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A novel method for the measurement of total phytosterols in fortified food was developed and tested using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Unlike existing methods, this technique is capable of simultaneously extracting sterols during saponification thus significantly reducing extraction time and cost. The rapid method is suitable for sterol determination in a range of complex fortified foods including milk, cheese, fat spreads, oils and meat. The main enhancements of this new method include accuracy and precision, robustness, cost effectiveness and labour/time efficiencies. To achieve these advantages, quantification and the critical aspects of saponification were investigated and optimised. The final method demonstrated spiked recoveries in multiple matrices at 85-110% with a relative standard deviation of 1.9% and measurement uncertainty value of 10%.

This study contributes to answering the question of why narcissistic individuals frequently might be so successful in taking steps toward starting a new venture despite the fact that narcissism is ...

The formation and growth of entrepreneurial ventures often requires the procurement of outside funding. While substantial amount of capital is available to aspiring and early-stage firms, many are ...

This study presents a longitudinal investigation of the EO-performance relationship using a comprehensive dataset of 714 US public manufacturing firms operating between 1978 and 2013. In this manus...

This study presents findings concerning the effects of affective and cognitive rhetoric on the underpricing of firms at the time of their initial public offering. It is suggested that firms which u...

This study offers a broader perspective on the effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) beyond its well established implications for firm financial performance. Herein, it is suggested that thro...