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2. Abstracts

Author

Weissofner, A., Micallef, J., Baerlocher, K., Karl, H., Haffner, B., Trawöger, R., Maurer, H., Ausserer, B., Krassnitzer, S., Könner, Ch., Covi, P., Rücker, J., Schneider, W., Harder, S., Zielen, S., Zin-U, B., Bock, U., Lauffer, H., Rey, M., Scharf, J., Wenzel, D., Wölfel, D., Wagner, J., Exner, H., Hagmüller, G., Weinstabl, C., Richling, B., Plainer, B., Aloy, A., Czech, T., Spiss, C. K., Mast, M., Erbs, G., Stöllberger, C., Bachl, J. Ch., Peschl, L., Slany, J., Brainin, M., Heß, M., Nowak, G., Schwohl, Th., Diederich, K.-W., Sheikhzadeh, A., Seit, E., Loeb, M., Eich, F. X., Leititis, J. U., Kronenberg, H., Ulrich, M., Lang, M., Kraft, A., Rohling, R., Link, J., Kretz, F. J., Siebenlist, D., Gattenlöhner, W., Loimer, N., Lenz, K., Presslich, O., Schmid, R., Lechner, P., Anderhuber, F., Thies, P., Janisch, H. D., v. Kleist, D. H., Hoeft, S., Hampel, K. E., Donner, A., Seidler, D., Fitzgerald, R., Lackner, F., Graninger, W., Schwarz, S., Hlozanek, Ch., Jaspert, A., Kotterba, S., Tegenthoff, M., Malin, J.-P., Schmidt, A., Binner, L., Hombach, V., König, P., Künz, A., Harf, Ch., van Vyve, Th., Welter, R., Simbruner, G., Kirchner, L., Glatzl-Hawlik, M., Weninger, M., Paltinger, N., Wieland, W., Mertes, N., Sciuk, J., Wendt, M., Bock, T. A., Heintz, B., Sieberth, H. G., Peters, P., Saborowski, F., Genuß, G.-R., Brusis, T., Feldges, A., Kalff, R., Rosenthal, E., Grote, W., Lenz, Kurt, editor, Laggner, Anton N., editor, Deutsch, Erwin, editor, Binder, Heinrich, editor, Gadner, Helmut, editor, Grimm, Georg, editor, Kleinberger, Gunther, editor, Ritz, Rudolf, editor, Schuster, Hans Peter, editor, and Zaunschirm, Harald Andrew, editor

Published
1990
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8. Poster Session 2

Author

Andersson, T., primary, Magnusson, A., additional, Bryngelsson, I.- L., additional, Frobert, O., additional, Henriksson, K. M., additional, Edvardsson, N., additional, Poci, D., additional, Polovina, M., additional, Potpara, T., additional, Licina, M., additional, Mujovic, N., additional, Kocijancic, A., additional, Simic, D., additional, Ostojic, M. C., additional, Providencia, R. A., additional, Botelho, A., additional, Trigo, J., additional, Nascimento, J., additional, Quintal, N., additional, Mota, P., additional, Leitao-Marques, A. M., additional, Bosch, R. F., additional, Kirch, W., additional, Rosin, L., additional, Willich, S. N., additional, Pittrow, D., additional, Bonnemeier, H., additional, Valenza, M. C., additional, Martin, L., additional, Munoz Casaubon, T., additional, Valenza, G., additional, Botella, M., additional, Serrano, M., additional, Valenza, B., additional, Cabrera, I., additional, Anderson, K., additional, Benzaquen, B. S., additional, Koziolova, N., additional, Nikonova, J., additional, Shilova, Y., additional, Scherr, D., additional, Narayan, S., additional, Wright, M., additional, Krummen, D., additional, Jadidi, A., additional, Jais, P., additional, Haissaguerre, M., additional, Hocini, M., additional, Hunter, R., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Lu, Y., additional, Wang, W., additional, Schilling, R. J., additional, Bernstein, S., additional, Wong, B., additional, Rooke, R., additional, Vasquez, C., additional, Shah, R., additional, Rosenberg, S., additional, Chinitz, L., additional, Morley, G., additional, Bashir Choudhary, M., additional, Holmqvist, F., additional, Carlson, J., additional, Nilsson, H.- J., additional, Platonov, P. G., additional, Jadidi, A. S., additional, Cochet, H., additional, Miyazaki, S., additional, Shah, A. J., additional, Marrouche, N., additional, Calvo, N., additional, Nadal, M., additional, Andreu, D., additional, Tamborero, D., additional, Diaz, F. E., additional, Berruezo, A., additional, Brugada, J., additional, Mont, L., additional, Fichtner, S., additional, Hessling, G., additional, Estner, H. L., additional, Jilek, C., additional, Reents, T., additional, Ammar, S., additional, Wu, J., additional, Deisenhofer, I., additional, Nakanishi, H., additional, Kashiwase, K., additional, Hirata, A., additional, Wada, M., additional, Ueda, Y., additional, Skoda, J., additional, Neuzil, P., additional, Popelova, J., additional, Petru, J., additional, Sediva, L., additional, Reddy, V. Y., additional, Uldry, L., additional, Forclaz, A., additional, Virag, N., additional, Vesin, J.- M., additional, Kappenberger, L., additional, Sehra, R., additional, Briggs, C., additional, Rappel, W.- J., additional, Janotka, M., additional, Chovanec, M., additional, Yamashiro, K., additional, Takami, K., additional, Sakamoto, Y., additional, Satoh, K., additional, Suzuki, T., additional, Nakagawa, H., additional, Romanov, A., additional, Pokushalov, E., additional, Artemenko, S., additional, Shabanov, V., additional, Stenin, I., additional, Elesin, D., additional, Turov, A., additional, Yakubov, A., additional, Hioki, M., additional, Matsuo, S., additional, Ito, K., additional, Narui, R., additional, Yamashita, S., additional, Sugimoto, K., additional, Yoshimura, M., additional, Yamane, T., additional, Di Biase, L., additional, Gallinghouse, J. D., additional, Rajappan, K., additional, Kautzner, J., additional, Dello Russo, A., additional, Tondo, C., additional, Lorgat, F., additional, Natale, A., additional, Balta, O., additional, Buenz, K., additional, Paessler, M., additional, Anders, H., additional, Horlitz, M., additional, Deneke, T., additional, Lickfett, L., additional, Liberman, I., additional, Linhart, M., additional, Andrie, R., additional, Mittmann-Braun, E., additional, Stockigt, F., additional, Nickenig, G., additional, Schrickel, J., additional, Tilz, R., additional, Rillig, A., additional, Feige, B., additional, Metzner, A., additional, Fuernkranz, A., additional, Burchard, A., additional, Wissner, E., additional, Ouyang, F., additional, Betts, T. R., additional, Jones, M. A., additional, Wong, K. C. K., additional, Qureshi, N., additional, Bashir, Y., additional, Corbucci, G., additional, Losik, D., additional, Selina, V., additional, Crandall, M. A., additional, Daniels, C., additional, Daoud, E., additional, Kalbfleisch, S., additional, Yamaji, H., additional, Murakami, T., additional, Kawamura, H., additional, Murakami, M., additional, Hina, K., additional, Kusachi, S., additional, Dakos, G., additional, Vassilikos, V., additional, Paraskevaidis, S., additional, Mantziari, A., additional, Theophylogiannakos, S., additional, Chouvarda, I., additional, Chatzizisis, I., additional, Styliadis, I., additional, Kimura, T., additional, Fukumoto, K., additional, Nishiyama, N., additional, Aizawa, Y., additional, Fukuda, Y., additional, Sato, T., additional, Miyoshi, S., additional, Takatsuki, S., additional, Navarrete Casas, A. J., additional, Ali, I., additional, Conte, F. C., additional, Moran, M., additional, Graham, B. G., additional, Kalejs, O., additional, Lacis, R., additional, Stradins, P., additional, Koris, A., additional, Putnins, I., additional, Vikmane, M., additional, Lejnieks, A., additional, Erglis, A., additional, Estrada, A., additional, Perez Silva, A., additional, Castrejon, S., additional, Doiny, D., additional, Merino, J. L., additional, Baranchuk, A., additional, Greiss, I., additional, Simpson, C. S., additional, Abdollah, H., additional, Redfearn, D. P., additional, Buys-Topart, M., additional, Nitzsche, R., additional, Thibault, B., additional, Kathan, S., additional, Kolb, C., additional, Reif, S., additional, Schade, S., additional, Taggeselle, J., additional, Frey, A., additional, Birkenhagen, A., additional, Kohler, S., additional, Schmidt, M., additional, Cano Perez, O., additional, Buendia, F., additional, Igual, B., additional, Osca, J. M., additional, Sanchez, J. M., additional, Sancho-Tello, M. J., additional, Olague, J. M., additional, Salvador, A., additional, Tolosana, J. M., additional, Fernandez-Armenta, J., additional, Matas, M., additional, Barbarin, M. C., additional, Habibovic, M., additional, Van Den Broek, K. C., additional, Theuns, D. A. M. J., additional, Jordaens, L., additional, Alings, M., additional, Van Der Voort, P. H., additional, Pedersen, S. S., additional, Pupita, G., additional, Molini, S., additional, Brambatti, M., additional, Capucci, A., additional, Molodykh, S., additional, Idov, E. M., additional, Belyaev, O. V., additional, Segreti, L., additional, Soldati, E., additional, Zucchelli, G., additional, Di Cori, A., additional, Viani, S., additional, Paperini, L., additional, De Lucia, R., additional, Bongiorni, M. G., additional, Binner, L., additional, Taborsky, M., additional, Bello, D., additional, Heuer, H., additional, Ramza, B., additional, Jenniskens, I., additional, Johnson, W. B., additional, Silvetti, M. S., additional, Rava', L., additional, Russo, M. S., additional, Di Mambro, C., additional, Ammirati, A., additional, Gimigliano, G., additional, Prosperi, M., additional, Drago, F., additional, Santos, A. R., additional, Picarra, B., additional, Semedo, P., additional, Dionisio, P., additional, Matos, R., additional, Leitao, M., additional, Jacinto, A., additional, Trinca, M., additional, Mazzone, P., additional, Ciconte, G., additional, Marzi, A., additional, Paglino, G., additional, Vergara, P., additional, Sora, N., additional, Gulletta, S., additional, Della Bella, P., additional, Koppitz, P., additional, Fach, A., additional, Hobbiesiefken, S., additional, Fiehn, E., additional, Hambrecht, R., additional, Sperzel, J., additional, Jung, M., additional, Schmitt, J., additional, Pajitnev, D., additional, Burger, H., additional, Goebel, G., additional, Ehrlich, W., additional, Walther, T., additional, Ziegelhoeffer, T., additional, Vancura, V., additional, Wichterle, D., additional, Melenovsky, V., additional, Glikson, M., additional, Goldenberg, G., additional, Segev, A., additional, Dvir, D., additional, Kuzniec, J., additional, Finkelstein, A., additional, Hay, I., additional, Guetta, V., additional, Choo, W. K., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Kirkfeldt, R., additional, Johansen, J., additional, Nohr, E., additional, Moller, M., additional, Arnsbo, P., additional, Nielsen, J., additional, Banha, M., additional, Stojanov, P., additional, Raspopovic, S., additional, Vasic, D., additional, Savic, D., additional, Nikcevic, G., additional, Jovanovic, V., additional, Defaye, P., additional, Mondesert, B., additional, Mbaye, A., additional, Cassagneau, R., additional, Gagniere, V., additional, Jacon, J., additional, Sanfins, V., additional, Reis, H. R., additional, Nobre, J. N., additional, Martins, V. M., additional, Duarte, L. D., additional, Morais, C. M., additional, Conceicao, J. C., additional, Hero, M., additional, Rey, J. L., additional, Ducharme, A., additional, Simpson, C., additional, Stuglin, C., additional, Blier, L., additional, Senaratne, M., additional, Khaykin, Y., additional, Pinter, A., additional, Mlynarska, A., additional, Mlynarski, R., additional, Sosnowski, M., additional, Wilczek, J., additional, Iorgulescu, C., additional, Bogdan, S., additional, Constantinescu, D., additional, Caldararu, C., additional, Dorobantu, M., additional, Radu, A., additional, Vatasescu, R.- G., additional, Yusu, S., additional, Ikeda, T., additional, Mera, H., additional, Miwa, Y., additional, Abe, A., additional, Miyakoshi, M., additional, Tsukada, T., additional, Yoshino, H., additional, Nayar, V., additional, Cantelon, P., additional, Rawling, A., additional, Belham, M. R. D., additional, Pugh, P. J., additional, Osca Asensi, J., additional, Cano, O., additional, Tejada, D., additional, Munoz, B., additional, Rodriguez, M., additional, Olague, J., additional, Wecke, L., additional, Van Hunnik, A., additional, Thompson, T., additional, Di Carlo, L., additional, Zdeblick, M., additional, Auricchio, A., additional, Prinzen, F., additional, Doltra Magarolas, A., additional, Bijnens, B., additional, Silva, E., additional, Penela, D., additional, Sitges, M., additional, Ofman, P., additional, Navaravong, L., additional, Leng, J., additional, Peralta, A., additional, Hoffmeister, P., additional, Levine, R., additional, Cook, J., additional, Stoenescu, M., additional, Tettamanti, M. E., additional, Revilla Orodea, A., additional, Lopez Diaz, J., additional, De La Fuente Galan, L., additional, Arnold, R., additional, Garcia Moran, E., additional, San Roman Calvar, J. A., additional, Gomez Salvador, I., additional, Nakamura, K., additional, Takami, M., additional, Keida, T., additional, Mesato, A., additional, Higa, S., additional, Shimabukuro, M., additional, Masuzaki, H., additional, Proietti, R., additional, Sagone, A., additional, Domenichini, G., additional, Burri, H., additional, Valzania, C., additional, Biffi, M., additional, Sunthorn, H., additional, Gavaruzzi, G., additional, Foulkes, H., additional, Boriani, G., additional, Koh, S., additional, Hou, W., additional, Snell, J., additional, Poore, J., additional, Dalal, N., additional, Bornzin, G., additional, Kloppe, A., additional, Mijic, D., additional, Bogossian, H., additional, Ninios, I., additional, Zarse, M., additional, Lemke, B., additional, Guedon-Moreau, L., additional, Kouakam, C., additional, Klug, D., additional, Marquie, C., additional, Ziglio, F., additional, Kacet, S., additional, Mohamed Fereig Hamed, H., additional, Hamdy, A. M. A. L., additional, Abd El Aziz, A. H. M. E. D., additional, Nabih, M. R. V. A. T., additional, Hamdy, R. E. H. A. B., additional, Yaminisaharif, A., additional, Davoudi, G. H., additional, Kasemisaeid, A., additional, Sadeghian, S., additional, Vasheghani Farahani, A., additional, Yazdanifard, P., additional, Shafiee, A., additional, Alonso, C., additional, Grimard, C., additional, Jauvert, G., additional, Lazarus, A., additional, Mont, L. L., additional, Ortiz-Perez, J., additional, Caralt, T., additional, Escudero, J., additional, Perez, F., additional, Griffith, K. M., additional, Ferreyra, R., additional, Urena, P., additional, Demas, M., additional, Muratore, C., additional, Mazzetti, H., additional, Guardado, J., additional, Fernandes, M., additional, Pereira, V. H., additional, Canario-Almeida, F., additional, Ferreira, F., additional, Rodrigues, B., additional, Almeida, J., additional, Sokal, A., additional, Jedrzejczyk, E., additional, Lenarczyk, R., additional, Pluta, S., additional, Kowalski, O., additional, Pruszkowska, P., additional, Swiatkowski, A., additional, Kalarus, Z., additional, Heinke, M., additional, Ismer, B., additional, Kuehnert, H., additional, Heinke, T., additional, Surber, R., additional, Osypka, N., additional, Prochnau, D., additional, Figulla, H. R., additional, Iacopino, S., additional, Landolina, M., additional, Proclemer, A., additional, Padeletti, L., additional, Calvi, V., additional, Pierantozzi, A., additional, Di Stefano, P., additional, Bauer, A., additional, Bode, F., additional, Le Gal, F., additional, Deharo, J. C., additional, Delay, M., additional, Clementy, J., additional, Kawamura, M., additional, Munetsugu, Y., additional, Tanno, K., additional, Kobayashi, Y., additional, Cannom, D., additional, Hosoda, J., additional, Ishikawa, T., additional, Andoh, K., additional, Nobuyoshi, M., additional, Fujii, S., additional, Shizuta, S., additional, Isshiki, T., additional, Castel, M. A., additional, Perez-Villa, F., additional, Vidal, B., additional, Pruszkowska-Skrzep, P., additional, Szulik, M., additional, Kukulski, T., additional, Gianfranchi, L., additional, Bettiol, K., additional, Pacchioni, F., additional, Alboni, P., additional, Abu Sham'a, R., additional, Buber, J., additional, Nof, E., additional, Kuperstein, R., additional, Feinberg, M., additional, Luria, D., additional, Eldar, M., additional, Parks, K., additional, Stone, J. R., additional, Singh, J. P., additional, Hatzinikolaou-Kotsakou, E., additional, Kotsakou, M., additional, Beleveslis, T. H., additional, Moschos, G., additional, Reppas, E., additional, Latsios, P., additional, Tsakiridis, K., additional, Kazemisaeid, A., additional, Davoodi, G., additional, Yamini Sharif, A., additional, Sheikhvatan, M., additional, Toniolo, M., additional, Zanotto, G., additional, Rossi, A., additional, Tomasi, L., additional, Vassanelli, C., additional, Versteeg, H., additional, Mommersteeg, P. M. C., additional, Vergara, G., additional, Blauer, J., additional, Ranjan, R., additional, Vijayakumar, S., additional, Kholmovski, E., additional, Volland, N., additional, Macleod, R., additional, Aguinaga Arrascue, L. E., additional, Bravo, A., additional, Garcia Freire, P., additional, Gallardo, P., additional, Hasbani, E., additional, Dantur, J., additional, Quintana, R., additional, Adragao, P. P., additional, Cavaco, D., additional, Parreira, L., additional, Reis Santos, K., additional, Carmo, P., additional, Miranda, R., additional, Marcelino, S., additional, Cabrita, D., additional, Sommer, P., additional, Gaspar, T., additional, Rolf, S., additional, Arya, A., additional, Piorkowski, C., additional, Hindricks, G., additional, Valles Gras, E., additional, Bazan, V., additional, Portillo, L., additional, Suarez, F., additional, Bruguera, J., additional, Marti, J., additional, Huo, Y., additional, Richter, S., additional, Schoenbauer, R., additional, Rivas, N., additional, Casaldaliga, J., additional, Roca, I., additional, Dos, L., additional, Perez-Rodon, J., additional, Pijuan, A., additional, Garcia-Dorado, D., additional, Moya, A., additional, Carter, H. B., additional, Garg, A., additional, Hegrenes, J., additional, Sih, H. J., additional, Teplitsky, L. R., additional, Kuroki, K., additional, Tada, H., additional, Seo, Y., additional, Ishizu, T., additional, Igawa, M., additional, Sekiguchi, Y., additional, Kuga, K., additional, Aonuma, K., additional, Rodriguez A, C., additional, Mejias, J., additional, Hidalgo, P., additional, Hidalgo L, J. A., additional, Orczykowski, M., additional, Derejko, P., additional, Walczak, F., additional, Szufladowicz, E., additional, Urbanek, P., additional, Bodalski, R., additional, Bieganowska, K., additional, Szumowski, L., additional, Peichl, P., additional, Cihak, R., additional, Skalsky, I., additional, Kubus, P., additional, Vit, P., additional, Zaoral, L., additional, Gebauer, R. A., additional, Fiala, M., additional, Janousek, J., additional, Hiroshima, K., additional, Goya, M., additional, Ohe, M., additional, Hayashi, K., additional, Makihara, Y., additional, Nagashima, M., additional, An, Y., additional, Schloesser, M., additional, Lawrenz, T., additional, Meyer Zu Vilsendorf, D., additional, Strunk-Mueller, C., additional, Stellbrink, C., additional, Papagiannis, J., additional, Avramidis, D., additional, Kokkinakis, C., additional, Kirvassilis, G., additional, Eidelman, G., additional, Arenal, A., additional, Datino, T., additional, Atienza, F., additional, Gonzalez Torrecilla, E., additional, Miracle, A., additional, Hernandez, J., additional, Fernandez Aviles, F., additional, Ene, E., additional, Insulander, P., additional, Bastani, H., additional, Braunschweig, F., additional, Drca, N., additional, Kenneback, G., additional, Schwieler, J., additional, Tapanainen, J., additional, Jensen-Urstad, M., additional, Andrea, B., additional, Andrea, E. M. A., additional, Maciel, W. M., additional, Siqueira, L. S., additional, Cosenza, R. C., additional, Mittidieri, F. M., additional, Farah, S. F., additional, Atie, J. A., additional, Kanoupakis, E., additional, Kallergis, E., additional, Mavrakis, H., additional, Goudis, C., additional, Saloustros, I., additional, Malliaraki, N., additional, Chlouverakis, G., additional, Vardas, P., additional, Bonnes, J. L., additional, Jaspers Focks, J., additional, Westra, S. W., additional, Brouwer, M. A., additional, Smeets, J. L. R. M., additional, Inama, G., additional, Pedrinazzi, C., additional, Oliva, F., additional, Senni, M., additional, Zoni Berisso, M., additional, Mostov, S., additional, Haim, M., additional, Nevzorov, R., additional, Hasadi, D., additional, Starsberg, B., additional, Porter, A., additional, Kuschyk, J., additional, Schoene, A., additional, Streitner, F., additional, Veltmann, C. G., additional, Schimpf, R., additional, Borggrefe, M., additional, Luesebrink, U., additional, Gardiwal, A., additional, Oswald, H., additional, Koenig, T., additional, Duncker, D., additional, Klein, G., additional, Bastiaenen, R., additional, Batchvarov, V., additional, Atty, O., additional, Cheng, J. H., additional, Behr, E. R., additional, Gallagher, M. M., additional, Starrenburg, A. H., additional, Kraaier, K., additional, Scholten, M. F., additional, Van Der Palen, J., additional, Adhya, S., additional, Smith, L. A., additional, Zhao, T., additional, Bannister, C., additional, Kamdar, R. H., additional, Martinelli, M., additional, Siqueira, S., additional, Greco, R., additional, Nishioka, S. A. D., additional, Pedrosa, A. A. A., additional, Alkmim-Teixeira, R., additional, Peixoto, G. L., additional, Costa, R., additional, Nielsen, J. C., additional, Mortensen, P. T., additional, Johansen, J. B., additional, Kwasniewski, W., additional, Filipecki, A., additional, Urbanczyk-Swic, D., additional, Orszulak, W., additional, Trusz - Gluza, M., additional, Jimenez-Candil, J., additional, Morinigo, J., additional, Ledesma, C., additional, Martin-Luengo, C., additional, Vogtmann, T., additional, Gomer, M., additional, Stiller, S., additional, Kuehlkamp, V., additional, Zach, G., additional, Loescher, S., additional, Kespohl, S., additional, Baumann, G., additional, Snell, J. D., additional, Korsun, N., additional, Snell, J. R., additional, Morley, B., additional, Bharmi, R., additional, Nabutovsky, Y., additional, Mollerus, M., additional, Naslund, L., additional, Meyer, A., additional, Lipinski, M., additional, Libey, B., additional, Dornfeld, K., additional, Martin, A., additional, Gallego, M., additional, De Bie, M. K., additional, Van Rees, J. B., additional, Borleffs, C. J., additional, Thijssen, J., additional, Jukema, J. W., additional, Schalij, M. J., additional, Van Erven, L., additional, Van Der Velde, E. T., additional, Witteman, T. A., additional, Foeken, H., additional, Szili-Torok, T., additional, Akca, F., additional, Caliskan, K., additional, Ten Cate, F., additional, Michels, M., additional, Cozma, D. C., additional, Petrescu, L., additional, Mornos, C., additional, Dragulescu, S. I., additional, Groeneweg, J. A., additional, Velthuis, B. K., additional, Cox, M. G. P. J., additional, Loh, P., additional, Dooijes, D., additional, Cramer, M. J., additional, De Bakker, J. M. T., additional, Hauer, R. N. W., additional, Park, S. D., additional, Shin, S. H., additional, Woo, S. I., additional, Kwan, J., additional, Park, K. S., additional, Kim, D. H., additional, Iorio, A., additional, Vitali Serdoz, L., additional, Brun, F., additional, Daleffe, E., additional, Zecchin, M., additional, Dal Ferro, M., additional, Santangelo, S., additional, Sinagra, G. F., additional, Ouali, S., additional, Hammemi, R., additional, Hammas, S., additional, Kacem, S., additional, Gribaa, R., additional, Neffeti, E., additional, Remedi, F., additional, Boughzela, E., additional, Korantzopoulos, P., additional, Letsas, K., additional, Christogiannis, Z., additional, Kalantzi, K., additional, Ntorkos, A., additional, Goudevenos, J., additional, Foley, P. W. X., additional, Yung, L., additional, Barnes, E., additional, Kikuchi, M., additional, Ito, H., additional, Miyoshi, F., additional, Pecini, R., additional, Marott, J. M., additional, Jensen, G. B., additional, Theilade, J., additional, Mine, T., additional, Kodani, T., additional, Masuyama, T., additional, Mozos, I. M., additional, Serban, C., additional, Costea, C., additional, Susan, L., additional, Barthel, P., additional, Mueller, A., additional, Malik, M., additional, Schmidt, G., additional, Karakurt, O., additional, Kilic, H., additional, Munevver Sari, D. R., additional, Mroczek-Czernecka, D., additional, Pietrucha, A. Z., additional, Borowiec, A., additional, Wnuk, M., additional, Bzukala, I., additional, Kruszelnicka, O., additional, Konduracka, E., additional, Nessler, J., additional, Kikuchi, Y., additional, Meireles, A., additional, Gomes, C., additional, Anjo, D., additional, Roque, C., additional, Pinheiro Vieira, A., additional, Lagarto, V., additional, Hipolito Reis, A., additional, Torres, S., additional, Miller, L., additional, Vedrenne, G., additional, Bruguiere, E., additional, Redheuil, A., additional, Lavergne, T., additional, Le Heuzey, J. Y., additional, Mousseaux, E., additional, Hersi, A., additional, Alhabib, K., additional, Alfaleh, H., additional, Sulaiman, K., additional, Almahmeed, W., additional, Alsuwidi, J., additional, Amin, H., additional, Almotarreb, A., additional, Pang, H. W. K., additional, Michael, K., additional, Pereira, E. J., additional, Munt, P. W., additional, Fitzpatrick, M. F., additional, Revishvili, A. S., additional, Simonyan, G., additional, Dzhordzhikiya, T., additional, Sopov, O., additional, Kalinin, V., additional, Locati, E. T., additional, Vecchi, A. M., additional, Cattafi, G., additional, Sachero, A., additional, Lunati, M., additional, Sayah, S., additional, Alizadeh, A., additional, Nazari, N., additional, Hekmat, M., additional, Moradi, M., additional, Zeighami, M., additional, Ghanji, H., additional, Suzuki, K., additional, Takagi, M., additional, Maeda, K., additional, Tatsumi, H., additional, Vieira, P., additional, Reis, H., additional, Toth, A., additional, Vago, H., additional, Takacs, P., additional, Edes, E., additional, Marki, A., additional, Balazs, G. Y., additional, Huttl, K., additional, Merkely, B., additional, Lainis, F., additional, Buckley, M. M., additional, Johns, E. J., additional, Seifer, C. M., additional, Daba, L., additional, Liebrecht, K., additional, Piwowarska, W., additional, Toquero Ramos, J., additional, Perez Pereira, E., additional, Mitroi, C., additional, Castro Urda, V., additional, Fernandez Villanueva, J. M., additional, Corona Figueroa, A., additional, Hernandez Reina, L., additional, Fernandez Lozano, I., additional, Bartoletti, A., additional, Bocconcelli, P., additional, Giuli, S., additional, Massa, R., additional, Svetlich, C., additional, Tarsi, G., additional, Tronconi, F., additional, Vitale, E., additional, Stryjewski, P., additional, Wegrzynowska, M., additional, Lousinha, A., additional, Labandeiro, J., additional, Antunes, E., additional, Silva, S., additional, Alves, S., additional, Timoteo, A., additional, Oliveira, M., additional, Cruz Ferreira, R., additional, and Jedrzejczyk-Spaho, J., additional

Published
2011
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17. Assessment of the coronary venous system in heart failure patients by blood pool agent enhanced whole-heart MRI.

Author

Manzke R, Binner L, Bornstedt A, Merkle N, Lutz A, Gradinger R, Rasche V, Manzke, Robert, Binner, Ludwig, Bornstedt, Axel, Merkle, Nico, Lutz, Anja, Gradinger, Robert, and Rasche, Volker

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of MRI for non-invasive assessment of the coronary sinus (CS) and the number and course of its major tributaries in heart failure patients.Methods: Fourteen non-ischaemic heart failure patients scheduled for cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) underwent additional whole-heart coronary venography. MRI was performed 1 day before device implantation. The visibility, location and dimensions of the CS and its major tributaries were assessed and the number of potential implantation sites identified. The MRI results were validated by X-ray venography conventionally acquired during the device implantation procedure.Results: The right atrium (RA), CS and mid-cardiac vein (MCV) could be visualised in all patients. 36% of the identified candidate branches were located posterolaterally, 48% laterally and 16% anterolaterally. The average diameter of the CS was quantified as 9.8 mm, the posterior interventricular vein (PIV) 4.6 mm, posterolateral segments 3.3 mm, lateral 2.9 mm and anterolateral 2.9 mm. Concordance with X-ray in terms of number and location of candidate branches was given in most cases.Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced MRI venography appears feasible for non-invasive pre-interventional assessment of the course of the CS and its major tributaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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22. Automatic adjustment of pacemaker stimulation output correlated with continuously monitored capture thresholds: a multicenter study.

Author

Clarke M, Liu B, Schüller H, Binner L, Kennergren C, Guerola M, Weinmann P, and Ohm O

Abstract

Pacing threshold is affected by many factors. A pacing system able to confirm capture at each beat and automatically adjust its output close to the actual pacing threshold is highly desirable. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of the Autocapture function of the Pacesetter Microny SR +. One hundred thirteen patients were recruited from 16 centers in 7 European countries and followed up for 1 year. All pacemakers were implanted with Pacesetter's low polarization, bipolar leads. The key feature of Autocapture is the immediate delivery of a 4.5 V safety backup pulse 62.5 ms after any ineffective ongoing low output pulse. Holter recordings confirmed total reliability of this feature without any exit block. The measured evoked response (ER) signal was stable over time. Acute and chronic pacing thresholds measured by VARIO and Autocapture tests correlated (r > 0.79) over the period of the study. The incidence of backup pulses was 1.1% during pacing. With Autocapture programmed ON, the overall total current consumption was 4.1 [mu]A for VVI and 5.0 [mu]A for VVIR pacing. This study proved that the Autocapture safely and reliably regulates the pacemaker's output according to the prevailing threshold thus providing maximum patient safety and prolonging service life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1998
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23. Catecholamines and the ReninAngiotensinAldosterone System During Treatment with Felodipine ER or Hydrochlorothiazide in Essential Hypertension

Author

Koenig, W., Binner, L., Gabrielsen, F., Sund, M., Rosenthal, J., and Hombach, V.

Abstract

The neurohumoral responses after 10 mg of felodipine extended release (ER), a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, and 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were compared in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial in 28 mild to moderate hypertensives. Antihypertensive drugs were gradually discontinued. Felodipine ER, 10 mg was given once daily for 2 weeks; after another washout period of 1 week, patients were switched to 25 mg of HCTZ once daily and vice versa. Blood pressure (BP) was measured at baseline, 2.5 h after medication, and after 2 weeks of treatment (24 h postdos-ing) using an oscillometric device. Felodipine ER and HCTZ both lowered BP effectively. However, felodipine ER was superior in reducing systolic and diastolic BP during the short term and medium term. Treatment with felodipine ER over 2 weeks increased sympathetic outflow as indicated by elevated plasma norepinephrine levels, whereas plasma epinephrine was mainly unaffected, as were plasma renin and aldosterone levels. On the other hand, 25 mg of HCTZ increased plasma renin and aldosterone, but left catecholamines unchanged. Despite persistent increased sympathetic activity, the reduction in BP in this study was more pronounced after felodipine ER as compared to HCTZ. The lack of a difference between heart rates under both medications after 2 weeks of treatment suggests a resetting of the baroreflex by felodipine ER and furthermore that the increased norepinephrine levels may not be clinically relevant, but demonstrate the maintained baroreflex activity. HCTZ, in doses as low as 25 mg, is still capable of stimulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Published
1991

30. Evaluation of the atrial evoked response for capture detection with high-polarization leads

Author

Jeffrey D. Chatsworth Snell, Johannes Sperzel, Gene A. Bornzin, Giuseppe Boriani, Euljoon Park, Jörg Scheiner, Ludwig Binner, Mauro Biffi, Sperzel J, Binner L, Boriani G, Biffi M, Snell J, Scheiner J, Park E, and Bornzin G

Subjects
Male, Pacemaker, Artificial, Electrode material, business.industry, General Medicine, Stimulus (physiology), Atrial Function, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Electrophysiology, cardiovascular system, Humans, Medicine, Female, Time integral, Stimulus voltage, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Polarization (electrochemistry), business, Electrodes, Aged, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

AutoCapture™ based on the evoked response can be confounded by electrode polarization. In this study, polarization was measured in human subjects who had chronic atrial leads. The aim of the study was to determine whether electrode polarization can be measured using a time integral atrial evoked-response integral (AERI) of the negative portion of the atrial paced ER evoked-response signal and to determine whether high-polarization atrial leads unsuitable for AutoCapture™ can be identified a priori. Atrial intracardiac-electrogram (IEGM) signals from 39 patients with implanted pacemakers were recorded and analyzed. The signals were recorded during conventional atrial-threshold searches. A total of 221 atrial-capture thresholds were recorded, ranging from 0.25 to 2.75 V with a mean of 0.79 V. Each evoked response was evaluated using the AERI in a 36 ms window following the 0.4 ms atrial stimulus. The polarization was estimated as a linear function of stimulus voltage using the evoked-response signal integral of captured beats identified on the IEGM. The 221 threshold-search datasets were obtained using leads with eight different electrode materials. Polarization could be measured using AERI as a function of stimulus voltage. Furthermore, this polarization measure can be used to identify high-polarization leads, which are ill suited for the atrial AutoCapture™ algorithm.

Published
2005

31. Myocardial scar extent evaluated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in ICD patients: relationship to spontaneous VT during long-term follow-up.

Author

Bernhardt P, Stiller S, Kottmair E, Binner L, Spiess J, Grossmann G, Rasche V, Walcher D, and Hombach V

Subjects
Aged, Cardiomyopathies diagnosis, Cardiomyopathies etiology, Contrast Media, Female, Gadolinium DTPA, Germany, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction complications, Myocardial Infarction diagnosis, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Tachycardia, Ventricular diagnosis, Tachycardia, Ventricular etiology, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Cardiomyopathies therapy, Defibrillators, Implantable, Electric Countershock instrumentation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Myocardial Infarction therapy, Myocardium pathology, Tachycardia, Ventricular prevention & control
Abstract

Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy have an increased risk for ventricular arrhythmia, since myocardial infarction can be the substrate for re-entrant arrhythmias. Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has proven to reliably quantify myocardial infarction. Aim of our study was to evaluate correlations between functional and contrast-enhanced CMR findings and spontaneous ventricular tachy-arrhythmias in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy. Forty-one patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and indication for ICD therapy underwent cine and late gadolinium enhancement CMR for quantification of left ventricular volumes, function and scar tissue before subsequent implantation of ICD device. During a follow-up period of 1184 ± 442 days 68 monomorphic and 14 polymorphic types of ventricular tachycardia (VT) could be observed in 12 patients. Patients with monomorphic VT had larger scar volumes (25.3 ± 11.3 vs. 11.8 ± 7.5% of myocardial mass, P < 0.05) than patients with polymorphic VT. Moreover myocardial infarction involved more segments in the LAD perfusion territory (86 vs. 20%, P < 0.05) than in patients with polymorphic VT. Patients with spontaneous monomorphic VT during the long-term follow-up period had more infarcted tissue, which was more often present in the LAD perfusion territory than patients with polymorphic events. These data strengthen the diagnostic benefit of CMR in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. CMR may be used for better risk stratification in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing ICD therapy.

Published
2011
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32. The imperative for metrics in training.

Author

Morgan JM, Burri H, Binner L, Mansour H, Retzlaff H, Roca M, and Gallagher A

Subjects
Cardiology education, Clinical Competence standards, Education, Medical
Abstract

A twenty-first century model for the training and assessment of cardiac interventionists’ skills, outlined by Prof. John Morgan FRCP FESC.

Published
2011

33. Whole-heart coronary vein imaging: a comparison between non-contrast-agent- and contrast-agent-enhanced visualization of the coronary venous system.

Author

Rasche V, Binner L, Cavagna F, Hombach V, Kunze M, Spiess J, Stuber M, and Merkle N

Subjects
Adult, Feasibility Studies, Humans, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Male, Middle Aged, Veins, Contrast Media administration & dosage, Coronary Circulation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Organometallic Compounds administration & dosage
Abstract

The feasibility of three-dimensional (3D) whole-heart imaging of the coronary venous (CV) system was investigated. The hypothesis that coronary magnetic resonance venography (CMRV) can be improved by using an intravascular contrast agent (CA) was tested. A simplified model of the contrast in T(2)-prepared steady-state free precession (SSFP) imaging was applied to calculate optimal T(2)-preparation durations for the various deoxygenation levels expected in venous blood. Non-contrast-agent (nCA)- and CA-enhanced images were compared for the delineation of the coronary sinus (CS) and its main tributaries. A quantitative analysis of the resulting contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in both approaches was performed. Precontrast visualization of the CV system was limited by the poor CNR between large portions of the venous blood and the surrounding tissue. Postcontrast, a significant increase in CNR between the venous blood and the myocardium (Myo) resulted in a clear delineation of the target vessels. The CNR improvement was 347% (P < 0.05) for the CS, 260% (P < 0.01) for the mid cardiac vein (MCV), and 430% (P < 0.05) for the great cardiac vein (GCV). The improvement in SNR was on average 155%, but was not statistically significant for the CS and the MCV. The signal of the Myo could be significantly reduced to about 25% (P < 0.001).

Published
2007
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34. Intraoperative comparison of a subthreshold test pulse with the standard high-energy shock approach for the measurement of defibrillation lead impedance.

Author

Schuchert A, Winter J, Binner L, Kühl M, and Meinertz T

Subjects
Electric Impedance, Electrodes standards, Equipment Safety, Europe, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Monitoring, Intraoperative, Prospective Studies, Defibrillators, Implantable standards, Electric Countershock standards, Tachycardia, Ventricular therapy
Abstract

Unlabelled: There are two methods to measure shocking lead impedance: delivery of high-energy shocks that require patient sedation, and the painless measurement of impedance from subthreshold test pulses. The aim of this study was to compare the two methods., Methods: The study included 131 patients implanted with a standard DR (n = 71) or VR (n = 60) ICD connected to either single-coil (n = 39) or dual-coil (n = 92) defibrillation leads. The noninvasive high-energy impedance test was done using a 17 J shock after induction of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and compared to a 0.4 microJ test pulse used by the ICD for the subthreshold measurements., Results: Defibrillation lead impedance measurements were not significantly different between patients with the same shocking vector configuration. In patients with a single-coil defibrillation lead the impedance was 62 +/- 9 Omega with the high-energy shock and 62 +/- 8 Omega with the subthreshold test pulses (P = 0.13). Patients with a dual-coil configuration recorded average impedances of 40 +/- 5 Omega from both tests (P = 0.44). While there was no difference in values recorded within each lead configuration, there was a significant difference in impedance between the single-coil and the dual-coil patient groups (P = 0.001)., Conclusions: There was no significant difference between shocking lead impedances measured with the high-energy shock or the subthreshold test pulses. This offers the possibility of noninvasive, low-energy serial measurements of shocking lead impedance at follow-up visits and removing the need for sedation.

Published
2006
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35. Evaluation of the atrial evoked response for capture detection with high-polarization leads.

Author

Sperzel J, Binner L, Boriani G, Biffi M, Snell J, Scheiner J, Park E, and Bornzin G

Subjects
Aged, Electrodes, Electrophysiology, Female, Humans, Male, Atrial Function, Evoked Potentials, Motor, Pacemaker, Artificial
Abstract

AutoCapture based on the evoked response can be confounded by electrode polarization. In this study, polarization was measured in human subjects who had chronic atrial leads. The aim of the study was to determine whether electrode polarization can be measured using a time integral atrial evoked-response integral (AERI) of the negative portion of the atrial paced ER evoked-response signal and to determine whether high-polarization atrial leads unsuitable for AutoCapture can be identified a priori. Atrial intracardiac-electrogram (IEGM) signals from 39 patients with implanted pacemakers were recorded and analyzed. The signals were recorded during conventional atrial-threshold searches. A total of 221 atrial-capture thresholds were recorded, ranging from 0.25 to 2.75 V with a mean of 0.79 V. Each evoked response was evaluated using the AERI in a 36 ms window following the 0.4 ms atrial stimulus. The polarization was estimated as a linear function of stimulus voltage using the evoked-response signal integral of captured beats identified on the IEGM. The 221 threshold-search datasets were obtained using leads with eight different electrode materials. Polarization could be measured using AERI as a function of stimulus voltage. Furthermore, this polarization measure can be used to identify high-polarization leads, which are ill suited for the atrial AutoCapture algorithm.

Published
2005
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36. Worldwide evaluation of a defibrillation lead with a small geometric electrode surface for high-impedance pacing.

Author

Vollmann D, Ahern T, Gerritse B, Canby RC, Zenker D, Binner L, Kimber SK, and Unterberg C

Subjects
Aged, Canada, Electric Impedance, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, United States, Defibrillators, Implantable, Electrodes, Implanted, Heart Diseases therapy
Abstract

Background: Pacing leads with a small electrode surface for high-impedance stimulation have been shown to prolong pacemaker longevity, but no sufficient data is available on the safety and feasibility of a defibrillation lead with this novel design., Methods: We evaluated the clinical performance of a tined, steroid-eluting defibrillation lead with a small electrode surface area (model 6944) in a prospective multicenter study. A total of 542 patients with conventional indications for an implantable cardioverter defibrillator were randomized 1:1 to receive either the model 6944 or a tined, steroid-eluting defibrillation lead with a conventional sized electrode surface area (model 6942). Device performance and electrical parameters were evaluated at implant and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter (mean follow-up 11.3 +/- 5.6 months)., Results: Baseline characteristics, lead implant success rates, and defibrillation thresholds did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. While pacing thresholds did not differ significantly during follow-up, pacing impedance was approximately twice as high in the model 6944 as in the model 6942 lead (P <.0001). Mean R-wave amplitudes were smaller in patients with a 6944 (9.1 +/- 3.1 mV vs 9.8 +/- 3.6 mV for model 6942, P <.05), but remained stable within both groups throughout the observation period. The total number of ventricular lead-related adverse events and patient survival did not differ significantly between the 2 groups., Conclusions: The use of a defibrillation lead with a small electrode surface for high-efficiency pacing is safe and feasible and increases pacing impedance without significantly compromising clinical performance.

Published
2003
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37. Feasibility of atrial sensing via a free-floating single-pass defibrillation lead for dual-chamber defibrillators.

Author

Schuchert A, Niehaus M, Binner L, Belke R, and Meinertz T

Subjects
Aged, Atrial Flutter diagnosis, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pacemaker, Artificial, Tachycardia, Supraventricular diagnosis, Tachycardia, Ventricular diagnosis, Arrhythmia, Sinus diagnosis, Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis, Defibrillators, Implantable
Abstract

Background: Detection and misclassification of rapidly conducted atrial fibrillation (AF) and marked sinus tachycardia by implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) can result in the delivery of inappropriate therapies. Continuous atrial sensing may improve the differentiation between supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia. The present approach is to implant a separate atrial pacing lead connected to a dual-chamber defibrillator. We hypothesized that a free-floating single-pass defibrillation lead reliably senses the atrial electrical activity. The aim of the study was to assess during implantation the efficacy of a custom-built free-floating single-pass defibrillation lead and to record sinus rhythm (SR), induced AF, and atrial flutter (Afl)., Methods: The free-floating single-pass defibrillation lead (Biotronik, Berlin, Germany) had an atrial bipole with 10 mm spacing and a distance between the atrial bipole and the electrode tip of 13.5, 15 or 17-cm. The lead was temporarily implanted in 15 patients during an ICD implantation. Fifteen seconds recordings were made during SR and after the induction of AF and Afl as well as during induced ventricular fibrillation. The amplitude and the time that the amplitude was less than 0.3 mV were assessed., Results: The amplitude during SR (2.1 +/- 1.4 mV) was significantly higher compared with the amplitudes for Afl (1.3 +/- 0.5 mV; p < 0.02) and AF (0.7 +/- 0.5 mV; p < 0.001). Low amplitudes were not observed during SR and rarely during Afl (1.6 +/- 3.1%), but they were observed 19.9 +/- 15.9% of the time during AF (p < 0.05). The correlation coefficients between SR and AF amplitudes were r = 0.25, between SR and Afl amplitudes r = 0.31, and between AF and Afl amplitudes r = 0.41. During the ventricular fibrillation conversion test 9 patients were in continuous SR. The P-wave amplitude before the induction of ventricular fibrillation was 2.1 +/- 1.4 mV. The signal during ventricular fibrillation decreased to 1.1 +/- 0.7 mV and increased immediately after the termination of ventricular fibrillation to 1.6 +/- 0.8 mV., Conclusions: The recorded unfiltered signals indicate that SR as well as AF and Afl can immediately be detected after the implantation of the new free-floating single-pass defibrillation lead. High signal amplitude during SR did not predict high amplitude during AF or Afl. During induced ventricular fibrillation the P-wave amplitude decreased intermittently.

Published
2003
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38. Autocapture enhancements: unipolar and bipolar lead compatibility and bipolar pacing capability on bipolar leads.

Author

Binner L, Messenger J, Sperzel J, Bondke H, Vandekerckhove Y, Poore J, Scheiner J, Berkhof M, Park E, Holmström N, and Bornzin GA

Subjects
Aged, Electrocardiography, Female, Humans, Male, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Pacemaker, Artificial
Abstract

Beat-by-beat Autocapture maximizes device longevity by minimizing stimulus amplitude while assuring patient safety. Currently, Autocapture permits use of only bipolar leads. The authors have devised a detection method that operates with unipolar and bipolar leads and covers all pacing and sensing combinations (but bipolar pace and sense simultaneously). This new detection method for unipolar sensing uses the integral of the negative portion of the unipolar evoked response as a robust capture detection feature. When using bipolar leads, the method provides the flexibility of bipolar or unipolar pacing. In this study, unipolar ventricular intracardiac electrograms (EGMs) were recorded in 71 patients, 73.7 +/- 9.9 years of age; 9 with high polarization, 62 with low polarization. High polarization had polished platinum or activated carbon electrodes. Low polarization had TiN, platinized platinum, or IrOx electrodes. The intracardiac EGMs were recorded 544 +/- 796 days after implant. The pacemakers performed an automatic capture threshold test while the intracardiac EGM signals were recorded in a programmer. These digitized signals were saved for off-line analysis. The unipolar evoked response was calculated at up to six (depending on capture threshold) pacing voltages and the polarization integral at 4.5 V and at loss of capture. An automatic calibration algorithm determined if the signal-to-noise ratio was adequate for Autocapture operation. Autocapture was possible with 60 of 62 of the low polarizations, and with 6 of 9 of the high polarizations. The average values form the data collected were: average unipolar evoked response--4.1 +/- 2.1 mV, average peak negative voltage--10.0 +/- 3.7 mV, average polarization 0.3 +/- 0.34 mV, and average signal-to-noise ratio (unipolar evoked response/ polarization) 38 +/- 71. In all cases the algorithm correctly determined the appropriateness of using Autocapture with the electrodes tested and the unipolar evoked response threshold to be used.

Published
2003
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39. Combipolar sensing in dual chamber pacing: is there still a need for bipolar leads in the atrium?

Author

Linde C, Markewitz A, Strandberg H, Larsson B, Binner L, and Schüller H

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Over Studies, Electrocardiography, Ambulatory, Equipment Design, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Single-Blind Method, Bradycardia therapy, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial methods, Electrodes, Implanted, Pacemaker, Artificial
Abstract

Bipolar leads have been shown to provide superior sensing conditions compared to unipolar leads as bipolar sensing is less susceptible to interference. However, the mechanical long-term integrity and longevity of bipolar leads is inferior to that of unipolar leads. A prospective randomized, multicenter study was performed to investigate a new atrial detection configuration called combipolar sensing. This new sensing concept is designed for the use of conventional unipolar leads in the atrium and the ventricle. While the atrial stimulation is unipolar, atrial sensing is accomplished in a bipolar way using the ventricular lead tip as the indifferent electrode. A modified dual chamber pacemaker provided with this sensing concept was implanted in 26 patients. At predischarge and at the 1- and 3-month follow-ups no significant differences in atrial sensing thresholds and P wave amplitudes were found between the unipolar and the combipolar sensing configuration at rest or during provocation. Myopotential inhibition could be demonstrated in 22 patients during unipolar sensing at sensitivity settings as "low" as 2 mV. In contrast, during combipolar sensing it could only be demonstrated in one patient once and only at the highest atrial sensitivity of 0.5 mV. Combipolar atrial sensing is feasible under normal conditions and during provocation. Myopotential interference is negligible. Thus, combipolar sensing offers comparable atrial sensing to bipolar without the disadvantages of a bipolar lead.

Published
2001
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42. Peak endocardial acceleration-based clinical testing of the "BEST" DDDR pacemaker. European PEA Clinical Investigation Group.

Author

Langenfeld H, Krein A, Kirstein M, and Binner L

Subjects
Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Algorithms, Electrocardiography, Ambulatory, Electrodes, Implanted, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Telemetry, Arrhythmias, Cardiac therapy, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial methods, Pacemaker, Artificial
Abstract

The peak endocardial acceleration (PEA, unit g) shows a near correlation with myocardial contractility during the isometric systolic contraction of the heart (dP/dtmax), with sympathetic activity and, thus, with physiological heart rate modulation. The (Biomechanical Endocardial Sorin Transducer (BEST) sensor is incorporated in the tip of a pacing lead and measures PEA directly near the myocardium. In an international study, the lead was implanted with the dual chamber pacemaker Living-1 (Sorin) in 105 patients. The behavior of the PEA signal was tested under conditions of physical and mental stress and during daily life activities by 24-hour recordings of PEA (PEA Holter) at 1 to 2 months and approximately 1 year after implantation. Implantation of the BEST lead was performed without complications in all patients. The sensor functioned properly in the short- and long-term in 98% of patients. Although PEA values differed from patient to patient, the values closely reflected the variations in sympathetic activity due to physical and mental stress in each patient. During exercise and during daily life activities a close correlation between PEA and heart rate was observed among patients with normal sinus rhythm. Peak endocardial acceleration allows a nearly physiological control of the pacing rate.

Published
1998
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43. Three-year experience with a stylet for lead extraction: a multicenter study.

Author

Alt E, Neuzner J, Binner L, Göhl K, Res JC, Knabe UH, Zehender M, and Reinhardt J

Subjects
Aged, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure, Humans, Surgical Instruments, Defibrillators, Implantable adverse effects, Electrodes, Implanted adverse effects, Pacemaker, Artificial adverse effects
Abstract

Introduction: The extraction of chronically implanted and infected pacemaker and defibrillator leads is an important issue. This article describes the experience gathered between 1990 and 1994 by seven European centers regarding a locking stylet that is uniformly applicable for a wide variety of internal pacing coil diameters. This interventional locking stylet for lead extraction has an outer diameter of 0.4 mm (0.016 inches). The stylet consists of a hollow shaft in which an inner traction wire is embedded. At the tip of the inner traction wire an anchoring mechanism, which can be opened by retraction, is applied. Removal attempts were made for 150 leads, 110 in ventricular and 40 in atrial positions., Results: Complete removal was possible in 122 cases (81%). Partial removal was possible in 18 cases (12%). Failure to remove the lead with the extraction stylet was experienced in 10 cases (7%). In seven patients, the leads were removed by cardiothoracic surgery; 3 defective leads were left in place. There were no serious complications associated with the procedure. None of the patients died., Conclusion: The experience with this extraction stylet for lead removal has shown good results. Despite a low complication rate thus far, each case for lead removal should be judged on the individual basis of benefit-to-risk ratio.

Published
1996
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44. Direct current application: easy induction of ventricular fibrillation for the determination of the defibrillation threshold in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.

Author

Weismüller P, Richter P, Binner L, Grossmann G, Hemmer W, Höher M, Kochs M, and Hombach V

Subjects
Electric Power Supplies, Electric Stimulation methods, Electrocardiography, Electrodes, Implanted, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Ventricular Fibrillation physiopathology, Ventricular Fibrillation therapy, Cardiac Catheterization, Electric Countershock instrumentation, Prostheses and Implants, Ventricular Fibrillation etiology
Abstract

For the determination of the defibrillation threshold, the induction of ventricular fibrillation is mandatory. However, in severely damaged hearts it is sometimes difficult to induce ventricular fibrillation by rapid stimulation or alternating current. Only rapid nonclinical ventricular tachycardias may result, and their cardioversion threshold may be different from the defibrillation threshold. Therefore, it was the purpose of this study to test the potential of direct current (DC) application to rapidly induce ventricular fibrillation in patients with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator. The defibrillation threshold had to be determined in 13 patients (9 with coronary heart disease, 4 with dilative cardiomyopathy, ejection fraction 35%) during and 2 weeks after the implantation of a cardioverter defibrillator. DC was applied 37 times by a commercially available 9-V DC battery via a bipolar catheter for about 3 seconds. Ventricular fibrillation was induced 23 times (62%) and rapid nonclinical ventricular tachycardias were induced six times (16%). In one patient clinical ventricular tachycardia was observed. In seven instances (19%) sinus rhythm remained. In 12 of the 13 patients, ventricular fibrillation could be induced by DC. Thus, the induction of ventricular fibrillation by DC application may serve as an additional tool to induce ventricular fibrillation, determining the defibrillation threshold in implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients.

Published
1992
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45. [A noncardiac pulmonary edema following aortocoronary bypass surgery. Diagnosis and therapy based on a case report].

Author

Schirmer U, Heinrich H, Binner L, and Ahnefeld FW

Subjects
Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Edema diagnosis, Pulmonary Edema therapy, Coronary Artery Bypass, Postoperative Complications, Pulmonary Edema etiology, Transfusion Reaction
Abstract

Noncardiac pulmonary edema can occur not only after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass but also after noncardiac operations. This so-called transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) has been attributed to the transfusion of homologous blood and plasma. In the presence of normal left ventricular function an acute increase in pulmonary capillary permeability leads to massive protein-rich pulmonary edema, reduced pulmonary function, and intravascular hypovolemia. This may be caused by leukocyte antibodies. Signs and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are discussed with reference to a case report.

Published
1992

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