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1. PANDORA project: photo-nuclear reactions below $A=60$

Author

Tamii, A., Pellegri, L., Söderström, P. -A., Allard, D., Goriely, S., Inakura, T., Khan, E., Kido, E., Kimura, M., Litvinova, E., Nagataki, S., von Neumann-Cosel, P., Pietralla, N., Shimizu, N., Tsoneva, N., Utsuno, Y., Adachi, S., Adsley, P., Bahini, A., Balabanski, D., Baret, B., Bekker, J. A. C., Binda, S. D., Boicu, E., Bracco, A., Brandherm, I., Brezeanu, M., Brummer, J. W., Camera, F., Crespi, F. C. L., Dalal, R., Donaldson, L. M., Fujikawa, Y., Furuno, T., Haoning, H., Honda, Y., Gavrilescu, A., Inoue, A., Isaak, J., Jivan, H., Jones, P. M., Jongile, S., Just, O., Kawabata, T., Khumalo, T., Kiener, J., Kleemann, J., Kobayashi, N., Koshio, Y., Kuşoğlu, A., Li, K. C. W., Malatji, K. L., Molaeng, R. E., Motoki, H., Murata, M., Netshiya, A. A., Neveling, R., Niina, R., Okamoto, S., Ota, S., Papst, O., Parizot, E., Petruse, T., Reen, M. S., Ring, P., Sakanashi, K., Sideras-Haddad, E., Siem, S., Spall, M., Suda, T., Sudo, T., Taniguchi, Y., Tatischeff, V., Utsunomiya, H., Wang, H., Werner, V., Wibowo, H., Wiedeking, M., Wieland, O., Xu, Y., and Yang, Z. H.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Photo-nuclear reactions of light nuclei below a mass of $A=60$ are studied experimentally and theoretically by the PANDORA (Photo-Absorption of Nuclei and Decay Observation for Reactions in Astrophysics) project. Two experimental methods, virtual-photon excitation by proton scattering and real-photo absorption by a high-brilliance gamma-ray beam produced by laser Compton scattering, will be applied to measure the photo-absorption cross sections and the decay branching ratio of each decay channel as a function of the photon energy. Several nuclear models, e.g. anti-symmetrized molecular dynamics, mean-field type models, a large-scale shell model, and ab initio models, will be employed to predict the photo-nuclear reactions. The uncertainty in the model predictions will be evaluated from the discrepancies between the model predictions and the experimental data. The data and the predictions will be implemented in a general reaction calculation code TALYS . The results will be applied to the simulation of the photo-disintegration process of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in inter-galactic propagation.

Published
2022

2. PANDORA Project for the study of photonuclear reactions below A=60

Author

Tamii, A., Pellegri, L., Söderström, P.-A., Allard, D., Goriely, S., Inakura, T., Khan, E., Kido, E., Kimura, M., Litvinova, E., Nagataki, S., Neumann-Cosel, P. von, Pietralla, N., Shimizu, N., Tsoneva, N., Utsuno, Y., Adachi, S., Adsley, P., Bahini, A., Balabanski, D., Baret, B., Bekker, J. A. C., Binda, S. D., Boicu, E., Bracco, A., Brandherm, I., Brezeanu, M., Brummer, J. W., Camera, F., Crespi, F. C. L., Dalal, R., Donaldson, L. M., Fujikawa, Y., Furuno, T., Haoning, H., Higuchi, R., Honda, Y., Gavrilescu, A., Inoue, A., Isaak, J., Jivan, H., Jones, P., Jongile, S., Just, O., Kawabata, T., Khumalo, T., Kiener, J., Kleemann, J., Kobayashi, N., Koshio, Y., Kuşoğlu, A., Li, K. C. W., Malatji, K. L., Molaeng, R. E., Motoki, H., Murata, M., Netshiya, A. A., Neveling, R., Niina, R., Okamoto, S., Ota, S., Papst, O., Parizot, E., Petruse, T., Reen, M. S., Ring, P., Sakanashi, K., Sideras-Haddad, E., Siem, S., Spall, M., Suda, T., Sudo, T., Taniguchi, Y., Tatischeff, V., Utsunomiya, H., Wang, H., Werner, V., Wibowo, H., Wiedeking, M., Wieland, O., Xu, Y., and Yang, Z. H.

Published
2023
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4. Tracking the Spread of the BA.2.86 Lineage in Italy Through Wastewater Analysis

Author

Veneri, C, Brandtner, D, Mancini, P, Bonanno Ferraro, G, Iaconelli, M, Suffredini, E, Petrillo, M, Leoni, G, Paracchini, V, Gawlik, B, Marchini, A, Torlontano, P, Aprea, G, Scattolini, S, Acciari, V, La Bianca, M, Cifarelli, R, Palma, A, Lauria, G, La Vecchia, G, Giordano, V, Cossentino, L, Pennino, F, Lombardi, A, Gentili, L, Angelini, P, Nasci, D, Alborali, G, Formenti, N, Guarneri, F, Fontani, N, Guercio, M, Mariuz, M, Trani, G, Pariani, A, De Lellis, L, Ancona, C, Barca, A, Serio, F, Giorgi, D, Ferrante, I, Capparuccini, V, Scicluna, M, Cersini, A, Pietrella, G, Nicosia, E, Grasselli, E, Izzotti, A, Tomesani, I, Bellisomi, M, Rosatto, S, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Bertasi, B, Losio, M, Oliva, D, Castiglioni, S, Schiarea, S, Binda, S, Primache, V, Pellegrinelli, L, Cocuzza, C, Musumeci, R, Bolognini, L, Filippetti, F, Paniccia', M, Briscolini, S, Magi, S, Grucci, A, Colitti, M, Ciccaglione, A, Montanaro, C, Griglio, B, Costa, A, Decastelli, L, Romano, A, Bianchi, M, Carraro, E, Pignata, C, Macrì, M, Bonetta, S, Albano, N, Di Vittorio, G, Mongelli, O, Apollonio, F, Triggiano, F, De Giglio, O, Montagna, M, Palermo, M, Maida, C, Mazzucco, W, Tramuto, F, De Grazia, S, Giammanco, G, Filizzolo, C, Purpari, G, Gucciardi, F, Ferrante, M, Agodi, A, Barchitta, M, Cala', P, Carducci, A, Verani, M, Federigi, I, Macrì, S, Federici, E, Petricciuolo, M, Carnevali, A, Russo, F, Pitter, G, Groppi, V, Rigoli, F, Zampini, M, Baldovin, T, Amoruso, I, Cadonna, M, Postinghel, M, Foladori, P, Zago, L, Stenico, A, Marco, M, Matteo, D, La Rosa, G, Veneri, C., Brandtner, D., Mancini, P., Bonanno Ferraro, G., Iaconelli, M., Suffredini, E., Petrillo, M., Leoni, G., Paracchini, V., Gawlik, B. M., Marchini, A., Torlontano, Paolo, Aprea, Giuseppe, Scattolini, Silvia, Acciari, Vicdalia Aniela, La Bianca, Michele, Cifarelli, Rosa Anna, Palma, Achille, Lauria, Giuseppe, La Vecchia, Giovanna, Giordano, Vincenzo, Cossentino, Luigi, Pennino, Francesca, Lombardi, Annalisa, Gentili, Lisa, Angelini, Paola, Nasci, Daniele, Alborali, Giovanni, Formenti, Nicoletta, Guarneri, Flavia, Fontani, Nadia, Guercio, Marco, Mariuz, Marika, Trani, Gabriella, Pariani, Anna, De Lellis, Laura, Ancona, Carla, Barca, Alessandra, Serio, Flavia, Giorgi, Doriana Antonella, Ferrante, Irene, Capparuccini, Valeria, Scicluna, Maria Teresa, Cersini, Antonella, Pietrella, Gabriele, Nicosia, Elena, Grasselli, Elena, Izzotti, Alberto, Tomesani, Irene, Bellisomi, Marta, Rosatto, Stefano, Ammoni, Emanuela, Cereda, Danilo, Bertasi, Barbara, Losio, Marina Nadia, Oliva, Desdemona, Castiglioni, Sara, Schiarea, Silvia, Binda, Sandro, Primache, Valeria, Pellegrinelli, Laura, Cocuzza, Clementina, Musumeci, Rosario, Bolognini, Luigi, Filippetti, Fabio, Paniccia', Marta, Briscolini, Sara, Magi, Silvia, Grucci, Annalisa, Colitti, Michele, Ciccaglione, Angela, Montanaro, Carmen, Griglio, Bartolomeo, Costa, Angela, Decastelli, Lucia, Romano, Angelo, Bianchi, Manila, Carraro, Elisabetta, Pignata, Cristina, Macrì, Manuela, Bonetta, Silvia, Albano, Nehludoff, Di Vittorio, Giuseppe, Mongelli, Onofrio, Apollonio, Francesca, Triggiano, Francesco, De Giglio, Osvalda, Montagna, Maria Teresa, Palermo, Mario, Maida, Carmelo Massimo, Mazzucco, Walter, Tramuto, Fabio, De Grazia, Simona, Giammanco, Giovanni Maurizio, Filizzolo, Chiara, Purpari, Giuseppa, Gucciardi, Francesca, Ferrante, Margherita, Agodi, Antonella, Barchitta, Martina, Cala', Piergiuseppe, Carducci, Annalaura, Verani, Marco, Federigi, Ileana, Macrì, Salvatore, Federici, Ermanno, Petricciuolo, Maya, Carnevali, Agnese, Russo, Francesca, Pitter, Gisella, Groppi, Vanessa, Rigoli, Franco, Zampini, Marco, Baldovin, Tatjana, Amoruso, Irene, Cadonna, Maria, Postinghel, Mattia, Foladori, Paola, Zago, Lorella, Stenico, Alberta, Marco, Morelli, Matteo, Dossena, La Rosa, G., Veneri, C, Brandtner, D, Mancini, P, Bonanno Ferraro, G, Iaconelli, M, Suffredini, E, Petrillo, M, Leoni, G, Paracchini, V, Gawlik, B, Marchini, A, Torlontano, P, Aprea, G, Scattolini, S, Acciari, V, La Bianca, M, Cifarelli, R, Palma, A, Lauria, G, La Vecchia, G, Giordano, V, Cossentino, L, Pennino, F, Lombardi, A, Gentili, L, Angelini, P, Nasci, D, Alborali, G, Formenti, N, Guarneri, F, Fontani, N, Guercio, M, Mariuz, M, Trani, G, Pariani, A, De Lellis, L, Ancona, C, Barca, A, Serio, F, Giorgi, D, Ferrante, I, Capparuccini, V, Scicluna, M, Cersini, A, Pietrella, G, Nicosia, E, Grasselli, E, Izzotti, A, Tomesani, I, Bellisomi, M, Rosatto, S, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Bertasi, B, Losio, M, Oliva, D, Castiglioni, S, Schiarea, S, Binda, S, Primache, V, Pellegrinelli, L, Cocuzza, C, Musumeci, R, Bolognini, L, Filippetti, F, Paniccia', M, Briscolini, S, Magi, S, Grucci, A, Colitti, M, Ciccaglione, A, Montanaro, C, Griglio, B, Costa, A, Decastelli, L, Romano, A, Bianchi, M, Carraro, E, Pignata, C, Macrì, M, Bonetta, S, Albano, N, Di Vittorio, G, Mongelli, O, Apollonio, F, Triggiano, F, De Giglio, O, Montagna, M, Palermo, M, Maida, C, Mazzucco, W, Tramuto, F, De Grazia, S, Giammanco, G, Filizzolo, C, Purpari, G, Gucciardi, F, Ferrante, M, Agodi, A, Barchitta, M, Cala', P, Carducci, A, Verani, M, Federigi, I, Macrì, S, Federici, E, Petricciuolo, M, Carnevali, A, Russo, F, Pitter, G, Groppi, V, Rigoli, F, Zampini, M, Baldovin, T, Amoruso, I, Cadonna, M, Postinghel, M, Foladori, P, Zago, L, Stenico, A, Marco, M, Matteo, D, La Rosa, G, Veneri, C., Brandtner, D., Mancini, P., Bonanno Ferraro, G., Iaconelli, M., Suffredini, E., Petrillo, M., Leoni, G., Paracchini, V., Gawlik, B. M., Marchini, A., Torlontano, Paolo, Aprea, Giuseppe, Scattolini, Silvia, Acciari, Vicdalia Aniela, La Bianca, Michele, Cifarelli, Rosa Anna, Palma, Achille, Lauria, Giuseppe, La Vecchia, Giovanna, Giordano, Vincenzo, Cossentino, Luigi, Pennino, Francesca, Lombardi, Annalisa, Gentili, Lisa, Angelini, Paola, Nasci, Daniele, Alborali, Giovanni, Formenti, Nicoletta, Guarneri, Flavia, Fontani, Nadia, Guercio, Marco, Mariuz, Marika, Trani, Gabriella, Pariani, Anna, De Lellis, Laura, Ancona, Carla, Barca, Alessandra, Serio, Flavia, Giorgi, Doriana Antonella, Ferrante, Irene, Capparuccini, Valeria, Scicluna, Maria Teresa, Cersini, Antonella, Pietrella, Gabriele, Nicosia, Elena, Grasselli, Elena, Izzotti, Alberto, Tomesani, Irene, Bellisomi, Marta, Rosatto, Stefano, Ammoni, Emanuela, Cereda, Danilo, Bertasi, Barbara, Losio, Marina Nadia, Oliva, Desdemona, Castiglioni, Sara, Schiarea, Silvia, Binda, Sandro, Primache, Valeria, Pellegrinelli, Laura, Cocuzza, Clementina, Musumeci, Rosario, Bolognini, Luigi, Filippetti, Fabio, Paniccia', Marta, Briscolini, Sara, Magi, Silvia, Grucci, Annalisa, Colitti, Michele, Ciccaglione, Angela, Montanaro, Carmen, Griglio, Bartolomeo, Costa, Angela, Decastelli, Lucia, Romano, Angelo, Bianchi, Manila, Carraro, Elisabetta, Pignata, Cristina, Macrì, Manuela, Bonetta, Silvia, Albano, Nehludoff, Di Vittorio, Giuseppe, Mongelli, Onofrio, Apollonio, Francesca, Triggiano, Francesco, De Giglio, Osvalda, Montagna, Maria Teresa, Palermo, Mario, Maida, Carmelo Massimo, Mazzucco, Walter, Tramuto, Fabio, De Grazia, Simona, Giammanco, Giovanni Maurizio, Filizzolo, Chiara, Purpari, Giuseppa, Gucciardi, Francesca, Ferrante, Margherita, Agodi, Antonella, Barchitta, Martina, Cala', Piergiuseppe, Carducci, Annalaura, Verani, Marco, Federigi, Ileana, Macrì, Salvatore, Federici, Ermanno, Petricciuolo, Maya, Carnevali, Agnese, Russo, Francesca, Pitter, Gisella, Groppi, Vanessa, Rigoli, Franco, Zampini, Marco, Baldovin, Tatjana, Amoruso, Irene, Cadonna, Maria, Postinghel, Mattia, Foladori, Paola, Zago, Lorella, Stenico, Alberta, Marco, Morelli, Matteo, Dossena, and La Rosa, G.

Abstract

The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants poses challenges to global surveillance efforts, necessitating swift actions in their detection, evaluation, and management. Among the most recent variants, Omicron BA.2.86 and its sub-lineages have gained attention due to their potential immune evasion properties. This study describes the development of a digital PCR assay for the rapid detection of BA.2.86 and its descendant lineages, in wastewater samples. By using this assay, we analyzed wastewater samples collected in Italy from September 2023 to January 2024. Our analysis revealed the presence of BA.2.86 lineages already in October 2023 with a minimal detection rate of 2% which then rapidly increased, becoming dominant by January 2024, accounting for a prevalence of 62%. The findings emphasize the significance of wastewater-based surveillance in tracking emerging variants and underscore the efficacy of targeted digital PCR assays for environmental monitoring.

Published
2024

8. Prevalence, Outcome, and Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates Born to Women With Preconception Immunity (CHILd Study)

Author

Lilleri, D., Tassis, B., Pugni, L., Ronchi, A., Pietrasanta, C., Spinillo, A., Arossa, A., Achille, C., Vergani, P., Ornaghi, S., Riboni, S., Cavoretto, P., Candiani, M., Gaeta, G., Prefumo, F., Fratelli, N., Fichera, A., Vignali, M., Prun, A.B.D., Fabbri, E., Cetin, I., Locatelli, A., Consonni, S., Rutolo, S., Miotto, E., Savasi, V., Di Giminiani, M., Cromi, A., Binda, S., Fiorina, L., Furione, M., Cassinelli, G., Klersy, C., Lilleri, D, Tassis, B, Pugni, L, Ronchi, A, Pietrasanta, C, Spinillo, A, Arossa, A, Achille, C, Vergani, P, Ornaghi, S, Riboni, S, Cavoretto, P, Candiani, M, Gaeta, G, Prefumo, F, Fratelli, N, Fichera, A, Vignali, M, Prun, A, Fabbri, E, Cetin, I, Locatelli, A, Consonni, S, Rutolo, S, Miotto, E, Savasi, V, Di Giminiani, M, Cromi, A, Binda, S, Fiorina, L, Furione, M, Cassinelli, G, and Klersy, C

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Human cytomegalovirus, congenital infection, non-primary infection, pre-conception immunity, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, preconception immunity, Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Infectious Diseases, nonprimary infection, human cytomegalovirus, Settore MED/40 - Ginecologia e Ostetricia, human cytomegaloviru
Abstract

Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading infectious cause of congenital disabilities. We designed a prospective study to investigate the rate, outcome, and risk factors of congenital CMV (cCMV) infection in neonates born to immune women, and the potential need and effectiveness of hygiene recommendations in this population. Methods The study was composed of 2 sequential parts: an epidemiology (part 1) and a prevention (part 2) study. Performance of part 2 depended upon a cCMV rate >0.4%. Women enrolled in part 1 did not receive hygiene recommendations. Newborns were screened by HCMV DNA testing in saliva and cCMV was confirmed by urine testing. Results Saliva swabs were positive for HCMV DNA in 45/9661 newborns and cCMV was confirmed in 18 cases. The rate of cCMV was .19% (95% confidence interval [CI]: .11–.29%), and 3 out of 18 infants with cCMV had symptoms of CMV at birth. Age, nationality, occupation, and contact with children were similar between mothers of infected and noninfected newborns. Twin pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]: 7.2; 95% CI: 1.7–32.2; P = .037) and maternal medical conditions (OR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.5–10.1; P = .003) appeared associated with cCMV. Given the rate of cCMV was lower than expected, the prevention part of the study was cancelled. Conclusions Newborns from women with preconception immunity have a low rate of cCMV, which appears to be mostly due to reactivation of the latent virus. Therefore, serological screening in childbearing age would be pivotal to identify HCMV-seropositive women, whose newborns have a low risk of cCMV. Clinical trials registration www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03973359).

Published
2023

9. Evaluation of Pre‐Analytical and Analytical Methods for Detecting SARS‐CoV‐2 in Municipal Wastewater Samples in Northern Italy

Author

Pellegrinelli, L, Castiglioni, S, Cocuzza, C, Bertasi, B, Primache, V, Schiarea, S, Salmoiraghi, G, Franzetti, A, Musemeci, R, Tilola, M, Galuppini, E, Bertanza, G, Callegari, M, Stefani, F, Turolla, A, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Pariani, E, Binda, S, Pellegrinelli L., Castiglioni S., Cocuzza C. E., Bertasi B., Primache V., Schiarea S., Salmoiraghi G., Franzetti A., Musemeci R., Tilola M., Galuppini E., Bertanza G., Callegari M., Stefani F., Turolla A., Ammoni E., Cereda D., Pariani E., Binda S., Pellegrinelli, L, Castiglioni, S, Cocuzza, C, Bertasi, B, Primache, V, Schiarea, S, Salmoiraghi, G, Franzetti, A, Musemeci, R, Tilola, M, Galuppini, E, Bertanza, G, Callegari, M, Stefani, F, Turolla, A, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Pariani, E, Binda, S, Pellegrinelli L., Castiglioni S., Cocuzza C. E., Bertasi B., Primache V., Schiarea S., Salmoiraghi G., Franzetti A., Musemeci R., Tilola M., Galuppini E., Bertanza G., Callegari M., Stefani F., Turolla A., Ammoni E., Cereda D., Pariani E., and Binda S.

Abstract

(1) Background: The surveillance of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in urban wastewaters allows one to monitor the presence of the virus in a population, including asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals, capturing the real circulation of this pathogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of different pre‐analytical and analytical methods for identifying the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in untreated municipal wastewaters samples by conducting an inter‐laboratory proficiency test. (2) Methods: three methods of concentration, namely, (A) Dextran and PEG‐6000 two‐phase separation, (B) PEG‐8000 precipitation without a chloroform purification step and (C) PEG‐8000 precipitation with a chloroform purification step were combined with three different protocols of RNA extraction by using commercial kits and were tested by using two primers/probe sets in three different master mixes. (3) Results: PEG‐8000 precipitation without chloroform treatment showed the best performance in the SARS‐CoV‐2 recovery; no major differences were observed among the protocol of RNA extraction and the one‐step real‐time RT‐PCR master mix kits. The highest analytic sensitivity was observed by using primers/probe sets targeting the N1/N3 fragments of SARS‐CoV‐2. (4) Conclusions: PEG‐8000 precipitation in combination with real‐time RT‐PCR targeting the N gene (two fragments) was the best performing workflow for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in municipal wastewaters.

Published
2022

10. The rapid spread of SARS-COV-2 Omicron variant in Italy reflected early through wastewater surveillance

Author

La Rosa, G, Iaconelli, M, Veneri, C, Mancini, P, Bonanno Ferraro, G, Brandtner, D, Lucentini, L, Bonadonna, L, Rossi, M, Grigioni, M, Suffredini, E, Bucciarelli, G, Torlontano, P, Aprea, G, La Bianca, M, Cifarelli, R, Palma, A, La Vecchia, G, Lauria, G, Brienza, R, Montenegro, P, D'Argenzio, A, Cossentino, L, Olivares, R, Pizzolante, A, Fusco, G, Tosco, A, Porta, A, Pennino, F, Maria, T, Angelini, P, De Lellis, L, Nasci, D, Alborali, G, Formenti, N, Guarneri, F, Fontani, N, Nani, G, Palumbo, F, Borlone, G, Guercio, M, Gentili, L, Mariuz, M, Trani, G, Pariani, A, Ancona, C, Giorgi, D, Ferrante, I, Monfrinotti, M, Riosa, S, Capparuccini, V, Scicluna, M, Cersini, A, Arizzi, M, Cecchini, G, Ottaviano, C, Nicosia, E, Grasselli, E, Allaria, G, Izzotti, A, Rosatto, S, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Losio, M, Bertasi, B, Aliscioni, A, Oliva, D, Castiglioni, S, Schiarea, S, Zuccato, E, Antonelli, M, Azzellino, A, Malpei, F, Turolla, A, Binda, S, Laura, P, Primache, V, Cocuzza, C, Franzetti, A, Bertanza, G, Callegari, M, Bolognini, L, Filippetti, F, Paniccia', M, Ciuti, F, Briscolini, S, Magi, S, Colitti, M, Montanaro, C, Cerroni, M, Griglio, B, Berruti, R, Cravero, M, Costa, A, Bianchi, M, Decastelli, L, Romano, A, Zuccon, F, Carraro, E, Pignata, C, Bonetta, S, Di Vittorio, G, Mongelli, O, De Giglio, O, Apollonio, F, Triggiano, F, Montagna, M, Ungaro, N, Palermo, M, Maida, C, Mazzucco, W, De Grazia, S, Giammanco, G, Purpari, G, Ferrante, M, Agodi, A, Barchitta, M, Cala', P, Carducci, A, Verani, M, Federigi, I, Lauretani, G, Muzio, S, Ramazzotti, M, Antonelli, A, Ricci, E, Santoro, G, Federici, E, Petricciuolo, M, Barigelli, S, Ruffier, M, Borney, F, Grange, E, Damasco, F, Russo, F, Pitter, G, Groppi, V, Rigoli, F, Zampini, M, Baldovin, T, Amoruso, I, Mengon, E, Cadonna, M, Postinghel, M, Pizzo, F, Schiavuzzi, A, Cutrupi, F, Foladori, P, Manara, S, Zago, L, Stenico, A, Prast, A, La Rosa G., Iaconelli M., Veneri C., Mancini P., Bonanno Ferraro G., Brandtner D., Lucentini L., Bonadonna L., Rossi M., Grigioni M., Suffredini E., Bucciarelli G., Torlontano P., Aprea G., La Bianca M., Cifarelli R. A., Palma A., La Vecchia G., Lauria G., Brienza R., Montenegro P., D'Argenzio A., Cossentino L., Olivares R., Pizzolante A., Fusco G., Tosco A., Porta A., Pennino F., Maria T., Angelini P., De Lellis L., Nasci D., Alborali G., Formenti N., Guarneri F., Fontani N., Nani G., Palumbo F., Borlone G., Guercio M., Gentili L., Mariuz M., Trani G., Pariani A., Ancona C., Giorgi D. A., Ferrante I., Monfrinotti M., Riosa S., Capparuccini V., Scicluna M. T., Cersini A., Arizzi M., Cecchini G., Ottaviano C., Nicosia E., Grasselli E., Allaria G., Izzotti A., Rosatto S., Ammoni E., Cereda D., Losio M. N., Bertasi B., Aliscioni A., Oliva D., Castiglioni S., Schiarea S., Zuccato E., Antonelli M., Azzellino A., Malpei F., Turolla A., Binda S., Laura P., Primache V., Cocuzza C., Franzetti A., Bertanza G., Callegari M. L., Bolognini L., Filippetti F., Paniccia' M., Ciuti F., Briscolini S., Magi S., Colitti M., Montanaro C., Cerroni M. G., Griglio B., Berruti R., Cravero M., Costa A., Bianchi M., Decastelli L., Romano A., Zuccon F., Carraro E., Pignata C., Bonetta S., Di Vittorio G., Mongelli O., De Giglio O., Apollonio F., Triggiano F., Montagna M. T., Ungaro N., Palermo M., Maida C. M., Mazzucco W., De Grazia S., Giammanco G., Purpari G., Ferrante M., Agodi A., Barchitta M., Cala' P., Carducci A., Verani M., Federigi I., Lauretani G., Muzio S., Ramazzotti M., Antonelli A., Ricci E., Santoro G., Federici E., Petricciuolo M., Barigelli S., Ruffier M., Borney F., Grange E., Damasco F., Russo F., Pitter G., Groppi V., Rigoli F., Zampini M., Baldovin T., Amoruso I., Mengon E., Cadonna M., Postinghel M., Pizzo F., Schiavuzzi A., Cutrupi F., Foladori P., Manara S., Zago L., Stenico A., Prast A. -M., La Rosa, G, Iaconelli, M, Veneri, C, Mancini, P, Bonanno Ferraro, G, Brandtner, D, Lucentini, L, Bonadonna, L, Rossi, M, Grigioni, M, Suffredini, E, Bucciarelli, G, Torlontano, P, Aprea, G, La Bianca, M, Cifarelli, R, Palma, A, La Vecchia, G, Lauria, G, Brienza, R, Montenegro, P, D'Argenzio, A, Cossentino, L, Olivares, R, Pizzolante, A, Fusco, G, Tosco, A, Porta, A, Pennino, F, Maria, T, Angelini, P, De Lellis, L, Nasci, D, Alborali, G, Formenti, N, Guarneri, F, Fontani, N, Nani, G, Palumbo, F, Borlone, G, Guercio, M, Gentili, L, Mariuz, M, Trani, G, Pariani, A, Ancona, C, Giorgi, D, Ferrante, I, Monfrinotti, M, Riosa, S, Capparuccini, V, Scicluna, M, Cersini, A, Arizzi, M, Cecchini, G, Ottaviano, C, Nicosia, E, Grasselli, E, Allaria, G, Izzotti, A, Rosatto, S, Ammoni, E, Cereda, D, Losio, M, Bertasi, B, Aliscioni, A, Oliva, D, Castiglioni, S, Schiarea, S, Zuccato, E, Antonelli, M, Azzellino, A, Malpei, F, Turolla, A, Binda, S, Laura, P, Primache, V, Cocuzza, C, Franzetti, A, Bertanza, G, Callegari, M, Bolognini, L, Filippetti, F, Paniccia', M, Ciuti, F, Briscolini, S, Magi, S, Colitti, M, Montanaro, C, Cerroni, M, Griglio, B, Berruti, R, Cravero, M, Costa, A, Bianchi, M, Decastelli, L, Romano, A, Zuccon, F, Carraro, E, Pignata, C, Bonetta, S, Di Vittorio, G, Mongelli, O, De Giglio, O, Apollonio, F, Triggiano, F, Montagna, M, Ungaro, N, Palermo, M, Maida, C, Mazzucco, W, De Grazia, S, Giammanco, G, Purpari, G, Ferrante, M, Agodi, A, Barchitta, M, Cala', P, Carducci, A, Verani, M, Federigi, I, Lauretani, G, Muzio, S, Ramazzotti, M, Antonelli, A, Ricci, E, Santoro, G, Federici, E, Petricciuolo, M, Barigelli, S, Ruffier, M, Borney, F, Grange, E, Damasco, F, Russo, F, Pitter, G, Groppi, V, Rigoli, F, Zampini, M, Baldovin, T, Amoruso, I, Mengon, E, Cadonna, M, Postinghel, M, Pizzo, F, Schiavuzzi, A, Cutrupi, F, Foladori, P, Manara, S, Zago, L, Stenico, A, Prast, A, La Rosa G., Iaconelli M., Veneri C., Mancini P., Bonanno Ferraro G., Brandtner D., Lucentini L., Bonadonna L., Rossi M., Grigioni M., Suffredini E., Bucciarelli G., Torlontano P., Aprea G., La Bianca M., Cifarelli R. A., Palma A., La Vecchia G., Lauria G., Brienza R., Montenegro P., D'Argenzio A., Cossentino L., Olivares R., Pizzolante A., Fusco G., Tosco A., Porta A., Pennino F., Maria T., Angelini P., De Lellis L., Nasci D., Alborali G., Formenti N., Guarneri F., Fontani N., Nani G., Palumbo F., Borlone G., Guercio M., Gentili L., Mariuz M., Trani G., Pariani A., Ancona C., Giorgi D. A., Ferrante I., Monfrinotti M., Riosa S., Capparuccini V., Scicluna M. T., Cersini A., Arizzi M., Cecchini G., Ottaviano C., Nicosia E., Grasselli E., Allaria G., Izzotti A., Rosatto S., Ammoni E., Cereda D., Losio M. N., Bertasi B., Aliscioni A., Oliva D., Castiglioni S., Schiarea S., Zuccato E., Antonelli M., Azzellino A., Malpei F., Turolla A., Binda S., Laura P., Primache V., Cocuzza C., Franzetti A., Bertanza G., Callegari M. L., Bolognini L., Filippetti F., Paniccia' M., Ciuti F., Briscolini S., Magi S., Colitti M., Montanaro C., Cerroni M. G., Griglio B., Berruti R., Cravero M., Costa A., Bianchi M., Decastelli L., Romano A., Zuccon F., Carraro E., Pignata C., Bonetta S., Di Vittorio G., Mongelli O., De Giglio O., Apollonio F., Triggiano F., Montagna M. T., Ungaro N., Palermo M., Maida C. M., Mazzucco W., De Grazia S., Giammanco G., Purpari G., Ferrante M., Agodi A., Barchitta M., Cala' P., Carducci A., Verani M., Federigi I., Lauretani G., Muzio S., Ramazzotti M., Antonelli A., Ricci E., Santoro G., Federici E., Petricciuolo M., Barigelli S., Ruffier M., Borney F., Grange E., Damasco F., Russo F., Pitter G., Groppi V., Rigoli F., Zampini M., Baldovin T., Amoruso I., Mengon E., Cadonna M., Postinghel M., Pizzo F., Schiavuzzi A., Cutrupi F., Foladori P., Manara S., Zago L., Stenico A., and Prast A. -M.

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged in South Africa in November 2021, and has later been identified worldwide, raising serious concerns. A real-time RT-PCR assay was designed for the rapid screening of the Omicron variant, targeting characteristic mutations of the spike gene. The assay was used to test 737 sewage samples collected throughout Italy (19/21 Regions) between 11 November and 25 December 2021, with the aim of assessing the spread of the Omicron variant in the country. Positive samples were also tested with a real-time RT-PCR developed by the European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), and through nested RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Overall, 115 samples tested positive for Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant. The first occurrence was detected on 7 December, in Veneto, North Italy. Later on, the variant spread extremely fast in three weeks, with prevalence of positive wastewater samples rising from 1.0% (1/104 samples) in the week 5–11 December, to 17.5% (25/143 samples) in the week 12–18, to 65.9% (89/135 samples) in the week 19–25, in line with the increase in cases of infection with the Omicron variant observed during December in Italy. Similarly, the number of Regions/Autonomous Provinces in which the variant was detected increased from one in the first week, to 11 in the second, and to 17 in the last one. The presence of the Omicron variant was confirmed by the JRC real-time RT-PCR in 79.1% (91/115) of the positive samples, and by Sanger sequencing in 66% (64/97) of PCR amplicons. In conclusion, we designed an RT-qPCR assay capable to detect the Omicron variant, which can be successfully used for the purpose of wastewater-based epidemiology. We also described the history of the introduction and diffusion of the Omicron variant in the Italian population and territory, confirming the effectiveness of sewage monitoring as a powerful surveillance tool.

Published
2022

11. Prevalence, Outcome, and Prevention of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates Born to Women With Preconception Immunity (CHILd Study)

Author

Lilleri, D, Tassis, B, Pugni, L, Ronchi, A, Pietrasanta, C, Spinillo, A, Arossa, A, Achille, C, Vergani, P, Ornaghi, S, Riboni, S, Cavoretto, P, Candiani, M, Gaeta, G, Prefumo, F, Fratelli, N, Fichera, A, Vignali, M, Prun, A, Fabbri, E, Cetin, I, Locatelli, A, Consonni, S, Rutolo, S, Miotto, E, Savasi, V, Di Giminiani, M, Cromi, A, Binda, S, Fiorina, L, Furione, M, Cassinelli, G, Klersy, C, Lilleri, Daniele, Tassis, Beatrice, Pugni, Lorenza, Ronchi, Andrea, Pietrasanta, Carlo, Spinillo, Arsenio, Arossa, Alessia, Achille, Cristian, Vergani, Patrizia, Ornaghi, Sara, Riboni, Silvia, Cavoretto, Paolo, Candiani, Massimo, Gaeta, Gerarda, Prefumo, Federico, Fratelli, Nicola, Fichera, Anna, Vignali, Michele, Prun, Allegra Barbasetti Di, Fabbri, Elisa, Cetin, Irene, Locatelli, Anna, Consonni, Sara, Rutolo, Simona, Miotto, Elena, Savasi, Valeria, Di Giminiani, Maria, Cromi, Antonella, Binda, Sandro, Fiorina, Loretta, Furione, Milena, Cassinelli, Gabriela, Klersy, Catherine, Lilleri, D, Tassis, B, Pugni, L, Ronchi, A, Pietrasanta, C, Spinillo, A, Arossa, A, Achille, C, Vergani, P, Ornaghi, S, Riboni, S, Cavoretto, P, Candiani, M, Gaeta, G, Prefumo, F, Fratelli, N, Fichera, A, Vignali, M, Prun, A, Fabbri, E, Cetin, I, Locatelli, A, Consonni, S, Rutolo, S, Miotto, E, Savasi, V, Di Giminiani, M, Cromi, A, Binda, S, Fiorina, L, Furione, M, Cassinelli, G, Klersy, C, Lilleri, Daniele, Tassis, Beatrice, Pugni, Lorenza, Ronchi, Andrea, Pietrasanta, Carlo, Spinillo, Arsenio, Arossa, Alessia, Achille, Cristian, Vergani, Patrizia, Ornaghi, Sara, Riboni, Silvia, Cavoretto, Paolo, Candiani, Massimo, Gaeta, Gerarda, Prefumo, Federico, Fratelli, Nicola, Fichera, Anna, Vignali, Michele, Prun, Allegra Barbasetti Di, Fabbri, Elisa, Cetin, Irene, Locatelli, Anna, Consonni, Sara, Rutolo, Simona, Miotto, Elena, Savasi, Valeria, Di Giminiani, Maria, Cromi, Antonella, Binda, Sandro, Fiorina, Loretta, Furione, Milena, Cassinelli, Gabriela, and Klersy, Catherine

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading infectious cause of congenital disabilities. We designed a prospective study to investigate the rate, outcome, and risk factors of congenital CMV (cCMV) infection in neonates born to immune women, and the potential need and effectiveness of hygiene recommendations in this population. METHODS: The study was composed of 2 sequential parts: an epidemiology (part 1) and a prevention (part 2) study. Performance of part 2 depended upon a cCMV rate >0.4%. Women enrolled in part 1 did not receive hygiene recommendations. Newborns were screened by HCMV DNA testing in saliva and cCMV was confirmed by urine testing. RESULTS: Saliva swabs were positive for HCMV DNA in 45/9661 newborns and cCMV was confirmed in 18 cases. The rate of cCMV was .19% (95% confidence interval [CI]: .11-.29%), and 3 out of 18 infants with cCMV had symptoms of CMV at birth. Age, nationality, occupation, and contact with children were similar between mothers of infected and noninfected newborns. Twin pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]: 7.2; 95% CI: 1.7-32.2; P = .037) and maternal medical conditions (OR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.5-10.1; P = .003) appeared associated with cCMV. Given the rate of cCMV was lower than expected, the prevention part of the study was cancelled. CONCLUSIONS: Newborns from women with preconception immunity have a low rate of cCMV, which appears to be mostly due to reactivation of the latent virus. Therefore, serological screening in childbearing age would be pivotal to identify HCMV-seropositive women, whose newborns have a low risk of cCMV. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03973359).

Published
2023

17. The in-orbit performances of GIOVE clocks

Author

Waller, P., Gonzalez, F., Binda, S., Sesia, I., Hidalgo, I., Tobias, G., and Tavella, P.

Subjects
Atomic clocks -- Evaluation, Research institutes -- Management, Rubidium -- Electric properties, Rubidium -- Acoustic properties, Company business management, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries, European Space Agency -- Management
Published
2010

18. Group A rotavirus surveillance before vaccine introduction in Italy, September 2014 to August 2017

Author

Ianiro G, Micolano R, Di Bartolo I, Scavia G, Monini M, Pagani E, Moroder L, Aschbacher R, Binda S, Pellegrinelli L, Farina C, Mignacca A, Bruno R, Vuolo A, Peyronel, Contarini MN, Zanella F, Bordignon G, Zoppelletto M, Affanni P, Lazzarotto T, Chiereghin, Recanatini C, D’Errico M, Camilloni, Concato C, Onori M, Valentini D, Campagnuolo, Mungiguerra M, Chironna M, Morea A, Castiglia P., Ianiro G, Micolano R, Di Bartolo I, Scavia G, Monini M, and Pagani E, Moroder L, Aschbacher R, Binda S, Pellegrinelli L, Farina C, Mignacca A, Bruno R, Vuolo A, Peyronel, Contarini MN, Zanella F, Bordignon G, Zoppelletto M, Affanni P, Lazzarotto T, Chiereghin, Recanatini C, D’Errico M, Camilloni, Concato C, Onori M, Valentini D, Campagnuolo, Mungiguerra M, Chironna M, Morea A, Castiglia P.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, group A rotavirus, genotype, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata, Reassortment, molecular methods, medicine.disease_cause, Group A, group A rotaviru, 0302 clinical medicine, Rotavirus, Genotype, Epidemiology, molecular method, 030212 general & internal medicine, acute gastroenteritis, Child, Antigens, Viral, infection control, Gastroenteritis, epidemiology, human, Italy, rotavirus, rotavirus infection, statistics, surveillance, viral infections, Child, Preschool, RNA, Viral, acute gastroenteriti, medicine.medical_specialty, statistic, Biology, Rotavirus Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Humans, Routine screening, rotaviru, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Acute gastroenteritis, Vaccine introduction, 030104 developmental biology, Sentinel Surveillance
Abstract

Introduction Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children, causing ca 250,000 deaths worldwide, mainly in low-income countries. Two proteins, VP7 (glycoprotein, G genotype) and VP4 (protease-sensitive protein, P genotype), are the basis for the binary RVA nomenclature. Although 36 G types and 51 P types are presently known, most RVA infections in humans worldwide are related to five G/P combinations: G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8]. Aim This study aimed to characterise the RVA strains circulating in Italy in the pre-vaccination era, to define the trends of circulation of genotypes in the Italian paediatric population. Methods Between September 2014 and August 2017, after routine screening in hospital by commercial antigen detection kit, 2,202 rotavirus-positive samples were collected in Italy from children hospitalised with AGE; the viruses were genotyped following standard European protocols. Results This 3-year study revealed an overall predominance of the G12P[8] genotype (544 of 2,202 cases; 24.70%), followed by G9P[8] (535/2,202; 24.30%), G1P[8] (459/2,202; 20.84%) and G4P[8] (371/2,202; 16.85%). G2P[4] and G3P[8] genotypes were detected at low rates (3.32% and 3.09%, respectively). Mixed infections accounted for 6.49% of cases (143/2,202), uncommon RVA strains for 0.41% of cases (9/2,202). Conclusions The emergence of G12P[8] rotavirus in Italy, as in other countries, marks this genotype as the sixth most common human genotype. Continuous surveillance of RVA strains and monitoring of circulating genotypes are important for a better understanding of rotavirus evolution and genotype distribution, particularly regarding strains that may emerge from reassortment events.

Published
2019

21. A 4-year Study on Epidemiologic and Molecular Characteristics of Human Parechoviruses and Enteroviruses Circulating in Children Younger Than 5 Years in Northern Italy

Author

Bubba, L, Martinelli, M, Pellegrinelli, L, Primache, V, Tanzi, E, Pariani, E, Binda, S, MARTINELLI, MARIANNA, Binda, S., Bubba, L, Martinelli, M, Pellegrinelli, L, Primache, V, Tanzi, E, Pariani, E, Binda, S, MARTINELLI, MARIANNA, and Binda, S.

Abstract

Background: Human parechovirus (HPeV) and enterovirus (EV) infections are widespread and can lead to a broad range of symptoms, from the common cold to severe disease (SD). Because of the lack of Italian data, this 4-year retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the frequency, seasonality and molecular characteristics of EV and HPeV circulating in children younger than 5 years. Methods: A total of 812 samples were collected from children ≤5 years (56.5% males; median age: 20.6 months; interquartile range: 30.1 months) from September 2010 to August 2014. Two real-time RT-PCR assays were used for EV/HPeV and EV-D68 detection. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the EV-VP1 gene and the HPeV-VP3/VP1 junction. Results: 16.1% and 5.2% of samples were EV- and HPeV-positive, respectively. One sample was EV-D68-positive. The majority (nearly 80%) of EV/HPeV-positive samples was detected in children ≤3 years, during the summer/autumn seasons. The risk of EV infection was higher in children presenting with SD, whereas the risk of infection from HPeV was higher in infants ≤1 year. Most (61.7%) of molecularly characterized EVs belonged to species B, followed by A (29.4%). The majority (66.7%) of characterized HPeVs were type 1, followed by types 3 (20%) and 6 (13.3%). Conclusions: This study shows the significant impact of EV/HPeV circulation in children, particularly among those ≤3 years and during and early autumn, with different pattern of viral strains. The implementation of a national surveillance system could clarify the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of these viruses in the general population.

Published
2017

22. Twenty-nine Cases of Enterovirus-D68-associated Acute Flaccid Myelitis in Europe 2016: A Case Series and Epidemiologic Overview

Author

Knoester, Marjolein, Helfferich, J, Poelman, Randy, Van Leer-Buter, Coretta, Brouwer, OF, Niesters, Hubert G.M., Aberle, SW, Popow-Kraupp, T, Nikolaeva-Glomb, L, Rainetova, P, Midgley, Sofie, Fischer, T.K., Simonlatser, G, Savolainen-Kopra, Carita, Lina, Bruno, Shuffenecker, I, Kossorotoff, M, Antona, D, Eis-Hübinger, Anna M., Buderus, S, Panning, Marcus, Nowotny, Marlene, Kiechle, L, Böttcher, S, Takács, Monika, Farkas, Árpád, Love, A, Baldanti, Fausto, Piralla, Antonio, Capobianchi, Maria R, Valli, Mats, Esposito, S, Pariani, E, Binda, S, Neuteboom, R, Pas, Suzan D., Benschop, Kimberley, Meijer, A, Nordbø, SA, Hafström, Maria, Dudman, Susanne Gjeruldsen, Pfeiffer, H, Guiomar, R, Palminha, P, Costa, I, Dias, Assembayev, Tecu, C, Cherciu, CM, Lazarevic, Ivana, Filipovic-Vignjevic, S, Berginc, Natasa, Marguello, MG, Cabrerizo, Maria, Garcia-Iniguez, JP, Perez-Castro, S, Rodrigo, CP, Antón, Annie, Rabella, N, Dyrdak, Robert, Albert, J, Kramer, R.B.G., Stacpoole, S, Thomas, R, O'Flaherty, N, Drew, RA, Templeton, K, McDougall, Craig, Eunson, Paul, Chinchankar, N, Shetty, J, Moore, Catherine, and Williams, C

Subjects
Male, Baclofen, PARALYSIS, viruses, OUTBREAK, Settore MED/42 - Igiene Generale e Applicata, Respiratory System, ENTEROVIRUS D68 INFECTION, CHILDREN, medicine.disease_cause, Pediatrics, Original Studies, Disease Outbreaks, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, EV-D68, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, UPPER RESPIRATORY-TRACT, AUGUST, Enterovirus D, Human, enterovirus, Respiratory disease, virus diseases, Neuromuscular Diseases, Middle Aged, Perinatology and Child Health, Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia Clinica, Europe, medicine.anatomical_structure, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Muscle Hypotonia, Respiratory virus, Female, Rhinovirus, NEUROLOGICAL ILLNESS, laboratory surveillance, Adult, Microbiology (medical), Adolescent, Picornaviridae, Enterovirus D, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, myelitis, 030225 pediatrics, Enterovirus Infections, Humans, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, Infant, enterovirus D68, CLUSTER, medicine.disease, Virology, Acute flaccid myelitis, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Central Nervous System Viral Diseases, Deglutition Disorders, business, Enterovirus D68, Respiratory tract
Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Background: Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) is a respiratory virus within the genus Enterovirus and the family of Picornaviridae. Genetically, it is closely related to rhinovirus that replicates in the respiratory tract and causes respiratory disease. Since 2014, EV-D68 has been associated with the neurologic syndrome of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Methods: In October 2016, questionnaires were sent out to a European network including 66 virologists and clinicians, to develop an inventory of EV-D68–associated AFM cases in Europe. Clinical and virologic information of case patients was requested. In addition, epidemiologic information on EV testing was collected for the period between March and October 2016. Results: Twenty-nine cases of EV-D68–associated AFM were identified, from 12 different European countries. Five originated from France, 5 from Scotland and 3 each from Sweden, Norway and Spain. Twenty-six were children (median age 3.8 years), 3 were adults. EV-D68 was detected in respiratory materials (n = 27), feces (n = 8) and/or cerebrospinal fluid (n = 2). Common clinical features were asymmetric flaccid limb weakness, cranial nerve deficits and bulbar symptoms. On magnetic resonance imaging, typical findings were hyperintensity of the central cord and/or brainstem; low motor amplitudes with normal conduction velocities were seen on electromyography. Full clinical recovery was rare (n = 3), and 2 patients died. The epidemiologic data from 16 European laboratories showed that of all EV-D68–positive samples, 99% was detected in a respiratory specimen. Conclusions: For 2016, 29 EV-D68–related AFM cases were identified in mostly Western Europe. This is likely an underestimation, because case identification is dependent on awareness among clinicians, adequate viral diagnostics on respiratory samples and the capability of laboratories to type EVs.

Published
2019

25. What people know about congenital CMV: an analysis of a large heterogeneous population through a web-based survey

Author

Binda, S, Pellegrinelli, L, Primache, V, Bubba, L, Barbi, M., TERRANEO, MARCO, CASERINI, ALESSANDRA, Binda, S, Pellegrinelli, L, Terraneo, M, Caserini, A, Primache, V, Bubba, L, and Barbi, M

Subjects
Awareness of congenital cytomegalovirus, Web survey, Infectious Diseases, Cytomegaloviru, Cytomegalovirus, Awareness of congenital cytomegaloviru, Research Article
Abstract

Background: Congenital CMV (cCMV) infection is a serious public health issue due to both its worldwide prevalence and the severe and permanent impairments it causes. However, awareness of this infection is low in the general population and among pregnant women, and it also seems to be generally disregarded by healthcare providers. The identification of factors behind this inadequate level of knowledge could provide a basis for future preventive measures. This study aimed at evaluating awareness of CMV and cCMV infection and its correlation with socio-demographic variables in a general population. Methods: The survey was carried out by computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI). A questionnaire was sent via e-mail to the 70,975 individuals who comprised the whole population (students, administrative staff, teaching staff) of Milan University, Italy in 2015. Results: Out of the 10,190 respondents, 5,351 (52.5 %) had already heard of CMV but only 3,216 (31.8 %) knew that this virus could be implicated in congenital infection. Urine and breastfeeding were the least recognized transmission routes for CMV infection; less than half of respondents accurately identified the right symptoms and sequelae caused by cCMV infection. The correct hygienic measures against cCMV infection were identified in percentages ranging from 55.6 to 75 % depending on the measures proposed but about one in three of interviewees deemed those measures unnecessary in the event of a pregnant woman already being CMV seropositive. From the mean knowledge scores the most complete quality of awareness of CMV turned out to be linked to childbearing-age (25-40 year) and with not having children, even if results for non-parents showed less of them having heard of cCMV than parents. Conclusion: Our results indicate a limited and confused awareness of cCMV infection in a large, fairly young and well-educated Italian population.

Published
2016

26. Uncommon G9P[4] group A rotavirus strains causing dehydrating diarrhea in young children in Italy

Author

Ianiro, G., Recanatini, C., D'Errico, M. M., Monini, M., Pagani, E., Moroder, L., Binda, S., Pellegrinelli, L., Mignacca, A., Bruno, R., Vuolo, A., Zanella, F., Bordignon, G., Affanni, P., Lazzarotto, T., Chiereghin, A., Camilloni, B., Concato, C., Onori, M., Valentini, D., Chironna, M., Morea, A., and Castiglia, P.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Male, Rotavirus, Diarrhea, medicine.medical_specialty, Genes, Viral, Genotype, Nucleotide sequencing, Genome, Viral, P[4], Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Group A, Rotavirus Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, Epidemiology, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Public Health Surveillance, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology, Genotyping, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, G9, Molecular Epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Group A rotavirus, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Virology, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Child, Preschool, Group A rotaviruses, Female, medicine.symptom, Human
Abstract

Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are one of the major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children, being responsible for up to 250.000 deaths worldwide, mostly in developing countries. The two outer capsid proteins VP7 (glycoprotein, G-genotype) and VP4 (protease-sensitive protein, P-genotype) are the basis for the binary RVA nomenclature. Although at least 36 G-types and 51 P-types of rotavirus are presently known, most RVA infections in humans, worldwide as well as in Italy, are related to six major G/P combinations: G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8] and G12P[8]. In November 2016, in the framework of the Italian 2016/17 rotavirus surveillance season, a total of 22 rotavirus-positive samples from hospitalized children presenting AGE symptoms were collected in a small area of Central Italy (Ancona, Marche). After genotyping, 3 samples presented the G9P[4] genotype. In order to better understand the origin of these uncommon RVA strains causing dehydrating diarrhea in three children, the strains RVA/Human-wt/ITA/AN18/2016/G9P[4], RVA/Human-wt/ITA/AN19/2016/G9P[4] and RVA/Human-wt/ITA/AN22/2016/G9P[4] were subjected to nucleotide sequencing of all the 11 gene segments to define their genomic constellation. Nucleotide sequencing revealed that the genomic constellation of the three strains was G9-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2, highlighting human origin for all the gene segments investigated. The molecular characterization of RVAs and the continue monitoring of their circulation is needed to better define the epidemiology of these pathogen and to detect the emergence of viral variants presenting a high spreading potential in humans in the post-vaccination era.

Published
2018

27. Tobacco and e-cigarette smoking habits among Italian healthcare students.

Author

Prigitano, A., Binda, S., Pariani, E., Destrebecq, A., Castaldi, S., Cogliati, M., Esposto, M. C., and RomanÃ, L.

Subjects
ELECTRONIC cigarettes, SMOKING cessation, CROSS-sectional method, MEDICAL students, DISEASE prevalence
Abstract

Copyright of Annali di Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e di Comunità is the property of Societa Editrice Universo s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020
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28. Galileo System Status, Performance Metrics and Results

Author

Galluzzo, G., primary, Rodriguez, R. Lucas, additional, Morgan-Owen, R., additional, Binda, S., additional, Blonski, D., additional, Crosta, P., additional, Gonzalez, F., additional, Garcia, J. Molina, additional, Otero, X., additional, Sirikan, N., additional, Spangenberg, M., additional, Spinelli, E., additional, Swinden, R., additional, and Wallner, S., additional

Published
2018
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30. Molecular characterization of rotavirus strains from children with diarrhea in Italy, 2007-2009

Author

Ruggeri, Fm, Delogu, R, Petouchoff, T, Tcheremenskaia, O, De Petris, S, Fiore, L, RotaNet Italy Study Group: Pompa MG, Francesca, R, Zanella, F, Cesco, D, Sartore, P, Micera, M, Zotti, Carla Maria, Cacello, E, Balbi, L, Barbi, M, Binda, S, Primache, V, Iorio, Am, Camilloni, B, Basileo, M, Medici, Mc, Chezzi, C, Abelli, L, Rizzo, C, Giammanco, Gm, De Grazia, S, Angela, M, Chironna, M, Sallustio, A, Germinario, C, Tanzi, Ml, Pietrosemoli, P, D'Errico, M, Marigliano, A, Comodo, N, Lorini, C, Martella, V, Storelli, S, Cocchi, P, Festini, F, De Rosa, M, Chisari, M, Raglio, A, Zanchi, A, Onori, M, Danzi, G, Lazzarotto, T, Pedroni, M, Mignacca, A, Ansaldi, F, Mammì, P, Calabria, R., Ruggeri F.M., Delogu R., Petouchoff T., Tcheremenskaia O., De Petris S., Fiore L., Pompa M.G., Russo F., Zanella F., Cesco D., Sartore P., Micera M., Zotti C., Cacello E., Balbi L., Barbi M., Binda S., Primache V., Iorio A.M., Camilloni B., Basileo M., Medici M.C., Chezzi C., Abelli L., Rizzo C., Giammanco G.M., De Grazia S., Platia M.A., Chironna M., Sallustio A., Germinario C., Tanzi M.L., Pietrosemoli P., D'Errico M., Marigliano A., Comodo N., Lorini C., Martella V., Storelli S., Cocchi P., Festini F., De Rosa M., Chisari M., Raglio A., Zanchi A., Onori M., Danzi G., Lazzarotto T., Pedroni M., Mignacca A., Ansaldi F., Mammi P., Tcheremenskia O., De Pretis S., and RotaNet-Italy Study group.

Subjects
Diarrhea, Rotavirus, Genotyping, Settore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia Clinica, viruses, genotype, Reassortment, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rotavirus Infections, law.invention, strain, law, Virology, Genotype, Genetic variation, medicine, Humans, Polymerase chain reaction, Base Sequence, Molecular epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Rotavirus Vaccines, Genetic Variation, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Rotaviru, Infectious Diseases, Italy, Child, Preschool, surveillance, RNA, Viral, medicine.symptom, Reassortant Viruses
Abstract

The surveillance network RotaNet-Italia was established in 2007 in order to investigate the diversity of co-circulating rotavirus strains in Italy, and to provide a baseline for future assessment of possible effects of vaccine implementation in selecting novel versus common rotavirus strains. A total of 2,645 rotavirus strains from pediatric patients with acute diarrhea were collected over three consecutive seasons from September 2006 through August 2009, and partially characterized by standardized multiplex RT-PCR. Most of strains (89.1%) belonged to genotypes G1–G4, and G9, associated with either P[8] or P[4], commonly found in humans worldwide. However, in at least 2.0% of cases, viruses exhibited either a G or P type typical of animal viral strains, suggesting gene reassortment events between rotaviruses of different origin. Mixed infections with two or more rotavirus strains were observed frequently (7.6% of patients), and depended on the frequencies of co-circulating rotaviruses of one particular genotype. The numbers and genotypes of likely natural reassortants of common genotype rotaviruses were found to be correlated with the observed numbers and genotypes of mixed infections. Large variation in the relative frequency of different rotavirus genotypes was observed between different seasons and/or areas of Italy, suggesting independent evolution or differential introduction of viral strains with respect to both time and space. J. Med. Virol. 83:1657–1668

Published
2011

31. Management of Chronic Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: AIEOP Consensus Guidelines

Author

De Mattia D, Del Vecchio GC, Russo G, De Santis A, Ramenghi U, Notarangelo L, Jankovic M, Molinari AC, Zecca M, Nobili B, Giordano P, AIEOP ITP Study Group, Acquaviva A, Amendola G, Baronci C, Binda S, Bisogno G, Bussetti C, Ciliberti A, Citterio M, Del Principe D, Farruggia P, Ladogana S, Magro S, Masera G, Menichelli A, Nardi M, Parodi E, Tucci F, Vimercati C., PESSION, ANDREA, DE MATTIA, D, DEL VECCHIO, Gc, Russo, G, DE SANTIS, A, Ramenghi, U, Notarangelo, L, Jankovic, M, Molinari, Ac, Zecca, M, Nobili, Bruno, Giordano, P, AIEOP ITP STUDY, Group, De Mattia D, Del Vecchio GC, Russo G, De Santis A, Ramenghi U, Notarangelo L, Jankovic M, Molinari AC, Zecca M, Nobili B, Giordano P, and AIEOP-ITP Study Group,Acquaviva A, Amendola G, Baronci C, Binda S, Bisogno G, Bussetti C, Ciliberti A, Citterio M, Del Principe D, Farruggia P, Ladogana S, Magro S, Masera G, Menichelli A, Nardi M, Parodi E, Pession A, Tucci F, Vimercati C.

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Platelet count, Adolescent, Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, Prednisolone, Rho(D) Immune Globulin, medicine.medical_treatment, conta piastrinica, Splenectomy, Platelet Transfusion, management of pediatric thrombocytopenia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, platelet count, trattamento della piastrinopenia pediatrica, porpora trombocitopenica idiopatica, Immune system, immune system diseases, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Pediatric thrombocytopenia, Humans, Platelet, Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Management of pediatric thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytopenia, Child, Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic, biology, business.industry, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Infant, Hematology, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Thrombocytopenic purpura, Purpura, Chronic disease, Platelet transfusion, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, biology.protein, Antibody, medicine.symptom, business, Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Management of pediatric thrombocytopenia, Pediatric thrombocytopenia, Platelet count, Thrombocytopenia
Abstract

Background/Objective: The management of chronic childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is distinct from acute ITP. Similar to the publication on acute ITP guidelines, the AIEOP (Associazione Italiana di Ematologia e Oncologia Pediatrica) considered it appropriate to develop consensus guidelines for chronic childhood ITP to provide useful and shared information for physicians, healthcare professionals, parents and patients. Design/Methods: A preliminary, evidence-based document issued by a select group of AIEOP pediatric hematologists was discussed, modified and approved during a Consensus Conference according to procedures previously validated by the AIEOP Board. Results: The guidelines give prominence to the periodical reevaluation of all the etiological hypotheses of thrombocytopenia in relation to its clinical condition. The majority of chronic ITP children do not require treatment, especially if bleeding is absent or minimal. The treatment decision depends on several factors other than the platelet count, and treatment options are suggested in relation to the therapeutic scenarios. Recommendations are given regarding support for surgery, particular hemorrhagic conditions, daily activities/sports, as well as for vaccines and drugs. Experimental treatments are also discussed.

Published
2010

36. HPV testing from dried urine spots as a tool for cervical cancer screening in low-income countries

Author

Frati, E, Martinelli, M, Fasoli, E, Colzani, D, Bianchi, S, Binda, S, Olivani, P, Tanzi, E, Tanzi, E., MARTINELLI, MARIANNA, Frati, E, Martinelli, M, Fasoli, E, Colzani, D, Bianchi, S, Binda, S, Olivani, P, Tanzi, E, Tanzi, E., and MARTINELLI, MARIANNA

Abstract

Nowadays, several screening strategies are available to prevent cervical cancer, but inadequate resources, sociocultural barriers, and sampling issues impede their success in low-income countries. To overcome these issues, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing from dried urine spots (DUS). Eighty-eight urine samples (including 56 HPV DNA positive specimens) were spotted on filter paper, dried, and stored in paper-bags. HPV DNA was detected from the DUS after 1 week and 4 weeks of storage using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The sensitivity, specificity, and concordance of the DUS-based HPV test were evaluated by comparing the results with those of HPV testing on fresh urine samples as the gold standard. The sensitivity of the test was 98.21% (95% CI: 90.56-99.68) for DUS stored for 1 week and 96.42% (95% CI: 87.88-99.01) for DUS stored for 4 weeks. The specificity was 100% (95% CI: 89.28-100) at both time points. The concordance between DUS and fresh urine HPV testing was "almost perfect" using the statistic. These preliminary data suggest that a DUS-based assay could bypass sociocultural barriers and sampling issues and therefore could be a suitable, effective tool for epidemiological surveillance and screening programs, especially in low-income countries.

Published
2015

42. High frequency of Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA in the urine of kidney transplant recipients and healthy controls

Author

Signorini, L, Belingheri, M, Ambrogi, F, Pagani, E, Binda, S, Ticozzi, R, Ferraresso, M, Ghio, L, Giacon, B, Ferrante, P, Delbue, S, SIGNORINI, LUCIA, Delbue, S., Signorini, L, Belingheri, M, Ambrogi, F, Pagani, E, Binda, S, Ticozzi, R, Ferraresso, M, Ghio, L, Giacon, B, Ferrante, P, Delbue, S, SIGNORINI, LUCIA, and Delbue, S.

Abstract

Background: Polyomavirus (PyV) infection is common, ranging from 60% to 100% depending on the virus. The urinary excretion rates of JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) have been extensively studied, but less is known about the more recently discovered PyVs. Objectives: To investigate the urinary excretion of Merkel cell PyV (MCPyV), which is associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), in kidney transplant recipients and healthy subjects, as well as those of lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPV), which was isolated from the B-cells of African green monkeys but has also been found in human blood, JCV and BKV. Study design: Urine samples were collected from 62 adult (ATP) and 46 pediatric (PTP) kidney transplant recipients and from 67 adult (AHC) and 40 pediatric (PHC) healthy controls. DNA was isolated and analyzed using real-time PCR (Q-PCR) to determine the viral loads of MCPyV, LPV, JCV and BKV. Results: MCPyV DNA was more frequently detected (p<. 0.05) in the PTP (36.9%) and PHC (30.0%) groups compared to JCV (8.7% in PTP, 12.5% in PHC), BKV (6.5% in PTP, 2.5% in PHC), and LPV (2.2% in PTP, 5% in PHC) and in the AHC (47.8%) group compared to BKV (13.4%) and LPV (0%). Conclusions: Based on the results, it could be concluded that: (a) Despite the rarity of MCC, MCPyV is a common infection; (b) MCPyV demonstrates an excretion pattern similar to those of JCV and BKV, persisting in the kidney and infecting skin cells upon reactivation, with subsequent integration and transformation

Published
2014

43. Sporadic Isolation of Sabin-Like Polioviruses and High-Level Detection of Non-Polio Enteroviruses during Sewage Surveillance in Seven Italian Cities, after Several Years of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccination

Author

Battistone, A., primary, Buttinelli, G., additional, Fiore, S., additional, Amato, C., additional, Bonomo, P., additional, Patti, A. M., additional, Vulcano, A., additional, Barbi, M., additional, Binda, S., additional, Pellegrinelli, L., additional, Tanzi, M. L., additional, Affanni, P., additional, Castiglia, P., additional, Germinario, C., additional, Mercurio, P., additional, Cicala, A., additional, Triassi, M., additional, Pennino, F., additional, and Fiore, L., additional

Published
2014
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44. In-Orbit Performance Assessment of Giove Clocks

Author

EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY NOORDWIJK (NETHERLANDS), Waller, Pierre, Gonzalez, F., Hahn, J., Binda, S., Piriz, R., Hidalgo, I., Tobias, G., Sesia, I., Tavella, P., Cerretto, G., EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY NOORDWIJK (NETHERLANDS), Waller, Pierre, Gonzalez, F., Hahn, J., Binda, S., Piriz, R., Hidalgo, I., Tobias, G., Sesia, I., Tavella, P., and Cerretto, G.

Abstract

Two onboard atomic clock technologies have been developed for the Galileo system, one based on vapor cell rubidium technology (RAFS: Rubidium Atomic Frequency Standard) and one based on passive hydrogen maser (PHM) technology. In the years 2004-2005, both technologies have successfully passed a full qualification campaign (including shock, vibration, thermal vacuum, ...) aimed at verifying their performance in a Galileo-like environment. In the year 2005, six RAFS and two PHM flight models have been delivered to ESA in order to be installed on two experimental satellites: GIOVE-A (launched on 27 December 2005) embarks two RAFS in a redundant scheme and GIOVE-B (launched on 26 April 2008) embarks two RAFS in a redundant scheme and one PHM. The clocks onboard both GIOVE-A and GIOVE-B have been monitored on a continuous basis through the GIOVE Mission infrastructure. It includes two Ground Satellite Control Stations (one for each satellite) collecting and archiving onboard telemetries, and a network of 13 Galileo Experimental Sensor Stations (GESS) distributed worldwide that collect both GIOVE and GPS observables (pseudorange and carrier phase). One of these Ground Sensor Stations (located at INRiM, Turin, Italy) is connected to an active hydrogen maser that realizes the reference timescale for the GIOVE Mission. The Galileo Processing Centre located at ESAESTEC, Noordwijk centralizes all these data which are then processed through the Orbit Determination and Time Synchronization (OD&TS) algorithms, allowing the restitution of the phase difference between the transmitted clock signal and the ground reference. This paper presents the performance assessment of GIOVE-A and GIOVE-B clocks, based on the analysis of the clock behavior as restituted by the ODTS algorithms and GIOVE Mission infrastructure. The very first results of the PHM behavior onboard GIOVE-B are reported and show excellent performances over the analyzed period., See also ADM002186. Presented at the Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Systems and Appliations Meeting (40th) held in Reston, Virginia on 1-4 December 2008. Published in the Proceedings of the Annual Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI) Systems and Appliations Meeting (40th), p69-82, 2008. The original document contains color images.

Published
2008

46. Persistent high MR signal of the posterior pituitary gland in central diabetes insipidus

Author

Maghnie, M., Genovese, E., Bernasconi, S., Binda, S., and Maurizio Arico'

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, diagnosis, Case Reports, Posterior, magnetic resonance, Pituitary Gland, Posterior, Pituitary Gland, Anterior, Humans, Langerhans-Cell, Child, Preschool, Anterior, pituitary gland, Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Insipidus, diagnosis/etiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Histiocytosis, diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pituitary Gland, pathology, Pituitary Gland, pathology, Water-Electrolyte Balance, physiology, Infant, diagnosis/etiology, Water-Electrolyte Balance, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell, diabetes insipidus, Child, Preschool, Pituitary Gland, histiocytosis, Female, pathology, Histiocytosis, Diabetes Insipidus, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

We describe three cases of central diabetes insipidus, each with a different pathogenesis, in which unexpected hyperintensity of the posterior pituitary gland was seen on T1-weighted MR images obtained at the time of presentation. In the first case (idiopathic), the posterior pituitary signal persisted more than 10 years; in the second case (Langerhans cell histiocytosis), the signal disappeared within 3 months, despite early specific chemotherapy with etoposide; and in the third case (transient), the posterior signal disappeared within 1 year, but it was documented at the time of spontaneous reversal of polyuria and polydipsia.

Published
1997

47. The Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome: the presentation of the seventh case

Author

Nespoli, L, Lascari, C, Maccario, R, Nosetti, L, Broggi, U, Locatelli, F, Binda, S, Gaudio, F, Casalone, R, and Bosi, Federica

Subjects
Male, Fetal Growth Retardation, Pancytopenia, Aplastic, Immunity, Infant, Anemia, Syndrome, Newborn, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Antibodies, Cerebellum, Microcephaly, Humans, Cellular, Anemia, Aplastic, Child, Preschool, Immunity, Cellular, Infant, Newborn, Child, Preschool
Published
1997

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