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This paper investigates the relationship between oil, gold and steel prices observed over a period of ten years with the aim of presenting their situation and trends using statistical methods and time series over a longer period of time and their impact on agricultural development. The high share of agriculture in the basic macroeconomic aggregates of the Republic of Serbia conditions that agriculture has a significant role in the foreign trade of the Republic of Serbia, especially in exports. The negative trend of rising fuel prices per farmer reduces the average fuel consumption per hectare. Also, the growth of the price of steel is conditioned by the growth of the prices of agricultural machinery.

Before we ask the question of payroll tax and where we are looking for an answer, lets look at the Labor Law, which provides us with an employment relationship as such in which we exercise certain rights, one of which is the right to salary. What happens to the tax and who is obliged to submit to it, the Law clearly classifies, and this issue necessarily intertwines the economy and law and in correlation with the Constitution, is a necessary assumption of every citizen who contributes with his work, the state with which he is employed. we must not remain excluded from the sphere of interest.

Consideration of learners’ anxiety reactions in learning to speak another language by a language teacher is deemed highly important in order to assist them to achieve the intended performance goals in the target language. This study has attempted to investigate the factors that language anxiety can possibly stem from, both within the classroom environment and out of classroom in the wider social context, and the motivation needed for improving that anxiety by giving recommendations of a variety of strategies to cope with it. This study used a qualitative semistructured interview format and a focus-group discussion technique to investigate the issue. Students of the Military Academy - ESL/EFL learners participated in the investigation. The findings suggest that language anxiety can originate from learners’ own sense of ‘self’, their self-related cognition, language learning difficulties, differences in learners’ and target language cultures, differences in the social status of the speakers and interlocutors, and from the fear of losing self-identity. The pedagogical implications of these findings for understanding second/foreign language anxiety for enhancing learners’ communication abilities in the target language were discussed in accordance to the anxiety level with the motivation needed, as are suggestions for future research.

Modern states are faced with significant budget deficits and public debts. The long-standing negative trend of these categories can create significant negative consequences. All countries strives to rationalize expenditures and increase revenues without distraction the functioning of the economy. The subject of this paper is to create models of forecasting public revenues and public expenditures based on the same in previous years. The analysis includes all EU Member States and the values of public revenues and expenditures over the past ten years. The SPSS software package was used for data analysis and the conclusions were drawn from the obtained results. The importance of the analysis is reflected in the practical foundation of the pre-set theoretical views, which will have their foundation also in the results of the analysis, which will be statistically significant. The resulting model does not have its limitation of application and can be applied to the Republic of Serbia.

As foreign language teachers we are constantly faced with the challenge of finding new, modern, innovative and, above all, attractive to our students, methods and ways that will enable us to more easily adopt foreign vocabulary and thus, of course, achieve students’ richer vocabulary. Thus, our goal as linguists, researchers and primarily teachers is to enrich the vocabulary of foreign words in our students, i.e., students at the departments of Macedonian, German, English, and Italian language and literature at the Faculty of Philology, University "Goce Delcev" - Stip, the Republic of North Macedonia. For that aim, a research team consisting of several professors from the above mentioned departments has prepared this study based on the results of the research in which the third and fourth-year students were included from these departments and answered the questionnaire that consisted of two parts: the first part where carefully selected general statements were asked regarding the knowledge of fairy tales in their mother tongue and foreign languages, and the second part contained practical exercises with which we wanted to prove or disprove our thesis that children who actively read and retold fairy tales in early childhood, have a richer vocabulary at a later age. Confirmation or rejection of our thesis is of great importance for us as a research teaching staff, but also for our students, future teachers, who need to actively transfer their knowledge to their prospective students. With this study, we want to help the teaching professionals and, through the well-known fairy tales by the Brothers Grimm, to facilitate the acquisition of a foreign language in a more sophisticated, easier, and more interesting manner. The question is why fairy tales are the subject of our interest and why we propose them for easier adoption of foreign lexicon by students from the listed language departments at the Faculty of Philology. In response, we quote the well-known thought of Albert Einstein: “If you want your children to be intelligent, read them fairy tales. If you want them to be more intelligent, read them more fairy tales.” With this Einstein’s quote we begin our work because it, in a concise way, conveys the powerful message that is present in every fairy tale, be it in the native Macedonian language or in German, English, Italian or another foreign language. Einstein says that wise people teach their children about life with instructive messages presented through fairy tales. So, by learning about life and the wisdom of life, in fact, new vocabulary of a foreign language is unconsciously adopted by the students from the mentioned language departments at the Faculty of Philology. There is great truth in this Einstein's quote that fairy tales really have a positive impact on the enrichment of the vocabulary both of the native Macedonian language and of the foreign languages our students study

Motivation has inspired а lot of authors to identify its characteristics. It has also inspired students and teachers to learn and teach foreign languages through its different types and provide different results in teaching and learning the language. This is closely connected to how evaluation has the potential to influence students and motivate them to learn a foreign language and how teachers should find easier or more difficult ways of evaluating them depending on what kind of motivation is involved during the class. This paper deals with the issue of how different evaluation methods provide opportunities for students to meet different motives. The students do that by answering a questionnaire, which is the initial hypothesis of it. The target groups are third year students, 15 of each one, from the departments of English language and literature, German language and literature, and Macedonian language and literature at the Faculty of Philology, Goce Delcev University – Stip. The students answer 15 questions concerning the different methods they are evaluated by. They provide their answers by answering the questions and they give their opinion about the different types of evaluation methods. The results are used to give us an insight into the influence of the different evaluation methods on students’ motivation, so we can see whether they are actually the main reason why students learn or do not learn foreign languages and an inspiration to teachers to be familiar with which types of evaluation methods decrease or increase the level of motivation while learning a foreign language. As a result of that they are able to use those methods in future in order to improve the level of foreign language knowledge that the students should possess and gain.

“Equivalence is the relation between language forms of different language systems that have the same function in certain text.” [1] The today’s world brings us rapid technological development which in itself also carries intensification of communication not only in the field economy and politics but also in the field of culture; this means that what has a crucial role in the development of the world is communication. For its continuous development it is necessary to overcome the obstacles that occur in mutual communication, especially among speakers of different languages. We will indicate equivalence as the main tool for communication, which is finding the right language parallels between the languages in which the communication takes place. In this context we should mention phraseologisms as a specific language category, characteristic of each language individually, which in fact is a major obstacle to communication in different languages. The problem is in the inability to always find suitable equivalents of the source language in the target language, for which finding alternative translation solutions that will capture the semantic meaning is recommended [2]. In this paper we will try to clarify the term equivalence through examples of German and English phraseologisms, as widely used languages, and to emphasize the importance of the term equivalence in relation to phraseologisms.

This paper presents the project “Evaluation of Teaching Language and Literature in Higher Education”. The project is meant to investigate various types of evaluation procedures in order to establish feasibility of the objectives and tasks of teaching and learning that are transformed into qualitative and quantitative changes in students’ development. This evaluation will be taking place both in the process of learning and in the final stage of teaching, meaning that formative and summative assessment of students’ and teachers’ achievements will be performed. Teachers evaluate the teaching process so as to determine the level of their teaching practice success and to compare their teaching skills to those of their colleagues. With this evaluation, we will also monitor the process of implementation of respective study programs and receive direct information on students’ opinion concerning their courses. We will also get feedback about the teaching process by collecting data on the part of students and fellow teachers, and evaluation will be carried out using evaluation sheets, questionnaires, structured group debates, or e-mail questionnaires. The subject of his project are evaluation types and we will present some examples of evaluation procedures. In addition, we will try to define the notion and to theoretically establish the action research and critical friendship. The project will be carried out with second, third and fourth-year students at the Faculty of Philology, as well as with a number of professors teaching both compulsory and elective subjects.

Purpose. The development of agriculture and the security of food supply primarily on the domestic market represent the base of the economic development, and of economic and social stability of a country. Methodology. By using the VaR method, which is the best available risk-measuring technique, the crude oil price fluctuations will be followed in a designated period, in order to understand its influence on the creation of the business policy of agricultural producers. Results. A significant support for the development of agriculture is provided by the leading companies in the crude oil and oil derivatives industry. Conclusions. The aim of the current study is to comprehend the level of influence of crude oil prices as a global economic factor on the behavior of agricultural producers.

The paper is based on a research of the representation and knowledge of German phraseology, for which several phraseological dictionaries and dictionaries of German as a foreign language have been used and native speakers of German were surveyed, i.e. a total number of 1,112 German phraseologisms have been analyzed. The list of the 143 most widely used and well-known German phraseologisms for which the authors say that it is the “phraseological optimum” for German as a foreign language is in the focus of our research. Out of this, a total number of 50 most popular German phraseologisms and their equivalents in English are chosen for our research. Therefore, we will use this optimum as the starting point for our research. We will also try, by using an appropriate questionnaire, to find out what the state of the so-called “phraseological optimum” is with students studying German and English as foreign languages at the Department of German Language and the Department of English Language at the Faculty of Philology at the Goce Delcev University in Stip, R. Macedonia, with students from the first to the fourth year.

This paper reports on the outcome of a project ‘Computer for Every Child’ implemented in primary and secondary schools in Macedonia in 2007. The paper presents both foreign language teachers’ and their primary and secondary school students' views, their personal judgement and evaluation of this project. It reports on a survey carried out on a number of primary and secondary school students' and their foreign language teachers. The paper aims at providing an insight into how teachers and students understand the implementation of ICT in the teaching process in the foreign language classroom, and it finally draws a few conclusions concerning corresponding changes necessary for the improvement of the teaching staff and the teacher training teaching process.