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Your search keyword '"Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage"' showing total 13 results
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13 results on '"Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage"'

1. Voxelated soft matter via multimaterial multinozzle 3D printing

Author

Skylar-Scott, Mark A., Mueller, Jochen, Visser, Claas W., and Lewis, Jennifer A.

Subjects
3D printing -- Innovations, Bit mapping -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Condensed matter -- Design and construction, Nozzles -- Design and construction, Bit-mapped graphics, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

There is growing interest in voxelated matter that is designed and fabricated voxel by voxel.sup.1-4. Currently, inkjet-based three-dimensional (3D) printing is the only widely adopted method that is capable of creating 3D voxelated materials with high precision.sup.1-4, but the physics of droplet formation requires the use of low-viscosity inks to ensure successful printing.sup.5. By contrast, direct ink writing, an extrusion-based 3D printing method, is capable of patterning a much broader range of materials.sup.6-13. However, it is difficult to generate multimaterial voxelated matter by extruding monolithic cylindrical filaments in a layer-by-layer manner. Here we report the design and fabrication of voxelated soft matter using multimaterial multinozzle 3D (MM3D) printing, in which the composition, function and structure of the materials are programmed at the voxel scale. Our MM3D printheads exploit the diode-like behaviour that arises when multiple viscoelastic materials converge at a junction to enable seamless, high-frequency switching between up to eight different materials to create voxels with a volume approaching that of the nozzle diameter cubed. As exemplars, we fabricate a Miura origami pattern.sup.14 and a millipede-like soft robot that locomotes by co-printing multiple epoxy and silicone elastomer inks of stiffness varying by several orders of magnitude. Our method substantially broadens the palette of voxelated materials that can be designed and manufactured in complex motifs. Voxelated soft matter is designed and fabricated using multimaterial multinozzle three-dimensional printing, which switches between different viscoelastic inks along the same print filament to print multiple materials simultaneously., Author(s): Mark A. Skylar-Scott [sup.1] [sup.2] , Jochen Mueller [sup.1] [sup.2] , Claas W. Visser [sup.1] [sup.2] , Jennifer A. Lewis [sup.1] [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) Harvard John A. Paulson [...]

Published
2019
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2. Exact expression for the BER of rectangular QAM with arbitrary constellation mapping

Author

Szczecinski, Leszek, Gonzalez, Cristian, and Aissa, Sonia

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Amplitude modulation -- Research, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Usage
Abstract

The exact closed-form expression for the bit-error rate (BER) of rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is given. The presented formula is independent of the bit mapping and it is thus particularly useful in the design and analysis of modulation schemes employing non-Gray mapping. Compared with the so-called expurgated bound and the union bound, our expression is shown to accurately predict the BER in the low signal-to-noise ratio range where the bounding techniques fail. Index Terms--Bit-error rate (BER), Gray mapping, non-Gray mapping, performance evaluation, quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).

Published
2006

3. Color image retrieval technique based on color features and image bitmap

Author

Lu, Tzu-Chuen and Chang, Chin-Chen

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics -- Analysis, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Analysis, Bit mapping -- Usage, Color computer graphics -- Analysis, Information storage and retrieval -- Analysis, Bit-mapped graphics, Business, Computers and office automation industries
Abstract

The field of color image retrieval has been an important research area for several decades. For the purpose of effectively retrieving more similar images from the digital image databases, this paper uses the color distributions, the mean value and the standard deviation, to represent the global characteristics of the image. Moreover, the image bitmap is used to represent the local characteristics of the image for increasing the accuracy of the retrieval system. As the experimental results indicated, the proposed technique indeed outperforms other schemes in terms of retrieval accuracy and category retrieval ability. Furthermore, the total memory space for saving the image features of the proposed method is less than Chan and Liu's method. Keywords: Image bitmap; Color distribution; Content-based image retrieval; Standard deviation

Published
2007

4. Graphics glossary

Author

Parascandolo, Salvatore and Abernathy, Aileen

Subjects
Disk/file management software, Bit-mapped graphics, Microcomputer industry, Computer industry, Apple Macintosh (680X0-based system) -- Standards -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Graphics software -- Design and construction -- Standards -- Usage, Computer industry -- Standards, Vector graphics -- Design and construction -- Usage
Abstract

In the good old days of Mac graphics (say, 1984), life was simple. There were two programs--one for drawing (MacDraw) and one for painting (MacPaint). Each was black-and-white only, and […]

Published
1992

5. The elements of auto-tracing

Author

Parascandolo, Salvatore

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Bit mapping -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Graphics software -- Usage
Abstract

The Elements of Auto-Tracing When artists are faced with a job that requires drawing a reald-world object or fleshing out a pencil sketch, they often give themselves a head start […]

Published
1990

6. 2-D and 3-D Graphics

Author

Lais, Sami

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Three-dimensional graphics -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Usage, Computer graphics -- Usage, Computer-aided design -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Vector graphics -- Usage
Abstract

Between a 2-D image and its 3-D counterpart stand hundreds of thousands of calculations and a world of space and time. Computer artists create a 2-D image on a plane, […]

Published
2000

8. Art in motion celebrating the GIF

Author

Pahle, Rebecca

Subjects
Art -- Exhibitions, Bit mapping -- Usage, Art industry -- Technology application, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics, Technology application, Arts and entertainment industries, General interest
Abstract

GIFs. In the early days of the Internet they were, well, crude. All dancing babies, flashing 'Under Construction' banners and the occasional spinning globe. But as the Web has evolved, [...]

Published
2012

9. Filtered effects

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Bit mapping -- Usage, Digital electronics -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Image processing -- Usage, Graphics software -- Usage
Abstract

Filtered Effects Most painting programs (PixelPaint, Studio/8, SuperPaint, UltraPaint) and image-editing applications (Photoshop, ColorStudio) include special filters that can enhance all or selected portions of a bit-mapped image. Filters add […]

Published
1991

10. Elefontitis

Author

Parascandolo, Salvatore

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Font package, Time to market, Microcomputer industry, Desktop utility, Computer industry, Apple Inc. -- Innovations -- Product development, Adobe Inc. -- Innovations -- Product development, FontSizer (Utility program) -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Usage, Product development -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Computer fonts -- Product development -- Usage -- Innovations, Computer industry -- Product development
Abstract

Jagged, bit-mapped screen fonts will soon be history Monks to new outline-font strategies being developed by Apple and Adobe. This month's Fine Print discusses the options and highlights solutions that […]

Published
1989

11. Dynamic 2-D: Although 3-D may be the cool technology, the graphical future of the Web may lie in the hands of 2-D vector-based graphics

Author

Ehrenman, Gayle

Subjects
Industry association information, Bit-mapped graphics, World Wide Web Consortium -- Standards, Bit mapping -- Usage, Computer software industry -- Standards, Trade and professional associations -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Graphics software -- Standards -- Usage
Abstract

Currently, bitmap graphics such as GIF and JPEG are the standard format for graphics on the Web. Because these images are defined pixel by pixel, they're large and complex, making […]

Published
1999

12. Make your Paintbrush dialog box show the PCX files you want

Author

Livingston, Brian

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Software quality, GUI, Microsoft Windows (GUI) -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Usage, Software -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Graphics software -- Usage, Graphical user interface -- Usage
Abstract

I've always wondered why Microsoft distributes the bit maps that are bundled with Windows in BMP format. The same files, loaded into Paintbrush and saved as PCX files, usually require […]

Published
1992

13. ITV uses intelligent Bitbus modules for a clearer picture

Subjects
Bit-mapped graphics, Software/hardware leasing, Enhanced TV, ITV PLC -- Science and technology policy, Television -- Usage, Bit mapping -- Usage, Bit-mapped graphics -- Usage, Computers -- Usage
Abstract

ITV uses intelligent Bitbus modules for a clearer picture Bitbus modules are being used to monitor ITV television transmitters. The Telemetry and Control Group of National Transcommunications (NTL, formerly the […]

Published
1991

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