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1. Conditional associative learning examined in a paralyzed patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using brain-computer interface technology

Author

Birbaumer N, Neumann N, Kübler A, Ghanayim N, Iversen IH, and Kaiser J

Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract Background Brain-computer interface methodology based on self-regulation of slow-cortical potentials (SCPs) of the EEG (electroencephalogram) was used to assess conditional associative learning in one severely paralyzed, late-stage ALS patient. After having been taught arbitrary stimulus relations, he was evaluated for formation of equivalence classes among the trained stimuli. Methods A monitor presented visual information in two targets. The method of teaching was matching to sample. Three types of stimuli were presented: signs (A), colored disks (B), and geometrical shapes (C). The sample was one type, and the choice was between two stimuli from another type. The patient used his SCP to steer a cursor to one of the targets. A smiley was presented as a reward when he hit the correct target. The patient was taught A-B and B-C (sample – comparison) matching with three stimuli of each type. Tests for stimulus equivalence involved the untaught B-A, C-B, A-C, and C-A relations. An additional test was discrimination between all three stimuli of one equivalence class presented together versus three unrelated stimuli. The patient also had sessions with identity matching using the same stimuli. Results The patient showed high accuracy, close to 100%, on identity matching and could therefore discriminate the stimuli and control the cursor correctly. Acquisition of A-B matching took 11 sessions (of 70 trials each) and had to be broken into simpler units before he could learn it. Acquisition of B-C matching took two sessions. The patient passed all equivalence class tests at 90% or higher. Conclusion The patient may have had a deficit in acquisition of the first conditional association of signs and colored disks. In contrast, the patient showed clear evidence that A-B and B-C training had resulted in formation of equivalence classes. The brain-computer interface technology combined with the matching to sample method is a useful way to assess various cognitive abilities of severely paralyzed patients, who are without reliable motor control.

Published
2008
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7. An EEG-Based Brain-Machine Interface to Control a 7-Degrees of Freedom Exoskeleton for Stroke Rehabilitation

Author

Sarasola-Sanz, A., López-Larraz, E., Irastorza-Landa, N., Klein, J., Valencia, D., Belloso, A., Morin, F. O., Spüler, M., Birbaumer, N., Ramos-Murguialday, A., Guglielmelli, Eugenio, Series editor, Ibáñez, Jaime, editor, González-Vargas, José, editor, Azorín, José María, editor, Akay, Metin, editor, and Pons, José Luis, editor

Published
2017
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13. Singing training predicts increased insula connectivity with speech and respiratory sensorimotor areas at rest

Author

Zamorano, A. M., Zatorre, R. J., Vuust, P., Friberg, Anders, Birbaumer, N., Kleber, B., Zamorano, A. M., Zatorre, R. J., Vuust, P., Friberg, Anders, Birbaumer, N., and Kleber, B.

Abstract

The insula contributes to the detection of salient events during goal-directed behavior and participates in the coordination of motor, multisensory, and cognitive systems. Recent task-fMRI studies with trained singers sug-gest that singing experience can enhance the access to these resources. However, the long-term effects of vocal training on insula-based networks are still unknown. In this study, we employed resting-state fMRI to assess experience-dependent differences in insula co-activation patterns between conservatory-trained singers and non-singers. Results indicate enhanced bilateral anterior insula connectivity in singers relative to non-singers with constituents of the speech sensorimotor network. Specifically, with the cerebellum (lobule V-VI) and the superior parietal lobes. The reversed comparison showed no effects. The amount of accumulated singing training pre-dicted enhanced bilateral insula co-activation with primary sensorimotor areas representing the diaphragm and the larynx/phonation area-crucial regions for cortico-motor control of complex vocalizations-as well as the bilateral thalamus and the left putamen. Together, these findings highlight the neuroplastic effect of expert singing training on insula-based networks, as evidenced by the association between enhanced insula co-activation profiles in singers and the brain's speech motor system components., QC 20230707

Published
2023
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14. A novel brain-machine-interface (BMI) system for motor rehabilitation in severely impaired chronic stroke patients

Author

1st International IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (25-27 April: Baltimore / USA), Khanna, P, Sarasola-Sanz, A, Irastorza-Landa, N, Klein, J., Jung, Je Hyung, Miguel, Amaia, Santisteban, L, Chueca Amador, Cristina, Gouda, Suraj, Siddarth, Dangi, Lopez-Larraz, E, Ortega-Isasa, I, Carrasco, Alex, Carbayo, G, Diez, Noemi, Pomposo, I, López de Munain, Adolpho A.L., Birbaumer, N, McIntyre, Joseph, Bengoetxea, Ana, Ramos, Eduardo, Carmena, Jose, Ramos Murguialday, Ander, 1st International IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (25-27 April: Baltimore / USA), Khanna, P, Sarasola-Sanz, A, Irastorza-Landa, N, Klein, J., Jung, Je Hyung, Miguel, Amaia, Santisteban, L, Chueca Amador, Cristina, Gouda, Suraj, Siddarth, Dangi, Lopez-Larraz, E, Ortega-Isasa, I, Carrasco, Alex, Carbayo, G, Diez, Noemi, Pomposo, I, López de Munain, Adolpho A.L., Birbaumer, N, McIntyre, Joseph, Bengoetxea, Ana, Ramos, Eduardo, Carmena, Jose, and Ramos Murguialday, Ander

Abstract

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2023

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