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Objective: Totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) with intracorporeal anastomosis is feasible because of improved approaches to laparoscopic surgery and the availability of a variety of surgical instruments. This study was designed to evaluate the practicality, safety and short-term operative outcomes of intracorporeal gastroduodenostomy in TLDG for gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Medical records of patients with primary distal gastric cancer undergoing Billroth I (B-I) (n = 37) or B-II anastomosis (n = 41) in TLDG from February 2010 to November 2015 were retrospectively analysed. Perioperative data including the extent of lymph node dissection, number of stapler cartridges used, time required to create the anastomosis, operative time, estimated blood loss, proximal and distal margin length, and number of lymph nodes harvested were collected. Short-term post-operative outcomes evaluated during the initial 30 days after surgery included time to first flatus and earliest liquid consumption, length of post-operative hospital stay and incidence of post-operative complications. Results: B-I anastomosis was mainly applied to patients with carcinoma in the lower third of the gastric body (B-I, 81.08% vs. B-II, 31.71%;P < 0.001). Mean operating (B-I, 153.57 ± 18.25 min vs. B-II, 120.17 ± 11.74 min;P = 0.004) and anastomosis (B-I, 31.92 ± 6.10 min vs. B-II, 25.29 ± 3.84 min;P = 0.01) times were significantly longer for B-I anastomosis compared to B-II anastomosis. There were no significant differences in the number of stapler cartridges used, estimated blood loss, time to first flatus and liquid consumption, length of hospital stay or incidence of complications between these groups. Conclusions: TLDG with B-I or B-II anastomosis is safe and feasible for gastric cancer. B-II anastomosis may require less time than B-I anastomosis.

Abstract Background Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignant disease worldwide, with lower one-third gastric cancer the most common type. Distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection was recommended as a standard surgery for distal gastric cancer patients. However, some controversy remains about the anastomosis of the residual stomach and the intestine. The objectives of this trial are to test the hypothesis that uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can reduce postoperative complications and improve nutritional status more effectively than Billroth II anastomosis in gastric cancer patients after D2 gastrectomy. Methods/design This multi-center, prospective, phase III, randomized controlled trial will compare the efficacy of uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis versus Billroth II anastomosis in phase I–III patients with initial treatment of radical distal gastrectomy. Patients will be randomized to undergo either the intervention (uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis) or the control (Billroth II anastomosis). We will recruit 832 patients who meet the trial eligibility criteria and will follow the patients after surgery to observe postoperative complications and nutrition status for 5 years. The primary assessment indices of the study are reflux gastritis, esophagitis, bile regurgitation, and anastomotic ulcer. The secondary assessment indices are nutritional status, quality of life, perioperative complications, overall survival rate, and others. When the number of cases reaches 400, an interim analysis will be performed to identify any evidence of definite superiority of the experimental intervention. Discussion We aim to test the hypothesis that uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can reduce postoperative complications and improve nutritional status more than Billroth II anastomosis in gastric cancer patients after D2 gastrectomy. The results of the trial will contribute to the best evidence on which to base the reconstruction of distal gastrectomy. Trial registration Chinese Southern Gastric Cancer Conference CSGC002 Trial. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02763878. Registered on 5 May 2016.

In this study, we present the clinical manifestations, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and concurrent polyneuropathies in two patients with non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) after gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II) anastomosis procedures. These patients developed sub-acute onset of disorientation and disturbance of consciousness following several weeks of poor intake. Peripheral neuropathy of varying severity was noted before and after the onset of WE. Brain MRI of the patients showed cerebellar vermis and symmetric cortical abnormalities in addition to typical WE changes. Electrophysiological studies demonstrated axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Prompt thiamine supplement therapy was initiated and both patients gradually recovered, however mild amnesia was still noted 6 months later. We reviewed non- alcoholic WE with atypical cortical abnormalities in English language literatures and identified 29 more cases. Eight out of 31 (25.8%) patients died during follow-up. Nine patients with gait disturbance or motor paresis had showed hyporeflexia in neurological examinations. In addition to classic triad, seizure was recorded in seven patients. Dietary deprivation is a risk factor for non-alcoholic WE among elderly patients receiving gastrointestinal surgery. The prognosis is good after thiamine supplement therapy. Recognizing the MRI features and predisposing factors in patients who have undergone gastrectomy can aid in the diagnosis and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We introduced a new, safe and simple intracorporeal Billroth II (B-II) gastrojejunostomy technique using laparoscopic linear staplers with totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG) for gastric cancer. We further compared the short-term operative outcomes between intracorporeal B-II gastrojejunostomy with TLDG and extracorporeal B-II gastrojejunostomy with laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG). Methods: From January 01, 2012 to January 31, 2013, a total of 36 patients with gastric cancer underwent TLDG and LADG. Overall, 11 patients underwent intracorporeal B-II gastrojejunostomy with TLDG, and 25 patients underwent a mini-laparotomy incision for extracorporeal B-II anastomosis with LADG. Perioperative parameters, including patient and tumor characteristics, short-term postoperative outcomes, and anastomosis-related complications, were analyzed to compare the two operations. Results: The time to first flatus, the time on a liquid diet, and the mean postoperative length of hospital stay were significantly different between the groups ( P < 0.05). In the TLDG group, the postoperative time to first flatus and the mean postoperative length of hospital stay were significantly shorter than in the LADG group (2.6 ± 0.20 vs. 3.8 ± 0.1 days; 10 ± 1.84 vs. 12.7 ± 3.35 days). However, the operation-related costs were significantly greater for totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy ( P < 0.001). The mean number of staples used in TLDG was six compared with four in LADG. Conclusion: Our new intracorporeal B-II anastomosis method using laparoscopic linear staplers with TLDG was safe, feasible, and minimally invasive compared with extracorporeal B-II gastrojejunostomy with LADG. At the same time, one of its characteristics of our technique is to avoid stricturing of the efferent loop or afferent loop of the jejunum when the entry hole is closed with a stapler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignant disease worldwide, with lower one-third gastric cancer the most common type. Distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection was recommended as a standard surgery for distal gastric cancer patients. However, some controversy remains about the anastomosis of the residual stomach and the intestine. The objectives of this trial are to test the hypothesis that uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can reduce postoperative complications and improve nutritional status more effectively than Billroth II anastomosis in gastric cancer patients after D2 gastrectomy.Methods/design: This multi-center, prospective, phase III, randomized controlled trial will compare the efficacy of uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis versus Billroth II anastomosis in phase I-III patients with initial treatment of radical distal gastrectomy. Patients will be randomized to undergo either the intervention (uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis) or the control (Billroth II anastomosis). We will recruit 832 patients who meet the trial eligibility criteria and will follow the patients after surgery to observe postoperative complications and nutrition status for 5 years. The primary assessment indices of the study are reflux gastritis, esophagitis, bile regurgitation, and anastomotic ulcer. The secondary assessment indices are nutritional status, quality of life, perioperative complications, overall survival rate, and others. When the number of cases reaches 400, an interim analysis will be performed to identify any evidence of definite superiority of the experimental intervention.Discussion: We aim to test the hypothesis that uncut Roux-en-Y anastomosis can reduce postoperative complications and improve nutritional status more than Billroth II anastomosis in gastric cancer patients after D2 gastrectomy. The results of the trial will contribute to the best evidence on which to base the reconstruction of distal gastrectomy.Trial Registration: Chinese Southern Gastric Cancer Conference CSGC002 Trial. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02763878 . Registered on 5 May 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has been increasingly applied in China. However, how to reduce surgery-related trauma, shorten operative time and achieve the long-term prognosis equal to the conventional open surgery is still hot research topics. Along with the change in learning curve and the optimization of endoscopic techniques, laparoscopic lymph node dissection can achieve or even exceed the extent that can be achieved in open surgery. Therefore, it has gradually replaced the conventional digestive tract reconstruction using an auxiliary incision. By completing the laparoscopic digestive tract reconstruction with EndoGIA, we describe the laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer (Billroth II anastomosis).