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The authors have studied a population of 51 children in which 63 central venous catheters were used for the treatment of leukemias, solid tumors and lymphomas. Two groups were isolated: continuous hospitalization (group A) and intermittent hospitalization with periodical day care (group B). Mean duration of catheterization was 129 days in group A and 176 days in group B (whole population: 149 days), with a total of 9,724 days of catheterization. There was no significant differences between the two groups concerning infection, bleeding, thrombosis or migration. So the authors believe that permanent hospitalization is not mandatory for chemotherapy in children with severe malignant diseases. Periodical day care therapy allows a near normal life for children and a better cooperation from their parents.