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Background/aim: We aimed to evaluate the association of the umbilical cord macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants. Materials and methods: A total of eighty six preterm infants (38 with RDS and 48 without RDS) were involved in the study. ELISA is the technique assaying MIF values. Results: The mean of the infants’ gestational ages and birth weights were significantly different (P = 0.0001). There were no significant differences in sex, delivery mode or exposure to antenatal steroid among the groups (P > 0.05). Umbilical cord MIF levels of the infants were not correlated with gestational age and birth weight (Spearman’s rho = –0.22 and 0.28 respectively, P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in umbilical cord MIF levels of infants whether or not they were administered antenatal steroid (median:17.88 vs. median:17.60, Mann–Whitney U test, P = 0.42). Cord serum MIF levels were higher (mean, 17.09 ± 5.86 ng/mL) in the RDS group than in the non-RDS group (mean, 14.72 ± 4.18 ng/mL) (P = 0.005). Conclusion: This study shows that, MIF level is higher in the cord blood of the infants with RDS than of the infants without RDS. This supports that MIF expression begins in prior to the birth of the preterm infants and MIF has enhancing impact on the lung development of premature babies. With future studies, the assessment of the cord MIF levels at the bedside may be beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of RDS, and taking actions to prevent long-term consequences. Bezmiâlem Vakıf Üniversitesi

Objective: The colostrum contains macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which plays an important role in protecting newborns from infections. As such, colostrum may be specifically important to prevent early onset neonatal sepsis among neonates born after premature rupture of membranes (PROM). However, the effect of PROM on the colostral MIF concentration has not been previously described. The aim of this study is to compare the concentration of MIF in the colostrum of mothers with and without PROM.Methods: The study group consisted of 44 women, 22 of whom had PROM. Colostrum was expressed and collected within 72 hours of birth. MIF concentration was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method and compared between mothers with and without PROM.Results: There were no differences between the two groups (PROM group n = 22, control group n = 22) with regard to the age of mothers, mode of delivery, neonatal gestational age, birth weight, and sex of the infants (p > 0.05). The colostral MIF concentration was significantly higher among mothers with than without PROM (p = 0.0001). There was a positive and significant correlation between the colostral MIF concentration and PROM duration (r = 0.314, p = 0.038).Conclusions: PROM was associated with a higher colostral MIF concentration, with this concentration being positively correlated with the duration of PROM. This increased concentration may be important in offering these neonates additional protection against early onset infections, which is a risk associated with PROM.

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Newborns, particularly preterm babies, are prone to vascular vasospasm and thromboembolism. Differences in the haemostatic system, small vessel diameter and presence of any serious diseases are predisposing causes of thromboembolic disease in newborns. The lack of randomized controlled studies on the management of vasospasm and thromboembolism exacerbates the problem. We present a case series of the successful and safe use of PTX for the treatment of vasospasm and thrombosis in neonates. METHODS The study was conducted in the Bezmialem Vakif University Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). A retrospective chart review was performed on consecutive patients treated for vascular spasm and thrombosis. Nine patients diagnosed with vasospasm or thrombosis were enrolled in the study. RESULTS Five patients had arterial injuries. Six patients were premature, and five patients were diagnosed with thrombosis by using Doppler ultrasonography (US). The drug was diluted with 5% dextrose and administered intravenously at a dose of 5 mg/kg/h over six hours, ranging from 1 to 5 days. No drug-related side effects were observed. All babies recovered, and no amputation was performed. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION PTX may be an alternative treatment for vascular vasospasm and thromboembolism with fewer side effects than anticoagulant and thrombolytic agents in neonates. Starting PTX in the early stages of vascular insult may prevent the development of vasospasm and thromboembolism and thus limb ischaemia.

Objectives: Aromatherapy has become popular in pain control in recent years compared with other complementary methods. Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Miller) is a fragrant essential oil used in aromatherapy for its antibacterial, antifungal, muscle-relaxing, and analgesic effects. The smell of lavender oil, known for its soothing effect on adults, has not been adequately investigated in regards to pain control in premature infants. The purpose of our study was to assign the effect of the scent of lavender oil on pain in preterm infants during heel lancing.

Objective:Neonatal sepsis is one of the most frequent and life threatening disorder in the first one month of life. The type of the causative organisms and their resistance may change by the time even in the same hospital. In this study, we aimed to evaluate characteristics of the culture-proven cases in our neonatal intensive care unit.Methods:Between January 2012-July 2015, 1735 neonates who were hospitalized at neonatal intensive care unit of Bezmialem Vakıf University Hospital. The 56 patients diagnosed as culture proven sepsis were involved in the study.Results:The mean gestational age of patients was 31,70±4,92 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1654,07±906,6 grams. The patients were 76,8% premature and 23,2% term newborns. Early onset neonatal sepsis was diagnosed %14,3% of patients, late onset neonatal sepsis was diagnosed 85,7% of patients. KoNS was the most frequently isolated gram positive microorganism in whole cultures. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated gram negative microorganisms. Vancomycin resistance was not determined in any of the gram positive microorganisms. Meropenem resistance was not determined and imipenem had a maximum value of 50% resistance in the evaluated gram negative microorganisms. Mortality rate was 12,5% in both early onset neonatal sepsis and in late onset neonatal sepsis. All of the babies who were died were premature in both sepsis groups.Discussion:The type of sepsis and microorganisms and their antibiotic resistance changes amongst neonatal intensive care units and also in the same unit by the time. Active surveillance is recommended to update the treatment protocols.

Beken, Serdar/0000-0002-8609-2684; BAS, AHMET YAGMUR/0000-0002-1329-2167; Bulbul, Ali/0000-0002-3510-3056; Karatekin, Guner/0000-0001-7112-0323, WOS: 000534242500056, PubMed: 31851725, Objective To investigate the early neonatal outcomes of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants discharged home from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Turkey. Material and methods A prospective cohort study was performed between April 1, 2016 and April 30, 2017. the study included VLBW infants admitted to level III NICUs. Perinatal and neonatal data of all infants born with a birth weight of.1500 g were collected for infants who survived. Results Data from 69 NICUs were obtained. the mean birth weight and gestational age were 1137 +/- 245 g and 29 +/- 2.4 weeks, respectively. During the study period, 78% of VLBW infants survived to discharge and 48% of survived infants had no major neonatal morbidity. VLBW infants who survived were evaluated in terms of major morbidities: bronchopulmonary dysplasia was detected in 23.7% of infants, necrotizing enterocolitis in 9.1%, blood culture proven late-onset sepsis (LOS) in 21.1%, blood culture negative LOS in 21.3%, severe intraventricular hemorrhage in 5.4% and severe retinopathy of prematurity in 11.1%. Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus was diagnosed in 24.8% of infants. Antenatal steroids were administered to 42.9% of mothers. Conclusion the present investigation is the first multicenter study to include epidemiological information on VLBW infants in Turkey. Morbidity rate in VLBW infants is a serious concern and higher than those in developed countries. Implementation of oxygen therapy with appropriate monitoring, better antenatal and neonatal care and control of sepsis may reduce the prevalence of neonatal morbidities. Therefore, monitoring standards of neonatal care and implementing quality improvement projects across the country are essential for improving neonatal outcomes in Turkish NICUs., Turkish Neonatal Society [2-2016]; Turkish Neonatal Society, This study was supported by the Turkish Neonatal Society, http://www.neonatology.org.tr, number 2-2016, received by AYB. Turkish Neonatal Society funded the study's online registry system. the funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

To investigate cord arterial blood sample and the relationship between birth stress and intraocular pressure in infants at 5 min after delivery. The IOP measurements were taken using Tonopen-Avia tonometer to 158 newborns (158 eyes) at 5th min after birth, in a university hospital. Cord blood was collected within 3 min after delivery. Intraocular pressure, gender, gestation period, mode of delivery, and birth weight of newborns were noted from medical records. Sixty-two babies were delivered by normal vaginal delivery (NVD) and 96 by cesarian section (C/S). Mean IOP of NVD and C/S groups were 19.56 ± 3.84 and 17.42 ± 3.50, respectively. There was significant difference of mean IOP between two groups. (p

INTRODUCTION[|]To evaluate to changes and the reasons of the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) in the first 24 hours of life of full-term newborns.[¤]METHODS[|]IOP,CCT measurements were determined by using Tono-Pen XL tonometer,portable pachymeter.In this prospective study we evaluate IOP and CCT of the 32right eyes of 32 newborn infants by vaginal delivery.The data was included.IOP and CCTmeasurements taken at 5th minutes just after the delivery and 24th h of the first day of the post partum period.Infant weights,heights,gender APGAR scores and gestational ages were also obtained.[¤]RESULTS[|]The mean IOP and CCT of right eyes was decreased significantly from18.67 +- 3.28 mmHg and684.72 +- 58.79 µm at the fifth minute after delivery to16.10 +- 2.87 mmHg and 611.28 +- 49.41 µm at the 24th hour of the postpartum period(p < 0.0001).There was no statistically difference between right-left eyes in terms of IOP and CCT at any measurement point. [¤]DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION[|]We found that the mean IOP and CCT was decreased significantly between the values at the fifth minute after delivery and the 24th hour of the postpartum period.There is a need for more research to investigate the changes and the causes in IOP and CCT of newborns.[¤]

Freman-Sheldon sendromu, ıslık çalar şekilde küçük ağız, maske şeklinde yüz, eklem kontraktürleri (özellikle el ve parmaklarda), gelişmemiş burun kıkırdağı ile karakterize otozomal dominant (nadiren otozomal resesif olgular da bildirilmiştir geçiş gösteren bir hastalıktır. Diğer klinik bulguları; geniş alın, derin yerleşimli gözler, epikantal kıvrımlar, yüksek damak, H şeklinde çukurlaşan çene, ellerin ulnar deviasyonu, nöbetler ve kalça çıkığıdır. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitemize 10 günlük erkek hasta sarılık ve yüksek ateş nedeniyle yatırıldı. Hastamızın 42,5°C ateşi, ıslık çalar şekilde küçük ağzı, maske şeklinde yüzü, parmaklarda eklem kontraktürleri, ellerinde ulnar deviasyonu vardı. Anne baba akraba idi ve 1 yaşında bir erkek çocuklarını intrakraniyal hemoraji nedeniyle kaybetmişlerdi. İngilizce literatür taramalarında 60 olgudan fazla Freman-Sheldon sendromu olgusu bulunduğu görülmekle birlikte olgumuz hemofili A ile birlikteliği olan ilk, anestezi almadan hipertermi görülen ikinci olgudur The Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) (whistling face) is a congenital autosomal dominant disease (rarely described in its autosomal recessive form) characterized by small "whistling" mouth, a flat masklike face, joint contractures (commonly involving the fingers and hands) and underdevelopment of the nasal cartilage. Other clinical features include full forehead, deep set eyes, epicanthal folds, high palate, H-shaped cutaneous dimpling on the chin, ulnar deviation of the hands, seizures, and dislocation of the hip. A 10-day-old male newborn was admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit with jaundice and hyperthermia. He had fever of 42.5°C, small whistling mouth, a flat mask-like face, joint contractures of the fingers, and ulnar deviation of the hands. The parents were consanguineous and one of the boys died when he was 1 years old due to intracranial hemorrhage. To our knowledge, there have been more than 60 cases diagnosed with FSS. This is the first reported case of Freeman-Sheldon syndrome associated with hemophilia A and the second case of FSS associated with fever without anesthesia

Exposure to alcohol in the fetal period leads to various structural abnormalities and is called as fetal alcohol syndrome. Cranial and facial anomalies are the common features of fetal alcohol syndrome. Microcephaly is frequently associated with fetal alcohol syndrome, but hydrocephalus may be rarely seen. The female baby at a gestational age of 33 weeks and with a weight of 2000 g was born prematurely at our hospital from a mother of a foreign nationality. The baby had dysmorphic features and macrocephalus. The mother drank 1 L alcohol per day during pregnancy. The baby was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for prematurity, hydrocephalus, and fetal alcohol syndrome. In our country, alcohol use in women, particularly pregnant women, is a very rare condition because of community rules and beliefs. In this report, we highlighted fetal alcohol syndrome and its coexistence with hydrocephalus.

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency due to CPS1 mutations is a rare autosomal-recessive urea cycle disorder causing hyperammonemia that can lead to death or severe neurological impairment. CPS1 catalyzes carbamoyl phosphate formation from ammonia, bicarbonate and two molecules of ATP, and requires the allosteric activator N-acetyl-L-glutamate. Clinical mutations occur in the entire CPS1 coding region, but mainly in single families, with little recurrence. We characterized here the only currently known recurrent CPS1 mutation, p.Val1013del, found in eleven unrelated patients of Turkish descent using recombinant His-tagged wild type or mutant CPS1 expressed in baculovirus/insect cell system. The global CPS1 reaction and the ATPase and ATP synthesis partial reactions that reflect, respectively, the bicarbonate and the carbamate phosphorylation steps, were assayed. We found that CPS1 wild type and V1013del mutant showed comparable expression levels and purity but the mutant CPS1 exhibited no significant residual activities. In the CPS1 structural model, V1013 belongs to a highly hydrophobic beta-strand at the middle of the central beta-sheet of the A subdomain of the carbamate phosphorylation domain and is close to the predicted carbamate tunnel that links both phosphorylation sites. Haplotype studies suggested that p.Val1013del is a founder mutation. In conclusion, the mutation p.V1013del inactivates CPS1 but does not render the enzyme grossly unstable or insoluble. Recurrence of this particular mutation in Turkish patients is likely due to a founder effect, which is consistent with the frequent consanguinity observed in the affected population. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.