598 results on '"Bioma"'
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2. TURISMO E PANTANAL: As relações com os objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável.
- Author
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Alves Ribeiro, Magno, Schlemer Alcântara, Liliane Cristine, and Cioce Sampaio, Carlos Alberto
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SUSTAINABLE development , *PUBLIC investments , *INVESTMENT policy , *BIOMES , *CONTENT analysis , *WETLANDS , *ELECTRONIC publications - Abstract
This article aims to systematically review the literature on tourism in the Pantanal biome, with publications from the year 2000 to the year 2021, structuring the most important themes and, later, making an interface between the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, with the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental in the wetland biome. The methodological strategy was based on data collection in the periodicals of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. The 56 searches were managed in the EndNote software, and analyzed by the IRaMuTeQ software that provides textual data analysis. This research shows that the Pantanal and tourism have interfaces with the SDGs, partially enabling the economic, social and environmental dimensions of the SDGs. However, the Pantanal biome lacks public policies and investments aimed at defending its people and its biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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3. Estudo do mapa de percurso articulado ao museu interativo e à Modelagem na Educação como estratégia de compreensão do bioma local
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Yasmin Mascarenhas da Silva, Leodenil Alves Duarte, Valdirene Teixeira Flor Viana, Dilson Ferreira Ribeiro, and Isabel Cristina Machado de Lara
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Bioma ,Mapa de percurso ,Museu interativo ,Modelagem na Educação em Ciências e Matemática ,Interdisciplinaridade ,Education (General) ,L7-991 ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 - Abstract
Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os resultados da aplicação de uma proposta de ensino que procurou desenvolver um olhar sensibilizado sobre o bioma local por meio do envolvimento dos estudantes na construção colaborativa de um mapa de percurso de casa à escola, de modo a propiciar noções e questionamentos sobre a biodiversidade presente em sua região. Tal proposta utilizou o Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul como recurso pedagógico e a Modelagem na Educação em Ciências e Matemática enquanto método de ensino. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, desenvolvida com estudantes do sexto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Os dados foram coletados por meio de pré e pós-questionário, os quais foram analisados com base no método da Análise Textual Discursiva. Como resultado, evidenciou-se que a construção do mapa de percurso contribuiu no desenvolvimento da percepção de que o bioma está presente no trajeto de casa à escola e que a sua relação com o ambiente afeta diretamente o bioma local. Além disso, constatou-se que os recursos possibilitados pelo museu interativo e pela Modelagem contribuíram para a compreensão de conceitos fundamentais para o desenvolvimento da proposta de ensino por meio da interdisciplinaridade.
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- 2022
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4. Padrões e tendências espaço-temporais da ocorrência de queimadas no Cerrado entre 1999 e 2018.
- Author
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Savioli Rocha, Maíra Iaê and Ferreira Nascimento, Diego Tarley
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AUTOCORRELATION (Statistics) , *CERRADOS , *FARMS , *DATABASES , *AGRICULTURE , *ARCHES - Abstract
Fires are commonly used in the Cerrado biome to renovate pastures and clean agricultural land. However, its use is also associated with deforestation and the implementation of agricultural activities. In this sense, the objective of this work is to provide the mapping and subsequent analysis of spatial patterns and temporal trends in the occurrence of fires in the Cerrado biome recorded between 1999 and 2018. For this purpose, the fire outbreaks for Fire Database (BDQueimadas/INPE) were counted according to the microregions defined by the IBGE and analyzed using spatial attributes, spatial autocorrelation statistics and the Emerging Hot Spot Analysis tool. The results showed concentration and high spatial association of fire outbreaks in micro-regions located near the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí and Bahia (MATOPIBA region), in addition to Mato Grosso (Deforestation Arch) and northern Goiás, regions notably recognized as frontiers of expansion of agricultural activities in the biome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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5. El bioma amazónico y el Acuerdo de París: cooperación y gobernanza
- Author
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César Augusto DE LAS CASAS
- Subjects
amazonia ,bioma ,acuerdo de parís ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Se plantea una nueva conceptualización en el modo de abordar la relación entre bioma amazónico y cambio climático, particularmente respecto a la implementación del Acuerdo de París sobre Cambio Climático y a la construcción de una buena gobernanza climática, para lo cual se propone la formulación de los sistemas social-ecológicos Tierra y Amazonia, respectivamente, como dos unidades distintas, pero conectadas para el análisis y la gestión de los problemas descritos, y cuya relación es fundamental para la construcción de la resiliencia. En ese contexto se destaca el papel de los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonia como protagonistas históricos de la adaptación y transformación del paisaje amazónico, dando prioridad a la necesidad de reconocer que las políticas públicas deben ser coherentes al integrar las políticas de mitigación y de adaptación en un sentido transformador.
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- 2019
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6. Conservación de la biota acuática de la Amazonia
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Adalberto Luis VAL
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amazonia ,bioma ,especies acuáticas ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
En las aguas amazónicas existen cerca de tres mil especies conocidas de peces, así como algunas otras especies acuáticas que incluyen algunos mamíferos, como el manatí. Es posible que muchas especies aún no hayan sido descritas por la ciencia. Los peces de esta región se enfrentan a condiciones naturales extremas en sus ambientes como bajos niveles de oxígeno, aguas ácidas y pobres en iones, altas temperaturas, sequías intensas e inundaciones. Los cambios climáticos globales están intensificando estas condiciones ambientales. Además, los cambios ambientales causados por el hombre, que trae consigo contaminantes orgánicos e inorgânicos, se están produciendo en muchas partes de la región. Estas condiciones ambientales representan desafíos para todas las especies de peces que exhiben ajustes en todos los niveles de la organización biológica. Conocer la capacidad adaptativa de estos animales permite diseñar estrategias de conservación de la biota acuática, así como proponer intervenciones ambientales más adecuadas. Por último, es fundamental considerar la importancia de la biota acuática para la plena implantación de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible en la Amazonia.
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- 2019
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7. ATRIBUTOS FÍSICO-HÍDRICOS DE SOLOS DO CERRADO.
- Author
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Carvalho Rocha Sena, Carolina, Cassiano da Silva, Gustavo, Rosa Evangelista, Zeuxis, Nunes, Marcos Euzébio, and Wagner Evangelista Pego, Adão
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PLANT-water relationships ,SOIL moisture ,OXISOLS ,CERRADOS ,POROSITY ,HYDRAULIC conductivity ,SEEPAGE ,SOIL infiltration - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Agrotecnologia is the property of Universidade Estadual de Goias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
8. Stepwise photoassisted decomposition of carbohydrates to H2
- Author
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Puning Ren, Zhuyan Gao, Tiziano Montini, Zhitong Zhao, Na Ta, Yike Huang, Nengchao Luo, Emiliano Fonda, Paolo Fornasiero, Feng Wang, Ren, Pn, Gao, Zy, Montini, T, Zha, Zt, Ta, N, Huan, Yk, Luo, Nc, Fonda, E, Fornasiero, P, and Wang, F
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photocatalysi ,General Energy ,biomass ,photocatalysis ,C–C bond cleavage ,formic acid generation ,H2 generation ,bioma - Abstract
Biomass reforming by harvesting solar energy can provide green hydrogen. Current biomass photoreforming provides H2 erratically and in limited yield although efficiently, owing to intermittent features of solar light and incomplete degradation of biomass C-C bonds. Here, we detour the flaws by prioritizing conversion of carbohydrates to liquid hydrogen carriers (LHCs, consisting of HCOOH and HCHO), appropriate for transportation. Subsequently, the LHCs are fully decomposed, releasing only H-2 and CO2. This stepwise process enables complete scission of carbohydrate C-C bonds, affording 44 g of H-2 per kg of glucose thereof. Intermittent solar light provides the photoenergy and heat to split glucose car-bons to produce LHCs (2.5 mmol h(-1)) in a flow apparatus. This work demonstrates hydrogen production and storage by empha-sizing the complete scission of biomass C-C bonds.
- Published
- 2023
9. Consumo, desempenho, características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo na Caatinga
- Author
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Dulciene Karla de Andrade Silva, Fábia Simone Bezerra Cordeiro, Érica Carla Lopes da Silva, Daniel Barros Cardoso, André Luiz Rodrigues Magalhães, Airon Aparecido Silva de Melo, Kedes Paulo Pereira, and Evannielly Thuanny dos Santos Silva
- Subjects
Bioma ,ICC ,Pequenos ruminantes ,Suplementação ,Volumoso. ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o consumo, desempenho, características de carcaça e a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo na Caatinga e suplementados com dois tipos de fenos: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) ou mororó (Bauhinia cheilanta), com ou sem a associação a palma forrageira (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), e um tratamento sem suplementação (controle). Foram utilizados 30 caprinos machos castrados, sem padrão racial definido, com peso corporal inicial de 19 ± 0,35 kg e aproximadamente 90 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, usando o peso corporal inicial como covariável, em arranjo fatorial (2x2) + 1, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os maiores consumos de suplemento, consumo total de matéria seca (MS), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e dos nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) ocorreram para os animais alimentados com feno de jitirana ou mororó associados à palma forrageira, e maior consumo de proteína bruta (PB) ocorreu pelos caprinos suplementados com o feno de mororó com palma forrageira. Maiores consumos de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foram observados nos animais suplementados com feno de jitirana. Não houve influência das dietas sobre o consumo de MS do pasto, desempenho, pesos dos corte e as características de carcaça. Quanto a qualidade da carne, houve influencia dos tratamentos apenas sobre o parâmetro b* (Intensidade de amarelo). A suplementação alimentar com os fenos de jitirana e mororó, e palma forrageira não proporcionou melhorias no desempenho e nas características de carcaça, bem como não influenciou negativamente a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo em região de Caatinga.
- Published
- 2020
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10. História, ciência e conservação da onça-pintada nos biomas brasileiros = History, Science and Conservation of Jaguars in Brazilian Biomes = Historia, ciencia y conservación del jaguar en los biomas brasileños
- Author
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Franco, José Luiz de Andrade
- Subjects
onças-pintadas ,bioma ,ecologia - brasil ,Latin America. Spanish America ,F1201-3799 - Abstract
Esse artigo trata da história da ciência e da conservação da onça-pintada nos biomas brasileiros. Mostra a relação direta entre a pesquisa científica e as estratégias para a conservação da espécie. As fontes pesquisadas foram livros de divulgação científica, artigos científicos, dissertações de mestrado e teses de doutorado, sites de organizações governamentais e não governamentais, e relatórios de projetos de conservação. A conclusão enfatiza a importância da ciência e dos projetos de conservação na produção de conhecimentos e para promover uma convivência mais harmônica entre populações humanas e populações de onças-pintadas
- Published
- 2020
11. 纤维素基先进功能材料的制备及其应用.
- Author
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黎晶雪, 陈善帅, 马帅帅, 朱万斌, and 王洪亮
- Abstract
Cellulose, as the most abundant and inexpensive biomass resources, is an ideal alternative material for petrochemical resource to produce various advanced functional materials. In this review, recent important progresses in the research and development of advanced functional materials from cellulose were summarized, which mainly focused on the state-of-the-art preparation methods and the most cutting-edge applications. Cellulose-based materials, including mechanical functional materials, chemical functional materials, photoelectric functional materials, with applications in flexible display, drug transport, electronic components template, separation membrane, ultracapacitors, were thoroughly introduced. Challenges and perspectives for the development of cellulose-based materials were discussed with the aim to promote cellulose to be utilized to a higher level in the production advanced functional materials. Keywords [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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12. A climate‐change vulnerability and adaptation assessment for Brazil's protected areas.
- Author
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Lapola, David M., Silva, José Maria C. da, Braga, Diego R., Carpigiani, Larissa, Ogawa, Fernanda, Torres, Roger R., Barbosa, Luis C. F., Ometto, Jean P. H. B., and Joly, Carlos A.
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PROTECTED areas , *CLIMATE change , *MEDICAL climatology , *CLIMATE change research , *CLIMATE change mitigation , *PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation , *TROPICAL dry forests , *ECOLOGICAL regions - Abstract
GLO:FQU/01apr20:cobi13405-fig-0002.jpg PHOTO (COLOR): Vulnerability of 993 Brazilian protected areas (PAs) to climate change relative to (a) number of areas within Brazilian ecological regions, (b) number of areas among PA objectives, (c) area among ecological regions, and (d) area among PA objectives. The ecosystem maintenance pathway (low resilience and low exposure to climate change) should be used alone in only 3 PAs that are highly affected by human activity, mainly in inland Atlantic Forest, and used in combination with refugia pathway in 92 PAs also located mostly in the Atlantic Forest. A more comprehensive consideration of climate change impacts on flora and fauna inside PAs through a method that unifies process-based and niche modeling could be a next step to assess PA climate change risks. The integrity of Brazil's remaining native vegetation within and outside these PAs is imperiled as long as knowledge of the effects of climate change on species distribution and on the community- and ecosystem-level responses to climate change remains superficial (Dawson et al. [6]; Settele et al. [45]). [Extracted from the article]
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- 2020
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13. La importancia de la preservación de los ecosistemas de páramo como fuentes de agua y vida en Colombia.
- Author
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Esper, Yamal Elías Leal
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NONRENEWABLE natural resources , *RESOURCE exploitation , *WATER supply , *ECONOMIC sectors , *HUMAN beings , *WASTE heat , *SPECIES , *FACTORY management - Abstract
This article aims to analyze the ecosystems of paramo as a vital source of water production, in addition, of the great relevance for the progress and subsistence of human beings and other species that depend on them to fully carry out their normal cycle of life, Water is an essential element for development, without it there simply would not exist human life or that of many species that depend on that vital resource, in addition, on the other hand there are industries and economic sectors that also depend on water To supply their daily demand in each of their activities, it is also analyzed how the exploitation of non-renewable natural resources generate great environmental impact especially in this type of ecosystem. The Colombian state has important regulation in environmental matters, which aims at the preservation of ecosystems and oppose that climate change progresses increasingly, within this content it is pertinent to highlight the law 1930 of July 27, 2018 through which provisions are made for the integral management of the moors in Colombia, through this regulation the Colombian government seeks the protection, preservation, restoration and, more importantly, the awareness of the importance of the defense of these natural factories of water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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14. A ESTRUTURA FUNDIÁRIA DO PANTANAL BRASILEIRO.
- Author
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Moreira Braz, Adalto, Souza Melo, Danilo, Vicentini Boni, Paola, and Felipe Decco, Hermiliano
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SETTLING basins , *LAND tenure , *LAND reform , *GOVERNMENT property , *PROTECTED areas - Abstract
The Pantanal is an extensive area located in the Center-West of Brazil, recognized for being an active sedimentation basin, of depression relief with seasonally flooded plains. The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) considers Pantanal as one of the six Brazilian biomes, of national and international relevance. Its main economic activity is agriculture and cattle raising, favored by the characteristics of the relief. The demand for pastures makes land property fundamental in the Pantanal. Thereby, the representation of the land structure is a technique that enables the understanding of the agrarian question that surrounds the Pantanal. The objective of this work was to represent the land structure of the Pantanal, based on a spatial database of regularized properties made available by the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform (INCRA ), motivated by the unexplored potential of geoinformation applied in Agrarian Geography. The results point to a control of the land by the private properties that allows, consequently, the control of nature in the Pantanal, far beyond the public and protected areas. From the cartographic representation, it was also verified that the public properties are concentrated, in general, in the extremities of the Pantanal, as well as the small properties that, in the majority of cases, are concentrated in the limits to the North of the Pantanal. In contrast, large estates and large land holdings control the central part of the biome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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15. On the understanding of bio-oil formation from the hydrothermal liquefaction of organosolv lignin isolated from softwood and hardwood sawdust
- Author
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Paulsen Thoresen, P, Fahrni, J, Lange, H, Hertzog, J, Carré, V, Zhou, M, Trubetskaya, A, Aubriet, F, Hedlund, J, Gustafsson, T, Rova, U, Christakopoulos, P, Matsakas, L, Paulsen Thoresen P., Fahrni J., Lange H., Hertzog J., Carré V., Zhou M., Trubetskaya A., Aubriet F., Hedlund J., Gustafsson T., Rova U., Christakopoulos P., Matsakas L., Paulsen Thoresen, P, Fahrni, J, Lange, H, Hertzog, J, Carré, V, Zhou, M, Trubetskaya, A, Aubriet, F, Hedlund, J, Gustafsson, T, Rova, U, Christakopoulos, P, Matsakas, L, Paulsen Thoresen P., Fahrni J., Lange H., Hertzog J., Carré V., Zhou M., Trubetskaya A., Aubriet F., Hedlund J., Gustafsson T., Rova U., Christakopoulos P., and Matsakas L.
- Abstract
Conversion of organosolv lignins isolated with and without an inorganic acid catalyst (H2SO4) from hard- and softwood (birch and spruce) into bio-oil through hydrothermal liquefaction has been investigated. Furthermore, fractions of the isolated bio-oils were catalytically deoxygenated to improve the bio-oil properties. As elucidated through NMR, both biomass source and extraction mode influence the bio-oil product distribution. Depending on whether the lignins carry a high content of native structures, or are depolymerized and subsequently condensed in the presence of sugar dehydration products, will dictate heavy oil (HO) and light oil (LO) distribution, and skew the HO product composition, which again will influence the requirements upon catalytical deoxygenation.
- Published
- 2023
16. Características e potencialidades dos frutos do Cerrado na indústria de alimentos
- Author
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Amanda Figueiredo Reis and Marcio Schmiele
- Subjects
Compostos bioativos ,Coprodutos ,Bioma ,Pequi ,Araticum ,Cagaita ,Baru ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
Resumo O Cerrado é o segundo maior bioma brasileiro e apresenta grande diversidade de frutos que possuem alto valor nutricional, sabor e aroma característicos, compostos bioativos com propriedades antioxidantes e apelo saudável. O mercado consumidor visa a produtos com apelo natural e funcional, e, pelo fato de haver grandes perdas pós-colheita dos frutos do cerrado, cabe à indústria de alimentos aliar tais propriedades dos frutos à elaboração de novos produtos com valor agregado e maior tempo de vida de prateleira. O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão com o objetivo de listar e caracterizar os frutos do cerrado (pequi, bocaiuva, mangaba, cagaita, baru, murici, mama-cadela, buriti, araticum e guabiroba), apresentando estudos com possíveis aplicações na indústria de alimentos.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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17. Legal Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica Legal): integrating biogeography to public policies towards the conservation of the biodiversity hotspot.
- Author
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de Almeida Cunha, André, Madureira Cruz, Carla Bernadete, and Bouchardet da Fonseca, Gustavo Alberto
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BIODIVERSITY conservation ,BIOGEOGRAPHY ,GOVERNMENT policy ,ECOLOGICAL regions - Abstract
Copyright of Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate is the property of University of Brasilia, Center for Sustainable Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. HIGHER UTILIZATION OF WASTE FROM THE FOOD INDUSTRY THROUGH BIOTECHNOLOGICAL METHODS.
- Author
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GROPOŞILĂ-CONSTANTINESCU, Diana, VIŞAN, Luminița, MĂRGĂRIT, Gabriela, TOMA, Radu-Cristian, BARBA, Dana, and HANGAN, Marius
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WASTE recycling ,FOOD industrial waste ,ETHANOL as fuel ,ANIMAL culture ,INCINERATION ,ANIMAL feeds - Abstract
Until now, the most important way to get rid of food waste was to use it in animal feed. Four methods are used to remove food waste: recovery in agriculture and animal husbandry, incineration, anaerobic fermentation, composting. This paper aims to evaluate new methods of recycling waste from the food industry through biotechnological methods. The wastes that were the subject of the research were the following: apple pomace, bakery waste, milk whey. All these have been processed using the strains of the Biotechnology Faculty Collection in order to determine the potential to obtain useful products of high economical value like bioethanol or probiotics. The experimental yield of 0.26-0.24 l of bioethanol/1000 g of food waste was at the minimum data mentioned in the literature (0.265 l) but justifies the capitalization of this food waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
19. Análisis a la protección del Estado a los ecosistemas de paramo.
- Author
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Garcia Bustamante, Ana Emilse and Leal Espear, Yamal Elias
- Abstract
Copyright of Justicia (0124-7441) is the property of Universidad Simon Bolivar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Distribuição e Importância das Unidades de Conservação no Domínio Caatinga.
- Author
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de Oliveira, Cícero Diogo Lins, da Silva, Ana Paula Alves, and de Moura, Patrick Anderson Gomes
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NATURE reserves ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation ,PROTECTED areas ,CURRENT distribution ,MAMMAL conservation - Abstract
Copyright of Anuario do Instituto de Geociencias is the property of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Geociencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Overview on photoreforming of biomass aqueous solutions to generate H2 in the presence of g-C3N4 based materials
- Author
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E. I. García-López, L. Palmisano, G. Marcì, and E. I Garcia-Lopez, L. Palmisano, G. Marci'
- Subjects
General Energy ,Bioma ,Polymeric carbon nitride ,General Chemical Engineering ,H2 ,General Engineering ,Hydrogen production ,Photoreforming ,Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie ,Photocatalysis ,C3N4 - Abstract
Photoreforming (PR) of biomass can be considered a viable technology under mild experimental conditions to produce hydrogen with a high reaction rate using compounds from renewable resources and waste materials. The application of biomass PR gives rise to both hydrogen generation and biomass waste valorization. The process could be scaled up to obtain hydrogen under natural sunlight irradiation, and research on polymeric carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based photocatalysts has been widely carried out in recent years. The non-metallic-based carbon nitride materials are economical and (photo)stable polymer semiconductors, and their physicochemical surface and electronic properties are optimal for obtaining H2, which can be considered a gas that does not cause major environmental problems. Some hindrances related to their structure, such as the low absorption of visible light and the relatively high recombination rate of electron-hole pairs, restrict the performance; therefore, it is necessary to improve their activity and the yield of the reaction by modifying them in various ways. Various types of solutions have been proposed in this regard, such as, for example, their coupling with other semiconductors to form composite materials. The current mini-review aims to overview the PR field, reporting some of the most interesting papers devoted to understanding the role of g-C3N4 in biomass PR. Information on many physico-chemical aspects related to the performance of the process and possible ways to obtain better results than those present up to now in the literature will be reported.
- Published
- 2023
22. Ocurrencia de fitonematodos en el suelo de árboles frutales en el Cerrado
- Author
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Rodrigues, Kárita Danielle Nunes, Marques, Mônica Lau da Silva, Oliveira, Gabrielly Fernandes de, and Silva, Paula Gonçalves
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Bioma ,Nativo ,Nematodes ,Fertility ,Nativas ,Biome ,Fertilidad ,Fertilidade ,Nematodos ,Native ,Nematoides - Abstract
The Cerrado is considered a biome with a high richness of plant and animal species, constituting a large part of the biodiversity, being represented by its own characteristics with landscapes of different shapes and types. This biome is made up of a diversity of species, including those present in its microfauna, such as nematodes, which are microscopic beings. Changes in soil conditions influence the abundance of nematode trophic groups. Good nutritional management helps to increase the ability of plants to establish resistance barriers, being less susceptible to damage caused by phytonematodes and other pathogens. The objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence of nematodes in the fruit trees area of the Cerrado of the Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres - GO. The selected study area is located next to the Agricultural Sciences block of the Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres. The implantation of the Cerrado fruit trees occurred in 2012, with a total planted area of 60 x 60 m². The samples were collected and later taken to the soil laboratory to carry out the physical and chemical analysis, resulting in a clayey soil with good fertility. For nematode extraction, flotation-sedimentation and sieving methods were used, followed by the sample clarification technique. The presence of phytonematode was not detected in the soil samples collected in the fruit trees area; The analyzed soil showed good fertility, with base saturation (V%) above 50%; Soil organic matter can influence nematode population density. El Cerrado es considerado un bioma con una alta riqueza de especies vegetales y animales, constituyendo gran parte de la biodiversidad, siendo representado por sus propias características con paisajes de diferentes formas y tipos. Este bioma está conformado por una diversidad de especies, incluidas las presentes en su microfauna, como los nematodos, que son seres microscópicos. Los cambios en las condiciones del suelo influyen en la abundancia de grupos tróficos de nematodos. Un buen manejo nutricional ayuda a aumentar la capacidad de las plantas para establecer barreras de resistencia, siendo menos susceptibles al daño causado por fitonematodos y otros patógenos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la ocurrencia de nematodos en el área de árboles frutales del Cerrado del Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres - GO. El área de estudio seleccionada está ubicada junto al bloque de Ciencias Agrícolas del Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres. La implantación de los frutales del Cerrado ocurrió en 2012, con un área total plantada de 60 x 60 m². Las muestras fueron recolectadas y posteriormente llevadas al laboratorio de suelos para realizar los análisis físicos y químicos, dando como resultado un suelo arcilloso con buena fertilidad. Para la extracción de nematodos se utilizaron los métodos de flotación-sedimentación y tamizado, seguido de la técnica de clarificación de la muestra. No se detectó la presencia de fitonematodos en las muestras de suelo recolectadas en el área de frutales; El suelo analizado mostró buena fertilidad, con saturación de bases (V%) superior al 50%; La materia orgánica del suelo puede influir en la densidad de población de nematodos. O Cerrado é considerado um bioma de alta riqueza de espécies vegetais e animais, constituindo grande parte da biodiversidade, sendo representado por características próprias com paisagens de diferentes formas e tipos. Esse bioma é constituído por uma diversidade de espécies, incluindo os presentes na sua microfauna, como os nematoides, que são seres microscópicos. As alterações nas condições do solo influenciam na abundância de grupos tróficos de nematoides. Um bom manejo nutricional ajuda a aumentar a capacidade das plantas a estabelecer barreiras de resistência, sendo menos suscetíveis aos danos causados por fitonematoides e outros patógenos. Objetivou-se com estudo analisar a ocorrência de nematoides em área de frutíferas do Cerrado do Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Ceres – GO. A área de estudo selecionada está localizada ao lado do bloco de Ciências Agrárias do Instituto Federal Goiano- Campus Ceres. A implantação das frutíferas do Cerrado ocorreu em 2012, com uma área total plantada de 60 x 60 m². As amostras foram coletadas e posteriormente levadas para laboratório do solo para realização das análises físico químicas, resultando em um solo argiloso e com boa fertilidade. Para extração de nematoides utilizou-se os métodos de flutuação-sedimentação e peneiramento seguido da técnica de clarificação das amostras. Não foi detectada a presença de fitonematoide nas amostras de solo coletadas na área de frutíferas; O solo analisado apresentou boa fertilidade, com saturação por base (V%) acima de 50%; A matéria orgânica no solo pode influenciar a densidade populacional de nematoides.
- Published
- 2023
23. Modelling fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor
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Maurizio Troiano, Valeria Ianzito, Roberto Solimene, Elvis Tinashe Ganda, Piero Salatino, Troiano, M., Ianzito, V., Solimene, R., Ganda, E. T., and Salatino, P.
- Subjects
attrition ,fluidized bed ,model ,General Chemical Engineering ,bioma ,pyrolysis - Abstract
A compartmental one-dimensional model of a fluidized bed pyrolytic converter of biomass is presented. Reference conditions are those of non-catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass in a shallow fluidized bed with external regeneration of the bed material. The fate of biomass and of the resulting char has been modelled by considering elutriation of biomass and char particles, char attrition as well as bed drain/regeneration. The course of primary and secondary pyrolitic reactions is modelled according to a semi-lumped reaction network using well-established kinetic parameters taken from the literature. A specific focus of the present study is the role of the heterogeneous volatile–char secondary reactions, whose rate has been modelled by borrowing a kinetic expression from the neighbouring area of tar adsorption/decomposition over char. The results of computations highlight the relevance of heterogeneous volatile–char secondary reactions and of the closely associated control of char loading in the bed. The sensitivity of the reactor performance to char elutriation and attrition, to proper management of bed drain/regeneration, and to control of gas phase backmixing is demonstrated. Model results provide useful guidelines for optimal design and control of fluidized bed pyrolyzers and pinpoint future research priorities.
- Published
- 2023
24. Direito, natureza e socioambientalismo: As sociedades tradicionais do oeste baiano
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Andyara Andreza Marques Morais, Prudente Pereira de Almeida Neto, Raimundo Giovanni França Matos, Flávio Marcelo Rodrigues Bruno, and Rubio José Ferreira
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BioMA ,Political science ,Law ,Regional community ,Environmentalism ,Traditional society - Abstract
Este estudo concebe a necessidade de esclarecer a comunidade regional sobre as sociedades e saberes tradicionais do bioma do cerrado no oeste baiano. Compreender os povos e suas culturas, o envolvimento socioambiental, as perspectivas jurídicas, agroecológicas e as inúmeras dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável que se estão no entorno do próprio desenvolvimento do direito das sociedades tradicionais desta região. Para tanto o primeiro capítulo trata da relação entre o homem e a natureza, o segundo capítulo se contextualização a abordagem constitucional sobre o socioambientalismo, na sequência busca-se uma compreensão sobre o paradigma socioambiental da Carta Magna de 1988, no quarto capítulo abre-se um diálogo sobre o Direito Socioambiental e o Direito das Sociedades Tradicionais, e encerra o trabalho a apresentação do Oeste Baiano e suas populações e comunidades tradicionais, não encerrando a pesquisa mas demonstrando a dimensão do horizonte em que ela se manifesta. O trabalho reiterou a necessidade de esclarecer a comunidade regional do oeste da Bahia sobre as sociedades e saberes tradicionais do bioma do cerrado local. Compreendendo os povos e suas culturas, o envolvimento socioambiental, as perspectivas jurídicas, agroecológicas e as inúmeras dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável que se estão no entorno do próprio desenvolvimento do direito das sociedades tradicionais desta região. Com o objetivo específico de tornar realidade as perspectivas de promoção e proteção do direito socioambiental e do desenvolvimento sustentável na região do oeste baiano, sobretudo às sociedades tradicionais locais. This study conceives the need to clarify the regional community about the traditional societies and knowledge of the Cerrado biome in western Bahia. Understand the peoples and their cultures, socio-environmental involvement, legal, agro-ecological perspectives and the innumerable dimensions of sustainable development that are within the very development of the law of the traditional societies of this region. For the first chapter deals with the relationship between man and nature, the second chapter contextualizes the constitutional approach on socio-environmentalism, in the sequence seeks an understanding of the socio-environmental paradigm of the 1988 Constitution, in the fourth chapter opens a dialogue on Socio-environmental Law and the Law of Traditional Societies, and closes the work the presentation of West Bahiano and its traditional populations and communities, not closing the research but demonstrating the dimension of the horizon in which it manifests itself. The work reiterated the need to clarify the regional community of the west of Bahia on the societies and traditional knowledge of the biome of the local cerrado. Understanding the peoples and their cultures, socio-environmental involvement, juridical, agroecological perspectives and the innumerable dimensions of sustainable development that are in the environment of the very development of the law of the traditional societies of this region. With the specific objective of realizing the prospects for the promotion and protection of socio-environmental law and sustainable development in the region of western Bahia, especially local traditional societies.
- Published
- 2021
25. Conhecimento da população sobre frutos nativos do Cerrado brasileiro
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Adrielly Rodrigues Noleto, Ana Paula Nogueira Guimarães, Mariana Caetano Mendonça, Maria Assima Bittar Gonçalves, Miriam Fontes Araújo Silveira, and Adriana Régia Marques de Souza
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Bioma ,Consumo ,Biome ,Consumption ,Centro-Oeste ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Midwest ,General Environmental Science ,Medio Oeste - Abstract
Os frutos nativos do cerrado são, em sua maioria, ricos em nutrientes e possuem grande importância econômica para os Estados onde estão localizados. Entretanto, a população que reside nesses locais nem sempre os reconhece. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o conhecimento da população sobre os frutos nativos do bioma Cerrado. Para isso foi elaborado um formulário online, no qual as pessoas relataram a frequência de consumo das espécies frutíferas e puderam também identificá-las. A maioria dos participantes reconheceu os frutos que foram apresentados, porém, a população jovem foi a que apresentou maior dificuldade. O pequi e o cajuzinho-do-cerrado obtiveram os maiores índices de acertos, e também foram indicados como os de maior consumo, enquanto a guapeva foi o fruto menos conhecido. Em relação aos produtos processados com frutos do cerrado comumente encontrados pelos participantes, o picolé foi o produto mais citado, seguido pelo doce, pela conserva e pelo suco. Foram sugeridos alguns novos produtos, sendo a barra de cereal de baru a mais citada, bem como o salgadinho de pequi, os chips de gueroba, o bolo de buriti e o suco de cagaita, mostrando a grande variedade de produtos para serem pesquisados, processados e comercializados. Los frutos autóctonos del cerrado son, en su mayoría, ricos en nutrientes y tienen gran importancia económica para los Estados donde se encuentran. Sin embargo, la población que vive en estos lugares no siempre los reconoce. Así, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el conocimiento de la población sobre los frutos nativos del bioma del Cerrado. Para ello, se preparó un formulario en línea, en el que las personas informaban de la frecuencia de consumo de las especies de frutas y también podían identificarlas. La mayoría de los participantes reconocieron las frutas que se presentaron, pero la población joven fue la que tuvo más dificultades. El pequi y el cajuzinho-do-cerrado obtuvieron los mayores índices de aciertos, y también fueron señalados como los más consumidos, mientras que la guapeva fue la fruta menos conocida. En cuanto a los productos procesados con frutas del cerrado que suelen encontrar los participantes, la paleta fue el producto más mencionado, seguido de la mermelada, las conservas y el zumo. Se sugirieron algunos productos nuevos, siendo la barra de cereales baru la más citada, así como el snack pequi, las patatas fritas gueroba, el pastel buriti y el zumo de cagaita, mostrando la gran variedad de productos a investigar, procesar y comercializar. The native fruits of the Cerrado are mostly rich in nutrients and have great economic importance for the states where they are located. However, the population that resides in these locations does not always recognize them. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the population's knowledge about the native fruits of the Cerrado biome. To this end, an online form was prepared, in which people reported the frequency of consumption of fruit species and could also identify them. Most of the participants recognized the fruits that were presented, but the young population had the most difficulty. The pequi and the cajuzinho-do-cerrado obtained the highest hit rates and were also indicated as the most consumed fruits, while the guapeva was the least known fruit. Regarding the products processed with fruits from the cerrado commonly found by the participants, the popsicle was the most commonly mentioned product, followed by the jam, the canned fruit, and the juice. Some new products were suggested, being the baru cereal bar the most cited, as well as the pequi snack, the gueroba chips, the buriti cake and the cagaita juice, showing the great variety of products to be researched, processed and marketed.
- Published
- 2022
26. Patrimônio nacional socioambiental: reflexões sobre a proteção do bioma cerrado e seus impactos na floresta Amazônica / National socio-environmental heritage: reflections on the protection of the cerrado biome and its impacts on the Amazon forest
- Author
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Fernando Figueiredo Prestes
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Geography ,BioMA ,Socio environmental ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Amazon forest ,Humanities ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
A presente pesquisa tem como objeto as relações jurídicas decorrentes do §4º do Art. 225 da Constituição Federal Brasileira, que assegura a proteção dos principais ecossistemas brasileiros. A Constituição quis enfocar algumas partes do território brasileiro para concitar que devem ser utilizadas de modo a assegurar a conservação do meio ambiente, por serem áreas frágeis e detentoras de grande diversidade biológica. A necessidade de proteção ambiental nem sempre foi tratada no Brasil como deveria ser e foi longa a jornada percorrida até o alcance do entendimento de que a proteção ambiental é e sempre será necessária como forma de proteção do homem, atualmente, o centro das atenções quanto a esse assunto. A regra consubstanciada no Art. 225, §4º da CF, inaugura, no Direito Ambiental Brasileiro, um tipo de comando constitucional que necessita compreender o Patrimônio Nacional. O texto é pedagógico ao dizer que essas áreas integram o Patrimônio Nacional e indicam que os regionalismos não devem sobrepor-se aos interesses nacionais. O Cerrado, mesmo sendo um dos biomas brasileiros, não foi mencionado no Texto Constitucional. O objeto desta pesquisa é uma análise comparativa com o Bioma Floresta Amazônica, de modo a verificar qual a diferença jurídica quanto à proteção entre esses dois biomas. Dentro dessa temática, este trabalho tem por finalidade conceituar juridicamente o Art. 225, §4º da Constituição e apresentar critérios objetivos capazes de melhor compreender essa regra constitucional especificamente sobre o meio ambiente, embora se considere que o dispositivo constitucional citado não impede a utilização pelos próprios particulares dos recursos naturais existentes nas áreas sujeitas ao domínio privado, desde que observadas as prescrições legais e respeitadas as condições necessárias à conservação ambiental. A pesquisa apresenta técnicas, critérios e métodos de decisão para se procurar entender o objetivo almejado pela norma constitucional do Art. 225, §4º. A linha de pesquisa escolhida é a de conservação dos recursos naturais e desenvolvimento sustentável. O método científico adotado é o dedutivo e, quanto aos meios, a pesquisa foi a bibliográfica e documental com consulta à doutrina, legislação, jurisprudência, periódicos, tratados internacionais, revistas e documentos ostensivos, disponibilizados pelas autoridades federais, estaduais e municipais. Quanto aos fins, a pesquisa é qualitativa.
- Published
- 2021
27. Prospecção enzimática e atividade antimicrobiana de espécies de Penicillium isoladas do Bioma Amazônico / Enzyme prospection and antimicrobial activity of Penicillium species isolated from the Amazon Biome
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Ketlen Christine Ohse, Paulo Alexandre Lima Santiago, Genésio Pontes Batista Junior, Sarah Raquel Silveira da Silva Santiago, Priscila Ferreira De Aquino, Salomão Rocha Martim, and Kemily Nunes Da Silva
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Marketing ,Pharmacology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,BioMA ,Amazon rainforest ,Strategy and Management ,Biome ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Biology ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,Prospection ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Penicillium ,Botany ,Penicillium species - Published
- 2021
28. Expansão e intensificação das culturas agrícolas no Bioma Cerrado na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil / Expansion and intensification of agricultural crops in the Cerrado Biome in the Center-West Region of Brazil
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Verônica Schmidt and Sirlei Tonello Tisott
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BioMA ,Geography ,Biome ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,Forestry ,General Medicine ,Agricultural crops - Abstract
O Brasil está em evidência frente a questões que envolvem o desenvolvimento agrícola e programas de preservação ambiental, destacando-se mundialmente como um dos principais países produtores de alimentos e domínio de regiões prioritárias de conservação, que concentram altos níveis de biodiversidade. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a dinâmica de expansão e intensificação das culturas da soja, milho e cana-de-açúcar no bioma cerrado na região Centro-oeste do Brasil, no período de 1993 a 2012, e sua interface com o ambiente socioeconômico e natural. A partir dos dados secundários, constatou-se uma tendência crescente de expansão e intensificação da atividade agrícola no bioma cerrado. O agronegócio gerou benefícios socioeconômicos e colaborou para a redução do déficit mundial de alimentos, no entanto, também contribuiu na redução da vegetação original. Mato Grosso do Sul e Goiás apresentam os menores níveis de vegetação natural remanescente, permanecendo apenas 23,9% e 34,5%, respectivamente.
- Published
- 2021
29. Canals as invasion pathways in tropical dry forest and the need for monitoring and management
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Rafael Dudeque Zenni, Matheus da Silva Asth, and Renato Garcia Rodrigues
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Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests ,Change over time ,education.field_of_study ,BioMA ,Geography ,Ecology ,Invasion pathways ,Population ,Plant species ,Forestry ,education ,Invasive species ,Clearance - Abstract
Linear infrastructure intrusions are common around the world to meet the needs of a growing and interconnected human population. The implementation of linear infrastructures involves numerous forms and mechanisms of land‐use transformation that can facilitate and serve as pathways to the spread of invasive non‐native species. However, the type and intensity of land transformations change over time and this can affect the frequency and intensity in which linear infrastructures route the spread of invasive species.Here, we present results collected over 5 years of monitoring surveys (2015–2019) to assess the relationship between the construction of one of the largest canals to date in Brazil and the spread of non‐native species. We studied the Integration Project of the Sao Francisco River (PISF), a canal fully inserted in the Caatinga biome, a tropical dry forest ecosystem for which information on invasion dynamics are little known.Our results confirmed PISF canals served as habitat and dispersal corridors for non‐native plant species. Monitoring surveys recorded 26 non‐native species established along the 83.2 km2 PISF deployment area. Eleven years after the canal deployment area was completely cleared of vegetation, 92.3% of its extension had non‐native plant populations. Of the 10 species assessed for their population status, 8 had invasive populations.The time immediately after construction work finished was the critical stage for the spread of non‐native woody plants, which increased their distributions with reduced levels of construction intervention, whereas most of the herbaceous species reduced their distributions. When human intervention was drastically reduced, many populations of non‐native plants rapidly formed at the deployment area.Policy implications. Man‐made linear infrastructures can remove biogeographical barriers and serve as pathways for the spread of invasive species over long distances and across ecosystems. Thus, the planning, construction and management of such infrastructures should include measures and funding for risk assessment, prevention, monitoring and control of biological invasions. Agencies responsible for environmental licensing should mandate invasive species management as part of the installation and operation licensing conditions. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Resumo: Intervencoes provocadas por infraestruturas lineares sao comuns ao redor do mundo para atender as necessidades de uma crescente e interconectada populacao humana. A implantacao de infraestrutura linear envolve inumeras formas e mecanismos de transformacao no uso do solo que podem facilitar e servir como corredores para a disseminacao de especies exoticas invasoras. No entanto, o tipo e intensidade das transformacoes do solo mudam ao longo do tempo e isso pode afetar a frequencia e intensidade com que infraestruturas lineares direcionam a propagacao de especies invasoras.Aqui nos apresentamos resultados coletados ao longo de cinco anos de campanhas de Monitoramento (2015 a 2019) para avaliar a relacao entre a construcao de uma das maiores infraestruturas lineares do Brasil no momento e a dispersao de especies exoticas. Nos estudamos o Projeto de Integracao do rio Sao Francisco (PISF), um canal totalmente inserido no bioma Caatinga.Nossos resultados confirmam que as estruturas do PISF agem como um corredor para a dispersao de especies de plantas exoticas. As campanhas de monitoramento registraram 26 especies exoticas estabelecidas ao longo de 83,2 km² da area de implantacao do PISF. Onze anos apos a area de implantacao ser completamente desmatada, 92,3% de sua extensao tinha populacoes de plantas exoticas. Das dez especies avaliadas quanto ao status populacional oito tinham populacoes invasoras.O periodo logo apos o termino da construcao foi o estagio critico para a disseminacao de arbustos, arvores e uma especie de liana exotica, que aumentaram suas distribuicoes em niveis reduzidos de intervencao no ambiente, enquanto a maioria das especies herbaceas reduziram suas distribuicoes. Quando o nivel de intervencao humana foi drasticamente reduzido muitas especies de plantas exoticas rapidamente formaram populacoes na area de implantacao.Implicacoes para politicas. Projetos de infraestrutura linear podem remover barreiras biogeograficas e atuar como corredores para a disseminacao de especies invasoras por longas distâncias, entre ecossistemas e em um curto periodo de tempo. O planejamento, construcao e manejo dessas estruturas deve incluir medidas e financiamento para avaliacoes de risco, prevencao, monitoramento e controle de especies exoticas invasoras. Agencias responsaveis pelo licenciamento ambiental devem incluir obrigatoriamente o manejo de especies invasoras como condicionantes do licenciamento de instalacao e operacao dos projetos. (Portuguese) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
30. Diálogos entre o bioma local, o museu interativo e a escola: um relato de experiência com o mapa de percurso como meio de aprendizagem interdisciplinar
- Published
- 2022
31. Estudo do mapa de percurso articulado ao museu interativo e à Modelagem na Educação como estratégia de compreensão do bioma local
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Campos de Palmas: um ecossistema ameaçado
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Angela Bernardon and André Brugnara Soares
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Pastagem ,campo nativo ,conservação ,bioma ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
A vegetação campestre do sul do Brasil, também chamada de campos, está incluída em dois biomas brasileiros: o bioma Pampa, correspondente à metade sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e o bioma Mata Atlântica, formando mosaicos com as florestas na metade norte do Rio Grande do Sul e nos estados de Santa Catarina e Paraná. Os Campos de Palmas fazem parte dessa vegetação campestre presente no sul do Brasil, formada por campos naturais, entremeada por manchas ou capões de Mata com Araucária (Floresta Ombrófila Mista Alto-Montana). A extensão dos Campos de Palmas já ocupou grande parte do território de municípios localizados na divisa entre os estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina, próximos ao município de Palmas, PR. Nesse sentido, com objetivo de proteger os remanescentes dos campos nativos nesta área, foi criada em 2006 a Unidade de Conservação Refúgio de Vida Silvestre dos Campos de Palmas (RVS-CP), com 16.582 hectares, os quais abrangem os municípios de Palmas e General Carneiro, no Paraná, e o município de Água Doce, em Santa Catarina, com maior extensão no município de Palmas, PR.
- Published
- 2017
33. NÚCLEOS DE INTERPRETACIÓN INVESTIGACIÓN Y CUIDADO DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE (NI+CA)
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Arango Bonilla, Francisco Javier and Restrepo Aguirre, Juan Sebastián
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biotic ,investigación ambiental ,research ,Forest ranger ,arquitectura del paisaje ,nature ,guarda bosques ,Environmental ,environmental care ,environmental research ,medio ambiente ,biome ,biotico ,investigación ,interpretation center ,atmospheres ,bioma ,cuidado ambiental ,landscape architecture ,centro interpretación ,Ambiental ,environment ,natural ,atmosferas - Abstract
El alto de San Miguel es una reserva natural protectora ubicada en el municipio de caldas Antioquia; este lugar alberga el 10% de la biodiversidad total del país, y también es un sitio estratégico para la reserva hidrográficas del municipio de Medellín, dado que allí es donde nace el Río Aburrá o también conocido como Río Medellín. La intención principal del proyecto es dar un seguimiento constante de la zona, que aporte a la investigación, la enseñanza y el cuidado del Medio Ambiente natural, promoviendo de una forma creativa el medio ambiente, buscando exponer al público el legado natural y cultural del lugar. Con el fin de aumentar la sensibilización y de hacer más eficaz su conservación. Alto de San Miguel is a protective nature reserve located in the municipality of Caldas Antioquia; This place houses 10% of the total biodiversity of the country, and it is also a strategic site for the hydrographic reserve of the municipality of Medellin, since that is where the Aburrá River or also known as the Medellín River starts. The main intention of the project is to constantly monitor the area, which contributes to research, teaching and care for the natural environment, creatively promoting the environment, seeking to expose the natural and cultural legacy of the place to the public. . In order to raise awareness and make conservation more effective. Especialización
- Published
- 2022
34. Plantas medicinais nativas do bioma pampa com potencial anti-trypanosoma cruzi / Native Medicinal plants from the pampa biome with potential anti-trypanosoma cruzi
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Rita Maria Heck, Teila Ceolin, Marcos Marreiro Villela, Jossane da Silva del Sacramento, Italo Ferreira de Leon, and Ana Paula da Paz Grala
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Marketing ,Pharmacology ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,BioMA ,Traditional medicine ,Strategy and Management ,Drug Discovery ,Biome ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Biology ,Medicinal plants ,Trypanosoma cruzi ,biology.organism_classification - Published
- 2021
35. Design and simulation of a novel top-lit downdraft gasifier cookstove and performance comparison with a conventional top-lit updraft cookstove
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Chootrakul Siripaiboon, Prysathyrd Sarabhorn, Chinnathan Areeprasert, Fabrizio Scala, Siripaiboon, C., Sarabhorn, P., Areeprasert, C., and Scala, F.
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Bioma ,Downdraft ,General Energy ,Mechanical Engineering ,Cookstove ,Building and Construction ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,CFD ,Gasifier ,Pollution ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Gasification ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
This study designed and fabricated a novel top-lit downdraft gasifier stove (TLDDGS), which was compared with a traditional top-lit updraft gasifier stove (TLUDGS) in terms of modeling and performance. The experimental and simulation results demonstrated that the novel TLDDGS exhibits a downward-flow configuration. The average fuel consumption measured in the experiments was 4.57 ± 0.933 g/min. The average flame temperature from the experiment was 608 ± 43 °C. The TLDDGS mean flame temperature remained stable throughout the experiment. The O2, H2, CO2, CO, CH4, and N2 in the diluted syngas from the experiment were 16.07, 0.33, 0.66, 2.56, 0.34, and 80.04% by volume, respectively. The total suspended particulates and CO in TLDDGS and TLUDGS were 15 and 28 mg/m3 and 335 and 69 ppm, respectively, which are within the limits specified by the local standard. Thus, the developed TLDDGS is a promising alternative for sophisticated cooking applications because of its superior performance in terms of flame stability.
- Published
- 2023
36. Insetos como Bioindicadores de Áreas Degradadas ou em Processo de Restauração no Bioma Caatinga
- Author
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Welber da Costa Pina and Ariane Costa Agra
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Geography ,BioMA ,Forestry - Abstract
O bioma Caatinga tem sofrido com grandes processos de degradação ambiental, que leva a fragmentação, perda do habitat e a uma crescente preocupação por uma restauração deste ambiente. Os insetos respondem de diferentes maneiras ao habitar gradientes sucessionais, sendo importantes na detecção de ambientes alterados. Por isso, o objetivo foi construir uma pesquisa bibliográfica acerca dos estudos desenvolvidos na Caatinga com foco na utilização dos insetos em avaliação de processos de restauração, regeneração ou sucessão de áreas degradadas neste bioma. O acesso à bibliografia foi feito eletronicamente, buscou-se por artigos científicos, no portal Google Acadêmico e de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES, as buscas foram feitas entre 12/06/17 a 10/09/17 e em abril de 2020. As palavras chaves utilizadas foram em inglês e português e com relação ao tema proposto. Dos 112 artigos selecionados, apenas 18 estudos foram foco da revisão. A ordem de inseto mais estudada em áreas degradadas e/ou processo de regeneração é Isoptera, seguidos pela ordem Coleoptera e Hymenoptera. Todos os estudos apontaram grupos de insetos como bioindicadores, mas os resultados sobre assembleias, composição e riqueza de espécies foram divergentes para determinados grupos. Os trabalhos são pontuais em algumas ordens de insetos, mas aparentemente estão em legítima expansão e, assim, o bioma carece urgentemente de um maior aporte de pesquisas científicas, que permitirá um maior entendimento dos processos que catalisam a regeneração da vegetação nativa e a melhoria na capacidade de manejo de áreas degradadas. Palavras-chave: Degradação Ambiental. Insetos da Caatinga. Restauração Ambiental. Abstract The Caatinga biome has undergone major processes of environmental degradation, which leads to fragmentation, loss of habitat and a growing concern for the restoration of this environment. Insects respond in different ways to inhabit successional gradients, being important in detecting altered environments. Therefore, the objective was to build a bibliographic research about the studies developed in the Caatinga with a focus on the use of insects in the evaluation of restoration, regeneration or succession of degraded areas in this biome. Access to the bibliography was carried out electronically, scientific articles were searched on the google academic and of periodics of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - CAPES, the searches were made between 06/12/17 to 09/10/17 and in April 2020. The keywords used were in English and Portuguese and in relation to the proposed theme. Of the 112 selected articles, only 18 studies were the focus of the review. The most studied insect order in degraded areas and / or regeneration processes is Isoptera, followed by Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. All studies pointed out groups of insects as bioindicators, but the results on assemblages, composition and species richness were divergent for certain groups. The works are punctual in some orders of insects, but it seems that they are in legitimate expansion and, thus, the biome urgently needs a greater contribution of scientific research, which will allow a greater understanding of the processes that catalyze the regeneration of native vegetation and improve the management capacity of degraded areas. Keywords: Environmental Degradation. Caatinga Insects. Environmental Restoration.
- Published
- 2021
37. Uso da Técnica Wavelet para Análise da Concentração de CO2 no Solo
- Author
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Alex César dos Santos, Maricéia Tatiana Vilani, Luciana Sanches, and Carlo Ralph de Musis
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BioMA ,Geography ,Environmental modeling ,Co2 concentration ,Energy spectrum ,Forestry ,Analysis method - Abstract
O bioma do Pantanal e a conservação de seus recursos naturais têm sido o foco de muitas discussões, tanto na comunidade científica como entre as autoridades governamentais. O crescente aumento da temperatura média, e a diminuição do regime de chuvas, surgem como um dos temas mais evidenciados por pesquisadores da área. Entre as variáveis estudadas na região do bioma pantanteiro, uma das mais importantes é a concentração de CO2 que adquire um grande valor em função de sua relação com as mudanças climáticas no Planeta. Para entender melhor o complexo bioma do Pantanal se faz necessária a utilização de diferentes métodos de análise, como as Transformadas de Wavelets, que demonstram as variações locais de potência dentro da série. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo utilizar a análise de Wavelets de Morlet nas medidas de concentração de CO2 do solo, em área do cerrado no Norte do Pantanal Mato-grossense. Através da relação entre tempo e frequência que se analisa o espectro de energia dos períodos sazonais do Pantanal. Sendo assim, foi possível verificar por meio das análises de sinal e espectros de energia, que as estações de estiagem e vazante apresentaram predominância da concentração de CO2, em que as Wavelets simuladas no software do Matlab, tornaram-se satisfatórios. Palavras-chave: Séries Temporais. Wavelet de Morlet, Modelagem Ambiental Abstract The Pantanal biome and the conservation of its natural resources has been the focus of many discussions, both in the scientific community and among government authorities. The increasing increase in average temperature, and the decrease in the rainfall regime, is one of the most highlighted themes by researchers in the area. Among the variables studied in the Pantanal biome region, one of the most important is the CO2 concentration that acquires a great value due to its relationship with climate change on the planet. To better understand the complex Pantanal biome, it is necessary to use different analysis methods, such as the Wavelet Transforms that demonstrate the local power variations within the series. Thus, the present study aimed to use Morlet's Wavelets analysis in measures of the soil CO2 concentration, in a cerrado area in the North of the Pantanal Mato-grossense. Through the relationship between time and frequency the energy spectrum was analyzed of the Pantanal seasonal periods. Thus, it was possible to verify through the signal and energy spectra analysis, that the drought and ebb stations showed a predominance of CO2 concentration, where the wavelets simulated in the Matlab software, became satisfactory. Keywords: Time Series. Morlet Wavelet. Environmental Modeling
- Published
- 2021
38. Invasive alien plants in Sergipe, north-eastern Brazil
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Juliano Ricardo Fabricante, Kelianne Carolina Targino de Araújo, João Paulo Bispo Santos, Daniel Oliveira Reis, and Thieres Santos Almeida
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,BioMA ,QH301-705.5 ,invasive exotic ,Northeast brazil ,Forestry ,environmental impacts ,Alien ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Checklist ,floristic survey ,Atlantic forest ,Biology (General) ,Mangrove ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Global biodiversity - Abstract
espanolLas invasiones biologicas se consideran una de las mayores amenazas para la biodiversidad mundial. Ademas, provocan impactos economicos sustanciales. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre el tema en Brasil aun son escasos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue preparar un inventario de flora no nativa con potencial invasor de Sergipe, Brasil. El inventario se realizo a lo largo de toda la extension de los sitios. Las especies con potenciales invasores se agruparon segun el bioma / ecosistema y se clasificaron segun su habito y origen. Se muestrearon 85 especies con potencial invasor, 43 en la Caatinga, 75 en el Bosque Atlantico, 36 en Sandbank y 22 en Mangrove. De estas especies, 17 fueron inventariadas en todos los biomas / ecosistemas y 36 se observaron solo en uno de ellos, seis en la Caatinga, 27 en la Mata Atlantica y tres en Sandbank. El numero de especies potencialmente invasoras muestreadas en Sergipe es alarmante. El presente estudio mostro casi el doble de las especies enumeradas por otros autores para todo el noreste de Brasil. Este elevado numero de taxones puede ser consecuencia de facilitar la transferencia de estas especies y las condiciones de conservacion de los ecosistemas estudiados en Sergipe. Otro factor muy preocupante es que muchas de las especies muestreadas son extremadamente agresivas y provocan una serie de impactos EnglishBiological invasions are considered one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. In addition, they cause substantial economic impacts. However, studies about the subject in Brazil are still scarce. The aim of the present study was to prepare an inventory of non-native flora with invasive potential from Sergipe, Brazil. The inventory was carried out along the entire length of the sites. The species with potential invaders were grouped according to the biome/ecosystem and classified according to their habit and origin. Eighty-five species with invasive potential were sampled, 43 in the Caatinga, 75 in the Atlantic Forest, 36 in Sandbank and 22 in Mangrove. From these species, 17 were inventoried in all the biomes/ecosystems and 36 were observed in only one of them, six in the Caatinga, 27 in the Atlantic Forest and three in Sandbank. The number of potentially-invasive species sampled in Sergipe is alarming. The present study showed nearly twice the species listed by other authors for the entire northeast Brazil. This high number of taxa may be a consequence of facilitating the transfer of these species and the conservation conditions of the ecosystems studied in Sergipe. Another very worrying factor is that many of the species sampled are extremely aggressive and cause a series of impacts
- Published
- 2021
39. Comparação de imagens multiespectrais utilizando Satélites e VANT para a análise de mudanças estruturais em área de Floresta Seca
- Author
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Josiclêda Domiciano Galvíncio, Suzana Maria Gico Lima Montenegro, Cloves Vilas Boas dos Santos, Magna Soelma Beserra de Moura, Rodrigo de Queiroga Miranda, and Herica Fernanda de Sousa Carvalho
- Subjects
Low altitude ,Atmospheric Science ,BioMA ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Dry forest ,High resolution ,Forestry ,Green vegetation ,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ,Vegetation cover ,Geophysics ,Geography ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Earth-Surface Processes ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
O sensoriamento remoto e uma ferramenta muito importante na aquisicao de informacoes que permitem o monitoramento das caracteristicas estruturais e de mudancas da vegetacao nos biomas, e com o uso de indices espectrais de vegetacao, e possivel a analise de sua dinâmica ao longo do tempo. O presente estudo tem o objetivo de analisar a estrutura da cobertura vegetal em uma area do Bioma Caatinga comparando imagens multiespectrais adquiridas por satelite com diferentes resolucoes e plataformas de veiculos aereos nao tripulados (VANT) de baixa altitude e com câmeras em alta resolucao. Foram realizados voos automatizados nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2019 sobre a area de estudo e as imagens foram processadas para geracao de orthomosaicos. Foram adquiridas gratuitamente imagens dos satelites Landsat-8 e Sentinel-2 para fins de comparacao com o VANT. O vigor da vegetacao verde foi analisado por meio do calculo do Indice de Vegetacao por Diferenca Normalizada (NDVI) e verificado por meio da correlacao entre produtos de alta resolucao e baixa altitude com satelites. Ambos os produtos a partir de satelites mostraram-se eficazes e bons indicadores de vigor da vegetacao, com destaque para as imagens do Sentinel-2 que obteve uma melhor correlacao com as imagens aereas de VANT chegando a (R = 0,7) em relacao Landsat-8 (R = 0,6). Os produtos de Satelites mostraram bons indicadores para monitoramento de caracteristicas estruturais da Caatinga, no entanto, nao sao indicados para avaliacoes de areas com maior predominância de solo, agua ou outros alvos, pois eles podem afetar os valores de NDVI e impossibilitar uma avaliacao mais detalhada das areas. Comparison of multispectral images using satellites and UAV for the analysis of structural changes in a dry forest area A B S T R A C T Remote sensing is a very important tool in the acquisition of information that allows the monitoring of structural characteristics and changes in vegetation in biomes, and with the use of spectral indices of vegetation, it is possible to analyze its dynamics over time. This study aims to analyze the structure of vegetation cover in an area of the Caatinga Biome, comparing multispectral images acquired by satellite with different resolutions and low altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platforms with high resolution cameras. Automated flights were carried out in November and December 2019 over the study area and the images were processed to generate orthomosaics. Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 satellite images were acquired free of charge for comparison purposes with the UAV. The vigor of green vegetation was analyzed through the calculation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and verified through the correlation between high resolution and low altitude products with satellites. Both products from satellites proved to be effective and good indicators of vegetation vigor, with emphasis on Sentinel-2 images, which obtained a better correlation with aerial UAV images reaching (R = 0.7) compared to Landsat-8 (R = 0.6). Satellite products showed good indicators for monitoring the structural characteristics of the Caatinga, however, they are not indicated for assessments of areas with a greater predominance of soil, water or other targets, as they can affect the NDVI values and make a more detailed assessment impossible. of the areas. Keywords: Remote Sensing, Satellite Images, Drones, NDVI, Dry Forest.
- Published
- 2021
40. CO2flux e temperatura da superfície edáfica em áreas de caatinga
- Author
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João Henrique Constantino Sales Silva, Ermerson de Vasconcelos Silva, Teófilo de Medeiros Santos, Alex da Silva Barbosa, Daniel da Silva Gomes, and Sabrina Kelly dos Santos
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Geophysics ,BioMA ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Dry season ,Environmental science ,Forestry ,Computers in Earth Sciences ,Reflectivity ,Earth-Surface Processes ,General Environmental Science ,Vegetation cover - Abstract
As modificacoes que ocorrem na cobertura vegetal da Caatinga alteram a incidencia de radiacao solar na interface superficie-atmosfera. Para monitorar os fluxos de CO 2 , atraves de geotecnologias, surge como alternativa o sensoriamento remoto. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o sequestro de carbono e a temperatura da superficie em areas de caatinga diante de variacoes sazonais atraves dos dados dos sensores OLI e TIRS do satelite Landsat 8. O estudo foi realizado com uma cena referente a estacao seca e outra referente a estacao chuvosa, em duas areas, sendo uma com vegetacao preservada de Caatinga e outra com intervencao agricola, ambas no municipio de Sao Jose de Piranhas, Paraiba. O pre-processamento das imagens se deu a partir da transformacao de numeros digitais para radiância espectral e em seguida para reflectância, ja o processamento ocorreu a partir da aplicacao dos indices de vegetacao e de temperatura, resultando em CO 2 flux e temperatura da superficie. A Caatinga sofreu grande influencia da precipitacao pluviometrica, afetando diretamente a fenologia desta vegetacao. A variacao na temperatura e o CO 2 flux sofreram influencia da sazonalidade, na estacao seca houve um menor sequestro e temperaturas mais elevadas, enquanto que na estacao chuvosa houve um maior sequestro e temperaturas mais baixas. O teste de comparacoes multiplas mostrou que todas as variaveis estudadas apresentaram diferenca estatistica. A temperatura e o CO 2 flux sao influenciados pela sazonalidade. O sensoriamento remoto mutiespectral e uma ferramenta que pode auxiliar no estudo da dinâmica da temperatura e do sequestro de carbono no bioma Caatinga. CO 2 flux and edaphic surface temperature in the caatinga areas A B S T R A C T The changes that occur in the Caatinga vegetation cover alter the incidence of solar radiation at the surface-atmosphere interface. To monitor CO 2 flows, through geotechnologies, they appear as an alternative or remote sensing. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the carbon sequestration and the surface temperature in caatinga areas in the face of seasonal variations using data from the Landsat 8 satellite OLI and TIRS sensors. The study was carried out with a scene referring to the dry season and another referring to the rainy season, in two areas, one with preserved Caatinga vegetation and the other with agricultural intervention, both in the municipality of Sao Jose de Piranhas, Paraiba. The pre-processing of the images took place from the transformation of digital numbers for spectral radiance and then for reflectance, since the processing occurred from the application of the vegetation and temperature indices, resulting in CO 2 flux and surface temperature. The Caatinga was greatly influenced by rainfall, directly affecting the phenology of this vegetation. The variation in temperature and CO 2 flux were influenced by seasonality, in the dry season there was less sequestration and higher temperatures, while in the rainy season there was greater sequestration and lower temperatures. The multiple comparison test showed that all the variables studied showed statistical differences. Temperature and CO 2 flux are influenced by seasonality. Multispectral remote sensing is a tool that can assist in the study of temperature dynamics and carbon sequestration in the Caatinga biome. Keywords: Caatinga, CO 2 flux, Landsat 8, remote sensing.
- Published
- 2021
41. EXPANSÃO DA ÁREA DE OCORRÊNCIA DO LOBO-GUARÁ, Chrysocyon brachyurus (CARNIVORA, CANIDAE) NO BIOMA AMAZÔNICO
- Author
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Thatiane Martins da Costa, Anamélia de Souza Jesus, Thiago Cavalcante, Larissa Gabriela Araujo Goebel, Odair Silva-Diogo, Almério Câmara Gusmão, and Marco Rodrigo de Sousa
- Subjects
Geographic distribution ,Maned Wolf ,Geography ,BioMA ,Ecology ,Amazon rainforest ,Range (biology) ,Biome ,Forestry ,Atlantic forest ,Amazon forest - Abstract
O lobo-guara ( Chrysocyon brachyurus ; Carnivora, Canidae) e o maior canideo da America do Sul, ocorrendo tipicamente em areas abertas de Cerrado, Chaco e Pampa. Sua distribuicao geografica e historicamente limitada ao norte pelas florestas do bioma Amazonico, e a nordeste pelos biomas da Caatinga e Mata Atlântica. No entanto, estudos recentes tem reportado a expansao de sua distribuicao para areas historicamente reconhecidas como limitantes para sua ocorrencia. Neste estudo, apresentamos 22 registros de ocorrencia do lobo-guara para a Amazonia, sendo seis registros oriundos da literatura cinza, seis registros em artigos cientificos em periodicos indexados e 10 registros ineditos, expandindo o limite noroeste de sua distribuicao geografica em 51.178,78 km². A presenca do lobo-guara em areas protegidas e desprotegidas do bioma Amazonico, como reportada neste estudo, pode desempenhar um papel complementar importante na conservacao dessa especie, uma vez que os limites historicos de sua distribuicao estao se tornando cada vez mais permeaveis. EXTENSION OF OCCURRENCE AREA OF THE MANED WOLF, Chrysocyon brachyurus (CARNIVORA, CANIDAE) IN THE AMAZON BIOME. The maned wolf ( Chrysocyon brachyurus ; Carnivora, Canidae) is the South America's largest canid, typically occurring in open areas of Cerrado, Chaco and Pampa. Its geographical distribution is historically limited to the north by the Amazon forest, and to the northeast by the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes. However, recent studies have reported that its occurrence has recently been expanded to the boundaries of its distribution range. In this study, we presented 22 records of the maned wolf for the Amazon biome, including six records from gray literature, six records of scientific articles from indexed journals and 10 new records, expanding the northwest limit of its geographical range in 51,178.78 km². The presence of the maned wolf in protected and unprotected areas of the Amazon biome, as reported in this study, can play a complementary role in the conservation of species, since its historically boundaries are becoming increasingly permeable.
- Published
- 2020
42. A conservação da biodiversidade na Amazônia e a Governança Transnacional Ambiental: o Programa Áreas Protegidas da Amazônia (ARPA) e a experiência local com o Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange (PNCO) / Biodiversity conservation in the Amazon and Transnational Environmental Governance: the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program (ARPA) and the local experience with the Cabo Orange National Park (CONP)
- Author
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Márcia Rodrigues Bertoldi and Ádria Tabata de Moraes Damasceno
- Subjects
Biodiversity conservation ,Deductive method ,BioMA ,Environmental governance ,Amazon rainforest ,National park ,Political science ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Humanities ,Direito - Abstract
ResumoO presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o Programa de Áreas Protegidas da Amazônia (ARPA) como plano de iniciativa global que visa atender a conservação e uso sustentável da biodiversidade conforme o objetivo ambiental da Convenção sobre a Diversidade Biológica de 1992. Em especial, analisa-se a unidade de conservação Parque Nacional do Cabo Orange (PNCO), atendida pelo ARPA que possui um sistema de gestão fundado na governança transnacional ambiental. Para isso, a pesquisa é elaborada utilizando o método dedutivo, o caráter qualitativo e emprega o procedimento bibliográfico-documental para seu desenvolvimento. Dessa forma, seguindo o ideal de governança transnacional em prol da proteção e conservação da biodiversidade no bioma amazônico através do Programa ARPA, com consolidação na gestão local no PNCO, é possível refletir que a participação de diferentes atores sociais (nacionais e internacionais) em unidades de conservação e, sobretudo, o financiamento de projetos, favorecem a cooperação repousada na solidariedade e responsabilidade comum para a salvaguarda de um bem comum.Palavras-chave: Conservação e Utilização Sustentável da biodiversidade. Governança Transnacional Ambiental. ARPA. PNCO. Princípio Responsabilidade. Solidariedade Internacional. AbstractThis article aims to analyze the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program (ARPA) as a global initiative plan that aims to meet the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity according to the environmental objective of the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity. In particular, it is analyzed the Cabo Orange National Park conservation unit, which is served by ARPA, that has a management system based on transnational environmental governance. For that, the research is elaborated using the deductive method, the qualitative character, and it uses the bibliographic-documental procedure for its development. Thus, following the ideal of transnational governance for the protection and conservation of biodiversity in the Amazon biome through the ARPA Program, with consolidation of the local management in the CONP, it is possible to reflect that the participation of different social actors (national and international) in units conservation and, above all, the financing of projects favor cooperation based on solidarity and common responsibility to safeguard a common good.Keywords: Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity. Transnational Environmental Governance. ARPA. CONP. Principle of Responsibility. International Solidarity.
- Published
- 2020
43. Brewer's spent grains as biofuels in combustion-based energy recovery processes: Evaluation of thermo-oxidative decomposition
- Author
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Gil-Castell, O., Mascia, N., Primaz, C., Vásqez-Garay, F., Baschetti, M. G., Ribes-Greus, A., Gil-Castell O., Mascia N., Primaz C., Vasqez-Garay F., M. Giacinti Baschetti, and Ribes-Greus A.
- Subjects
Renewable energy ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,09.- Desarrollar infraestructuras resilientes, promover la industrialización inclusiva y sostenible, y fomentar la innovación ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomassa ,Kinetic analysi ,Kinetic analysis ,15.- Proteger, restaurar y promover la utilización sostenible de los ecosistemas terrestres, gestionar de manera sostenible los bosques, combatir la desertificación y detener y revertir la degradación de la tierra, y frenar la pérdida de diversidad biológica ,Fuel Technology ,Bioma ,07.- Asegurar el acceso a energías asequibles, fiables, sostenibles y modernas para todos ,MAQUINAS Y MOTORES TERMICOS ,Activation energy ,13.- Tomar medidas urgentes para combatir el cambio climático y sus efectos ,Biomass ,Energies renovables ,Valorisation - Abstract
[EN] The high global generation of wastes and side streams from agri-food production has led to environmental impact and causes nature degradation due to their uncontrolled management. These wastes are profitable materials with significant economic value that could otherwise be exploited as new sources in the feed industry or the production of bioenergy. Among them, brewer¿s spent grain (BSG) is a solid by-product generated in the beerbrewing process that consists of the barley grain husks together with parts of the pericarp and seed coat layer. Although it is rich in fibres and proteins, its main use is currently limited to animal feed or simply deposition to landfills. This study pursues the evaluation of BSGs as biofuels in energy recovery processes. For this purpose, the elemental composition, the higher heating value, the content of volatiles, fixed carbon, moisture, and ash yield along with the kinetic analysis of its decomposition during thermo-oxidative combustion were assessed. The thermo-oxidative decomposition of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, and char occurred in two main stages. The average apparent activation energy for Stage I was 190¿200 kJ¿mol¿ 1, significantly higher than that of Stage II (100¿150 kJ¿mol¿ 1). Stage I revealed a random nucleation kinetic model (Fn) and involved the volatilisation of hemicellulose and cellulose and partially lignin. Stage II, described by a three-dimensional diffusion kinetic model (D4), comprised the completion of lignin and the decomposition of char. The environmental advantage of using such residues was demonstrated with the low ash yield (in the range of 1.7¿5.4%) and high calorific value between 17.8 and 19.1 MJ¿kg¿ 1. The obtained results serve as the baseline for describing the energy recovery process in a reactor that uses BSG residues as feedstock under oxidative conditions. Altogether it is pointed out the feasibility of using pelletised BSGs regardless of the malt type or mixture as a renewable source of energy in incineration plants above 500 ¿C., The authors would like to thank the support of Generalitat Valenciana for the APOSTD/2020/155 grant for O. Gil-Castell. The Chilean Economic Development Agency (CORFO) is acknowledged for the financial support through project 13CEI2-21839 for the contract for C.T. Primaz. The European Commission is thanked for the project LIFE-LIBERNITRATE (LIFE16 ENV/ES/000419).
- Published
- 2022
44. MODELACIÓN DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN POTENCIAL DEL BOSQUE HÚMEDO DE MONTAÑA EN MÉXICO.
- Author
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Ortiz, E. and Villaseñor, J. L.
- Abstract
Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
45. ABUNDANCIA POBLACIONAL Y MANEJO DEL JABALÍ (Sus scrofa): UNA REVISIÓN GLOBAL PARA ABORDAR SU GESTIÓN EN LA ARGENTINA.
- Author
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Sanguinetti, Javier and Pastore, Hernán
- Abstract
Population density and management of wild boar (Sus scrofa): a global review to address its management in Argentina. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) is one of the most harmful non-native species whose management is a worlwide priority. However, in Argentina demographic and management experience is practically absent. In this work we reviewed population densities and management results for wild boar in different biomes and habitats at world scale in order to alert about the demographic potential of this species in the Argentine eco-regions and to propose effective management options in each case. We reviewed 162 publications about wild boar populations and 30 about management where the species was native or exotic, inside or outside protected areas, or at islands or in mainland. The mean value of wild boar density obtained from our review was 7 (range 0.01-115; N = 273 records) ind/km2. Most density records (55%) were within 0-3 ind/km2 range, while 33 and 12% fell within 4-13 ind/km2 and more than 13 ind/km2 ranges, respectively. Wild boar is apparently more abundant in tropical and subtropical (rainforest, forest and savannas) biomes, more as an exotic species than as native, more on islands than in mainland, and more within protected areas. The eradication is possible if effective control methods are applied at isolated populations (within islands) or at those recently established, and removes annually 90% or more of the total individuals. Population control is possible if a combination of effective methods removes annually 60-70% of the individuals. Based on the analysis of published densities records and population regulation factors for wild boar, we discuss the potential demographic scenarios for each of the eco-regions in Argentina and the management options to minimize the expected environmental and socioeconomic impacts for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
46. Partição de substâncias húmicas em solos brasileiros
- Author
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Lauana Lopes dos Santos, Julian Junio Jesus Lacerda, and Yuri Lopes Zinn
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humina ,ácido húmico ,ácido fúlvico ,bioma ,uso da terra ,análise de componentes principais ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
As substâncias húmicas (SH) representam o principal reservatório de carbono orgânico total do solo (COT) e sua partição entre diferentes frações de solubilidade em meio alcalino ou ácido pode guardar relação com o tipo de solo e manejo adotado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a partição das SHs, de acordo com profundidade, tipo de solo, bioma e uso do solo no Brasil. Revisou-se a literatura, incluindo teses, dissertações, artigos e resumos em anais de eventos, em busca de dados sobre o teor de COT, sua porcentagem como ácidos húmicos (AH), ácidos fúlvicos (AF) e humina (HU) e a razão AH/AF. Os dados foram estratificados por intervalos comparáveis de profundidades (0-5, 5-10, 0-20, 20-50, 50-100 e >100 cm), biomas (Mata Atlântica, Cerrado, Amazônia, Pampa e Caatinga), ordem de solo (Argissolo, Latossolo, Cambissolo, Planossolo, Neossolo, Gleissolo e Organossolo) e principais usos do solo (florestas nativas, pastagem natural, pastagem plantada, eucalipto, culturas perenes e anuais). Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, correlações de Spearman e análise de componentes principais (ACP). Nos Argissolos, Latossolos e Organossolos, a fração HU contribuiu com metade do COT, tendendo a diminuir em profundidade. Para Latossolos e Organossolos, a fração AF tendeu a aumentar em profundidade. Em Neossolos, a fração AH aumentou em profundidade, embora tenha diminuído em Gleissolos e Planossolos. A razão AH/AF geralmente diminui em profundidade. Pela ACP, não foi possível identificar um padrão de agrupamento das amostras em razão do tipo de bioma e uso do solo, sugerindo que a partição das SHs tem baixo potencial como indicador de efeitos do manejo ou condições ambientais, embora seja útil para discriminar processos de humificação em algumas ordens de solo.
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- 2013
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- View/download PDF
47. RNA-Seq and differential gene expression analysis in Temora stylifera copepod females with contrasting non-feeding nauplii survival rates: an environmental transcriptomics study
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Eric von Elert, Angelo Fontana, Adrianna Ianora, Chiara Lauritano, Diana Sarno, Ennio Russo, Ylenia Carotenuto, Giuliana d'Ippolito, Russo, Ennio, Lauritano, Chiara, D'Ippolito, Giuliana, Fontana, Angelo, Sarno, Diana, von Elert, Eric, Ianora, Adrianna, and Carotenuto, Ylenia
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0106 biological sciences ,lcsh:QH426-470 ,Maternal effects ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,Oxylipin ,De novo transcriptome assembly ,RNA-Seq ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Environmental transcriptomic ,Copepoda ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bioma ,Maternal effect ,Environmental transcriptomics ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Gene expression ,Genetics ,Animals ,Biomass ,Oxylipins ,Gene ,Differential gene expression ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Temora stylifera ,Animal ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Reproduction ,biology.organism_classification ,Copepod ,Protein ubiquitination ,Diet ,lcsh:Genetics ,Phytoplankton ,Female ,DNA microarray ,Research Article ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background Copepods are fundamental components of pelagic food webs, but reports on how molecular responses link to reproductive success in natural populations are still scarce. We present a de novo transcriptome assembly and differential expression (DE) analysis in Temora stylifera females collected in the Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea, where this copepod dominates the zooplankton community. High-Throughput RNA-Sequencing and DE analysis were performed from adult females collected on consecutive weeks (May 23rd and 30th 2017), because opposite naupliar survival rates were observed. We aimed at detecting key genes that may have influenced copepod reproductive potential in natural populations and whose expression was potentially affected by phytoplankton-derived oxylipins, lipoxygenase-derived products strongly impacting copepod naupliar survival. Results On the two sampling dates, temperature, salinity, pH and oxygen remained stable, while variations in phytoplankton cell concentration, oxylipin concentration and oxylipin-per-diatom-cell production were observed. T. stylifera naupliar survival was 25% on May 23rd and 93% on May 30th. De novo assembly generated 268,665 transcripts (isoforms) and 120,749 unique ‘Trinity predicted genes’ (unigenes), of which 50% were functionally annotated. Out of the 331 transcript isoforms differentially expressed between the two sampling dates, 119 sequences were functionally annotated (58 up- and 61 down-regulated). Among predicted genes (unigenes), 144 sequences were differentially expressed and 31 (6 up-regulated and 25 down-regulated) were functionally annotated. Most of the significantly down-regulated unigenes and isoforms were A5 Putative Odorant Binding Protein (Obp). Other differentially expressed sequences (isoforms and unigenes) related to developmental metabolic processes, protein ubiquitination, response to stress, oxidation-reduction reactions and hydrolase activities. DE analysis was validated through Real Time-quantitative PCR of 9 unigenes and 3 isoforms. Conclusions Differential expression of sequences involved in signal detection and transduction, cell differentiation and development offered a functional interpretation to the maternally-mediated low naupliar survival rates observed in samples collected on May 23rd. Down-regulation of A5 Obp along with higher quantities of oxylipins-per-litre and oxylipins-per-diatom-cell observed on May 23rd could suggest oxylipin-mediated impairment of naupliar survival in natural populations of T. stylifera. Our results may help identify biomarker genes explaining variations in copepod reproductive responses at a molecular level.
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- 2020
48. FEIJÃO-DE-PORCO E BRAQUIÁRIA CULTIVADOS EM SISTEMA SOLTEIRO E CONSORCIADO
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Franciele Caroline de Assis Valadão, Marcionilio Caetano de Souza Neto, Daniel Dias Valadão Júnior, and Maíra Rizzi
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0106 biological sciences ,BioMA ,Soil cover ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Brachiaria ,Nutrient content ,Horticulture ,Canavalia ensiformis ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Urochloa ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Root density - Abstract
Alguns fatores impedem que o Sistema de Plantio Direto (SPD) seja adotado em larga escala no Cerrado, dentro dos quais destacam-se a alta temperatura e alta pluviosidade característico do bioma que dificultam a manutenção da palhada sobre o solo e obtenção do verdadeiro SPD. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o melhor arranjo entre feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformis) e braquiária (Urochloa ruziziensis), quando cultivados com a finalidade de plantas de cobertura. O experimento foi implantado em Latossolo Vermelho de textura argilosa em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e cinco tratamentos sendo: cultivo solteiro de braquiária; cultivo solteiro de feijão-de-porco; 25% de braquiária + 75% de feijão-de-porco; 50% de braquiária + 50% de feijão-de-porco; 75% de braquiária + 25% de feijão-de-porco. Avaliou-se a taxa de cobertura do solo, densidade de raiz, acúmulo de fitomassa, teor e acúmulo de nutrientes, decomposição, tempo de meia vida (T½) e ciclagem de nutrientes pelas palhadas. Todos os tratamentos proporcionaram a taxa de 100% de cobertura. A relação N e C foi inversa nos tratamentos, sendo que os com maior presença de feijão-de-porco apresentaram maior teor de N e os com mais braquiária apresentaram maior teor C. O consórcio 50% braquiária + 50% feijão-de-porco se mostrou o arranjo mais favorável entre as duas espécies, visto que apresentou valores intermediários de taxa de cobertura, acúmulo e decomposição de massa seca e nutrientes, mantendo presente no sistema as características de ambas espécies. Palavras-chave: Canavalia ensiformis; plantas de cobertura; sistema de plantio direto; Urochloa ruziziensis. JACK BEANS AND BRACHIARIA CULTIVATED IN A SINGLE AND CONSORTIUM SYSTEM ABSTRACT: Some factors prevent the No-Tillage System from being widely adopted in the Cerrado, among which the high temperature and high rainfall characteristic of the biome stand out, making it difficult to maintain the straw over the soil and obtain the true No-Tillage System. The objective of this work was to determine the best arrangement between jack beans (Canavalia ensiformis) and brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis), when cultivated with the purpose of cover crops. The experiment was carried out in a clayey Latossolo Vermelho in randomized blocks with four replications and five treatments: single brachiaria cultivation; single cultivation of jack beans; 25% brachiaria + 75% jack beans; 50% brachiaria + 50% jack beans; 75% brachiaria + 25%jack beans. The soil cover rate, root density, phytomass accumulation, nutrient content and accumulation, decomposition, half-life (T½) and nutrient cycling through straw were evaluated. All treatments provided a 100% coverage rate. The N and C ratio was inverse in the treatments, with those with a higher presence of jack beans having a higher N content and those with more brachiaria having a higher C level. The consortium 50% brachiaria + 50% jack beans proved to be the most favorable arrangement between the two species, since it presented intermediate values of coverage rate, accumulation and decomposition of dry mass and nutrients, keeping the characteristics of both species present in the system. Keywords: Canavalia ensiformis; cover crops; no-tillage system; Urochloa ruziziensis.
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- 2020
49. Comparison of Galdieria growth and photosynthetic activity in different culture systems
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Antonino Pollio, Michael Melkonian, Dora Allegra Carbone, Giuseppe Olivieri, Carbone, D. A., Olivieri, G., Pollio, A., and Melkonian, M.
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0106 biological sciences ,Bio Process Engineering ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,Rare earth ,Biophysics ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Biomass ,Photobioreactor ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,photobioreactors ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Galdieria sulphuraria ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,010608 biotechnology ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,Bioreactor ,Phycobilin ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biomass ,Chemistry ,Pulp and paper industry ,comparison ,bioma ,Sewage treatment ,Original Article - Abstract
In the last years, the acidothermophilic red microalga Galdieria sulphuraria has been increasingly studied for industrial applications such as wastewater treatment, recovery of rare earth elements, production of phycobilins. However, even now it is not possible an industrial cultivation of this organism because biotechnological research on G. sulphuraria and allied species is relatively recent and fragmented. Having in mind a possible scale-up for commercial applications, we have compared the growth and photosynthetic performance of G. sulphuraria in four suspended systems (Inclined bubble column, Decanter Laboratory Flask, Tubular Bioreactor, Ultra-flat plate bioreactor) and one immobilized system (Twin Layer Sytem). The results showed that G. sulphuraria had the highest growth, productivity and photosynthetic performance, when grown on the immobilized system, which also offers some economics advantages.
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- 2020
50. Aportes de la palinología al conocimiento de los embalsados holocenos de Corrientes, Argentina
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Lionel Edgar Fernandez Pacella and Mercedes di Pasquo
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Palynology ,Aquatic species ,Geography ,BioMA ,Parana river ,Warm water ,Paleontology ,Forestry ,Oxygen deficit ,Central region ,Holocene - Abstract
Contribution of the palynology to the knowledge of embalsados in the Holocene of Corrientes, Argentina. Floating or embalsados islands in warm water bodies have few studies and share some structural properties with temperate-cold weather peat bogs for which there is more information. In Argentina, the references are reduced to the middle and lower courses of the Parana River, where the embalsados have a low frequency. The palynological analyzes carried out in the San Cristobal, Cue and Miranda lakes aim to increase knowledge about the development of this biome in the Holocene of northeastern Ibera, central region of Corrientes Province. Three cores of the bottom of the lakes were obtained and the ages were estimated by applying the age-depth model calibrated with radiocarbon dates. The qualitative-quantitative analysis of 38 palynological associations allowed the distinction of two intervals. Between 4300 and 3600 years cal BP, the vegetation was dominated by herbaceous species of angiosperms and chlorophycean algae representatives of aquatic environments, marshes and reed beds and to a lesser extent by dammed-forming species. From 3500 years cal BP onwards, the frequency and variety of aquatic species of angiosperms and chlorophycean algae decreases and the predominance of grassland species and colonizers of water mirrors increases. This change suggests the development of embalsados with the formation of organic soils in the Late Holocene, probably as a result of a greater clogging of lakes and reduction of water mirror with oxygen deficit and water acidity. Keywords: embalsados, Holocene, Corrientes, palynology, reconstruction. As ilhas flutuantes ou “balsas” em corpos de agua quentes tem poucos estudos e compartilham algumas propriedades estruturais com turfeiras de clima temperado frio, para as quais ha mais informacoes. Na Argentina, as referencias sao reduzidas as regioes media e baixa do Rio Parana, onde os embalsados tem baixa frequencia. As analises palinologicas realizadas nos lagos San Cristobal, Cue e Miranda tem por objetivo aumentar o conhecimento sobre o desenvolvimento desse bioma no Holoceno do nordeste de Ibera, regiao central da Provincia de Corrientes. Foram obtidas 38 amostras de tres testemunhos no fundo dos lagos e as idades estimadas pela aplicacao do modelode profundidade-idade, calibradas com as datacoes radiocarbonicas. A analise qualitativa-quantitativa das associacoes palinologicas permitiu a distincao de dois intervalos. Entre 4300 e 3600 anos cal AP, a vegetacao estava dominada por especies herbaceas de angiospermas e algas cloroficeas, representantes de ambientes aquaticos, palustres, juncais e, em menor grau, por especies formadoras de embalsados. A partir de 3.500 anos cal AP, a frequencia e a variedade de especies aquaticas de angiospermas e algas cloroficeas diminui, e a predominância de especies de pastagens e colonizadoras de corpos d’agua aumenta. Essa mudanca sugere o desenvolvimento de embalsados com a formacao de solos orgânicos no Neo-holoceno, provavelmente como consequencia de maior colmatacao das lagoas, reducao do espelho d’agua, deficit de oxigenio e acidez da agua. Palavras-chave: embalsados, Holoceno, Corrientes, palinologia, reconstrucao.
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- 2020
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