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As the population ages, there will be an increasing demand for health care resources, particularly in intensive care. Therefore, critically ill older adults are receiving increasing attention and have been extensively studied. However, the research landscape, dynamic patterns, and emerging topics in this area have scarcely been reviewed. This study aimed to delve into the current status and emerging trends (publication volume and research topics) in critical care for older adults (including interventions, outcomes, and complications) using bibliometric analysis. We retrieved original articles and reviews focusing on critical care for older adults published between 2013 and 2022 from the Web of Science core database. To examine and present the research trends, we employed VOSviewer and CiteSpace software for analysis and visualization. The cooperative network of countries and institutions, cocited authorship network, cocited references, and cooccurrence network of keywords were analyzed. Overall, 6356 articles and reviews published between 2013 and 2022 were analyzed, revealing a noticeable upward trend in the number of publications focused on critical care for older adults. In total, 34,654 authors from 7989 institutions across 131 countries collaborated to publish 6356 papers related to critical care for older adults in 1715 academic journals. The United States of America and China were the top contributors in terms of research studies, while Bertrand Guidet was the most prolific author with the highest number of articles. A dual-map overlay of the literature revealed that research papers published in Molecular/Biology/Genetics and Health/Nursing/Medicine journals were frequently referenced in Medicine/Medical/Clinical journals. Older patients with coronavirus disease 2019, delirium, and frailty were new trends and developing areas of interest. This is the first bibliometric study focusing on critical care in older adults. The research topics indicate that a comprehensive geriatric assessment, tailored interventions, and specific therapeutic algorithms among older adults are recommended to improve outcomes. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights for clinical decision-making, guideline development, and resource allocation in critical care settings., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Background: Bibliometrics and statistics were used to determine and analyze the research status of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) from 2004 to 2023, and objectively reflect the development and future trend of HFRS at home and abroad through comparison., Methods: To search the research literature on HFRS in China National Knowledge Network and Web of Science databases from January 2004 to December 2023, CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visually analyze the annual publication trends, authors, research institutions, countries, co-cited literature, keywords and other contents of the included literatures., Results: A total of 4460 Chinese literatures and 2372 foreign literatures were included. The number of HFRS published in the Web of Science database showed a trend of positive growth, while the number of HFRS published in China National Knowledge Network showed a trend of decline. Bai Xuefan and Wang Zhiqiang were the most published authors in China, and foreign scholars Vaheri, Antti, Ahlm, Clas. The main research institutions in the domestic literature were Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, while foreign research institutions concentrated on the University of Helsinki and Ministry of Health. The top 3 countries in the literature research of Web of Science are the USA, China, and Germany., Conclusion: The analysis results of hot spots and trends suggested that we need to develop more reliable tools and methods in the monitoring and spatio-temporal analysis of HFRS epidemic data in the future, so as to provide references for the surveillance and early warning of zoonotic diseases in the field of public health research., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Background: Clinical trials play a crucial role in biomedical research, and it is important to register them in public registries to ensure transparency and prevent research waste. In this study, we wished to determine what steps need to be taken to identify every clinical trial run in India that has been registered in any of the (non-Indian) World Health Organization-recognised primary registries. Of the 16 registries, we studied all except that of the European Union, which will be studied separately., Methods: Two methodologies were employed for each registry, except for four that did not facilitate one or the other method. Methodology A involved downloading all the records in a registry and querying them. Methodology B involved conducting a search via the registry website., Results: Only four registries provided consistent results with both methodologies. Seven registries had different results from the two methodologies. Of these, in four cases, in Methodology A one field indicated that the study ran in India, while another indicated otherwise., Conclusions: The above-mentioned ambiguities should be addressed by the concerned registries. Overall, this study reinforces the need for improved data accuracy and transparency in clinical trial registries and emphasizes the importance of resolving complications faced by users while navigating the registries. Ensuring accurate and comprehensive registration of clinical trials is essential for meta-research and the use of such data by a variety of stakeholders., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) are widely used in the diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases. This study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of ophthalmologic OCT and OCT angiography., Methods: We retrieved publications on ophthalmic OCT and OCTA from 2003 to 2022 from the Web of Science Core Collection and used bibliometric tools to analyze and visualize the distribution, trend, and hotspots., Results: In total, 20,817 articles written by 48,160 authors from 106 countries were selected. The number of publications has significantly increased. In the last two decades, the USA was the most productive country and received the highest citations. The most productive journal was Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science and received the highest number of citations. Moorfields Eye Hospital was the most productive institution. Bandello F published the most papers, while Spaide RF was the highest cited author. SPAIDE RF, 2011, AM J Ophthalmology was the most cited document. "OCT", "glaucoma" and "OCTA" were three hotspots in the last two decades. "Vessel density" and "deep learning" would be research hotspots in the future., Conclusion: The bibliometric analysis of ophthalmic OCT and OCTA research over the past two decades on keywords, authors, citations, hotspots and trends will provide global researchers with valuable information for future research and cooperation., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)

Background and Purpose: Interest in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has been growing in neuroradiology, but there is limited knowledge on how this interest has manifested into research and specifically, its qualities and characteristics. This study aims to characterize the emergence and evolution of AI/ML articles within neuroradiology and provide a comprehensive overview of the trends, challenges, and future directions of the field., Materials and Methods: We performed a bibliometric analysis of the American Journal of Neuroradiology ; the journal was queried for original research articles published since inception (January 1, 1980) to December 3, 2022 that contained any of the following key terms: "machine learning," "artificial intelligence," "radiomics," "deep learning," "neural network," "generative adversarial network," "object detection," or "natural language processing." Articles were screened by 2 independent reviewers, and categorized into statistical modeling (type 1), AI/ML development (type 2), both representing developmental research work but without a direct clinical integration, or end-user application (type 3), which is the closest surrogate of potential AI/ML integration into day-to-day practice. To better understand the limiting factors to type 3 articles being published, we analyzed type 2 articles as they should represent the precursor work leading to type 3., Results: A total of 182 articles were identified with 79% being nonintegration focused (type 1 n = 53, type 2 n = 90) and 21% ( n = 39) being type 3. The total number of articles published grew roughly 5-fold in the last 5 years, with the nonintegration focused articles mainly driving this growth. Additionally, a minority of type 2 articles addressed bias (22%) and explainability (16%). These articles were primarily led by radiologists (63%), with most (60%) having additional postgraduate degrees., Conclusions: AI/ML publications have been rapidly increasing in neuroradiology with only a minority of this growth being attributable to end-user application. Areas identified for improvement include enhancing the quality of type 2 articles, namely external validation, and addressing both bias and explainability. These results ultimately provide authors, editors, clinicians, and policymakers important insights to promote a shift toward integrating practical AI/ML solutions in neuroradiology., (© 2024 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.)

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a common skin disease characterized by clear pigmented patches on the folds of the skin. However, the AN research field lacks scientific and comprehensive bibliometric analysis. This article aims to use bibliometric methods to summarize and visualize the distribution patterns, research hotspots, and development trends of AN literature., Methods: Literature from 1900 to 2024 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database through AN's thematic search. Using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Excel 2019, conduct a comprehensive analysis of the number of publications, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, highly cited literature, keywords, and so on, and sort out the hotspots and directions of AN., Results: From 1900 to 2024, 1675 publications were included in the bibliometric analysis, showing a steady annual increase in the number of publications. The United States leads in this research field, with the University of Texas System being a key research institution. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism has the highest number of published papers. The most cited article is "Syndromes of Insulin Resistance and Acanthosis Nigricans: Insulin-Receptor Disorders in Man" (1976). The author Taylor, SI, has published the most papers. "Acanthosis nigricans" is the most frequently occurring keyword. The main research hotspots and frontier areas in AN research are as follows: (1) The relationship between AN and other diseases is a popular research topic; (2) The connection between AN and insulin resistance (IR) is a current research focus; (3) Treatment of AN, with an emphasis on addressing the underlying causes and improving local skin conditions, represents the cutting edge of this field., Conclusion: This study summarizes the research trends and hotspots in the field of AN, offering valuable information and insights for scholars focused on AN scientific research, and providing a reference for future research directions., (© 2024 The Author(s). Skin Research and Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the field of SD, but there has been no bibliometric research yet. This study aims to use bibliometric methods to analyze the current research status and hot topics of SD, to understand further the research trends and future development prospects in this field., Methods: Retrieve core literature on SD from the Web of Science database and conduct a detailed analysis using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software based on factors such as publication volume, countries (regions), research institutions, journals, authors, highly-cited papers, and keywords., Results: From 1996 to 2024, a total of 1436 publications were included in the bibliometric analysis. The number of publications has shown an increasing trend year by year. The USA is the leading country in this field of research. The University of California System is the primary research institution. The International Journal of Dermatology is the journal with the highest number of publications. The author Yang Won Lee has the highest number of publications, while the article "Seborrheic Dermatitis" (2004) by Gupta, A.K. has been cited the most. "Seborrheic dermatitis" is the most frequently occurring keyword. The main research hotspots and frontiers in SD are as follows: (1) The relationship between SD and other skin diseases is a popular research topic; (2) Malassezia and inflammation are current research hotspots in SD; and (3) Focusing on antifungal and anti-inflammatory treatments for SD is the current frontier direction in this field., Conclusion: This study is a summary of the current status and hot trends of SD research, which helps clinical doctors and researchers quickly understand the insights and valuable information of SD research and provides reference for clinical decision-making and finding future research directions., (© 2024 The Author(s). Skin Research and Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Introduction: While bibliometric ranking systems have been designed to use citations, funding, and alumni productivity, there is a need for a simple metric that objectively evaluates the work of a group or organization. The present study describes a bibliometric tool, the Departmental Scholarly Index (DSI), for this purpose., Methods: Publications from academic plastic surgery programs in qualifying states of the Southeastern Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons released in 2022 were collected via PubMed affiliation search. Publications were recorded in a running list alongside the title and 2022 impact factor of their respective journals. The impact factors were averaged by summing the impact factors and dividing by the number of articles to obtain a raw average. Any publication in a journal with an impact factor greater than five multiples of the raw average was removed as an outlier. The remaining impact factors were then summed and give the final numerical value representing the DSI., Results: A total of 464 articles published in 139 individual journals were returned from PubMed between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, for the 22 constituent departments. Calculated Spearman's rank coefficients comparing the DSI ranking with both the Doximity and Persad-Paisley rankings yielded values of 0.66 (P < 0.01) and 0.62 (P < 0.01), respectively. Overall, the DSI rankings largely agree with either the Persad-Paisley or Doximity rankings with notable differences seen in the rankings of Mayo Florida and the University of Alabama. A clear academic ranking of Southeastern Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons programs was generated from these data., Conclusions: The DSI represents a novel and simple approach to applying objective value to research with the advantage of using data bound to the most recent publication productivity., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: None., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Historically, teenage and young adult (TYA) cancers have been understudied, with research largely focussing on paediatric or older adult (OA) indications. With increasing TYA cancer incidence rates internationally, now is the time to focus on teenagers and young adults across the research pipeline to improve not only outcomes but also the quality of life for this underserved group., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests There are no interests to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Dizziness or vertigo in older population frequently presents in clinical settings, yet its etiology remains elusive. The objective of this study was to delineate global trends and identify frontiers in research concerning dizziness or vertigo among older population., Methods: We searched the research literature published from 2003 to 2022 on older population with dizziness or vertigo using two databases from the Web of Science Core Collection. A bibliometric and visualization analysis was conducted. Bibliometric tools facilitated co-authorship, co-citation, and keyword co-occurrence analyses, encompassing countries or regions, institutions, authors, journals, and references., Results: The analysis included 1322 publications authored by 6524 individuals from 2244 institutions across 67 countries or regions, spanning 92 subject categories. A steady increase in publications was noted from 2003 to 2022. The University of Munich, Harvard University, and the University of California System emerged as leading institutions with the highest publication outputs. The United States, Germany, and China were predominant in publication counts. Eva Grill was identified as the most prolific author. Otology & Neurotology and Geriatrics & Gerontology emerged as the most prolific journal and subject category, respectively. The most prevalent keywords were "dizziness", "vertigo", "falls", and "geriatric", with "management", "gait", and "association" recognized as the principal research hotspots., Conclusion: This study provides a systematic analysis of global scientific research on older population dizziness/vertigo, revealing significant advancements in understanding over the past two decades. Management, gait, and association have emerged as the primary research focuses on recent years. These findings offer valuable insights for directing current research efforts to capture prevailing trends and explore new frontiers in this field., (Copyright © 2024 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier España S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: This academic article discusses the historical underrepresentation of female in science, with a focus on Latin America. It highlights the importance of both technical and non-technical skills in the medical-surgical field, particularly the role of research skills. The study aims to quantify and characterize the scientific output of Latin American female researchers over the past decade, providing insights into the challenges and opportunities in low and middle-income countries., Material and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional bibliometric study was conducted in 2023, focusing on pediatric surgical science journals in Scopus and PubMed. It assessed Latin American female participation, journal details, and interaction networks, using SPSS and Gephi software. The period analyzed was from January 2012 to December 2022., Results: Between 2012 and 2022, 727 articles with Latin authorship in pediatric surgery were analyzed across 304 journals. Of these, 63.69% had female co-authors. The majority were original articles (53.13%), with contributions from Brazil, Mexico, and Chile. Notable journals included the Journal of Pediatric Surgery and Child's Nervous System. Keywords like Laparoscopy and Cardiac surgery were common. A growth trend in female Latin American publications was observed, despite temporary declines., Conclusions: This study highlights a growing trend in Latin American females' scientific contributions to pediatric surgery from 2012 to 2022, although a gender gap persists. The research mainly consists of primary data studies, with a focus on Brazil and Mexico from public institutions. The Journal of Pediatric Surgery featured prominently, and common topics included Laparoscopy, Cardiac surgery, Liver transplant, Congenital heart defects, and COVID-19., Level of Evidence: IV., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest ATM is a speaker or consultant for Abbvie, Amgen, Bristol-Meyers-Squibb, Janssen, Novartis, Ortho-Dermatologics, Pfizer, and UCB. CRS and LJ have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Purpose: The primary goal of this study was to assess the growth, most influential articles, countries, journals, authors, and papers published in the field of global oral cancer. Research articles on oral cancer, published between 1989 and 2022, were identified through the Web of Science database to achieve this., Methods: A comprehensive dataset comprising 7,178 documents was meticulously extracted from the Web of Science, forming the basis for scientometric analysis. A refined subset of 4,901 documents was judiciously selected following a rigorous screening process for meticulous, in-depth analysis., Results: The field has witnessed a remarkable publication surge, with the United States taking the lead in productivity. The journal Oral Oncology has become the foremost publication, renowned for its prolific output and widespread citation. This trend highlights the growing importance and interest in this domain, with researchers and experts worldwide contributing to the expanding body of knowledge. The United States' dominance in productivity suggests its strong commitment to advancing research in the field, while Oral Oncology's recognition underscores its influential role in disseminating cutting-edge findings and fostering scientific progress., Conclusion: This scientometric analysis is a valuable resource for researchers, funding agencies, industry, and institutions, offering guidance and insights., Clinical Trial Number: Not Applicable., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Objectives: Research samples that are representative of patient populations are needed to ensure the generalizability of study findings. The primary aim was to assess the efficacy of a study design and recruitment strategy in obtaining a participant sample that was representative of the broader cochlear implant (CI) patient population at the CI center. A secondary aim was to review whether the CI recipient population was representative of the state population., Methods: Demographic variables were compared for a research participant sample (n = 79) and the CI patient population (n = 338). The participant sample was recruited from the CI patient population. The study design included visits that were at the same location and frequency as the recommended clinical follow-up intervals. The demographics for the combined group (participant sample and patient population) were then compared to the reported demographics for the population in North Carolina., Results: There were no significant differences between the participant sample and patient population for biological sex, age at implantation, racial distribution, socioeconomic position, degree of urbanization, or drive time to the CI center (p ≥ 0.086). The combined CI recipient population was significantly different from the North Carolina population for the distributions of race, ethnicity, and degree of urbanization (p < 0.001)., Conclusion: The study design and recruitment strategy allowed for recruitment of a participant sample that was representative of the CI patient population. Disparities in access to cochlear implantation persist, as supported by the significant differences in the combined CI recipient population and the population for our state., Level of Evidence: 3 Laryngoscope, 134:4101-4110, 2024., (© 2024 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide relative citation ratio (RCR) benchmark data for cornea and external diseases specialists., Design: This is a cross-sectional bibliometric analysis., Subjects: Subjects included were fellowship-trained cornea and external diseases faculty at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited institutions in the United States., Methods: Academic specialists were indexed using the National Institutes of Health iCite Web site. Publication count, mean RCR score, and weighted RCR score were obtained between October 2022 and January 2023 by examining PubMed-listed publications from 1980 to 2022. Data were compared by sex, career duration, academic rank, and acquisition of a Doctor of Philosophy., Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were publication count, mean RCR value, and weighted RCR value., Results: The cohort included 602 specialists from 112 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited institutions. These clinician-scientists produced highly impactful research with a median publication count of 15 (interquartile ranges 4-41), median RCR of 1.4 (interquartile ranges 0.91-1.88), and median-weighted RCR of 20.28 (5.3-66.69). Both academic rank and career length were associated with greater publication count and RCR values. Male sex was also associated with greater publications counts and RCR scores compared with female faculty. Acquisition of a Doctor of Philosophy was associated with greater publication counts and weighted RCR scores but no difference in mean RCR scores., Conclusions: Academic cornea and external diseases specialists conduct high-impact research, with a median RCR of 1.4, exceeding the NIH standard value of 1. These data provide RCR benchmark data for the field to inform self, institutional, and departmental evaluations. These results also highlight a significant gender disparity in the field necessitating efforts to increase female representation and ensure equal opportunities., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. Therefore, improved disease detection has emerged as a focal point in clinical studies. At the forefront of innovation, radiomics has the capability to extract comprehensive insights from medical images, ultimately enhancing the accuracy of diagnostic procedures. There has been rapid growth in the field of radiomics research on breast cancer in the past few years. We explored pertinent research articles in the Web of Science Core Collection database to gain a thorough understanding of breast cancer radiomics. We used CiteSpace to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the annual distribution of different nations, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and references in the field of breast cancer radiomics. GraphPad Prism software was used to examine and graph yearly and country-specific trends and the proportions of publications. The tools utilized for the visualization of science mapping included CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Of the 891 publications, most were original articles (731, 91.09%) and a few were reviews (160, 8.91%). Most academic research has been published in China and the United States. The study centers predominantly consisted of major academic institutions, such as Fudan University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with some of their members being prominent figures in the field. Pinker, Katja has published the largest number of research papers. The majority of these studies have been published in medical journals focusing on radiology and oncology in recent years. In the realm of cutting-edge medical research, the top two keywords, magnetic resonance imaging and machine learning stand at the forefront as current areas of intense focus. Breast cancer radiomics is advancing rapidly, presenting numerous opportunities and obstacles. Our study of the literature in this academic area aimed to pinpoint the primary themes addressed in the studies and anticipate prospective avenues for research., Competing Interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Background and Objectives: Comprehending the research dataset is crucial for obtaining reliable and valid outcomes. Health analysts must have a deep comprehension of the data being analyzed. This comprehension allows them to suggest practical solutions for handling missing data, in a clinical data source. Accurate handling of missing values is critical for producing precise estimates and making informed decisions, especially in crucial areas like clinical research. With data's increasing diversity and complexity, numerous scholars have developed a range of imputation techniques. To address this, we conducted a systematic review to introduce various imputation techniques based on tabular dataset characteristics, including the mechanism, pattern, and ratio of missingness, to identify the most appropriate imputation methods in the healthcare field., Materials and Methods: We searched four information databases namely PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore, for articles published up to September 20, 2023, that discussed imputation methods for addressing missing values in a clinically structured dataset. Our investigation of selected articles focused on four key aspects: the mechanism, pattern, ratio of missingness, and various imputation strategies. By synthesizing insights from these perspectives, we constructed an evidence map to recommend suitable imputation methods for handling missing values in a tabular dataset., Results: Out of 2955 articles, 58 were included in the analysis. The findings from the development of the evidence map, based on the structure of the missing values and the types of imputation methods used in the extracted items from these studies, revealed that 45% of the studies employed conventional statistical methods, 31% utilized machine learning and deep learning methods, and 24% applied hybrid imputation techniques for handling missing values., Conclusion: Considering the structure and characteristics of missing values in a clinical dataset is essential for choosing the most appropriate data imputation technique, especially within conventional statistical methods. Accurately estimating missing values to reflect reality enhances the likelihood of obtaining high-quality and reusable data, contributing significantly to precise medical decision-making processes. Performing this review study creates a guideline for choosing the most appropriate imputation methods in data preprocessing stages to perform analytical processes on structured clinical datasets., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent disease, and the relevant literature has been increasingly investigated over the past years. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct a scientific and comprehensive DPN research field bibliometric analysis. This study aims to summarize and visualize the literature distribution laws, the research hotspots, and the development trends in DPN using bibliometric methods. We searched all relevant documents published from 2011 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis and network visualization were performed using VOSviewer, R-bibliometrix, and CiteSpace tools, focusing on countries, institutions, authors, journals, highly cited papers, references, and keywords. This study included a total of 2708 documents. The annual number of publications in the field has notably increased. China, the USA, and the UK take on critical significance in DPN research. The University of Manchester in the UK has the highest number of publications (109). Malik has the most publications (86). Tesfaye literature has been most frequently cited by scholars of DPN research. The Journal of Diabetes and its Complications and Frontiers in Endocrinology have the most publications (45 each). Diabetes Care stands out with the highest impact factor (16.200), number of citations (2516), and H-index (27) among the number of publications top 10 journals. The paper "Colloca, L. et al Neuropathic pain. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2017, 3 (1):1-19" has the highest number of citations (1224 times). The most critical co-cited reference is "Tesfaye S, 2010, DIABETES CARE, V33, P2285" (cited 408 times). Keywords like "type 2 diabetes," "diagnosis," "association," "retinopathy," "risk factors," "progression," "corneal confocal microscopy," "nephropathy," "balance," "microvascular complications," "inflammation," "disease," and "insulin resistance" represent the recent research hotspots. The development, research hotspots, and future trends of the global DPN domain from 2011 to 2023 were summarized and visualized in this study. This study can present more insights into the general situation of DPN research and provide a useful reference for clinical decision-making and directions of subsequent research., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Introduction: The use of survey methodology in surgical research has proliferated in recent years, but the quality of these surveys and of their reporting is understudied., Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of surgical survey literature (January 2022-July 2023) via PubMed in July 2023. Articles which (1) reported data gleaned from a survey, (2) were published in an English language journal, (3) targeted survey respondents in the United States or Canada, and (4) pertained to general surgery specialties were included. We assessed quality of survey reports using the Checklist for Reporting Of Survey Studies (CROSS) guidelines. Articles were evaluated for concordance with CROSS using a dichotomous (yes or no) scale., Results: Initial literature search yielded 481 articles; 57 articles were included in analysis based on the inclusion criteria. The mean response rate was 37% (range 0.62%-98%). The majority of surveys were administered electronically (n = 50, 87.8%). No publications adhered to all 40 CROSS items; on average, publications met 61.2% of items applicable to that study. Articles were most likely to adhere to reporting criteria for title and abstract (mean adherence 99.1%), introduction (99.1%), and discussion (92.4%). Articles were least adherent to items related to methodology (42.6%) and moderately adherent to items related to results (76.6%). Only five articles cited CROSS guidelines or another standardized survey reporting tool (10.5%)., Conclusions: Our analysis demonstrates that CROSS reporting guidelines for survey research have not been adopted widely. Surveys reported in surgical literature may be of variable quality. Increased adherence to guidelines could improve development and dissemination of surveys done by surgeons., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Prior research highlights that rural populations have been historically underrepresented/excluded from clinical research. The primary objective of this study was to describe the inclusion of rural populations within our research enterprise using Clinical Research Management System demographic information at a large academic medical center in the Southeast. This was a cross-sectional study using participant demographic information for all protocols entered into our Clinical Research Management System between May 2018 and March 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the representation of rural and non-rural participants and demographic breakdown by age, sex, race, and ethnicity for our entire enterprise and at the state level. We also compared Material Community Deprivation Index levels between urban and rural participants. Results indicated that 19% of the research population was classified as rural and 81% as non-rural for our entire sample, and 17.5% rural and 82.5% urban for our state-level sample. There were significant differences in race, sex, and age between rural and non-rural participants and Material Community Deprivation Indices between rural and non-rural participants. Lessons learned and recommendations for increasing the inclusion of rural populations in research are discussed., (© 2024 The Author(s). Clinical and Translational Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.)

Objectives: Bibliometrics, such as the Hirsch index (h-index) and the more recently developed relative citation ratio (RCR), are utilized to evaluate research productivity. Our study evaluates demographics, research productivity, and National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding in academic otology., Methods: Academic otologists were identified, and their demographics were collected using institutional faculty profiles (N = 265). Funding data were obtained using the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools Expenditures and Reports Database. The h-index was calculated using Scopus and mean (m-RCR) and weighted RCR (w-RCR) were calculated using the NIH iCite tool., Results: H-index (aOR 1.18, 95% CI 1.10-1.27, p < 0.001), but not m-RCR (aOR 1.50, 95% CI 0.97-2.31, p = 0.069) or w-RCR (aOR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99-1.00, p = 0.231), was associated with receiving NIH funding. Men had greater h-index (16 vs. 9, p < 0.001) and w-RCR (51.8 vs. 23.0, p < 0.001), but not m-RCR (1.3 vs. 1.3, p = 0.269) than women. Higher academic rank was associated with greater h-index and w-RCR (p < 0.001). Among assistant professors, men had greater h-index than women (9.0 vs. 8.0, p = 0.025). At career duration 11-20 years, men had greater h-index (14.0 vs. 8.0, p = 0.009) and w-RCR (52.7 vs. 25.8, p = 0.022) than women., Conclusion: The h-index has a strong relationship with NIH funding in academic otology. Similar h-index, m-RCR, and w-RCR between men and women across most academic ranks and career durations suggests production of similarly impactful research. The m-RCR may correct some deficiencies of time-dependent bibliometrics and its consideration in academic promotion and research funding allocation may promote representation of women in otology., Level of Evidence: N/A Laryngoscope, 134:3786-3794, 2024., (© 2024 The Authors. The Laryngoscope published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.)

Objective To scope how the Australian Bureau of Statistics Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) has been applied to measure socio-economic status (SES) in peer-reviewed cardiovascular disease (CVD) research. Methods The Joanna Briggs Institute's scoping review methodology was used. Results The search retrieved 2788 unique citations, and 49 studies were included. Studies were heterogeneous in their approach to analysis using SEIFA. Not all studies provided information as to what version was used and how SEIFA was applied in analysis. Spatial unit of analysis varied between studies, with participant postcode most frequently applied. Study quality varied. Conclusions The use of SEIFA in Australian CVD peer-reviewed research is widespread, with variations in the application of SEIFA to measure SES as an exposure. There is a need to improve the reporting of how SEIFA is applied in the methods sections of research papers for greater transparency and to ensure accurate interpretation of CVD research.

Objective: Research experience is one criterion of the selection process for applicants to residency training programs. We aim to quantify temporal trends in research productivity of medical students who matched into a canadian ophthalmology residency program., Design: Retrospective database review., Participants: A total of 465 residents commencing ophthalmology training from 2010 to 2022 in 15 Canadian ophthalmology residency programs., Methods: The names of all residents commencing training in ophthalmology in all Canadian programs from 2010 to 2022 were identified. Bibliometric data including publication count and type, authorship position, and H-index corresponding to the match year were extracted from the Scopus database. Descriptive and univariate statistics were used to characterize and assess trends in research productivity., Results: A total of 461 ophthalmology residents (99% complete data set) from all 15 residency programs representing 1179 publications, including 679 ophthalmology-related publications, were identified. Most publications were original research (676; 58%), followed by case reports and letters (324; 27%) and reviews (162; 14%). Overall, 62% of residents had at least 1 publication at the time of the match, with a mean of 2.56 ± 3.49 publications and a mean H-index of 1.03 ± 1.48 publications. There was a significant increase (p < 0.001) in all research productivity metrics except senior authorship in the period 2019-2022 compared with 2010-2018. Notably, 91% of residents had ≥1 publication in 2022 compared with 38% in 2010., Conclusion: First-year ophthalmology resident publication productivity doubled from 2010-2016 to 2017-2022 suggesting a greater emphasis on scholarly work from medical trainees, a trend similar to that reported in other specialties., Competing Interests: Footnotes and Disclosure The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article., (Copyright © 2023 Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive type of breast cancer with poor prognosis, and neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) has emerged as an important component in managing advanced-stage patients by providing surgical opportunities and improving survival outcomes. A search of publications on NAT for TNBC from 2002 to 2023 was conducted through the Web of Science core collection. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis was conducted on the data using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Bibliometrix. The analysis revealed a continuous and steady growth in the number of articles published in this field over the past 20 years. The United States has made significant contributions to this field, with The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center publishing the most articles. Loibl, S. from Germany was found to be the most published author with 54 articles. Analysis of the journals showed that the Journal of Clinical Oncology is the most cited journal. Combined with the keyword co-occurrence analysis and clustering analysis, current research topic focuses on treatment regimens and disease prognosis. Dual-map overlay of the journals indicates that the research trend is gradually shifting from molecular biology and genetics to immunology and clinical research. Combination therapy, including immunotherapy, may be the future direction for NAT treatment of TNBC. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the current research status, latest advancements, and emerging development trend of NAT for TNBC., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Introduction: Unlike high-income countries (HICs), there are few early intervention services for psychosis in low-and middle-income countries (LAMICs). In HICs, research spurred the growth of such services. Little is known about the state of EIP research in LAMICs, which we address by examining their research output and collaborations vis-à-vis that of HICs., Methods: We conducted a search in Scopus database for early psychosis publications in scientific journals since 1980. Data from each record, including title, author affiliation, and date, were downloaded. For HIC-LAMIC collaborations, data on first, corresponding and last authors' affiliations, and funding were manually extracted. Descriptive statistics and social network analysis were conducted., Results: Globally, early psychosis publications increased from 24 in 1980 to 1297 in 2022. Of 16,942 included publications, 16.1 % had LAMIC authors. 71.3 % involved authors from a single country (regardless of income level). 21.9 % were collaborations between HICs, 6.6 % between HICs and LAMICs, and 0.2 % among LAMICs. For research conducted in LAMICs and involving HIC-LAMIC collaborations, the first, last, and corresponding authors were LAMIC-based in 71.8 %, 60.7 %, and 63.0 %, respectively. These positions were dominated (80 %) by authors from four LAMICs. 29.4 % of the HIC-LAMIC subset was funded solely by LAMIC funders, predominantly two LAMICs., Conclusions: LAMICs are starkly underrepresented in the otherwise flourishing body of early psychosis research. They have far fewer collaborations and less funding than HICs. Closing these gaps in LAMICs where most of the world's youth live is imperative to generate the local knowledge needed to strengthen early psychosis services that are known to improve outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Top-tier general and specialty scientific journals serve as a bellwether for national research priorities. We hypothesize that military-relevant publications are underrepresented in the scientific literature and that such publications decrease significantly during peacetime., Methods: We identified high impact journals in the fields of Medicine, Surgery and Critical Care and developed Boolean searches for military-focused topics using National Library of Medicine Subject Headings terms. A PubMed search from 1950 to 2020 returned the number of research publications in relevant journals and the rate of military-focused publications by year. Rates of military publications were compared between peacetime and wartime. Publication rate trends were modeled with a quadratic function controlling for the start of active conflict and total casualty numbers. Baseline proportions of military physicians relative to the civilian sector served to estimate expected publication rates. Comparisons were performed using Pearson's χ 2 and Mann-Whitney U test, with p < 0.05 considered a significant difference., Results: From 1950 to 2020, a total of 716,340 manuscripts were published in the journals queried. Of these, military-relevant manuscripts totaled 4,052 (0.57%). We found a significant difference in the rate of publication during times of peace and times of war (0.40% vs. 0.69%, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis found significantly reduced rates of publication in medical and critical care journals during peacetime. For each conflict, the percentage of military-focused publications peaked during periods of war but then receded below baseline levels within a median of 2.5 years (interquartile range, 1.5-3.8 years) during peacetime. The proportion of military-focused publications never reached the current proportion of military physicians in the workforce., Conclusion: There is marked reduction in rates of publication for military-focused articles in high impact journals during peacetime. Military-focused articles are underrepresented in high-impact journals. Investigators of military-relevant topics and editors of high-impact journals should seek to close this gap., (Copyright © 2024 Written work prepared by employees of the Federal Government as part of their official duties is, under the U.S. Copyright Act, a “work of the United States Government” for which copyright protection under Title 17 of the United States Code is not available. As such, copyright does not extend to the contributions of employees of the Federal Government.)

Background: Lack of diversity in participants throughout the research process limits the generalizability of findings and may contribute to health disparities. There are unique challenges to recruitment of families to pediatric cancer research studies, especially for those from disadvantaged backgrounds. Thus, there is a need to evaluate the most effective recruitment and retention strategies to optimize equitable recruitment of diverse participants., Methods: The present study adapted and implemented methods outlined previously in the literature. These previous efforts were developed to address barriers to pediatric research, behavioral health intervention research and research with Black adolescents. Recruitment and retention strategies are described across four different time points: pre-approach, initial connection, building connection and follow-up. Eligible families of children with a pediatric cancer diagnosis were approached during a routine oncology visit. Once consented, enrollment and retention rates over three timepoints of data collection were recorded and evaluated., Results: Results indicated high rates of enrollment (86%) and retention (95%) for eligible participants. There were no trends in heightened attrition for any specific subgroup., Conclusions: The findings of this study are promising and suggest these recruitment and retention strategies may be useful in recruiting individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

This study examines the influence of National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding on the publication choices of dermatologists, particularly in terms of journal tiers and pay-to-publish (P2P) versus free-to-publish (F2P) models. Utilizing k-means clustering for journal ranking based on SCImago Journal Rank, h-index, and Impact Factor, journals were categorized into three tiers and 54,530 dermatology publications from 2021 to 2023 were analyzed. Authors were classified as Top NIH Funded or Non-Top NIH Funded according to Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research rankings. The study finds significant differences in publication patterns, with Top NIH Funded researchers in Tier I journals demonstrating a balanced use of P2P and F2P models, while they preferred F2P models in Tier II and III journals. Non-Top NIH Funded authors, however, opted for P2P models more frequently across all tiers. These data suggest NIH funding allows researchers greater flexibility to publish in higher-tier journals despite publication fees, while prioritizing F2P models in lower-tier journals. Such a pattern indicates that funding status plays a critical role in strategic publication decisions, potentially impacting research visibility and subsequent funding. The study's dermatology focus limits broader applicability, warranting further research to explore additional factors like geographic location, author gender, and research design., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: The relationship between frailty and neoplasms has attracted increasing attention from researchers in recent years. This study aims to identify current research hotspots and status in this field through bibliometric and visualization analysis., Methods: Literature on the relationship between frailty and neoplasms, meeting the inclusion criteria, was collected from the Core Collection. Bibliometric analysis and visualization were performed using WoS, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace., Results: Our study included 7410 documents on frailty and neoplasms, authored by 43,605 researchers from 9478 institutions across 115 countries, and published in 2067 journals. The USA emerged as the most productive and influential country in this field, with 3059 publications and 89,319 citations. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Mayo Clinic were recognized as the most productive institution and the institution with the highest citation count, respectively. The Journal of Geriatric Oncology was the leading publisher. Kirsten K Ness and James L Kirkland were identified as the most productive and most cited authors, respectively. Cluster analysis identified five key areas: body condition and nutrition, quality of life, frailty, mortality and care, and the elderly and frailty., Conclusion: The relationship between frailty and neoplasms remains a contentious and frequently discussed topic. Our findings indicate that research primarily focuses on cancer, the elderly, clinical trials, adverse health outcomes, frailty assessment, and nutrition., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: In recent years, the prevalence of asthma has gradually increased and the number of asthmatics worldwide has reached 358 million, which has caused huge economic loss. Airway inflammation is an important feature of asthma, and international research in this field has a high degree of heat. Therefore, this paper uses the bibliometric method to systematically review and visualize the literature in this field, aiming to provide some reference value for follow-up related research., Methods: To retrieve the research literature on airway inflammation in asthma from 2003 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection database. The bibliometric method was used to systematically analyze the included literature data by using visualization analysis software such as CiteSpace (6.2. R4) and VOSviewer (1.6.19)., Results: A total of 1892 articles published in 423 journals were included in this study, from 1912 institutions in 62 countries/regions. The number of articles published between 2003 and 2022 showed a trend of fluctuating growth. The country with the largest number of articles published was China (558,29.49 %), followed by the United States (371,19.61 %) and Korea (212,11.21 %). Gibson, Peter G is the author with the highest number of publications, and Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology is the most published journal., Conclusion Subsections: This study systematically reveals the state of the literature in the field of airway inflammation in asthma over the past 20 years. The exploration of inflammatory cell components, pathway molecules and biological agents are research hotspots in this field and should be further studied., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

The concept of impact beam plots (IBPs) has been introduced in academia as a means to profile individual researchers. Despite its potential, there has been a lack of comprehensive analysis that evaluates the research profiles of highly published authors through the lens of collaborative maps. This study introduces a novel approach, the rating scale for research profiles (RSRP), to create collaborative maps for prolific authors. The initial hypothesis posited that each of the research profiles would attain a grade A, necessitating empirical verification. This research employed collaborative maps to analyze the publication patterns of authors using the Web of Science database, focusing on co-authorship patterns and the impact of their scholarly work. The study relied on various bibliometric indicators, such as publication count, citation metrics, h-index, and co-authorship networks, to provide a detailed assessment of the contributions made by each author in their field. Additionally, authors' IBPs were generated and assessed alongside collaborative maps, using a grading scale ranging from A (excellent) to F (lacking any articles as first or corresponding author). The analysis confirmed that all 4 research profiles achieved a grade A, with their centroids located in the third quadrant, indicating a high level of scholarly impact. The h-indexes for the authors were found to be 38, 51, 53, and 59, respectively. Notably, Dr Tseng from Taiwan showed a distinct pattern, with a significant number of solo-authored publications in the second quadrant, in contrast to the other 3 authors who demonstrated a greater emphasis on collaboration, as evidenced by their positioning in the first quadrant. The study successfully demonstrates that RSRP and IBPs can be effectively used to analyze and profile the research output of highly published authors through collaborative maps. The research confirms the initial hypothesis that all 4 profiles would achieve a grade A, indicating an excellent level of scholarly impact and a strong presence in their respective fields. The utility of collaborative maps can be applied to bibliometric indicators in assessing the contributions and impact of scholars in the academic community., Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Background: There are a growing number of studies on the effect of acupuncture on glial cells in the central nervous system; however, there are few related bibliometric analyses in this area. Therefore, the purpose of this bibliometric study was to visualize the literature on acupuncture-regulated glial cells., Methods: On November 23, 2022, regular and review articles on acupuncture and glial cell-related research were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The R package "bibliometrix" was used to summarize the main findings, count the occurrences of the top keywords, visualize the international collaboration network, and generate a 3-field plot. The VOSviewer software was used to conduct both co-authorship and co-occurrence analyses. CiteSpace was used to identify the best references and keywords with the highest citation rates., Results: Overall, 348 publications on acupuncture and glial cells were included. The publications were primarily from China, Korea, and the United States of America. The majority of publications were found in relevant journals. Apart from "acupuncture" and "glial cells," the most frequently used keywords were "neuroinflammation," "hyperalgesia," and "pain.", Conclusion: This bibliometric study mapped a fundamental knowledge structure comprising countries, institutions, authors, journals, and articles in the research fields of acupuncture and glial cells over the last 3 decades. These results provide a comprehensive perspective on the wider landscape of this research area., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to provide an analysis of the career trajectory of the recipients of a Swiss National MD-PhD grant thirty years after the creation of the Swiss interuniversity MD-PhD programme., Methods: The study surveyed 277 recipients of a Swiss National MD-PhD grant using an online questionnaire in April 2022. There were twenty questions about participants' demographics, the duration of their MD-PhD training, their career trajectory, current position, research and clinical activity, the impact of the support on the recipients' careers, and their satisfaction with various aspects of the grant., Results: The study showed that 141 out of the 277 grant recipients contacted returned the survey (51% response rate). The gender distribution of the participants was 33% women, 63% men, 4% unknown, which is almost the same as that of all grantees (35% women, 65% men). One hundred and fourteen (81%) respondents had completed their MD-PhD thesis and were graduates, while 27 (19%) were still MD-PhD students. The mean duration of the MD-PhD training was 4.27 years, with a slight upward trend over time. A large proportion of graduates, 81%, remained scientifically active after the grant, most of them in academic settings. Of the grantees who had completed their MD-PhD at least eight years before the survey, 55% had a paid research position with 40% combining research and clinical roles, and 15% doing research only. Seventy-six per cent remained clinically active, 54% occupied leadership positions, and 25% were professors. Most grantees believed that the grant had had a positive impact on their career trajectory. The main challenges included a delay in clinical training, a limited number of clinical positions with dedicated research time after the MD-PhD period, and sub-optimal recognition by hospital hierarchies., Conclusion: The data collected for this study confirm that the competitive Swiss National MD-PhD Grants Programme excels in supporting promising physician scientists who remain active in both research and clinical contexts in the long term. The individual grants are perceived as a distinction that acts as the basis for a successful career in academic medicine. Continued support and alternative funding sources, however, will be essential to ensure the programme's sustainability.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the discoverability of supporting research materials, including supporting documents, individual participant data (IPD), and associated publications, in US federally funded COVID-19 clinical study records in ClinicalTrials.gov (CTG)., Methods: Study registration records were evaluated for (1) links to supporting documents, including protocols, informed consent forms, and statistical analysis plans; (2) information on how unaffiliated researchers may access IPD and, when applicable, the linking of the IPD record back to the CTG record; and (3) links to associated publications and, when applicable, the linking of the publication record back to the CTG record., Results: 206 CTG study records were included in the analysis. Few records shared supporting documents, with only 4% of records sharing all 3 document types. 27% of records indicated they intended to share IPD, with 45% of these providing sufficient information to request access to the IPD. Only 1 dataset record was located, which linked back to its corresponding CTG record. The majority of CTG records did not have links to publications (61%), and only 21% linked out to at least 1 results publication. All publication records linked back to their corresponding CTG records., Conclusion: With only 4% of records sharing all supporting document types, 12% sufficient information to access IPD, and 21% results publications, improvements can be made to the discoverability of research materials in federally funded, COVID-19 CTG records. Sharing these materials on CTG can increase their discoverability, therefore increasing the validity, transparency, and reusability of clinical research., (Copyright © 2024 Paije Wilson, Vojtech Huser.)

Introduction: This study analysed the trend of publications on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in Italy. It was hypothesised that publications on this topic have quickly increased in recent years due to increased knowledge of both clinical and radiological pathology., Methods: PubMed and Scopus were accessed on 29/11/2023. This retrieved 838 articles from PubMed and 1050 from Scopus. We analysed the top 10 authors, and journals in publication numbers, citation numbers, and citations per year. We have also looked at the top 10 institutions publishing on anterior cruciate ligament from Scopus as PubMed does not give this information in the output. Data mining was performed using the Orange software, Mac version 3.32.0 ( https://orangedatamining.com/ ) from the titles of all articles. A word cloud analysis of titles, authors, journals and universities was performed., Results: The peak of citations was in 2017 with 1529, whilst the peak of publications was in 2019 with 59 articles published. Analysing the number of publications and citations for the journal, the most impacted journal is Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy with 5472 citations and 183 articles, followed by The American Journal of Sports Medicine, with 2722 citations and 56 articles and Arthroscopy with 1990 citations and 62 articles. Considering also international collaborations, the most cited author is Della Villa F. in 2020 with 43.67 citations per year. The Italian author with the major number of publications is Zaffagnini S. with 39 articles, whilst the author with the higher number of citations is Aglietti P. with 1612 citations., Conclusions: ACL reconstruction has gained growing interest amongst the scientific community. Publications and citations presented a rising trend, the majority of the highly cited papers were contributed by few centres, and clinical trials were the most cited study designs. The long-term outcomes of ACL lesions have attracted interest. The authors hypothesised that shortly there will be an increase in articles analysing the results of ACL revisions, the use of lateral extra-articular tenodesis, and meniscus transplants., Level of Evidence Iv: Cross-Sectional Study., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature.)

Objective: To examine the impact of pre-fellowship publications on future research productivity and career placement among head and neck (H&N) surgery fellowship graduates., Methods: H&N surgery fellowship graduates between 2014 and 2022 were identified from publicly available data. Timing of fellowship graduation, number of publications during each stage of education and training, and number of first authorship publications were analyzed for association with scholarly productivity and academic career placement., Results: In our analysis of 409 H&N fellowship graduates, there was a strong positive correlation between the year of fellowship graduation and the average number of publications in residency (R 2  = 0.82) and fellowship (R 2  = 0.79). Graduates producing more than the average of 2.37 publications prior to residency had a significantly higher average number of publications during residency and fellowship compared to those who published below average (p < 0.001). A higher number of publications prior to and during residency were both independently associated with a higher likelihood of academic career placement (p = 0.015 and p = 0.002, respectively). More first-author publications prior to residency were associated with a higher number of publications during residency and fellowship (p = 0.015). In sub-analyses, gender did not impact the average number of publications during residency and fellowship. Similarly, the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly impact the average number of publications during the fellowship when comparing the classes of 2020-2022 to 2017-2019., Conclusion: Research productivity among H&N fellowship graduates has increased in recent years. Research productivity in medical school and residency is associated with scholarly output in later stages of training and academic career placement., Level of Evidence: NA Laryngoscope, 134:3165-3169, 2024., (© 2024 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.)

Background: Expanding access to clinical trials in community settings is a potential approach to addressing disparities in accrual of historically underrepresented populations. However, little is known about the characteristics of practices that do not participate in research. We investigated differences in patient and practice characteristics of US community oncology practices with high vs low engagement in clinical research., Methods: We included patients from a real-world, nationwide electronic health record-derived, de-identified database who received active treatment for cancer at community oncology practices between November 1, 2017, and October 31, 2022. We assessed patient and practice characteristics and their associations with high vs low research engagement using descriptive analyses and logistic regression models., Results: Of the 178 practices, 70 (39.3%) events had high research engagement, treated 57.8% of the overall 568 540 patient cohort, and enrolled 3.25% of their patients on cancer treatment trials during the 5-year observation period (vs 0.27% enrollment among low engagement practices). Practices with low vs high research engagement treated higher proportions of the following patient groups: ages 75 years and older (24.2% vs 21.8%), non-Latinx Black (12.6% vs 10.3%) or Latinx (11.6% vs 6.1%), were within the lowest socioeconomic status quintile (21.9% vs16.5%), and were uninsured or had no documented insurance (22.2% vs 13.6%)., Conclusions: Patient groups historically underrepresented in oncology clinical trials are more likely to be treated at community practices with limited or no access to trials. These results suggest that investments to expand the clinical research footprint among practices with low research engagement could help address persistent inequities in trial representation., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Pertussis has reemerged globally, with rising incidence in China. Controlling this disease remains a significant public health challenge worldwide. This study applies bibliometric methods to analyze global and Chinese research on pertussis, assessing current trends, identifying hot topics, predicting future research directions, and providing guidance for scientific research and clinical practice. Pertussis-related articles from 2000 to 2023 were retrieved from four major Chinese databases and three English databases. COOC and CiteSpace software were used to analyze publication trends, geographic distribution, institutions, disciplines, and keywords, to visualize through network maps. The study analyzed 2,580 Chinese and 5,311 foreign articles and reviews. Pertussis research publications have increased globally, with foreign research peaking earlier than in China. The United States leads in publication volume, while China showed the highest burst of activity from 2019 to 2023. Research mainly focuses on animal experiments, vaccine development and safety, clinical characteristics and treatment, and pertussis toxin. Pertussis research is thriving globally and in China. Future research should emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration across molecular biology, immunology, and epidemiology to innovate vaccines and control strategies. Additionally, continued development of treatment drugs remains crucial as current vaccines do not fully control pertussis.

Despite the globalization of health information, collaborations between high-income countries (HICs) and low/middle-income countries (LMICs), while present, could still increase. This study builds on previous research highlighting LMIC underrepresentation in neurosurgery literature. We conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database to investigate collaborative neurosurgical research between HIC institutions and those in low-income country (LIC)/LMICs. Articles published between 2018 and 2020 were examined. Articles were categorized into 3 groups: guidelines, conferences, and consensus statements; articles related to training and collaborations; and other articles. We categorized articles and authors by country, role, and specific subtopic. We included 238 reports from 34 neurosurgical journals for analysis. Geographic distribution indicated that India led LIC/LMIC contributions (25.21%). Among HICs, the United States had the highest contribution (47.76%). In collaborative studies, Uganda, Cameroon, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Nigeria made significant contributions. LICs and LMICs accounted for 446 authors, while HICs contributed with 592. India has presented the highest number of authors in significant positions. In HICs, significant positions are recognized in USA articles. When scoring authors' position in collaborative papers, still HICs had a clear prevalence. The highest number of collaborations between HICs and LICs/LMICs has been observed in articles related to training and collaborations. Kenya matched India's contributions in training and collaborations. Global guidelines and consensus papers can enhance patient care, but LMICs' involvement remains limited. Further attention to training and collaboration initiatives is needed. This study emphasizes the importance of promoting collaboration and training between countries with varying resources to advance neurosurgical care globally., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.)

Background: Disruption score (DS) is a novel bibliometric created to identify research that shifts paradigms, which may be overlooked by citation count (CC). We analyzed the most disruptive, compared to the most cited, literature in vascular surgery, and hypothesized that DS and CC would not correlate., Methods: A PubMed search identified vascular surgery publications from 1954 to 2014. The publications were linked to the iCite NIH tool and DS algorithm to identify the top 100 studies by CC and DS, respectively. The publications were reviewed for study focus, design, and contribution, and subsequently compared., Results: A total of 56,640 publications were identified. The top 100 DS papers were frequently published in J Vasc Sur (43%) and Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg (13%). The top 100 CC papers were frequently published in N Engl J Med (32%) and J Vasc Sur (20%). The most cited article is the fifth most disruptive; the most disruptive article is not in the top 100 cited papers. The DS papers had a higher mean DS than the CC papers (.17 vs .0001, P < .0001). The CC papers had a higher mean CC than the DS papers (866 vs 188, P < .0001). DS and CC are weakly correlated metrics (r = .22, P = .03)., Discussion: DS was weakly correlated with CC and captured a unique subset of literature that created paradigm shifts in vascular surgery. DS should be utilized as an adjunct to CC to avoid overlooking impactful research and influential researchers, and to measure true academic productivity., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Introduction: National Institute of Health (NIH) funding is a "gold-standard" of achievement; we examined trends in NIH-funded pediatric surgeons., Methods: NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools (RePORT) was queried for American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA) members (2012 vs 2022). Demographics and time-to-award (TTA) from fellowship were compared. Number of grants, funding allotment, award classification, administering institutes/centers, research type were studied., Results: Thirty-eight (4.6%) APSA members were NIH-funded in 2012 compared to 37 (2.9%) in 2022. Of funded surgeons in 2022, 27% were repeat awardees from 2012. TTA was similar (12 vs 14years, p=0.109). At each point, awards were commonly R01 grants (40 vs 52%, p ​= ​0.087) and basic science-related (76 vs 63%, p = ​0.179). Awardees were predominantly men (82% in 2012 vs 78% in 2022, p=0.779) and White (82% in 2012 vs 76% in 2022, p=0.586). Median amount per grant increased: $254,980 (2012) to $364,025 (2022); by $96,711 for men and $390,911 for women. Median awards for White surgeons increased by $215,699 (p=0.035), and decreased by $30,074 for non-White surgeons, though not significantly (p=0.368)., Conclusion: The landscape of NIH-funded pediatric surgeons has remained unchanged between time points. With a substantial number of repeat awardees, predominance of R01 grants, and a median TTA over a decade after fellowship graduation, the phenotypes of early career pediatric surgeon-scientists are facing academic endangerment., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: While mentoring programs have demonstrated success for faculty development, reported rates of formal mentoring programs vary for specific programs as well as academic medical institutions overall. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the overall prevalence of faculty mentoring programs and faculty development offices in anesthesiology departments and at academic medical schools and assess the association between those with mentoring programs and faculty development support and NIH funding., Methods: This study used publicly available data from program and institutional websites to record the presence of faculty mentoring programs and faculty development offices in anesthesiology departments as well as both formal and informal mentoring activities and whether there were offices and deans specifically related to faculty development at the institutional level. Data on NIH funding of anesthesiology departments were recorded from the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research rankings of medical schools and their departments. Cramer's V was used to evaluate the association between NIH funding and the presence of mentoring programs offered by the department and/or institution. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between total NIH funding of ranked programs (categorized as above or below median of funding) and presence of mentoring programs., Results: The study included 164 US anesthesiology programs, of which 33% had NIH funding. Only 10% of anesthesiology programs had faculty mentoring programs and 29% had offices or leadership positions related to faculty development. At the institutional level, 59% had formal mentoring programs, 73% offered informal mentoring activities, and 77% had offices or deans related to faculty development. Seventy-four percent (74%) of anesthesiology departments offering mentoring resources had NIH funding, compared to only 26% of departments without such resources. For anesthesiology departments with NIH funding, departments in the upper median of funded programs were much more likely to have departmental mentoring resources (OR = 1.429.08; 95% CI: 1.721.03-1.9748.99). Departmental NIH funding was not significantly associated with institutional level presence of formal mentoring programs (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.0.23-3.65)., Conclusions: Our findings suggest an association between the presence of faculty mentoring programs and faculty development support with departmental NIH funding, with the amount of funding associated primarily with department-specific mentoring and faculty development initiatives. Our findings support efforts to create formal mentoring programs and establish offices and other support systems for faculty development and suggest, at least in terms of academic productivity, that efforts should be more focused on department-specific initiatives., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Background: This study evaluates the racial distribution in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS) publication authorship and illustrates the impact underrepresented in medicine (URiM) mentorship has on increasing diverse trainee contributions to the PRS peer-reviewed literature., Methods: Articles published in the seven highest-impact PRS peer-reviewed journals within the last 10 years (2012-2022) were reviewed and analyzed for first and senior authors' race and ethnicity, publication year, and citation count., Results: A total of 23,549 publications were identified of which 8250 were from the US-based institutions. A random sampling of 778 publications (∼10 ​%) were scrutinized for first and senior author race and ethnicity. Across all journals, 64.5 ​% of senior authors were White, 29.9 ​% Asian, 4.6 ​% Hispanic, and 1.0 ​% Black. First authors were 59.5 ​% White, 32.8 ​% Asian, 5.2 ​% Hispanic, and 2.6 ​% Black (p=<0.0001). The presence of a URiM senior author increased the likelihood of a URiM first author 7-fold (p=<0.0001); 95 ​% CI [3.5-14.0]). There was no statistically significant difference in the total citation count relative to author race or ethnicity. The Aesthetic Surgery Journal had the greatest proportion of White senior authors (73.6 ​%), while Microsurgery had the highest percentage of URiM senior authors (8.7 ​%)., Conclusions: URiM authorship of PRS publications is limited and mentorship is essential to improve underrepresented perspectives in the PRS peer-reviewed literature., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no disclosures., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)