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The characteristic feature of many deposits of critical raw materials is spatial chaotic fluctuations of grades (strongly skewed and lognormal distributions, soft geological boundaries etc.), which essentially limit the use of traditional economic evaluation methods and, especially, geostatistics. A possible solution may be application of various fractal methods based on the principle of multiple divisibility of geological object to the size of its elementary part, called fractal. Today fractal methods are widely used in life sciences, physics, mathematics, and chemistry, and are increasingly becoming used in biology and Earth sciences. For example, geological and mining for oil and gas apply fractal methods as a standard tool. A review of the literature in these areas shows that there are many issues in the field of critical raw materials that can be solved using fractal methods. Polokhivske deposit of LCT-type pegmatites with monomineralic fine-grained petalite ore was chosen for the case study. Pegmatites of Polokhivske deposit lack zoning and are characterised by uneven distribution of multi-grained mineral associations. Composition of pegmatites depends on the quantitative ratio of potassium feldspar, albite, and petalite. The difficulty to reveal any ore control features is explained by the proximity of the silica saturation and alkalinity of the hosting granites and fluids that transformed them. The moving average depth-grade method was used to solve specified issue. The clear trend of rhythmically increasing lithium content with depth was uncovered. This indicates that the deposit can be modelled as separate mineralised zones, each of which contains areas enriched with lithium and the location of such enriched areas must obey a certain regularity. This number-size fractal method was applied in order to separate potentially ore-bearing zones and mineralised geochemical anomalies of lithium from its background values. It has been proved the validity of this method to justify direction of exploration, economic evaluation, and mine planning. The resulting number-size model appeared powerful that revealed three mineralised zones within hosting granites: weakly mineralised metasomatically altered granites (0.08% ≤ Li₂O < 0.72%), mineralized metasomatites (0.72% ≤ Li₂O < 1.50%), and high-grade mineralised pegmatites (Li₂O ≥ 1.50%). The distinguished thresholds have appeared to be in sequence and multiple of the fractal dimension. From resulted model a spatial anisotropy of lithium grades was revealed: mineralised metasomatites spatially gravitate to the foot wall of weakly mineralised granites, and high-grade pegmatitic zones gravitate to the foot wall of mineralised metasomatites. Distribution of mineralised metasomatites and pegmatites shift northeasterly from the central axis of the Polokhivsky granitic massif.

Lithium contributes to development of high-tech industries around the globe. This article examines economic prospects of the Ukrainian lithium resources in the context of general trends existing on the world market. An overview and analysis of different aspects such as the world market specifics and current trends, size and ore quality of the European pegmatite deposits, economics of lithium-bearing minerals and commercial requirements to the quality of lithium concentrates are given. Pegmatite deposits prospects are categorized according to their estimated reserves. Main types of lithium-ion batteries are described and their preferences for a particular mineral lithium commodity is characterised. Separately, economic significance of the Ukrainian deposits is shown based on comparison between petalite and spodumene pegmatites. It is shown that under conditions of the same method of lithium processing and extraction, the production costs for one tonne of lithium carbonate from petalite concentrate are 1.7 times higher that from spodumene. At the same time, in terms of mineral grades and ore body extensions petalite deposits are comparable with those of many spodumene ones. The higher costs related to lower lithium content per tonne of concentrate are offset by the petalite’s superior purity during the hydrometallurgical processing stage and the requirement of less waste removal during physical concentration. Two important deposits for the Ukrainian industry, Shevchenkivske and Polokhivske, are compared in light of their economic framework. These deposits have been studied to relative detail and are most attractive for mining. Shevchenkivske deposits is localized in the Priazovskiy megablock, Polokhivske – in Ingulskiy megablock (accordingly, Western Priazovskiy and Central Ukrainian metallogenic districts). The ores of the specified deposits are suitable for production of monomineral concentrates with their further processing to lithium chemical products – lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide. Mineral resources of these deposits have been estimated to a depth of 500 m from the surface. Considerable prospects and challenges for lithium extraction from the Ukrainian deposits is shown.

Corneal injury is associated with hypoxia-induced neovascularization, which interferes optical transparency of the cornea, resulting in vision loss and blindness. The treatment of corneal damage remains a ignificant unmet medical need. Lactoferrin (Lf) and angiostatins (AS) are naturally occurring antiinflammatory and antiangiogenic proteins, which play important roles in eye physiology and can be used as protectors against corneal diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the effects of plasminogen fragment AS K1-3 and Lf (as a referent preparation) on the levels of the principal markers of angiogenesis, apoptosis, and autophagy in the burn-injured cornea. Additionally, effects of AS on the metabolic activity of macrophages have been studied. Materials and methods. Experimental model of corneal burn was induced by NaOH application to rabbit’s eye surface. One of the group of animals with injured cornea topically received AS, which were applied as eye drops (1 μM solution) daily for 14 days after injury, another one was treated by the equimolar solution of Lf. The levels of protein markers of angiogenesis (VEGF), apoptosis (caspase-3), and autophagy (beclin-1) were evaluated in corneal lysates by western blot. Histological analysis was performed by hematoxylin/eosin staining of corneal slices followed by light microscopy. Effects of AS in the range of concentrations 10-200 nM on the activity of phagocytic cells were assessed in murine macrophage cell line J744.2 by the test with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT). The quantitative results were analysed with the use of Mann-Whitney U-test. The difference between group mean values was considered significant at P < 0.05. Results. Dramatically increased levels of protein markers related to angiogenesis, apoptosis, and utophagy were found in the corneas with burn-induced injury. AS or Lf-based treatment reduced burninduced overexpression of VEGF, caspase-3, and beclin-1. It is important to note that AS, along with anti-VEGF activity, appeared to more effectively suppress apoptosis and autophagy by decreasing tested markers near the control level, as compared with Lf. Histochemical examination revealed typical signs of fibrotic and necrotic changes in the injured corneas, which were associated with excessive inflammatory infiltration and intense neovascularization. Treatment of burn-induced injury with AS alleviated histopathological changes in cornea, which is evidenced by improving epithelial regeneration, reducing neovascularization, nd moderating leucocyte infiltration. These observations are in agreement with the ata of NBT test suggesting that AS in the concentrations >50 nM is able to moderately inhibit metabolic activity of macrophages up to 30% as compared with intact cells (P

Background and aims. Clinically significant delayed bleeding (CSDB) may complicate endoscopic colorectal submucosal dissection (ESD). We aimed to assess the efficacy of preventive measures for CSDB. Methods. We assessed the results of a prospective registry of colorectal ESD for laterally spreading lesions. We evaluated the effect of clip closure and PuraStat application on the prevention of CSDB. Results. A total of 40 patients with 41 colorectal ESDs were included. ESD was successful in 38 lesions (92.7%), 35 with R0 resection (92.1%) and 33 with curative resection (86.8%). CSDB occurred in 3 of 38 lesions (7.9%, 95% CI [1.7–21.4%]), exclusively after rectal ESD (3 of 22 rectal lesions vs. 0 of 16 colonic lesions, p = 0.249). Clip closure was more frequently used after colonic ESD (12 of 16 colonic lesions vs. 2 of 22 rectal lesions, p < 0.001) and was not protective for CSDB in the univariate analysis, even though no events occurred after clip closure (0 of 14 lesions with clip closure vs. 3 of 24 lesions without, p = 0.283). PuraStat was more frequently applied after ESD for rectal lesions (16 of 22 rectal lesions vs. 2 of 16 colonic lesions, p < 0.001) and was not protective for CSDB, with all three events occurring after PuraStat application (3 of 18 lesions with PuraStat application vs. 0 of 20 lesions without, p = 0.097). Conclusions. CSDB occurred exclusively after rectal ESD, and no predictive factors were identified in the univariate analysis. Clip closure and PuraStat application were not protective for CSDB.

Abstract The advent of high-throughput single-cell genomics technologies has fundamentally transformed biological sciences. Currently, millions of cells from complex biological tissues can be phenotypically profiled across multiple modalities. The scaling of computational methods to analyze and visualize such data is a constant challenge, and tools need to be regularly updated, if not redesigned, to cope with ever-growing numbers of cells. Over the last few years, metacells have been introduced to reduce the size and complexity of single-cell genomics data while preserving biologically relevant information and improving interpretability. Here, we review recent studies that capitalize on the concept of metacells—and the many variants in nomenclature that have been used. We further outline how and when metacells should (or should not) be used to analyze single-cell genomics data and what should be considered when analyzing such data at the metacell level. To facilitate the exploration of metacells, we provide a comprehensive tutorial on the construction and analysis of metacells from single-cell RNA-seq data ( https://github.com/GfellerLab/MetacellAnalysisTutorial ) as well as a fully integrated pipeline to rapidly build, visualize and evaluate metacells with different methods ( https://github.com/GfellerLab/MetacellAnalysisToolkit ).

The step of modal split of the four step model for determination of urban travel demand is analyzed. Utility functions are composed, their coefficients are calibrated in TransCAD. Equations for estimation of trip mode choice probability are shown and the numerical illustration of estimation is given.

Neurological disorders affect a large population, often leading to different levels of disability and resulting in a decreased quality of life. Neurorehabilitation is the process of restoring the functions of the nervous system after injuries, diseases, or other impairments. The molecular basis of neurorehabilitation includes various aspects such as changes in gene expression, regulation of synaptic connections, nerve cell growth, and repair, among others. Typical objectives in rehabilitating the patient with neurologic disease are to minimize pain, reestablish normal neural pathways, prevent secondary complications, and ultimately improve quality of life. It is also essential not to worsen neurologic function or pain in patients with spinal instability. A decreased free triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone levels upon admission may predict an unfavorable outcome at the end of early rehabilitative treatment. Thus, thyroid hormone levels are not only important during acute treatment but also in prolonged critical illness. Thyroid hormones, specifically thyroxine and triiodothyronine, can influence these molecular processes through their receptors in nervous tissue. Thyroid hormones are essential for the normal functioning of the nervous system, including neurogenesis (the formation of new neurons) and synaptic plasticity (changes in the strength and structure of connections between neurons). Research has shown that thyroid hormones can affect the expression of genes related to the growth and survival of neurons, as well as synaptic plasticity processes, which may be relevant for rehabilitation after nervous system injuries. A deficiency of thyroid hormones such as in hypothyroidism can lead to disturbances in the development and functioning of the nervous system, which, in turn, can complicate the neurorehabilitation process. Thus, understanding the molecular basis of neurorehabilitation and the influence of thyroid hormones can help improve approaches to the rehabilitation of patients with various nervous system impairments.

Background. Hepatopulmonary syndrome is one of the most dangerous syntropies in case of liver cirrhosis. Consequently, it is important to determine the role of oxidative stress, acid-base balance and ventilation-perfusion disorders as factors of hepatopulmonary syndrome development in cirrhotic patients. Materials and methods. We included 44 cirrhotic patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome verified according to the patented Method for diagnosing degrees of hepatopulmonary syndrome severity in patients with liver cirrhosis. In addition to the traditional examinations, we determined the gas composition parameters in venous blood, acid-base balance parameters, catalase activity and malondialdehyde level in all the patients. The received material was processed on a personal computer using Excel 2010, Statistica 6.0, RStudio v. 1.1.442 and R Commander v. 2.4-4. Results. Analysis of blood gas parameters revealed the reliability of the difference for PCO2 (р = 0.03) depending on the class of liver cirrhosis severity. Also, with the liver cirrhosis severity increase, the malondialdehyde level increased, and catalase decreased. Moreover, significant inverse relationships between malondialdehyde content and PCO2 (p = 0.039), HCO3 (p = 0.039), TCO2 (p = 0.036), Beb (p = 0.049), BEecf (p = 0.043) were found resulting in hypocapnia and partially compensated metabolic acidosis. The found direct correlation between malondialdehyde level and AaDO2 (p = 0.044) indicates the arteriovenous pulmonary shunts, ventilation-perfusion disorders. The absence of catalase content changes can obviously be explained by the fact that its activity can be partially compensatory maintained. Conclusions. In patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome, the peroxidation activity enhances with an increase in the liver cirrhosis severity, resulting in the redox homeostasis imbalance, leading to the ventilation-perfusion disorders and partially compensated metabolic acidosis.

Prolonged inflammation and excessive neovascularization of the cornea due to severe injury can impair optical clarity and lead to vision impairment. Plasminogen kringle (K) fragments, known as angiostatins (AS), play a well-established role as inhibitors of neovascularization by suppressing pro-angiogenic signaling­. However, AS effects in the cornea, beyond inhibiting the angiogenesis, are still unexplored. In this study, we estimate the protective effect of two AS variants (K1-3 and K5) against alkali burn injury induced in rabbit and rat corneas. AS K1-3 in the single doses of 0.075 or 0.75 μg (0.1 or 1.0 μM, respectively) or 0.3 μg of AS K5 (1.0 μM) were applied locally as eye drops daily for 14 days after the injury. A significant regression of corneal vessels in-growth in injured eyes treated with AS was revealed. Western blot analysis of corneal tissue lysates revealed that injury-induced overexpression of protein markers­ of hypoxia (HIF-1α), angiogenesis (VEGF), tissue remodeling and fibrosis (MMP-9), autophagy (beclin-1) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (GRP-78) was significantly reduced under AS treatment. Besides, the level of tight junctions protein ZO-1 was shown to be up-regulated after the treatment of the damaged cornea with AS K1-3. Summarizing, our study uncovered novel biological functions of the kringle-containing plasminogen fragments indicating its beneficial effects during corneal healing in the experimental model of alkali burn. The data obtained can be helpful for the development of novel efficient formulations to manage complications of ocular surface injuries.

Abstract Since 24 February 2022, Ukraine has experienced full-scale military aggression initiated by the Russian Federation. The war has had a major negative impact on vegetation cover of war-affected regions. We explored interactions between pre-war forest management and the impacts of military activities in three of the most forested Ukrainian areas of interest (AOI), affected by the war. These were forests lying between Kharkiv and Luhansk cities (AOI ‘East’), forests along the Dnipro River delta (AOI ‘Kherson’), and those of the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (AOI CEZ). We used Sentinel satellite imagery to create damaged forest cover masks for the year 2022. We mapped forests with elevated fire hazard, which was defined as a degree of exposure to the fire-supporting land use (mostly an agricultural land, a common source of ignitions in Ukraine). We evaluated the forest disturbance rate in 2022, as compared to pre-war rates. We documented significant increases in non-stand replacing disturbances (low severity fires and non-fire disturbances) for all three of the AOIs. Damaged forest cover varied among the AOIs (24,180 ± 4,715 ha, or 9.3% ± 1.8% in the ‘East’ AOI; 7,293 ± 1,925 ha, or 15.7% ± 4.1% in the ‘Kherson’ AOI; 7,116 ± 1,274 ha, or 5.0% ± 0.9% in the CEZ AOI). Among the forests damaged in 2022, the ‘Kherson’ AOI will likely have the highest proportion of an area with elevated fire hazard in the coming decades, as compared to other regions (89% vs. 70% in the ‘East’ and CEZ AOIs respectively). Future fire risks and extensive war-related disturbance of forest cover call for forest management to develop strategies explicitly addressing these factors.

Despite the fact that forests in nature conservation areas are of mature and over-mature age, they have a leading role in the production of ecosystem services, in particular in ensuring biodiversity. In the typical sense, at the mature and over-mature age of stands, the growth of live biomass and carbon sequestration almost stops, and the death of trees leads to a negative change in the stock. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the ability of over-mature forests to accumulate live biomass under the condition of the formation of multi-tiered and different-age stands. The research was conducted on four permanent sample plots of the Feofania park-monument, which were established in 2016 and 2017. The method of approximate mensuration was used to study the current growth of ecosystem services. The method of dendrochronology was used to analyse annual rings. The age range of experimental stands is between 80 and 180 years. Experimental stands of all sample plots are characterized by high-level productivity, compared to model data on the productivity of stands in Ukraine and the European part of Eurasia. According to the results of the research, it was established that the biggest current increment of ecosystem services is formed in the uneven-aged stand with the centuries-old common oak trees of the overstory. The results of the research can be used in practice for the management of nature conservation areas and improvement of the management of over-mature forests

The purpose of the research was to identify whether the English language e-classes that are automated and delivered through the Smart Sender platform influence the students' attendance and procrastination rates, their motivation, time management skills, cognitive processing speed, and satisfaction. The study used qualitative and quantitative methods to monitor students' attendance and procrastination rates, motivation and engagement, time management skills, thinking speed, and satisfaction. The questionnaire on learning motivation, engagement, and competence, the time management skills test, the mental speed test, and the course satisfaction questionnaire were used to collect data. The focus group discussion questionnaire was used to obtain verbal feedback for the participants. The Smart Sender platform proved effective as an instructional tool for teaching the English Language to students majoring in Philology, International Business, and Law. The automated delivery of the English language e-classes was effective in addressing the issues of dropouts and procrastination in distance learning through automation of the lesson delivery based on the 'push' factor. It increased students' motivation, improves time management skills, and satisfaction. The quantitative findings showed that the students experienced a positive change in attendance, motivation and learning engagement, time management skills, and thinking speed due to the intervention. The students perceived the automated delivery-based approach to language teaching positively. They reported that the delivery approach content met the participants' expectations and needs. Focus group discussion revealed that the intervention changed their learning behaviour and strategies which were considered the improvements of the quality learning outcomes.

The phenolic compounds in the leaves of 12 species of birch trees of the subgenera Neurobetula, Betulenta, and Betula were biochemically profiled using HPTLC. The duration of the vegetation period was found to be significantly related to the content of total phenols (r = 0.74) and flavonoids in leaves (r = 0.65). The correlations for Neurobetula plants were 0.86 and 0.91, respectively. The relationship between the duration of the growing season and the concentration of phenolic compounds in Betula plants was inverse (r =-0.84). A cluster analysis of phytochemical profiles revealed that the studied birch species form groups that coincide with the subgenera proposed by De Jong due to an affinity with the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds. A multiple correlation analysis confirmed the relationship between the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds and the morphological characteristics of the leaves. The results of phytochemical profiling revealed that the qualitative composition of polyphenols in the leaves of 12 birch species is quite specific, allowing the use of individual compounds as additional differential biochemical characters in identifying species and hybrids and studying their potential role in plant adaptation to habitat conditions. Key words: Betula, chemosystematics, introduction, flavonoids, tannins, 1. Introduction The plants of the genus Betula L. play an important role in the flora of the temperate forest zone, as well as the boreal and sub-arctic zones (Furlow [...]

The article highlights the theoretical aspects of management of the financial potential of enterprise. The relevance of the study of scientific approaches to the management of the financial potential of enterprise is determined, in particular, the essence of management of financial potential, structure, goals, objectives, patterns and methods of management of the financial potential of enterprise are considered. It is emphasized that the financial potential of an enterprise is an important criterion for its ability to adapt to changes in the external and internal environment and affects the ability of an enterprise to generate sufficient funds to cover current costs, make investments, be attractive to investors, competitive in the market and financially stable. It is noted that the financial potential of enterprise is a complex system, which is characterized by consistency, dynamism, openness, ability to develop, purposefulness, hierarchy, interaction with the external environment. It is proposed to understand the management of the financial potential of enterprise as a purposeful managerial influence on financial resources in order to ensure financial stability, independence, liquidity, competitiveness and strategic directions of business development in the changing external and internal environment of functioning. Management of the financial potential of the enterprise involves the development and implementation of a purposeful system of measures aimed at the formation and effective use of financial resources. Prospects for further research in this direction are the development of a specific mechanism for managing the financial potential of enterprise to bring it in line with the patterns that affect changes both in the object of management and in the management system itself, which, in turn, allows influencing the ultimate goals of management of the financial potential of enterprise.

The War has had serious effects on Ukraine’s forests, in the form of direct damage and fires caused by various munitions. Important damage, though, includes extensive minefields, dud ordnance, and booby traps which are causing forests to be closed to all activities. A study using remotely sensed data reveals that in 2022, more than 70,000 ha of the forests suffered severe destruction and damage due to shelling, fires, and illegal logging by occupying forces. Substantial efforts and innovative strategies are needed to address reforestation and restoration in the face of future climate change. In much of the steppe region and adjacent areas, forests and shelterbelts have been under stress already. The loss of shelterbelts in these regions can compromise future harvests due to rising droughts, sandstorms, soil erosion, and other environmental challenges Important damage, though, is not visible in drone images: extensive minefields, dud ordnance, and booby traps are causing forests to be closed to all activities. Simply completing damage assessments and developing plans for addressing these issues will be an enormous task, involving all agencies, private groups, and local governments concerned with forests, and with international support. Difficult decisions on priorities will be required. Planning is underway on an international basis for programs of demining, bolstering fire management systems, and initiating restoration programs. An overstressed forest fire control system will need to be redesigned to handle future challenges. Shelterbelts will in many instances recover naturally on their own as it will be too hazardous for active restoration measures until demining is done, a task that will take decades. Full restoration of normal, safe activity in the rural areas and forests will only be achieved generations in the future. This paper presents a rapid assessment of the immediate issues and important longterm concerns.

Introduction. In 1983, Robert Gallo (USA) and Luc Montagnier (France) discovered the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Today, about 39 million people are living with HIV worldwide. Thanks to antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV has become a manageable chronic condition for most patients. However, the number of associated complications, including cardiovascular disease and thrombosis, is increasing. HIV-associated venous thrombosis, such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, requires attention and research due to their serious consequences. The purpose was to summarize, analyze, and demonstrate the clinical sequence, diagnostic difficulties and treatment of a rare case of disseminated venous thrombosis in the setting of HIV infection. Materials and methods. Periodical medical publications, patient records, and materials of scientific and practical conferences were used. Research methods: historical, bibliographic, systematic approach, analytical, generalization. Results. The article analyses in detail the data on a severe complication of HIV infection - disseminated venous thrombosis. To establish the final diagnosis, differential diagnosis with infectious, rheumatological, and myeloproliferative diseases was performed. As a result of the differential diagnosis, a multidisciplinary team of doctors established homozygous carriage of the MTHFR 1298 gene, which determines an increased risk of thrombosis. The addition of HIV infection could be a trigger for the development of severe thrombosis with impaired internal organ function. Conclusions. All countries of the world continue to face the problem of HIV infection, which requires constant detection among the population, including military personnel. In the case of thrombosis under consideration, both HIV infection itself (reduced CD4 T-cell counts, late HIV detection) and genetic factors could be the cause. The patient's multidisciplinary management proved to be effective, which allowed him to achieve a positive result, and his fight against the disease will continue.

Проблема своєчасної діагностики та вибору індивідуалізованих лікувальних заходів при пневмонії в дітей за роки пандемії COVID-19 набула особливої гостроти, зокрема, щодо прогнозування ризику тяжкого перебігу захворювання, що спонукало до пошуку нових неінвазивних методів діагностики верифікації запалення легеневої паренхіми. Мета - підвищити ефективність діагностики позагоспітальної пневмонії в дітей на основі аналізу діагностичної цінності методу багатопараметричної поляризаційно-фазової мікроскопії полікристалічних плівок легеневого експірату в аспекті диференційної діагностики відносно пацієнтів з інфекційно-запальними захворюваннями верхніх дихальних шляхів. Матеріали та методи. У Чернівецькій обласній дитячій клінічній лікарні обстежено 98 дітей, хворих на інфекційно-запальні захворювання респіраторного тракту, зокрема, 64 пацієнти, хворі на пневмонію, та 34 дитини, що страждали на інфекційно-запальні захворювання верхніх дихальних шляхів. Забір біологічного матеріалу у хворих проведено в першу добу госпіталізації. Дослідження структури лазерно-поляриметричних зображень легеневого експірату виконано в традиційному розташуванні Стокс-поляриметра. Для кожного двомірного розподілу значень азимута поляризації зображення полікристалічних плівок легеневого експірату використано універсальний аналітичний статистичний підхід - визначення набору статистичних моментів 1-4-го порядків (середнє, дисперсія, асиметрія та ексцес). Отримані результати проаналізовано з використанням методів клінічної епідеміології. Результати. Встановлено значення азимута поляризації та гістограми їхніх значень для зображень зразків легеневого експірату обох груп дітей. Порівняльний аналіз отриманих даних підтвердив, що обидва зразки характеризувалися оптичною неоднорідністю у вигляді зростання чутливості поляризаційного картографування зразків легеневого експірату. Також виявлено зростання оптичної анізотропії полікристалічних плівок легеневого експірату пацієнтів, хворих на пневмонію. Отримані показники усіх статистичних моментів для верифікації пневмонії володіли високою чутливістю, що перевищувала 98%, та достатньою специфічністю. Висновки. Встановлено достатню діагностичну цінність методу багатопараметричної поляризаційно-фазової мікроскопії легеневого експірату, що може використовуватися у верифікації запалення пульмональної паренхіми в дітей відносно пацієнтів, хворих на інфекційні запальні ураження верхніх відділів респіраторного тракту. Дослідження виконано відповідно до принципів Гельсінської декларації. Протокол дослідження ухвалено Локальним етичним комітетом зазначеної в роботі установи. На проведення досліджень отримано інформовану згоду батьків, дітей. Автори заявляють про відсутність конфлікту інтересів.