1. Biopesticide spinosad: Unraveling ecotoxicological effects on zebrafish, Danio rerio.
- Author
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Amaral I, Antunes SC, Rebelo D, Carvalho AP, and Rodrigues S
- Subjects
- Animals, Biological Control Agents toxicity, Biomarkers metabolism, Insecticides toxicity, Oxidative Stress drug effects, Acetylcholinesterase metabolism, Zebrafish, Macrolides toxicity, Drug Combinations, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity, Lipid Peroxidation drug effects
- Abstract
Biopesticides are natural compounds considered more safe and sustainable for the environment. Spinosad (SPI) is a bioinsecticide used in marketed worldwide, to eradicate a variety of pests. This study aimed to assess the impacts of the SPI on the non-target organism zebrafish (Danio rerio). Several concentrations of SPI were tested to evaluate the acute (0.07-1.0 mg/L) and chronic (0.006-0.100 mg/L) ecotoxicological effects. To evaluate sub-individual effects, antioxidant defense, lipid peroxidation, energy sources, and cholinergic biomarkers were quantified. In both exposures, SPI induced significant effects on antioxidant defense indicating oxidative stress, disrupting energy pathways, and exhibiting neurotoxic effects, under environmentally relevant conditions. Integrated Biomarker Response (IBRv2) showed that with increasing SPI concentrations, an increase in impacts on organisms was recorded. This study demonstrates the vulnerability of a non-target organism to SPI, a bioinsecticide considered environmentally safe. Further research is essential to fully understand the implications of spinosad to aquatic biota., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests Sara Rodrigues reports financial support was provided by Foundation for Science and Technology. Daniela Rebelo reports financial support was provided by Foundation for Science and Technology. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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