Search

Background: The incidence of breast cancer increases with age. Individuals living in higher socioeconomic communities also have higher incidence secondary to early detection of breast cancer from increased accessibility to mammograms. This retrospective study studied the percentage of new breast cancer cases in the elderly between 2010 and 2019, and investigated the compliance of screening mammography in some of the medically underserved suburbs of southern Chicago. Methods: The parameters used to power this study include “age greater than 70” and “2010 to present” at the time the study was first initiated. The final data set contained 381 electronic health records (EMRs) that met the parameters of interest. We specifically looked at method of diagnosis, stage at diagnosis, date of last normal screening mammogram, hormone status, histology, race, and smoking history. Results: Thirty percent of the breast cancer patients diagnosed at our institution were over 70 years of age between 2010 and 2019. Of the 381 patients included in the overall sample, 45% were diagnosed with breast cancer by screening mammogram, and 52% of individuals in the 70 - 75 age group were diagnosed with breast cancer by screening mammography. Only 40% of individuals in the 75+ age group were diagnosed with breast cancer by screening mammogram (P = 0.0234). Furthermore, in the overall sample, 63% had a normal screening mammogram at some time prior to their breast cancer diagnosis. In the 70 - 75 age group, 76% had a normal screening mammogram at some time prior to their breast cancer diagnosis. In the 75+ age group, only 54% had a normal screening mammogram at some time prior to their breast cancer diagnosis (P < 0.0001). Individuals in both age groups were more likely to have early-stage breast cancers and luminal A hormone expression. Conclusions: Decreased compliance to screening mammography is observed in the elderly living in underserved communities. Since the elderly are underrepresented in research, organizations do not have sufficient information to recommend screening mammography in the elderly. With increasing life expectancy, observational studies have demonstrated a mortality benefit with screening mammography by early detection of breast cancer, favorable breast cancer characteristics and potentially higher cure rates. Socioeconomic factors also affect screening compliance and likely influenced the results of our study. Future studies should investigate how individual factors influence screening mammography compliance in the elderly in underserved communities. World J Oncol. 2021;12(5):155-164 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/wjon1397

Introduction: Introduction of more rapid and short-acting volatile anesthetics and intravenous anesthetics has allowed anesthesiologists to achieve a recovery profile that facilitates rapid emergence after general anesthesia. Both propofol and sevoflurane provide rapid induction and faster recovery by titrating the depth of anesthesia based on the BIS Index during maintenance. The objectives of the study were analysis of hemodynamic parameters, changes in the BIS Index, recovery characteristics, postoperative complications. Methods: Following IRB approval, an observational study was conducted in 60 patients of ASA grade I-II, aged 18-60 years undergoing surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 30 patients each receiving propofol infusion (Group P) or sevoflurane (Group S) to maintain anesthesia. The requirement of anesthetic agents was titrated by BIS monitoring. BIS score was held between 40 to 60. Results: Hemodynamic parameters like heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were comparable in both groups. During recovery, the meantime to spontaneous ventilation, eye-opening, hand squeezing, following verbal command, extubation, stating the name, and mean time to achieve modified Aldrete's score of ≥ 9 from the cessation of the anesthetic drug was significantly shorter in Group S as compared to Group P. PONV was noted as a postoperative complication in the sevoflurane group. Conclusion: In our study, sevoflurane provided rapid emergence and faster recovery with stable hemodynamic. However, propofol appears to be an excellent alternative to sevoflurane for maintenance of anesthesia as it also provides fast recovery with a lower incidence of PONV

Background: Prevalence of autism is increasing worldwide. A WHO survey conducted in, April,2017, states that the incidence of autism has increased from 1 in 500 to 1 in 160 children. As there is no known cure for autism, it is considered to be a lifelong condition. Objectives: 1. To assess the problems faced and lifestyle modification adopted by parents in the following aspects: Physical, Emotional, Social, Professional 2. To determine the relationship between problems faced and lifestyle modification with selected demographic variables. Materials and methods: The data were collected from 43 parents of children with an autism by using non-probability, purposive sampling technique, tool was semi-structured interview schedule and rating scale, technique was interviewing. Result: Coefficient of correlation for Overall problems faced and Overall lifestyle modification adopted by parents with autistic children was -0.0696, it shows no relationship between them. Conclusion: From the findings of the study, we can conclude that parents of an autistic child face problems in the physical, emotional, social and professional spheres of life. Problems related to the social domain exceed than the other three. It is interpreted that parents also adopt lifestyle changes in response to the problems faced in all these aspects of life. However, it was found that the lifestyle modifications adopted by the parents in response to the physical problem were comparatively low.

Objective: The objective of the work was to develop a simple suitable spectrophotometric method for estimation of Teriflunomide in Pharmaceutical dosage forms. Method: Simple UV Spectrophotometric methods was developed for estimation of Teriflunomide in pharmaceutical dosage form by measuring absorbance at maximum at 200 – 400 nm. The method has been validated as per ICH guidelines. Result and discussion: UV Spectrophotometric method showed good linearity from 2-12 µg/mL the method has been validated as per ICH guidelines. Accuracy (% recovery) for zero order (101.46%-99.93 %) and for first order (101.56%-99.72%). The limit of detection (LOD) for zero order was found to be 0.565µg/mL and for first order was found to be 0.816 µg/mL while the limit of Quantitation (LOQ) for zero order was found to be 1.713µg/mL and for first order was found to be 2.472 µg/mL. Conclusion: The developed Spectrophotometric methods were validated as per ICH guideline and can be used for routine analysis of Teriflunomide in Pharmaceutical dosage form. Key words: Teriflunomide, UV Visible Spectrophotometric method, Derivative Spectroscopy, Method Validation, ICH Guidelines

International audience; Primary objective: Recently, selective internal radiation therapy using yttrium-90 (Y90) glass microspheres (TheraSphere™) was approved for reimbursement by health authorities in France. The PROACTIF study aims to gather data on effectiveness, patient quality of life, and safety with use of Y90 glass microspheres in real-world clinical settings in France.Inclusion criteria: Patient with a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC), and/or metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who was treated with a dose of Y90 glass microspheres that has been reimbursed in France and who do not oppose use of their personal medical data.Exclusion criteria: If data collection is opposed, treatment is reimbursed but not administered, or treatment is administered but not reimbursed.Outcome measures: Primary outcome measures include overall survival from time of Y90 glass microsphere treatment and quality of life, as assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy- Hepatobiliary questionnaire.Estimated number of patients to be included: This is an open study and there is no set number of patients; 115 have already been enrolled.Planned subgroup analyses: Analyses will be stratified by disease state (HCC, iCC, or mCRC). Subgroups to be analyzed include age group, unilobar/bilobar disease at baseline, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status at baseline, liver tumor burden at baseline, target lesion size, and standard versus multi-compartment personalized dosimetry treatment.Planned recruitment and observation period: Recruitment includes patients who are prescribed and treated with a commercial vial of Y90 glass microspheres between 01 January 2019 and 31 December 2024.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04069468.

Background Serological testing for extended RHCcEe, Kell, Kidd and Duffy blood grouping from multitransfused patients may not give correct blood grouping of the recipient. Hence molecular testing for these blood groups was compared with serological groups in a cohort of multitransfused thalassemia mjor and sickle cell anaemia patients. Objective Molecular genotyping of antigens of Rh (D, C, c, E, e), Kell (K, k), Duffy (Fya, Fyb) and Kidd (Jka, Jkb) blood group antigens by PCR and PCR-RFLP methods and comparison of predicted genotypes with their serological phenotypes. Materials and methods A cohort of multitransfused thalassemia and sickle cell anemia patient were serologically and molecularly tested for RHCc, RHEe, K, k Fya, Fyb, Jka and Jkb antigens and compared. Serological testing was done by tube agglutination and molecular testing was done either by allele specific PCR or by RFLP technique just before next transfusion. Results In more than 80% of the cases recipient’s molecular testing blood groups were at variance with serologically tested blood groups (p Discussion Extended phenotyping in multitransfused thalassemia patients by serological technique often donot detect the exact red cell phenotype of the recipient and molecular techniques for such grouping is preferable, especially in multitransfused thalassemia patients where red cells from previous transfusions continues to be present in significant numbers whenever the testing is done.

Dyes are synthetic aromatic organic compounds, which are normally used for coloration of various substances. During textile processing, inefficiencies in dyeing result in large amounts of the dyestuff (varying from 2% loss when using basic dyes to a 50% loss when certain reactive dyes used) is being directly lost to the wastewater, which ultimately finds its way into the environment. A number of physico-chemical methods, such as adsorption, coagulation, precipitation, filtration and oxidation, have been used to treat dyestuff effluents, but these methods have many disadvantages and limitations. It is, therefore, important to develop efficient and cost-effective methods for the decolorization and Biodegradation of dyes in industrial effluents and contaminated soil Biological methods of removal involve use of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi to convert the pollutants into nontoxic harmless substances. Biological processes convert organic compounds to water and carbon dioxide, have low cost sustainable and are easy to use.