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In recent years, vaping has increased in both popularity and ease of access. This has led to an outbreak of a relatively new condition known as e-cigarette/vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI). This injury can be caused by physical interactions between the pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the lungs and toxins typically found in vaping solutions, such as medium chain triglycerides (MCT). MCT has been largely used as a carrier agent within many cannabis products commercially available on the market. Pulmonary surfactant ensures proper respiration by maintaining low surface tensions and interface stability throughout each respiratory cycle. Therefore, any impediments to this system that negatively affect the efficacy of this function will have a strong hindrance on the individual’s quality of life. Herein, neutron spin echo (NSE) and Langmuir trough rheology were used to probe the effects of MCT on the mechanical properties of pulmonary surfactant. Alongside a porcine surfactant extract, two lipid-only mimics of progressing complexity were used to study MCT effects in a range of systems that are representative of endogenous surfactant. MCT was shown to have a greater biophysical effect on bilayer systems compared to monolayers, which may align with biological data to propose a mechanism of surfactant inhibition by MCT oil.

The function of vitamin E in biomembranes remains a prominent topic of discussion. As its limitations as an antioxidant persist and novel functions are discovered, our understanding of the role of vitamin E becomes increasingly enigmatic. As a group of lipophilic molecules (tocopherols and tocotrienols), vitamin E has been shown to influence the properties of its host membrane, and a wealth of research has connected vitamin E to polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) lipids. Here, we use contrast-matched small-angle neutron scattering and differential scanning calorimetry to integrate these fields by examining the influence of vitamin E on lipid domain stability in PUFA-based lipid mixtures. The influence of α-tocopherol, ?-tocopherol, and α-tocopherylquinone on the lateral organization of a 1:1 lipid mixture of saturated distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) and polyunsaturated palmitoyl-linoleoylphosphatidylcholine (PLiPC) with cholesterol provides a complement to our growing understanding of the influence of tocopherol on lipid phases. Characterization of domain melting suggests a slight depression in the transition temperature and a decrease in transition cooperativity. Tocopherol concentrations that are an order of magnitude higher than anticipated physiological concentrations (2 mol percent) do not significantly perturb lipid domains; however, addition of 10 mol percent is able to destabilize domains and promote lipid mixing. In contrast to this behavior, increasing concentrations of the oxidized product of α-tocopherol (α-tocopherylquinone) induces a proportional increase in domain stabilization. We speculate how the contrasting effect of the oxidized product may supplement the antioxidant response of vitamin E.

Pancratistatin (PST) and narciclasine (NRC) are natural therapeutic agents that exhibit specificity toward the mitochondria of cancerous cells and initiate apoptosis. Unlike traditional cancer therapeutic agents, PST and NRC are effective, targeted, and have limited adverse effects on neighboring healthy, noncancerous cells. Currently, the mechanistic pathway of action for PST and NRC remains elusive, which in part inhibits PST and NRC from becoming efficacious therapeutic alternatives. Herein, we use neutron and x-ray scattering in combination with calcein leakage assays to characterize the effects of PST, NRC, and tamoxifen (TAM) on a biomimetic model membrane. We report an increase in lipid flip-flop half-times (t1/2) (≈12.0%, ≈35.1%, and a decrease of ≈45.7%) with 2 mol percent PST, NRC, and TAM respectively. An increase in bilayer thickness (≈6.3%, ≈7.8%, and ≈7.8%) with 2 mol percent PST, NRC, and TAM, respectively, was also observed. Lastly, increases in membrane leakage (≈31.7%, ≈37.0%, and ≈34.4%) with 2 mol percent PST, NRC, and TAM, respectively, were seen. Considering the maintenance of an asymmetric lipid composition across the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) is crucial to eukaryotic cellular homeostasis and survival, our results suggest PST and NRC may play a role in disrupting the native distribution of lipids within the OMM. A possible mechanism of action for PST- and NRC-induced mitochondrial apoptosis is proposed via the redistribution of the native OMM lipid organization and through OMM permeabilization.

Each year more than 3,000 Canadians are diagnosed with brain cancers like glioblastoma multiforme or recurrent head and neck cancers which are difficult to treat with conventional radiotherapy techniques. One of the most clinically promising treatments for these cancers is boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). This procedure involves selectively introducing a boron delivery agent into tumor cells and irradiating them with a neutron beam, which kills the cancer cells due to the high-LET radiation produced by the 10B(n,α)7Li capture reaction. The theory of BNCT has been around for a long time since 1936, but has historically been limited by poor boron delivery agents and nonoptimal neutron source facilities. Although significant improvements have been made in both of these domains, it is mainly the advancements of accelerator-based neutron sources that has led to the expansion of over 20 new BNCT facilities worldwide in the past decade. Additionally in this work, PHITS (Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System) simulations, in collaboration with the University of Tsukuba, were performed to examine the effectiveness of the Ibaraki-Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (iBNCT) beam shaping assembly (BSA) to moderate a neutron beam suitable for BNCT at the proposed PC-CANS (Prototype Canadian Compact Accelerator-based Neutron Source) site, which uses a similar but slightly higher energy 10 MeV proton accelerator with a 1 mA average current. The advancements of compact acceleratorbased neutron sources in recent decades has enabled significant improvements in BNCT technologies, allowing it to become a more viable clinical treatment option.

The objective of this scoping review is to explore the knowledge regarding the effects of olfactory stimuli and the emotional processing network in brain imaging studies, to outline possible gaps in the current literature and described the methodology used.

Objetivo: O objetivo dessa revisão de escopo é descrever a modulação do sistema imune pelo óleo de andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl.) na inflamação e na cicatrização de feridas. Introdução: O óleo de andiroba, extraído da semente da Carapa guianensis Aubl., possui diversas aplicações na saúde humana, tanto de uso tradicional por comunidades no Norte e Nordeste do Brasil quanto no âmbito científico, perpassando diversos efeitos terapêuticos, em especial, como anti-inflamatório e cicatrizante. Entretanto, há carência de estudos que retratem os mecanismos imunitários por trás de seus efeitos. Critérios de inclusão: Serão incluídos estudos estudos experimentais, incluindo ensaios clínicos randomizados e não randomizados e ensaios pré-clínicos, publicados e não publicados, considerando o acrônimo PCC para revisões de escopo: os participantes serão modelos animais ou celulares in vivo ou in vitro e seres humanos; o conceito será a modulação do sistema imune pelo óleo de andiroba e o contexto será as diversas aplicações terapêuticas do óleo de andiroba que perpassem as propriedades anti-inflamatórias e cicatrizantes em seus diversos contextos. Métodos: A revisão de escopo será conduzida conforme as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI). As fontes de informação incluem bases de dados e fontes de literatura cinzenta mundial que incluam dissertações e teses. A revisão será conduzida entre dezembro de 2022 e fevereiro de 2023. A seleção das fontes de informação será realizada por dois revisores independentes de forma cega pelo aplicativo Rayyan, as fontes potencialmente relevantes serão recuperadas na íntegra e seus detalhes de citação importados para a aplicação Google Docs. A lista de referência de todas as fontes de evidência incluídas será selecionada para estudos adicionais. Serão incluídos estudos publicados em inglês, português e espanhol. A extração de dados será realizada a partir de um formulário próprio na aplicação Google Spreadsheets contendo detalhes sobre os estudos incluídos que, então, serão apresentados em resumo narrativo, tabelas e figuras, compondo o texto final redigido conforme o checklist PRISMA extensão para revisões de escopo.

Histone modifications are an inherent component of epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression by inducing euchromatin or heterochromatin conformation to the chromatin. These modifications include methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, phosphorylation, sumoylation and crotonylation. Histone acetylation is generally associated with increased gene expression. This type of histone modification is mediated and reversed by histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases, respectively. Endogenous and exogenous factors can affect the state of histone methylation. One highly important factor is malignant neoplasms, which are known to alter the enrichment of acetylation within the promoters or enhancers of many genes. Today, cancer is increasingly being treated by modalities that incorporate nanoparticles as sensitizing agents or carriers. This type of oncotherapeutic approaches can induce changes in the status of histone acetylation. Considering that this has never been systematically addressed, we sought to explore the effects of nanoparticle-based therapeutic intervention on histone acetylation in cancer.

I will be performing a systematic review of the literature detailing known epigenetic changes in Nephrotic Syndrome in human, animal or in vitro studies.

Cellular membranes are responsible for absorbing the effects of external perturbants for the cell’s survival. Such perturbants include small ubiquitous molecules like n-alcohols which were observed to exhibit anesthetic capabilities, with this effect tapering off at a cut-off alcohol chain length. To explain this cut-off effect and complement prior biochemical studies, we investigated a series of nalcohols (with carbon lengths 2-18) and their impact on several bilayer properties, including lipid flip-flop, intervesicular exchange, diffusion, membrane bending rigidity and more. To this end, we employed an array of biophysical techniques such as time-resolved small angle neutron scattering (TRSANS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), all atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and calcein leakage assays. At an alcohol concentration of 30 mol % of the overall lipid content, TR-SANS showed 1-hexanol (C6OH) increased transverse lipid diffusion, i.e. flip-flop. As alcohol chain length increased from C6 to C10 and longer, lipid flip-flop slowed by factors of 5.6 to 32.2. Intervesicular lipid exchange contrasted these results with only a slight cut-off at alcohol concentrations of 30 mol % but not 10 mol %. SAXS, MD simulations, and leakage assays revealed changes to key bilayer properties, such as bilayer thickness and fluidity, that correlate well with the effects on lipid flip-flop rates. Finally, we tie our results to a defect-mediated pathway for alcohol-induced lipid flip-flop.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incapacitating age-related neurodegenerative disease that affects 43.8 million people worldwide (1). Although, our current understandings for the mechanisms of action behind cognitive dysfunction in AD is limited, various novel therapeutic approaches that have been explored to counteract memory impairment and overall health decline. It has been well established that physical activity improves cognition, especially spatial learning, executive functions, processing speed, and memory (2, 3). Specifically, it has been documented that exercise activates several signaling pathways that contributes to neuronal health (4). One of which that has garnered significant interest recently is irisin – a circulating myokine produced from the cleavage product of the fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). Studies have found that irisin is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and upregulated following physical exercise (5-7). Irisin is believed to play a key role in mediating the neuroprotective actions of exercise in mouse models of AD. Specifically, post-mortem hippocampi tissue and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients show decreased irisin levels, suggesting that that irisin may represent an alternative biomarker of AD (8). Furthermore, blocking irisin is revealed to inhibit the neuroprotective effects of physical exercise on memory and synaptic plasticity (8). Recent research has suggested that blood irisin is not only present in serum but also extracellular vesicles (9). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound vesicles released by various cell types and found in body fluids, including blood. EVs can transport various bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and play important roles in intercellular communication. Studies have shown that EVs can transfer irisin between cells, and that the amount of irisin carried by EVs can be regulated by exercise (10). Based on evidence that exercise stimulates EVs release and irisin production by the muscle, this study aims to test the hypothesis that exercise would increase circulating irisin (free and in EVs), resulting in beneficial effects in cognition.

The review synthesizes the downstream path of sebaceous immunobiology from melatonin synthesis to mitochondrial pathway in adenosine triphosphatase. With the upstream mitochondria and lipid factors in steroidgenesis, the review summarizes the induction on the autoimmune pathogen from SARS-CoV-2 S2 protein.

Introduction: Cancer affects thousands of people worldwide. Its treatment difficulty is due to several factors, including the non-specificity of chemotherapy. This non-specificity also occurs in pharmacological development, due to the use of traditional methods, cell culture, and animal testing, which do not reproduce the microenvironment adequately, due to the lack of similarity with the human physiological system. The use of tissue engineering techniques, such as 3D bioprinting, increases tissue mimicry capacity, structurally and physiologically, presenting more relevant and accurate results, and providing safety and great therapeutic potential to new drugs tested in vitro. Objective: To understand the use of 3D tumor models in the development of chemotherapy drugs, identify their application, and infer advantages and disadvantages. Method: This is a scoping review, with articles in English, from 2002 to 2022, from the BVS and PubMed databases, following the 2018 PRISMA Scoping Review layout. Results: There is an excellent difference between preclinical results in tumor models compared to traditional models, in addition to presenting promising advances in tissue representation in a similar way to what occurs in vivo, with the assignment of other techniques and materials. Conclusion: The applicability of 3D tissues proved to be effective in preclinical tests and analyzes in the development of new chemotherapy drugs. With greater physiological similarity, the created environment becomes exceptional for pharmacological sensitivity and cytotoxicity tests. The results presented show the difference in the results found when applying these tests in traditional models and 3D models, demonstrating that three-dimensional models are more sensitive to the effects of chemotherapy, in addition to better cytological responses and systemic analysis

The goal of the research is to examine recent advancements in both invasive and non-invasive techniques for determining glucose levels in the body, and to assess commercially available options for diabetic patients.

The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of an acute laboratory psychosocial stressor (Trier Social Stress Test (TSST)) (Kirschbaum et al., 1993) on microRNA (miRNA) and messengerRNA (mRNA) levels in saliva. The experimental study is a conceptual replication of Jurkiewicz et al. (2021) which will take place at the MSH Medical School Hamburg (MSH), Germany. Literature: Jurkiewicz, M. M., Mueller-Alcazar, A., Moser, D. A., Jayatilaka, I., Mikhailik, A., Ferri, J., Fogelman, N., & Canli, T. (2021). Integrated microRNA and mRNA gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to acute psychosocial stress: a repeated-measures within-subject pilot study. BMC Research Notes, 14(1), 222. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-021-05635-3 Kirschbaum, C., Pirke, K.M, Hellhammer, D.H. The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’—a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology. 1993;28:76–81.

The main objective of this study is investigate how tDCS promotes biochemical and cellular modulation post-stroke.

Head and neck cancers (HNC) are the 6th most common cancers with more than 1.1 million cases worldwide annually, contributing to 512,700 deaths. Sadly, 50% of the patients succumb to the disease due to late diagnosis and disease recurrence. HNC develops in the epithelial cell lining of the upper aero-digestive tract (oral cavity, pharynx and larynx) and of the nasopharynx. There are two major subtypes of HNC: smoking and alcohol consumption induced oral cancer (OC), with increasing incidence in the margining economies and human papillomavirus induced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), with high incidence in the developed world. OC and OPC have distinct clinical and biological features. Clinically, invasive HNC may be assessed by visible pre-neoplastic lesions. Unfortunately, majority of them are not clinically detectable. Traditional prognosis, such as overall stage and metastasis at presentation, have limited prediction accuracy and reproducibility. The emergence of new biomarkers in personalized cancer therapy is revolutionizing the field. Nonetheless, with the exception of HPV positivity and its surrogate cyclin-dependent kinase p16INK4a, no other biomarkers are presently been used in clinical practices for HNC. The incorporation of a biomarker-driven new methodology that uncover the molecular mechanisms triggering HNC prior to clinical manifestations may provide the means to early diagnosis, disease monitoring, management and early intervention. Telomere crises provide cells with an unlimited proliferative potential, a major hallmark of all cancers, and TL is a great biomarker in environmental related mutagenesis. Despite the irrefutable role of telomeres in cancer, its role in HNC is still not fully understood. However, exactly because the two driven forces of HNC are exposure-related aspects, i.e. smoking and excess of alcohol consumption and HPV infection, HNC is a perfect target for the development of a telomere biology-based biomarker. The small numbers of studies investigating the associations between telomeres and HNC present controversial results, varying from shorter telomeres associated with better and also poorer overall survivor, distinguish telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) activation between HNC types and affected tissues, and inconsistencies on the HPV status linked to telomere biology. This project propose that telomere length (TL) is a fundamental factor on the etiology of HNC, particularly in the clinical and biological differences between OC and OPC, and has, therefore, the potential to become a functional biomarker in both HNC-driven carcinogenesis. This study will validate and adapt saliva as the biological tissue to investigate TL as a HNC biomarker. Saliva is an interesting biofluid for diagnosis in HNC not only due to its non-invasive nature, but also because biomarkers secreted from the tumors in head and neck regions would have saliva as the primary outlet.

Canada’s access to neutron beams for neutron scattering was significantly curtailed in 2018 with the closure of the National Research Universal (NRU) reactor in Chalk River, Ontario, Canada. New sources are needed for the long-term; otherwise, access will only become harder as the global supply shrinks. Compact Accelerator-based Neutron Sources (CANS) offer the possibility of an intense source of neutrons with a capital cost significantly lower than spallation sources. In this paper, we propose a CANS for Canada. The proposal is staged with the first stage offering a medium neutron flux, linear accelerator-based approach for neutron scattering that is also coupled with a boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) station and a positron emission tomography (PET) isotope production station. The first stage will serve as a prototype for a second stage: a higher brightness, higher cost facility that could be viewed as a national centre for neutron applications.

High-througput sequencing of small RNAs in Drosophila heads collected around the clock (diurnal expression) for young (5 day) and old (55 day) flies.

3CLpro is essential for SARS‐CoV‐2 replication and infection; its inhibition using small molecules is a potential therapeutic strategy. In this study, a comprehensive crystallography‐guided fragment‐based drug discovery approach was employed to design new inhibitors for SARS‐CoV‐2 3CLpro. All small molecules co‐crystallized with SARS‐CoV‐2 3CLpro with structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank were used as inputs. Fragments sitting in the binding pocket (87) were grouped into eight geographical types. They were interactively coupled using various synthetically reasonable linkers to generate larger molecules with divalent binding modes taking advantage of two different fragments' interactions. In total, 1,251 compounds were proposed, and 7,158 stereoisomers were screened using Glide (standard precision and extra precision), AutoDock Vina, and Prime MMGBSA. The top 22 hits having conformations approaching the linear combination of their constituent fragments were selected for MD simulation on Desmond. MD simulation suggested 15 of these did adopt conformations very close to their constituent pieces with far higher binding affinity than either constituent domain alone. These structures could provide a starting point for the further design of SARS‐CoV‐2 3CLpro inhibitors with improved binding, and structures are provided., A comprehensive crystallography‐guided fragment‐based drug discovery approach was employed to design inhibitors for SARS‐CoV‐2 3CLpro. The fragments sitting in the binding pocket (87) were interactively coupled to get 1,251 molecules using various linkers with the intention to get molecules having the same orientation as those of the constituting fragments.

We apply 5G radiation to a red strain of yeast in which mutations have been induced by the application of 254 nm UV light. We then calculate population statistics on the total yeast colony count and the number of white colony revertants to understand the role of 5G radiation on yeast mutation repair pathways.

It will be shown that the published “Generalised Tipping Curve” (GTC), which purportedly predicts the uprooting of trees based on empirical data, is suggestive of misinformation. Entirely different SIM and other curves were found that had already been in use since at least 1983 by comparatively unknown authors and 2003 (SIM curve) until now. This paper also shows that the highly-cited and influential proclamations regarding “dynamic” versus “quasi-static” WLA, may be incorrect as their results could perfectly be simulated with a simle formula for stiff brick-made chimneys.

Supporting data for the article "Burst-and-coast swimmers optimize gait by adapting unique intrinsic cycle"

Replication of "A coding-independent function of gene and pseudogene mRNAs regulates tumour biology". Includes information to prepare the replication experiments. Includes data, code, and digital materials from completed replication experiments.

Green chemistry is known as a study that aims to reduce or eliminate the adverse effects of the use of hazardous chemicals that can damage the environment and health. Environmental damage and poor health as caused by hazardous chemicals will affect the issuance of costs. This present study aims to discuss green chemistry and its impact on the economy through a literature review. This study is a review article that explains the concept of green chemistry and its impact on the economy. Based on the results of the study showed that the implementation of green chemistry will reduce the cost of recovery, prevention, and also reduce health costs. It is recommended that the firms in conducting manufacturing activities adopt green chemistry in their manufacturing activities

Since the term artificial intelligence (AI) was first coined in 1956 by McCarthy and Minsky, its wide-reaching applications to medicine and research has grown in recent years. Developments in artificial intelligence in ophthalmology have utilized machine learning algorithms, whereby computers are manually ‘taught’ to diagnose conditions via feeding of massive amounts of information into computers under specialist supervision. To date, several studies on the use of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology has utilized deep learning technology discussed above, which allows for unsupervised programming and training of computer algorithms to make diagnosis of common eye diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR), macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and glaucoma. Much of this technology is focused on using artificial intelligence to remotely image, triage, and diagnose disease before specialist administered treatment. AI use in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis has specifically seen much development in recent years, with a recent study of DL software developed for diagnosis of DR demonstrating a sensitivity of 96.8% and a specificity of 87.0%. A bibliometric analysis is a statistical analysis of a large set of research pertaining to a chosen topic. This evaluation can be performed from a number of standpoints which will be later discussed in the methods section and allows accurate measurement on the impact of a body of research on a scientific community. Within ophthalmology, bibliometric analyses have been conducted on the general body of ophthalmologic literature and some subspecialties such as glaucoma (4). Currently, there is no existing bibliometric analysis on the topic of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology. A better understanding of the existing literature on AI will provide insight into the growing influence and importance of artificial intelligence on the field of ophthalmology. This will allow the medical community to adapt to and anticipate new technology as it comes, so it may be better integrated into the future model of patient care.

Alpha-synuclein is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) located in presynaptic neurons. It has a leading role in the vesicle and neurotransmitter release and regulation. Aggregation of alpha-synuclein is associated with the production of alpha-synuclein fibrils and Lewy bodies that are thought to cause cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. Crowding agents inside cells, which include macromolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, can impact the conformation and structure of proteins. However, compared to structured proteins, IDPs are more susceptible to crowding effects. Studies have emulated the crowded environment inside the cells with artificial and biological crowders to examine crowding effects on alpha-synuclein conformation, oligomerization, aggregation, fibrillization, and other related characteristics. Past works have examined alpha-synuclein in the presence of a wide range of crowders, from carbohydrates to proteins and particles, and thus this scoping review will tackle the question of how various crowding milieus affect alpha-synuclein structure and conformation.

Although acute resistance exercise has been suggested to enhance inhibitory control, a critical component of executive function, the mechanism by which acute exercise influences inhibitory control is unclear and there are methodological limitations in previous empirical studies. According to the locus coeruleus–norepinephrine (LC–NE) theory, the activity of the LC, the major releaser of NE in the brain, regulates inhibitory control. Because there is reciprocal communication between circulating epinephrine and the LC. Plasma epinephrine is chosen as the index of LC–NE activity. However, only one study in acute exercise–inhibitory control measured the plasma epinephrine. Therefore, this registered report aims to extend its findings by a four–arm crossover randomized controlled design with three different intensities, using free–weight, multiple–joint, and structural resistance exercises. Moreover, most studies showed some methodological limitations such as failing to report the process of randomization, implementing a familiarization of resistance exercise before the maximal strength test, and publishing the protocol. Without a transparent report on how the participants were allocated, the results were at risk of bias. Without a familiarization of resistance exercise, the maximal muscle strength was likely to be underestimated. Without publishing the protocol before data collection, these findings were threatened by undetected researchers’ degrees of freedom such as HARKing (hypothesizing after the results are known), cherry picking, and p–hacking. This registered report will address the limitations of previous studies by incorporating cognitive and resistance exercise familiarization, transparently reporting the randomization process, and submitting it as a registered report.

A new theoretical framework has been constructed for the structural stability assessment of trees and palms. Physical laws and Natural Philosophy principles, scientific criteria, observation and empirical results from academic literature will be its confirmatory foundations. Hence, this implies an entirely new natural philosophy in arboriculture and (urban) forestry. However, it will not entirely be compatible with current methods such as the Visual Tree Assessment (VTA) of Mattheck and the pulling tests of Wessolly (SIM) and others. It will also be shown that the published “Generalised Tipping Curve” (GTC), which purportedly predicts the uprooting of trees based on empirical data, is suggestive of misinformation, as entirely different SIM and other curves were found that had already been in use since at least 1983 by comparatively unknown authors. This paper also analyses highly-cited and influential proclamations regarding the GTC and the “dynamic” versus “quasi-static” WLA, that may have, quite simply, sprouted from unconscious research bias. Nature does not follow predictions and extrapolations based on static beam theory or t/R criteria. Biological structures are governed by a continuous storage and release of energies and their struggle to withstand them, in agreement with Newton's laws of physics and Darwin's theory of evolution.

The planned systematic review aims to collect the current evidence to examine the role of gut microbiota depletion by antibiotic (s) administration on behavioural outcomes associated with anxiety-like and sociability in animal models, and to consider the findings in regards to developing a translational model that can inform research with healthy humans.

Research on how MeHg affects neurodevelopment through a systematic review.

This registration contains all of the methods, data, analysis scripts, figures, and manuscript files associated with the published results of this replication effort, which can be found here: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.56651. The prior registration (https://osf.io/f7yjp) and Registered Report (https://elifesciences.org/articles/12470) were before data collection.

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis is to critically evaluate and synthesize the literature regarding the effect of acute aerobic exercise on circulating microRNA in healthy adults.

Contribution of different organ systems to Pathogenesis of COVID-19 - a living systematic review based on emerging in vitro and ex vivo studies