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Introduction The incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) continues to rise and has become a serious health hazard worldwide. Abdominal tuina treatment for MetS has the advantages of high safety and strong patient compliance, but there is still a lack of high-quality evidence-based medicine evidence.While,the study of the pathogenesis of MetS has progressed slowly, and its initiating factors are still unknown, so it is crucial to explore its mechanisms. Methods and analysis This study was a randomized parallel controlled trial. One hundred and forty-four patients with metabolic sydrome patients with heat stagnation of liver and stomach sydrome were included, and the patients were randomly divided into a experimental group and a control group in a 1:1 ratio according to the random assignment principle, and the treatment course was 4 weeks in both groups. The control group was treated with conventional basic treatment based on lifestyle intervention; the experimental group was treated with abdominal massage (fifteen minutes) and acupoint pressure (thirty seconds/acupoint) on basis of the control group, 3 times/week, 12 times in total. Indicators were collected at different time points of the study, the results were analyzed and the safety was evaluated. Follow-up visits were performed 30 days after the end of the trial to assess the subjects' condition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficay and safety of abdominal tuina on the the early metabolic syndrome(MetS) patients with liver and stomach heat rentention type, and to provide new method and high quality evidence-based medical evidence for the prevention and treatment MetS.And to preliminary explore the action targets of abdominal tuina to improve MetS, provide theoretical basis for further mechanism exploration and direction for enriching the connotation of tuina theory. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR2200057997, Registered on 26 March 2022.

Background: Since the term of Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) was proposed, the field has attracted much attention, and research on biomarkers of CRS has gradually emerged. Now, many CRS biomarkers have been identified and applied in clinical practice for disease diagnosis, treatment guidance, prognosis prediction and so on. In this study, bibliometrics was used to analyze the current status, research hotspots and frontiers of CRS biomarkers, in order to provide some valuable information for the research in this field. Methods: Literature related to CRS biomarkers in the Web of Science database from 2003 to 2022 was searched. Based on CiteSpace, Vosviewer software and R program, the bibliometrics method was adopted to conduct quantitative retrospective analysis, visual presentation and result interpretation of the included literatures. Results: A total of 577 literatures related to CRS biomarkers were included.Since the study was carried out, the number of published papers has been on the rise. The United States dominates the field; The San Bortolo Hosp's publication ranks first; Claudio Ronco is the most influential author in the field, with an absolute advantage in the number of publications and citations. CARDIORENAL MEDICINE (IF=4.36) is the most published journal focusing on CRS research.Finally, the biomarkers and research hotspots of CRS are introduced. Conclusion: The exploration of new biomarkers is still a hotspot in this field, and their value in efficacy and prognosis is a potential research direction. Exploring the mechanism of disease and pathophysiology may be the forefront of research in this field in the future.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to a group of diseases involving the heart or blood vessels and is currently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many countries around the world and poses a serious economic burden. Macrophages are key effectors of inflammatory and innate immune responses, and their aberrant expression contributes to the development of various types of CVD.This study retrieved articles published from 1990-2022 on macrophages in CVD from the Web of Science core collection, based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer on these literature The annual output, countries and regions, institutions, authors, core journals, keywords and co-cited literature were analyzed. A total of 7,197 articles and reviews were retrieved, with a general upward trend despite slight fluctuations in annual publications. Europe, the United States and Asia are the main countries and regions publishing articles, especially the United States, with the highest number of articles (2,581), citations (173,692) and H-index (197), which also has the world's largest number of elite institutions, professional The country also has the world's largest number of elite institutions, professional researchers and high-impact journals, and is the leading country in this field of research. Keywords "inflammation", "immunology", "autophagy", "lipid-peroxidation" are the main pathogenesis of CVD caused by macrophages. "NLRP3", "nf kappa b" and "TNF-α" are the most frequently studied signalling pathways. Atherosclerosis, myocarditis and myocardial injury are the most studied disease types in this field. In addition, the study of macrophage-related CVD induced by COVID-19 seems to be a recent hot topic, and the mechanisms involved are mainly macrophage polarization, inflammatory factor storm, ACE2 and so on. The present study reveals hot spots and new trends in research on macrophages in CVD, which can provide scholars with key information in this field of research and help further explore new research directions.

In the last 20 years, the cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) field has received growing attention. There have been innovations in cardiorenal interaction patterns, biological markers and management of CRS, and even significant changes in its concept and the paradigm of CRS pathophysiology, which considerably increases the difficulties in understanding and in-depth study of this field. However, few study summarized the development process of CRS and critical issues. This review focuses on topical evolutions and emerging trends in CRS pathophysiology, diagnostic pathways, and treatment strategies. A quantitative retrospective analysis, visual review, and evaluation of 1452 articles published in the domain of CRS from 2003 to 2022 was conducted using a bibliometric analysis based on the classic CiteSpace and VOSviewer software rather than a general review, aiming to provide reasonable ideas and directions for future research on CRS.

The crosstalk between the heart and kidney is carried out through various bidirectional pathways. Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a pathological condition in which acute or chronic dysfunction in the heart or kidneys induces acute or chronic dysfunction of the other organ. Complex hemodynamic factors and biochemical and hormonal pathways contribute to the development of CRS. In addition to playing a critical role in generating metabolic energy in eukaryotic cells and serving as signaling hubs during several vital processes, mitochondria rapidly sense and respond to a wide range of stress stimuli in the external environment. Impaired adaptive responses ultimately lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, inducing cell death and tissue damage. Subsequently, these changes result in organ failure and trigger a vicious cycle. In vitro and animal studies have identified an important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis may be a promising therapeutic strategy to interrupt the vicious cycle between HF and acute kidney injury (AKI)/CKD. In this review, we hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction may also play a central role in the development and progression of CRS. We first focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of HF and AKI/CKD, then discuss the current research evidence supporting that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in various types of CRS.

Pathological cardiac remodeling normally involves changes in structure, function, and energy metabolism of the heart induced by cardiac injury or load, terminally leading to heart failure. Cardiac remodeling plays an essential role in the progression of cardiovascular disease, thus increasingly identified as an important therapeutic target for heart failure of all pathogenesis. Puerarin, as a natural isoflavone mainly from Pueraria lobata （Willd.）Ohwi, has been developed as injections, eye drops, microemulsions, etc., and is widely used in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases in eastern Asia countries. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that puerarin significantly inhibits myocardial hypertrophic growth, myocyte death, fetal gene expression, fibroblast proliferation and activation, improves energy metabolism, promotes post-infarction angiogenesis, and suppresses inflammation and oxidative stress, consequently attenuating or preventing cardiac remodeling in response to multiple stimuli ( e.g., pressure overload, MIRI, MI, Iso, and Ang II stimulation). This review summarized the roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of puerarin in cardiac remodeling induced by diverse etiologies, aiming to help develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse pathological ventricular remodeling.

Cardio-oncology has grown rapidly worldwide as an emerging interdisciplinary discipline over the past decade. In the present bibliometric review, we employed VOSviewer and Citespace software to describe the literature landscape concerning cardio-oncology from 2010 to 2022. As a result, a total of 1,194 relevant publications were identified in the Web of Science database with an increasing trend. The United States dominated the field during the research period, and Italy, England and Canada had emerged as significant contributors to the study. Ky. Bonnie, Herrmann. Joerg and Fradley. Michael G were the most productive researchers. JACC: CardioOncology was the journal dedicated to the discipline of cardio-oncology and had published the greatest number of papers. Vascular disease and atrial fibrillation have attracted much attention as the main cardiovascular burden. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-specific cardiovascular toxicity, biomarkers and imaging examination together with the prevention of cardio-oncology are potential research hotspots. Notably, basic research is lagging behind, for which more researches are needed to fill the gap. In conclusion, bibliometric analysis provided valuable information for the development of cardio-oncology, which is full of opportunities and challenges.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major global public health concern due to its high prevalence and mortality, and high healthcare cost. Conventional Western therapies for DKD fail to provide favourable efficacy. Chinese medicine (CM) has been widely used to combat DKD in China and other Asian countries. The clinical effects and mechanism of CM in treating DKD have not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes current knowledge of CM therapeutic modalities for DKD, especially Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), and potential mechanisms.

Background Chronic heart failure (CHF) is an advanced stage of various heart diseases and has become a major global health problem. In 2018, the Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of HF suggested adding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjunct to the treatment of CHF, but also pointed out the need for more convincing clinical evidences. Linggui Zhugan decoction (LGZGD) is one of the widely used TCM for CHF treatment, especially for patients with Yang deficiency. Given that treatment based on syndrome differentiation is an important principle in TCM, we provide a protocol to systematically evaluate efficacy and safety of LGZGD for CHF with Yang deficiency. Methods We will search the following electronic databases from inception to April 30, 2021, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Information Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Wanfang Database. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) examining the LGZGD on CHF patients with Yang deficiency will be included. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment will be conducted by 2 researchers, respectively. The primary outcome measures will be n-terminal brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular ejection fraction. The risk of bias will be evaluated by the Cochrane Collaboration tool. We will use the fixed-effects model or random-effects model of RevMan V.5.3 based on the results of heterogeneity assessment. The evidence quality of results will be assessed by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results It will provide the results about efficacy and safety of LGZGD in the treatment of CHF with Yang deficiency by various comprehensive assessments. Conclusions This study will provide reliable evidences about the efficacy and safety of LGZGD in the treatment of CHF with Yang deficiency. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not necessary for this study because the data extracted does not involve any individual privacy. We plan to presented the results of this review in a peer-reviewed journal. Prospero registration number CRD 42019140797.

Consent form. (PDF 361 kb)

SPIRIT checklist. (DOC 121 kb)

Certificates of manufacturing quality of TSF and placebo. (PDF 270 kb)

Obesity and its associated metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), have become major chronic diseases threatening public health. NAFLD is a chronic liver disorder that is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanism of Tangshen formula (TSF) on hepatic dyslipidemia and phenotypic switch of macrophage in db/db mice. Eight-week-old male C57BLKS/J db/m control and db/db mice were divided into 3 groups (namely db/m, db/db, db/db+TSF), and fed with TSF or distilled water for 12 weeks. It was found that after treatment with TSF, the triglycerides accumulation in db/db mice was decreased on the basis of oil red O staining with cryosections of liver tissues. And protein expressions of macrophage activation markers CD68 and F4/80 were decreased according to immunohistochemical analysis of hepatic sections. The mRNA level of TNF-α (M1 marker) was significantly decreased by TSF in db/db mice, but with no significant difference in Mrc1 and Arg1 (M2 marker). According to the results, TSF attenuated hepatic steatosis and relieved dyslipidemia, its mechanism may be correlated with the regulation of macrophage activation and phenotypic switch.

Tubular injury is closely correlated with the development of progressive diabetic nephropathy (DN), particularly in cases of type 2 diabetes. The apoptosis of tubular cells has been recognized as a major cause of tubular atrophy, followed by tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Electron transfer flavoprotein β (ETFβ) is known as an important electron acceptor in energy metabolism, but its role in DN was not fully understood. In the present study, we examined the expression pattern of ETFβ using diabetic kidney samples and further investigated ETFβ involvement in tubular epithelial cell (TEC) apoptosis. Human renal biopsy specimens from patients with DN as well as a spontaneous rat model of diabetes using Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats, were employed in order to examine the expression of ETFβ and cell apoptosis in kidneys during the development of DN (for the rats, at 36 and 56 weeks of age respectively). Moreover, ETFβ siRNA was used to investigate the role of ETFβ in the apoptosis of renal tubular cells. Our present results showed that the expression of ETFβ in the kidneys was progressively decreased both in patients with DN and OLETF rats, which coincided with progressive renal injury and TEC apoptosis. In addition, the in vitro study demonstrated that knockdown of ETFβ caused apoptosis in tubular cells, as proven by the increased expression of pro‑apoptotic proteins and TUNEL assay. Therefore, the findings of our present study suggest that ETFβ plays an important role in renal tubular cell apoptosis during the progression of DN.

Based on the theory and method of system dynamics, we establish a Chinai¯s SO2 emission trading policy model which includes SO2 pollution subsystem, policy implementation subsystem and policy effect of evaluation subsystem, and test the model from historical data and parameter sensitivity. And then, using Vensim software, annual SO2 emissions and policy effect of SO2 emission trading are simulated running from 2000to 2020. The testing results indicate that the model has high precision and accuracy, and simulation results show that the contribution of trading policy to controlling SO2 emission total amount will increase steadily form 2011, This conclusions will provide decision-making bases for designing and optimizing SO2 pollution control policies in China.

This paper firstly defined what tacit knowledge is and analyzes its network characters in an organization. Then, taking a small high-tech enterprise as a case, we constructed its tacit knowledge transfer network with methods of SNA by using software Ucinet6.237 and Pajek2.0, and make quantitative research of the whole network, individual networks and clique analysis. Finally we put forward some optimization tactics for the tacit knowledge transfer network based our research results. The research shows that the SNA is an effective method for revealing the network structure of the tacit knowledge transfer, and it provides scientific decision-making bases for optimization tactics in order to improving efficiency of tacit knowledge transfer in an organization.

Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and the main cause of end-stage renal disease. Present medications for DKD are not entirely satisfactory. Preliminary studies indicate that the Chinese herbal formula Tangshen Formula (TSF) appears to decrease the proteinuria and improve the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in DKD patients. Methods/design This trial is a five-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. DKD patients with a 24-h urinary protein (24 h UP) level between 0.5 and 3.5 g and serum creatinine