Hudson, James, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Kaarlejärvi, Elina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0014-0073, Kleyer, Michael, Lamarque, Laurent J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1430-5193, Lembrechts, Jonas J, Lévesque, Esther; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-6032, et al, García Criado, Mariana; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7480-6144, Myers-Smith, Isla H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8417-6112, Bjorkman, Anne D; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-7800, Normand, Signe, Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Thomas, Haydn J D; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9099-6304, Eskelinen, Anu; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-5263, Happonen, Konsta, Alatalo, Juha M; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5084-850X, Anadon-Rosell, Alba; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9447-7795, Aubin, Isabelle; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5953-1012, te Beest, Mariska; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-4105, Betway-May, Katlyn R; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5594-3047, Blok, Daan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2703-9303, Buras, Allan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-0681, Cerabolini, Bruno E L; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-0733, Christie, Katherine; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-0700, Cornelissen, J Hans C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-1585, Forbes, Bruce C; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-5083, Frei, Esther R; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1910-7900, Grogan, Paul; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-875X, Hermanutz, Luise; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0706-7067, Hollister, Robert D; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4764-7691, Hudson, James, Iturrate-Garcia, Maitane, Kaarlejärvi, Elina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0014-0073, Kleyer, Michael, Lamarque, Laurent J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1430-5193, Lembrechts, Jonas J, Lévesque, Esther; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-6032, and et al
Abstract: Climate change is leading to species redistributions. In the tundra biome, shrubs are generally expanding, but not all tundra shrub species will benefit from warming. Winner and loser species, and the characteristics that may determine success or failure, have not yet been fully identified. Here, we investigate whether past abundance changes, current range sizes and projected range shifts derived from species distribution models are related to plant trait values and intraspecific trait variation. We combined 17,921 trait records with observed past and modelled future distributions from 62 tundra shrub species across three continents. We found that species with greater variation in seed mass and specific leaf area had larger projected range shifts, and projected winner species had greater seed mass values. However, trait values and variation were not consistently related to current and projected ranges, nor to past abundance change. Overall, our findings indicate that abundance change and range shifts will not lead to directional modifications in shrub trait composition, since winner and loser species share relatively similar trait spaces.
Published: 2023

28. Origins of food crops connect countries worldwide

Author: Khoury, Colin K., Achicanoy, Harold A., Bjorkman, Anne D., Navarro-Racines, Carlos, Guarino, Luigi, Flores-Palacios, Ximena, Engels, Johannes M. M., Wiersema, John H., Dempewolf, Hannes, Sotelo, Steven, Ramírez-Villegas, Julian, Castañeda-Álvarez, Nora P., Fowler, Cary, Jarvis, Andy, Rieseberg, Loren H., and Struik, Paul C.
Published: 2016

29. Widespread reductions in body size are paired with stable assemblage biomass

Author: Martins, Inês S., primary, Schrodt, Franziska, additional, Blowes, Shane A., additional, Bates, Amanda E., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Brambilla, Viviana, additional, Carvajal-Quintero, Juan, additional, Chow, Cher F. Y., additional, Daskalova, Gergana N., additional, Edwards, Kyle, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Field, Richard, additional, Fontrodona-Eslava, Ada, additional, Henn, Jonathan J, additional, van Klink, Roel, additional, Madin, Joshua S., additional, Magurran, Anne E., additional, McWilliam, Michael, additional, Moyes, Faye, additional, Pugh, Brittany, additional, Sagouis, Alban, additional, Trindade-Santos, Isaac, additional, McGill, Brian, additional, Chase, Jonathan M., additional, and Dornelas, Maria, additional
Published: 2023
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30. A review of open top chamber (OTC) performance across the ITEX Network

Author: Hollister, Robert D., primary, Elphinstone, Cassandra, additional, Henry, Greg H. R., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Klanderud, Kari, additional, Björk, Robert G., additional, Björkman, Mats P., additional, Bokhorst, Stef, additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Cooper, Elisabeth J., additional, Dorrepaal, Ellen, additional, Elmendorf, Sarah C., additional, Fetcher, Ned, additional, Gallois, Elise C., additional, Guðmundsson, Jón, additional, Healey, Nathan C., additional, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, additional, Klarenberg, Ingeborg J., additional, Oberbauer, Steven F., additional, Macek, Petr, additional, May, Jeremy L., additional, Mereghetti, Alessandro, additional, Molau, Ulf, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Rinnan, Riikka, additional, Rixen, Christian, additional, and Wookey, Philip A., additional
Published: 2022
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31. Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security

Author: Khoury, Colin K., Bjorkman, Anne D., Dempewolf, Hannes, Ramirez-Villegas, Julian, Guarino, Luigi, Jarvis, Andy, Rieseberg, Loren H., and Struik, Paul C.
Published: 2014

32. Widespread shifts in body size within populations and assemblages.

Author: Martins, Inês S., Schrodt, Franziska, Blowes, Shane A., Bates, Amanda E., Bjorkman, Anne D., Brambilla, Viviana, Carvajal-Quintero, Juan, Chow, Cher F. Y., Daskalova, Gergana N., Edwards, Kyle, Eisenhauer, Nico, Field, Richard, Fontrodona-Eslava, Ada, Henn, Jonathan J., van Klink, Roel, Madin, Joshua S., Magurran, Anne E., McWilliam, Michael, Moyes, Faye, and Pugh, Brittany
Published: 2023
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33. Cross‐scale regulation of seasonal microclimate by vegetation and snow in the Arctic tundra

Author: von Oppen, Jonathan, primary, Assmann, Jakob J., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Treier, Urs A., additional, Elberling, Bo, additional, Nabe‐Nielsen, Jacob, additional, and Normand, Signe, additional
Published: 2022
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34. Vegetation responses to 26 years of warming at Latnjajaure Field Station, northern Sweden

Author: Scharn, Ruud, primary, Brachmann, Cole G., additional, Patchett, Aurora, additional, Reese, Heather, additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Alatalo, Juha M., additional, Björk, Robert G., additional, Jägerbrand, Annika K., additional, Molau, Ulf, additional, and Björkman, Mats P., additional
Published: 2022
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35. The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX): 30 years of research on tundra ecosystems

Author: Henry, Greg H.R., primary, Hollister, Robert D., additional, Klanderud, Kari, additional, Björk, Robert G., additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Elphinstone, Cassandra, additional, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, additional, Molau, Ulf, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Oberbauer, Steven F., additional, Rixen, Christian, additional, and Wookey, Philip A., additional
Published: 2022
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36. Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Experimental Warming in a High Arctic Tundra Ecosystem

Author: Bjorkman, Anne D.
Published: 2013

37. Vegetation responses to 26 years of warming at Latnjajaure Field Station, northern Sweden

Author: Scharn, Ruud, Brachmann, Cole G., Patchett, Aurora, Reese, Heather, Bjorkman, Anne D., Alatalo, Juha M., Björk, Robert G., Jägerbrand, Annika, Molau, Ulf, Björkman, Mats P., Scharn, Ruud, Brachmann, Cole G., Patchett, Aurora, Reese, Heather, Bjorkman, Anne D., Alatalo, Juha M., Björk, Robert G., Jägerbrand, Annika, Molau, Ulf, and Björkman, Mats P.
Abstract: Climate change is rapidly warming high latitude and high elevation regions influencing plant community composition. Changes in vegetation composition have motivated the coordination of ecological monitoring networks across the Arctic, including the International Tundra Experiment. We have established a long-term passive warming experiment using open-top chambers, which includes five distinct plant communities (Dry Heath; Tussock Tundra; and Dry, Mesic, and Wet Meadow). We measured changes in plant community composition based on relative abundance differences over 26 years. In addition, relative abundance changes in response to fertilization and warming treatments were analyzed based on a seven-year Community-Level Interaction Program experiment. The communities had distinct soil moisture conditions, leading to community-specific responses of the plant growth forms (deciduous shrubs, evergreen shrubs, forbs, and graminoids). Warming significantly affected growth forms, but the direction of the response was not consistent across the communities. Evidence of shrub expansion was found in nearly all communities, with soil moisture determining whether it was driven by deciduous or evergreen shrubs. Graminoids increased in relative abundance in the Dry Meadow due to warming. Growth form responses to warming are likely mediated by edaphic characteristics of the communities and their interactions with climate., Funding: BECC – Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate (MPB, HR), The European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 657627 (MPB), The Swedish Research Council FORMAS – future research leaders No. 2016-01187 (MPB), The Swedish Research Council FORMAS No. 942-2015-1382 (RGB), The Swedish Research Council No. 2018-04202 (RGB), Swedish National Space Board No. 136/15 (HR), Carl Tryggers stiftelse för vetenskaplig forskning (MPB, JMA), Qatar Petroleum (JMA), and Stiftelsen Oscar och Lilli Lamms Minne (JMA).
Published: 2022
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38. Cross-scale regulation of seasonal microclimate by vegetation and snow in the Arctic tundra

Author: von Oppen, Jonathan, Assmann, Jakob J., Bjorkman, Anne D., Treier, Urs A., Elberling, Bo, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, Normand, Signe, von Oppen, Jonathan, Assmann, Jakob J., Bjorkman, Anne D., Treier, Urs A., Elberling, Bo, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, and Normand, Signe
Abstract: Climate warming is inducing widespread vegetation changes in Arctic tundra ecosystems, with the potential to alter carbon and nutrient dynamics between vegetation and soils. Yet, we lack a detailed understanding of how variation in vegetation and topography influences fine-scale temperatures ("microclimate") that mediate these dynamics, and at what resolution vegetation needs to be sampled to capture these effects. We monitored microclimate at 90 plots across a tundra landscape in western Greenland. Our stratified random study design covered gradients of topography and vegetation, while nested plots (0.8-100 m(2)) enabled comparison across different sampling resolutions. We used Bayesian mixed-effect models to quantify the direct influence of plot-level topography, moisture and vegetation on soil, near-surface and canopy-level temperatures (-6, 2, and 15 cm). During the growing season, colder soils were predicted by shrub cover (-0.24 degrees C per 10% increase), bryophyte cover (-0.35 degrees C per 10% increase), and vegetation height (-0.17 degrees C per 1 cm increase). The same three factors also predicted the magnitude of differences between soil and above-ground temperatures, indicating warmer soils at low cover/height, but colder soils under closed/taller canopies. These findings were consistent across plot sizes, suggesting that spatial predictions of microclimate may be possible at the operational scales of satellite products. During winter, snow cover (+0.75 degrees C per 10 snow-covered days) was the key predictor of soil microclimate. Topography and moisture explained little variation in the measured temperatures. Our results not only underline the close connection of vegetation and snow with microclimate in the Arctic tundra but also point to the need for more studies disentangling their complex interplay across tundra environments and seasons. Future shifts in vegetation cover and height will likely mediate the impact of atmospheric warming on the tu
Published: 2022

39. Directional turnover towards larger‐ranged plants over time and across habitats

Author: Staude, Ingmar R., Pereira, Henrique M., Daskalova, Gergana N., Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Diekmann, Martin, Pauli, Harald, Van Calster, Hans, Vellend, Mark, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., Verheyen, Kris, Wipf, Sonja, Wulf, Monika, Andrews, Christopher, Barančok, Peter, Barni, Elena, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, Bennie, Jonathan, Berki, Imre, Blüml, Volker, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dick, Jan, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Eriksson, Ove, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Graae, Bente Jessen, Heinken, Thilo, Schei, Fride Høistad, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Kudernatsch, Thomas, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Máliš, František, Michelsen, Ottar, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Newton, Adrian C., Nicklas, Lena, Oddi, Ludovica, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, Palaj, Andrej, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Porro, Francesco, Puşcaş, Mihai, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rixen, Christian, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Steinbauer, Klaus, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ursu, Tudor‐Mihai, Vanneste, Thomas, Vergeer, Philippine, Vild, Ondřej, Villar, Luis, Vittoz, Pascal, Winkler, Manuela, Baeten, Lander, Staude, Ingmar R., Pereira, Henrique M., Daskalova, Gergana N., Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Diekmann, Martin, Pauli, Harald, Van Calster, Hans, Vellend, Mark, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., Verheyen, Kris, Wipf, Sonja, Wulf, Monika, Andrews, Christopher, Barančok, Peter, Barni, Elena, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, Bennie, Jonathan, Berki, Imre, Blüml, Volker, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dick, Jan, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Eriksson, Ove, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Graae, Bente Jessen, Heinken, Thilo, Schei, Fride Høistad, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Kudernatsch, Thomas, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Máliš, František, Michelsen, Ottar, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Newton, Adrian C., Nicklas, Lena, Oddi, Ludovica, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, Palaj, Andrej, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Porro, Francesco, Puşcaş, Mihai, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rixen, Christian, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Steinbauer, Klaus, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ursu, Tudor‐Mihai, Vanneste, Thomas, Vergeer, Philippine, Vild, Ondřej, Villar, Luis, Vittoz, Pascal, Winkler, Manuela, and Baeten, Lander
Abstract: Species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it remains unknown whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. Here, we analysed the trajectories of 1827 plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites across mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands in Europe. We found, albeit with relatively small effect sizes, displacements of smaller- by larger-ranged species across habitats. Communities shifted in parallel towards more nutrient-demanding species, with species from nutrient-rich habitats having larger ranges. Because these species are typically strong competitors, declines of smaller-ranged species could reflect not only abiotic drivers of global change, but also biotic pressure from increased competition. The ubiquitous component of turnover based on species range size we found here may partially reconcile findings of no net loss in local diversity with global species loss, and link community-scale turnover to macroecological processes such as biotic homogenisation.
Published: 2022

40. Directional turnover towards larger-ranged plants over time and across habitats

Author: German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Gobierno de Aragón, Junta de Castilla y León, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Research and Innovation (Romania), Dutch Research Council, European Research Council, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland), Swiss Federal Office of Education and Science, Swiss National Park, Swiss Academy of Sciences, Projekt DEAL, Benito Alonso, José Luis [0000-0003-1086-8834], Staude, Ingmar R., Pereira, Henrique M., Daskalova, Gergana N., Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Diekmann, Martin, Pauli, Harald, Calster, Hans Van, Vellend, Mark, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Verheyen, Kris, Wipf, Sonja, Wulf, Monika, Andrews, Christopher, Barančok, Peter, Barni, Elena, Benito Alonso, José Luis, Bennie, Jonathan, Berki, Imre, Blüml, Volker, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dick, Jan, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Eriksson, Ove, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Graae, Bente Jessen, Heinken, Thilo, Schei, Fride Høistad, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Kudernatsch, Thomas, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Máliš, František, Michelsen, Ottar, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Newton, Adrian C., Nicklas, Lena, Oddi, Ludovica, Ortmann-Ajkai, Adrienne, Palaj, Andrej, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Porro, Francesco, Puşcaş, Mihai, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rixen, Christian, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Steinbauer, Klaus, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Vanneste, Thomas, Vergeer, Philippine, Vild, Ondřej, Villar, Luis, Vittoz, Pascal, Winkler, Manuela, Baeten, Lander, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Gobierno de Aragón, Junta de Castilla y León, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), European Commission, Austrian Science Fund, Slovak Research and Development Agency, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Ministry of Research and Innovation (Romania), Dutch Research Council, European Research Council, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Federal Office for the Environment (Switzerland), Swiss Federal Office of Education and Science, Swiss National Park, Swiss Academy of Sciences, Projekt DEAL, Benito Alonso, José Luis [0000-0003-1086-8834], Staude, Ingmar R., Pereira, Henrique M., Daskalova, Gergana N., Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus, Diekmann, Martin, Pauli, Harald, Calster, Hans Van, Vellend, Mark, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Verheyen, Kris, Wipf, Sonja, Wulf, Monika, Andrews, Christopher, Barančok, Peter, Barni, Elena, Benito Alonso, José Luis, Bennie, Jonathan, Berki, Imre, Blüml, Volker, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dick, Jan, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Eriksson, Ove, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Graae, Bente Jessen, Heinken, Thilo, Schei, Fride Høistad, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Kudernatsch, Thomas, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Máliš, František, Michelsen, Ottar, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Newton, Adrian C., Nicklas, Lena, Oddi, Ludovica, Ortmann-Ajkai, Adrienne, Palaj, Andrej, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Porro, Francesco, Puşcaş, Mihai, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rixen, Christian, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Steinbauer, Klaus, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Vanneste, Thomas, Vergeer, Philippine, Vild, Ondřej, Villar, Luis, Vittoz, Pascal, Winkler, Manuela, and Baeten, Lander
Abstract: Species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it remains unknown whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. Here, we analysed the trajectories of 1827 plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites across mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands in Europe. We found, albeit with relatively small effect sizes, displacements of smaller- by larger-ranged species across habitats. Communities shifted in parallel towards more nutrient-demanding species, with species from nutrient-rich habitats having larger ranges. Because these species are typically strong competitors, declines of smaller-ranged species could reflect not only abiotic drivers of global change, but also biotic pressure from increased competition. The ubiquitous component of turnover based on species range size we found here may partially reconcile findings of no net loss in local diversity with global species loss, and link community-scale turnover to macroecological processes such as biotic homogenisation.
Published: 2022

41. Author Correction: Warming shortens flowering seasons of tundra plant communities

Author: Prevéy, Janet S., Rixen, Christian, Rüger, Nadja, Høye, Toke T., Bjorkman, Anne D., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Elmendorf, Sarah C., Ashton, Isabel W., Cannone, Nicoletta, Chisholm, Chelsea L., Clark, Karin, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Elberling, Bo, Fosaa, Anna Maria, Henry, Greg H. R., Hollister, Robert D., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klanderud, Kari, Kopp, Christopher W., Lévesque, Esther, Mauritz, Marguerite, Molau, Ulf, Natali, Susan M., Oberbauer, Steven. F., Panchen, Zoe A., Post, Eric, Rumpf, Sabine B., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Schuur, Edward, Semenchuk, Philipp R., Smith, Jane G., Suding, Katharine N., Totland, Ørjan, Troxler, Tiffany, Venn, Susanna, Wahren, Carl-Henrik, Welker, Jeffrey M., and Wipf, Sonja
Published: 2019
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42. Defining Historical Baselines for Conservation: Ecological Changes Since European Settlement on Vancouver Island, Canada

Author: BJORKMAN, ANNE D. and VELLEND, MARK
Published: 2010

43. sPlotOpen – An environmentally balanced, open-access, global dataset of vegetation plots

Author: Sabatini, Francesco Maria, Lenoir, Jonathan, Hattab, Tarek, Arnst, Elise Aimee, De Ruffray, Patrice, Hennekens, Stephan M., Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Florian, Kattge, Jens, Levesley, Aurora, Purschke, Oliver, Sandel, Brody, Sultana, Fahmida, Aavik, Tsipe, A?i?, Svetlana, Acosta, Alicia T.R., Agrillo, Emiliano, Alvarez, Miguel, Apostolova, Iva, Arfin Khan, Mohammed A.S., Arroyo, Luzmila, Attorre, Fabio, Aubin, Isabelle, Banerjee, Arindam, Bauters, Marijn, Bergeron, Yves, Bergmeier, Erwin, Biurrun, Idoia, Bjorkman, Anne D., Bonari, Gianmaria, Bondareva, Viktoria, Casella, Laura, Cayuela, Luis, Chepinoga, Victor, De Bie, Els, De Sanctis, Michele, Dimopoulos, Panayotis, Dolezal, Jiri, Dziuba, Tetiana, El-Sheikh, Mohamed Abd El Rouf Mousa, Enquist, Brian, Fazayeli, Farideh, Field, Richard, Finckh, Manfred, Gachet, Sophie, Garbolino, Emmanuel, Gholizadeh, Hamid, Giorgis, Melisa, Golub, Valentin, Alsos, Inger Greve, Grytnes, John?Arvid, Guerin, Gregory Richard, Haider, Sylvia, Hatim, Mohamed Z., Hinojos Mendoza, Guillermo, Hubau, Wannes, Indreica, Adrian, Janssen, John A. M., Jedrzejek, Birgit, Jentsch, Anke, K?cki, Zygmunt, Kapfer, Jutta, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, Kavgac?, Ali, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kessler, Michael, Khanina, Larisa, Killeen, Timothy, Korolyuk, Andrey, Kreft, Holger, Kuzemko, Anna, Landucci, Flavia, Lengyel, Attila, Lens, Frederic, Liu, Hongyan, Lysenko, Tatiana, Mahecha, Miguel D., Martynenko, Vasiliy, Moeslund, Jesper Erenskjold, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Mucina, Ladislav, Naqinezhad, Alireza, Noroozi, Jalil, Nowak, Arkadiusz, Onyshchenko, Viktor, Overbeck, Gerhard E., Peet, Robert K., Peyre, Gwendolyn, Phillips, Oliver L., Prokhorov, Vadim, Revermann, Rasmus, Rivas?Torres, Gonzalo, Rodwell, John S., Ruprecht, Eszter, R?si?a, Solvita, Samimi, Cyrus, Schmidt, Marco, Schrodt, Franziska, Shan, Hanhuai, Shirokikh, Pavel, Sparrow, Ben, Sperandii, Marta Gaia, Stan?i?, Zvjezdana, Svenning, Jens?Christian, Tang, Zhiyao, Tang, Cindy Q., Tsiripidis, Ioannis, Vassilev, Kiril, Venanzoni, Roberto, Vibrans, Alexander Christian, Violle, Cyrille, Virtanen, Risto, Wehrden, Henrik, Wagner, Viktoria, Walker, Donald A., Waller, Donald M., Wang, Hua?Feng, Wesche, Karsten, Whitfeld, Timothy J. S., Willner, Wolfgang, Wiser, Susan K., Wohlgemuth, Thomas, Yamalov, Sergey, Zobel, Martin, and Bruelheide, Helge
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Geography: Geosciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Motivation: Assessing biodiversity status and trends in plant communities is critical for understanding, quantifying and predicting the effects of global change on ecosystems. Vegetation plots record the occurrence or abundance of all plant species co-occurring within delimited local areas. This allows species absences to be inferred, information seldom provided by existing global plant datasets. Although many vegetation plots have been recorded, most are not available to the global research community. A recent initiative, called ‘sPlot’, compiled the first global vegetation plot database, and continues to grow and curate it. The sPlot database, however, is extremely unbalanced spatially and environmentally, and is not open-access. Here, we address both these issues by (a) resampling the vegetation plots using several environmental variables as sampling strata and (b) securing permission from data holders of 105 local-to-regional datasets to openly release data. We thus present sPlotOpen, the largest open-access dataset of vegetation plots ever released. sPlotOpen can be used to explore global diversity at the plant community level, as ground truth data in remote sensing applications, or as a baseline for biodiversity monitoring. Main types of variable contained: Vegetation plots (n=95,104) recording cover or abundance of naturally co-occurring vascular plant species within delimited areas. sPlotOpen contains three partially overlapping resampled datasets (c.50,000 plots each), to be used as replicates in global analyses. Besides geographical location, date, plot size, biome, elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation type, naturalness, coverage of various vegetation layers, and source dataset, plot-level data also include community-weighted means and variances of 18 plant functional traits from the TRY Plant Trait Database. Spatial location and grain: Global, 0.01–40,000m². Time period and grain: 1888–2015, recording dates. Major taxa and level of measurement: 42,677 vascular plant taxa, plot-level records. Software format: Three main matrices (.csv), relationally linked.
Published: 2021

44. Directional turnover towards larger‐ranged plants over time and across habitats

Author: Staude, Ingmar R., primary, Pereira, Henrique M., additional, Daskalova, Gergana N., additional, Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, additional, Diekmann, Martin, additional, Pauli, Harald, additional, Van Calster, Hans, additional, Vellend, Mark, additional, Bjorkman, Anne D., additional, Brunet, Jörg, additional, De Frenne, Pieter, additional, Hédl, Radim, additional, Jandt, Ute, additional, Lenoir, Jonathan, additional, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Wipf, Sonja, additional, Wulf, Monika, additional, Andrews, Christopher, additional, Barančok, Peter, additional, Barni, Elena, additional, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, additional, Bennie, Jonathan, additional, Berki, Imre, additional, Blüml, Volker, additional, Chudomelová, Markéta, additional, Decocq, Guillaume, additional, Dick, Jan, additional, Dirnböck, Thomas, additional, Durak, Tomasz, additional, Eriksson, Ove, additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, Graae, Bente Jessen, additional, Heinken, Thilo, additional, Schei, Fride Høistad, additional, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, additional, Kopecký, Martin, additional, Kudernatsch, Thomas, additional, Macek, Martin, additional, Malicki, Marek, additional, Máliš, František, additional, Michelsen, Ottar, additional, Naaf, Tobias, additional, Nagel, Thomas A., additional, Newton, Adrian C., additional, Nicklas, Lena, additional, Oddi, Ludovica, additional, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, additional, Palaj, Andrej, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Petřík, Petr, additional, Pielech, Remigiusz, additional, Porro, Francesco, additional, Puşcaş, Mihai, additional, Reczyńska, Kamila, additional, Rixen, Christian, additional, Schmidt, Wolfgang, additional, Standovár, Tibor, additional, Steinbauer, Klaus, additional, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, additional, Teleki, Balázs, additional, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, additional, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, additional, Ursu, Tudor‐Mihai, additional, Vanneste, Thomas, additional, Vergeer, Philippine, additional, Vild, Ondřej, additional, Villar, Luis, additional, Vittoz, Pascal, additional, Winkler, Manuela, additional, and Baeten, Lander, additional
Published: 2021
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45. Directional turnover towards larger‐ranged plants over time and across habitats

Author: Staude, Ingmar R., Pereira, Henrique M., Daskalova, Gergana N., Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Diekmann, Martin, Pauli, Harald, Van Calster, Hans, Vellend, Mark, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., Verheyen, Kris, Wipf, Sonja, Wulf, Monika, Andrews, Christopher, Barančok, Peter, Barni, Elena, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, Bennie, Jonathan, Berki, Imre, Blüml, Volker, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dick, Jan, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Eriksson, Ove, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Graae, Bente Jessen, Heinken, Thilo, Schei, Fride Høistad, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Kudernatsch, Thomas, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Máliš, František, Michelsen, Ottar, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Newton, Adrian C., Nicklas, Lena, Oddi, Ludovica, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, Palaj, Andrej, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Porro, Francesco, Puşcaş, Mihai, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rixen, Christian, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Steinbauer, Klaus, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ursu, Tudor‐Mihai, Vanneste, Thomas, Vergeer, Philippine, Vild, Ondřej, Villar, Luis, Vittoz, Pascal, Winkler, Manuela, Baeten, Lander, Staude, Ingmar R., Pereira, Henrique M., Daskalova, Gergana N., Bernhardt‐Römermann, Markus, Diekmann, Martin, Pauli, Harald, Van Calster, Hans, Vellend, Mark, Bjorkman, Anne D., Brunet, Jörg, De Frenne, Pieter, Hédl, Radim, Jandt, Ute, Lenoir, Jonathan, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., Verheyen, Kris, Wipf, Sonja, Wulf, Monika, Andrews, Christopher, Barančok, Peter, Barni, Elena, Benito‐Alonso, José‐Luis, Bennie, Jonathan, Berki, Imre, Blüml, Volker, Chudomelová, Markéta, Decocq, Guillaume, Dick, Jan, Dirnböck, Thomas, Durak, Tomasz, Eriksson, Ove, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Graae, Bente Jessen, Heinken, Thilo, Schei, Fride Høistad, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Kopecký, Martin, Kudernatsch, Thomas, Macek, Martin, Malicki, Marek, Máliš, František, Michelsen, Ottar, Naaf, Tobias, Nagel, Thomas A., Newton, Adrian C., Nicklas, Lena, Oddi, Ludovica, Ortmann‐Ajkai, Adrienne, Palaj, Andrej, Petraglia, Alessandro, Petřík, Petr, Pielech, Remigiusz, Porro, Francesco, Puşcaş, Mihai, Reczyńska, Kamila, Rixen, Christian, Schmidt, Wolfgang, Standovár, Tibor, Steinbauer, Klaus, Świerkosz, Krzysztof, Teleki, Balázs, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Ursu, Tudor‐Mihai, Vanneste, Thomas, Vergeer, Philippine, Vild, Ondřej, Villar, Luis, Vittoz, Pascal, Winkler, Manuela, and Baeten, Lander
Abstract: Species turnover is ubiquitous. However, it remains unknown whether certain types of species are consistently gained or lost across different habitats. Here, we analysed the trajectories of 1827 plant species over time intervals of up to 78 years at 141 sites across mountain summits, forests, and lowland grasslands in Europe. We found, albeit with relatively small effect sizes, displacements of smaller- by larger-ranged species across habitats. Communities shifted in parallel towards more nutrient-demanding species, with species from nutrient-rich habitats having larger ranges. Because these species are typically strong competitors, declines of smaller-ranged species could reflect not only abiotic drivers of global change, but also biotic pressure from increased competition. The ubiquitous component of turnover based on species range size we found here may partially reconcile findings of no net loss in local diversity with global species loss, and link community-scale turnover to macroecological processes such as biotic homogenisation.
Published: 2021

46. Annual air temperature variability and biotic interactions explain tundra shrub species abundance

Author: von Oppen, Jonathan, Normand, Signe, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Assmann, Jakob J., Forchhammer, Mads, Guéguen, Maya, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, von Oppen, Jonathan, Normand, Signe, Bjorkman, Anne D., Blach-Overgaard, Anne, Assmann, Jakob J., Forchhammer, Mads, Guéguen, Maya, and Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob
Abstract: Questions: Shrub vegetation has been expanding across much of the rapidly changing Arctic. Yet, there is still uncertainty about the underlying drivers of shrub community composition. Here, we use extensive vegetation surveys and a trait-based approach to answer the following questions: which abiotic and biotic factors explain abundance of shrub species and functional groups in the Arctic tundra, and can we interpret these relationships using plant traits related to resource acquisition?. Location: Nuup Kangerlua (Godthåbsfjord), western Greenland. Methods: We tested the power of nine climatic, topographic and biotic variables to explain the abundances of nine shrub species using a Bayesian hierarchical modelling framework. Results: We found highly variable responses among species and functional groups to both abiotic and biotic environmental variation. The overall most important abiotic explanatory variable was annual air temperature variability, which was highly correlated with winter minimum air temperature. Functional community composition and graminoid abundance were the most influential biotic factors. While we did not find systematic patterns between shrub abundances and abiotic variables with regard to resource acquisition traits, these traits did explain relationships between shrub abundances and biotic variables. Conclusions: Shrub abundance responses to abiotic variables rarely aligned with expectations based on plants’ resource acquisition traits or functional groups. Our results, therefore, indicate that approaches exclusively based on resource acquisition traits might be limited in their ability to predict abundances of individual groups and species, particularly in response to complex abiotic environments. However, integrating community theory and functional trait concepts represents a promising pathway to better predict biotic interactions and ultimately responses of dominant shrub vegetation to rapid environmental changes across the arctic tundra
Published: 2021

47. Landscape-scale forest loss as a catalyst of population and biodiversity change

Author: Daskalova, Gergana N., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Bjorkman, Anne D., Blowes, Shane A., Supp, Sarah R., Magurran, Anne, Dornelas, Maria, European Research Council, The Leverhulme Trust, University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversity, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Institute, University of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modelling, University of St Andrews. Fish Behaviour and Biodiversity Research Group, and University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, QH301 Biology, Population, Population Dynamics, Biodiversity, Forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, QH301, Abundance (ecology), Deforestation, Afforestation, Animals, Humans, Human Activities, Taxonomic rank, education, R2C, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, SDG 15 - Life on Land, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Generation time, Ecology, 3rd-DAS, Population ecology, 15. Life on land, Biota, Geography, Habitat, 13. Climate action, Species richness, BDC, Global biodiversity
Abstract: The BioTIME database was supported by ERC AdG BioTIME 250189 and ERC PoC BioCHANGE 727440. We thank the ERC projects BioTIME and BioCHANGE for supporting the initial data synthesis work that led to this study, and the Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity for continued funding of the database. Also supported by a Carnegie-Caledonian PhD Scholarship and NERC doctoral training partnership grant NE/L002558/1 (G.N.D.), a Leverhulme Fellowship and the Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity (M.D.), Leverhulme Project Grant RPG-2019-402 (A.E.M. and M.D.), and the German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig (funded by the German Research Foundation; FZT 118, S.A.B.). Global biodiversity assessments have highlighted land-use change as a key driver of biodiversity change. However, there is little empirical evidence of how habitat transformations such as forest loss and gain are reshaping biodiversity over time. We quantified how change in forest cover has influenced temporal shifts in populations and ecological assemblages from 6090 globally distributed time series across six taxonomic groups. We found that local-scale increases and decreases in abundance, species richness, and temporal species replacement (turnover) were intensified by as much as 48% after forest loss. Temporal lags in population- and assemblage-level shifts after forest loss extended up to 50 years and increased with species’ generation time. Our findings that forest loss catalyzes population and biodiversity change emphasize the complex biotic consequences of land-use change. Postprint
Published: 2020
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48. Complexity revealed in the greening of the Arctic

Author: Myers-Smith, Isla H, Kerby, Jeffrey T, Phoenix, Gareth K, Bjerke, Jarle W, Epstein, Howard E, Assmann, Jakob J, John, Christian, Andreu-Hayles, Laia, Angers-Blondin, Sandra, Beck, Pieter S A, Berner, Logan T, Bhatt, Uma S, Bjorkman, Anne D, Blok, Daan, Bryn, Anders, Christiansen, Casper T, Cornelissen, J Hans C, Cunliffe, Andrew M, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Forbes, Bruce C, Goetz, Scott J, Hollister, Robert D, de Jong, Rogier, Loranty, Michael M, Macias-Fauria, Marc, Maseyk, Kadmiel, Normand, Signe, Olofsson, Johan, Parker, Thomas C, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W, Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela, et al, University of Zurich, and Myers-Smith, Isla H
Subjects: 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, 10122 Institute of Geography, UFSP13-8 Global Change and Biodiversity, 3301 Social Sciences (miscellaneous), 2301 Environmental Science (miscellaneous), 910 Geography & travel, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Published: 2020

49. TRY plant trait database:enhanced coverage and open access

Author: Kattge, Jens, Boenisch, Gerhard, Diaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D. A., Aakala, Tuomas, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia T. R., Adamidis, George C., Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cecile H., Alcantara, Julio M., Alcazar, Carolina C., Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M., Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niels, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimaraes, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P., Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lars, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J., Bakker, Jan P., Baldocchi, Dennis, Baltzer, Jennifer, Bjorkman, Anne D., Buitenwerf, Robert, Emilio, Thaise, Engemann, Kristine, Göldel, Bastian, Kissling, Wilm Daniel, Schowanek, Simon D., Svenning, Jens-Christian, and Van Meerbeek, Koenraad
Subjects: LIFE-HISTORY, GLOBAL PATTERNS, data representativeness, TRY plant trait database, Ecology, WOOD DENSITY, INCLINATION ANGLE DISTRIBUTION, food and beverages, LEAF PHOTOSYNTHETIC TRAITS, Biodiversity, Plants, functional diversity, COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, LITTER DECOMPOSITION, Access to Information, data coverage, FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, plant traits, ROOT TRAITS, data integration, RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE, Ecosystem
Abstract: Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
Published: 2020
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50. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Author: Thomas, Haydn J D, Bjorkman, Anne D, Myers-Smith, Isla H, Elmendorf, Sarah C, Kattge, Jens, Diaz, Sandra, Vellend, Mark, Blok, Daan, Cornelissen, J Hans C, Forbes, Bruce C, Henry, Gregory H R, Hollister, Robert D, Normand, Signe, Prevey, Janet S, and Wookey, Philip A
Subjects: Biogeography, Ecology, Theoretical ecology, Macroecology
Abstract: The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknown whether global plant trait relationships extend to climatic extremes, and if these interspecific relationships are confounded by trait variation within species. We test whether trait relationships extend to the cold extremes of life on Earth using the largest database of tundra plant traits yet compiled. We show that tundra plants demonstrate remarkably similar resource economic traits, but not size traits, compared to global distributions, and exhibit the same two dimensions of trait variation. Three quarters of trait variation occurs among species, mirroring global estimates of interspecific trait variation. Plant trait relationships are thus generalizable to the edge of global trait-space, informing prediction of plant community change in a warming world.
Published: 2020

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