45 results on '"Bijelović, Sanja"'
Search Results
2. Noise induced human population annoyance in urban environment of city of Novi Sad (Serbia)
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Živadinović Emil, Jevtić Marija, Bijelović Sanja, and Dragić Nataša
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environmental urban traffic noise ,annoyance ,human population ,Science - Abstract
The objective of this paper is to estimate percent of the human population in the City of Novi Sad (CNS) annoyed by road traffic noise according to two methods (ISO 1996-1: 2016, and National norm from 2010). 24-hour noise measurements data in the area of the city center and city roads in the CNS from 2012 to 2016 are obtained from the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina (IPHV). Both methods show similar results, although with varying precision within the different noise range. Night noise stands out as a problem due to the fact that the expert recognize it as a significant factor responsible for the non-auditory effects of noise on human health and because the results of measurements of the IPHV confirm that the night-time noise is increased by 98% of measurements in the city traffic area.
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- 2022
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3. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Intake through Fish Oil Food Supplements
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Torović, Ljilja, primary, Fuentes, Jelena Banović, additional, and Bijelović, Sanja, additional
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- 2024
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4. Gluten Content of Gluten Free Products Marketed in Serbia
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Miodragović, Gordana Milojević, primary, Torović, Ljilja, additional, and Bijelović, Sanja, additional
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- 2024
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5. AMMONIUM, NITRATE AND NITRITE CONCENTRATIONS IN DRINKING WATER OF THE SOUTH BAČKA DISTRICT OF VOJVODINA
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Matijašević, Ivana, primary, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, Bobić, Stanka, additional, Živadinović, Emil, additional, and Lazović, Maja, additional
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- 2024
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6. Biomonitoring Study of Toxic Metal(loid)s: Levels in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients.
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Milošević, Nataša, Milanović, Maja, Sazdanić Velikić, Danica, Sudji, Jan, Jovičić-Bata, Jelena, Španović, Milorad, Ševo, Mirjana, Lukić Šarkanović, Mirka, Torović, Ljilja, Bijelović, Sanja, and Milić, Nataša
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SMOKING ,DENTAL fillings ,DENTAL amalgams ,LUNG cancer ,CHROMIUM ,HEAVY metals - Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate heavy metal(loid)s (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, Mn, Mo, Ni, and As) in lung cancer patients in order to elucidate their role as lung cancer environmental risk factors. Sixty-three patients of both sexes with adenocarcinoma stage IIIB or IV were enrolled in this research. The heavy metal(loid) urine concentrations were measured using ICP-MS. Arsenic was quantified above 10 μg/L in 44.44% of the samples. Nickel urinary concentrations above the ToxGuide reference levels were found in 50.79% of the samples, while lead was quantified in 9.52% of the urine samples. The urinary chromium levels were above the mean ToxGuide levels in 41.27% of the patients and were significantly higher in men in comparison with women (p = 0.035). The chromium urinary concentrations were positively associated with the CRP serum levels (p = 0.037). Cadmium was quantified in 61.90% of the samples with levels significantly higher in females than in males (p = 0.023), which was associated with smoking habits. Mercury was measured above the limit of quantification in 63.49% of the samples and was not associated with amalgam dental fillings. However, the Hg urinary concentrations were correlated positively with the ALT (p = 0.02), AST (p < 0.001), and GGT (p < 0.001) serum levels. In 46.03% of the samples, the Mo concentrations were above 32 μg/L, the mean value for healthy adults according to the ToxGuide, and 9.52% of the patients had Mn levels higher than 8 μg/L, the reference value for healthy adults based on ToxGuide data. The obtained results are preliminary, and further studies are needed to have a deeper insight into metal(loid) exposure's association with lung cancer development, progression, and survival prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Mosquito and human surveillance of mosquito-borne diseases in the Serbian city of Novi Sad in 2022
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Radovanov, Jelena, primary, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, Kovačević, Gordana, additional, Patić, Aleksandra, additional, Pustahija, Tatjana, additional, and Cvjetković, Ivana Hrnjaković, additional
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- 2023
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8. Safety Assessment of Herbal Food Supplements: Elemental Profiling and Associated Risk
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Torović, Ljilja, primary, Vojvodić, Slađana, additional, Lukić, Danijela, additional, Srđenović Čonić, Branislava, additional, and Bijelović, Sanja, additional
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- 2023
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9. The Influence of Air Pollution on Non-Infectious Hospitalizations for Severe Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Time-Series from Serbia
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Javorac, Jovan, primary, Živanović, Dejan, additional, Ilić, Miroslav, additional, Kašiković Lečić, Svetlana, additional, Milenković, Ana, additional, Dragić, Nataša, additional, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, Savić, Nevena, additional, Tot Vereš, Kristina, additional, Smuđa, Mirjana, additional, Stojkov, Svetlana, additional, and Jevtić, Marija, additional
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- 2023
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10. Convergence on EU and USA Food Safety Regulation Approach, Regarding Foodborne Outbreaks
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Spiric, Danka, Jovanovic, Dragana Radic, Palibrk, Vesna Pantic, Bijelovic, Sanja, Djuragic, Olivera, and Reddy, P. Gopal
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- 2015
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11. Salt content in ready-to-eat food and bottled spring and mineral water retailed in Novi Sad
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Trajković-Pavlović Ljiljana B., Popović Milka B., Bijelović Sanja V., Velicki Radmila S., and Torović Ljilja D.
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sodium chloride ,dietary ,food ,bottled water ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction. Salt intake above 5 g/person/day is a strong independent risk factor for hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular diseases. Published studies indicate that the main source of salt in human diet is processed ready-to-eat food, contributing with 65-85% to daily salt intake. Objective. The aim of this paper was to present data on salt content of ready-to-eat food retailed in Novi Sad, Serbia, and contribution of the salt contained in 100 g of food to the recommended daily intake of salt for healthy and persons with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods. In 1,069 samples of ready-to-eat food, salt (sodium chloride) content was calculated based on chloride ion determined by titrimetric method, while in 54 samples of bottled water sodium content was determined using flame-photometry. Food items in each food group were categorized as low, medium or high salt. Average salt content of each food group was expressed as a percentage of recommended daily intake for healthy and for persons with CVD risk. Results. Average salt content (g/100 g) ranged from 0.36±0.48 (breakfast cereals) to 2.32±1.02 (grilled meat). The vast majority of the samples of sandwiches (91.7%), pizza (80.7%), salami (73.9%), sausages (72.9%), grilled meat (70.0%) and hard cheese (69.6%) had a high salt profile. Average amount of salt contained in 100 g of food participated with levels ranging from 7.2% (breakfast cereals) to 46.4% (grilled meat) and from 9.6% to 61.8% in the recommended daily intake for healthy adult and person with CVD risk, respectively. Average sodium content in 100 ml of bottled spring and mineral water was 0.33±0.30 mg and 33±44 mg, respectively. Conclusion. Ready-to-eat food retailed in Novi Sad has high hidden salt content, which could be considered as an important contributor to relatively high salt consumption of its inhabitants.
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- 2015
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12. Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality in Ap Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia
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Bijelović, Sanja, primary, Jevtić, Marija, additional, Dragić, Nataša, additional, and Živadinović, Emil, additional
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- 2022
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13. AMMONIUM, NITRATE AND NITRITE CONCENTRATIONS IN DRINKING WATER OF THE SOUTH BAČKA DISTRICT OF VOJVODINA.
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Matijašević, Ivana, Bijelović, Sanja, Bobić, Stanka, Živadinović, Emil, and Lazović, Maja
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DRINKING water , *CONTAMINATION of drinking water , *WATER pollution , *AMMONIUM , *NITRITES , *WATER purification , *CHEMICAL preconcentration - Abstract
Safe drinking water is one of the basic conditions for life on our planet, necessary for all vital processes in the biosphere. Pollution of water sources, largely from wide-scale agricultural fertilizer use, has resulted in nitrate and nitrite contamination of drinking water. Aim: To determine the concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in drinking water as potential hazards in the settlements of the South Bačka administrative district of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (northern part of Serbia). A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2019. We analysed 8434 drinking water samples (7319 purified chlorinated, 386 untreated but chlorinated, and 729 untreated). For assessing the concentration of ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite in drinking water, samples were analyzed by a certified laboratory at the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina using spectrophotometric method. After analyzing samples of purified chlorinated, untreated chlorinated, and untreated water, the exceedance of the prescribed values of ammonium were found in 0.45%, 64.77% and 68.45%, and for nitrites in 0.04%, 5.96% and 0.82% of the samples, respectively. The concentration of nitrate in drinking water concerning the degree of water purification (purified chlorinated and untreated water) exceeded the prescribed value in 0.01% and 5% of the samples, respectively. Determined exceedances of the prescribed limit values for nitrite concentrations recorded in purified chlorinated, untreated chlorinated, and untreated drinking water as well as for nitrate mainly in untreated drinking water, could be considered as potential hazards for human health, especially for the sensitive population group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Analysis of salt content in meals in kindergarten facilities in Novi Sad
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Bijelović Sanja, Torović Ljilja, Martinov-Cvejin Mirjana, Novaković Budimka, and Trajković-Pavlović Ljiljana
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salt ,meals ,children ,kindergarten ,Medicine - Abstract
Introduction. Investigations have brought evidence that salt intake is positively related to systolic blood pressure and that children with higher blood pressure are more susceptible to hypertension in adulthood. In developed countries the main source of salt is processed food. Objective The aim of this paper was to determine total sodium chloride (NaCl) in average daily meal (breakfast, snack and dinner) and in each of three meals children receive in kindergarten. Methods. From kindergarten, in the meal time, 88 samples of daily meals ( breakfast, snacks and dinner) offered to children aged 4-6 years were taken. Standardized laboratory methods were applied to determine proteins, fats, ash and water in order to calculate energy value of meal. The titrimetric method with AgNO3, and K2CrO4 as indicator, was applied in order to determine chloride ion. Content of NaCl was calculated as %NaCl = mlAgNO3 × 0.05844 × 5 × 100/g tested portion. NaCl content in total daily meal and each meal and in 100 kcal of each meal was calculated using descriptive statistical method. Student’s t-test was applied to determine statistical differences of NaCl amount among meals. Results. NaCl content in average daily meal was 5.2±1.7 g (CV 31.7%), in breakfast 1.5±0.6 g (CV 37.5%), in dinner 3.5±1.6 g (CV 46.1%) and in snack 0.3±0.4 g (CV 163.3%). NaCl content per 100 kcal of breakfast was 0.4±0.1 g (CV 29.5%), dinner 0.7±0.2 g (CV 27.8%) and snack 0.13±0.19 g (CV 145.8%). The difference of NaCl content among meals was statistically significant (p
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- 2010
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15. How a routine checking of Escherichia coli in retailed food of animal origin can protect consumers against exposition to Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes?
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Trajković-Pavlović Ljiljana, Novaković Budimka, Martinov-Cvejin Mirjana, Gusman Vera, Bijelović Sanja, Dragnić Nataša, and Balać Dragana
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food contamination ,food inspection ,food microbiology ,Escherichia coli ,Campylobacter ,Listeria monocytogenes ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background/Aim. According to the literature that has been published over the last two decades Campylobacter spp i Listeria monocitogens can be identified as causes of numerous diseases derived by consuming food of animal origin. The purpose of this paper was to find out how established national microbiological criteria of the Republic of Serbia on food safety in retailed food of animal origin could contribute to consumer's protection against exposition to foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. Methods. During a routine microbiological safety control of randomly selected 60 samples of fresh poultry meat, 30 samples of other fresh meat readymade for grilling, 30 samples of sausage products, 37 samples of heattreated meat, 39 samples of toppings for fast food of animal origin and 31 samples of dairy products a national food safety criteria (Escherichia coli, aerobic plate count, Salmonella spp., coagulasa positive Staphylococcus, Proteus spp., sulphitoreducting Clostridia) were applied and, as well as, testing to Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocitogens. In determination of Campylobacter spp. and Listeria monocytogenes, food quality control methods of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) were applied, while in determination of the other above motioned bacteria, national provisions on microbiological methods were applied who are adjusted to the FAO ones. Results. Related to the national criteria on microbiological food safety, 88 (38.8%) samples, out of the total 227 tested, were rejected. When to these results, the results of laboratory tests on Listeria monocytogens were added, a terminal number of rejected samples were not changed. When to these results, the results of Campylobacter spp. testing were added, 91 (40.1%) out of the 227 samples were unsatisfied. Results of logistic regression model with occurrence of Escherichia coli as dependent variable indicated that Escherichia coli was 4.5 times likely to occur among samples with Campylobacter spp. than among samples without Campylobacter spp. (OR = 4.515, 95% CI: 1.019-20.002). Sensitivity of the fitted model (Hosmer-Lemeshow p = 0.268) was 76.8% and its specificity was 75.0%. At the same time Escherichia coli was confound in all (100%) food samples that were contaminated by Listeria monocytogenes. Conclusion. Statistical analysis indicated that Escherichia coli was completely sensitive to identify all samples contaminated with Listeria monocytogenas and highly sensitive to identify samples contaminated with Campylobacter spp. Nevertheless, 3 (1.3%) of the tested samples were not covered with Escherichia coli.
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- 2010
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16. Cardiovascular diseases and air pollution in Novi Sad, Serbia
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Jevtić, Marija, Dragić, Nataša, Bijelović, Sanja, and Popović, Milka
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- 2014
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17. Drinking-water quality and sanitary conditions in small piped drinking water supply systems in rural areas in Serbia: Comparative analysis between Broad areas
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Jovanović, Dragana, primary, Paunović, Katarina, additional, Spasović, Katarina, additional, Karadžić, Vesna, additional, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, Gligorijević, Snežana, additional, Ristanović-Ponjavić, Ivana, additional, and Jovanović, Verica, additional
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- 2022
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18. Water, sanitation, and hygiene services in health care facilities in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia
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Bijelović, Sanja, primary, Grossi, Valentina, additional, Shinee, Enkhtsetseg, additional, Schmoll, Oliver, additional, Jovanović, Dragana, additional, Paunović, Katarina, additional, Dragić, Nataša, additional, and Velicki, Radmila, additional
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- 2021
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19. What Are the Effects of Meteorological Factors on Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?
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Javorac, Jovan, primary, Jevtić, Marija, additional, Živanović, Dejan, additional, Ilić, Miroslav, additional, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, and Dragić, Nataša, additional
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- 2021
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20. Environmental noise in Novi Sad 1985 - 2016
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Živadinović, Emil, Jevtić, Marija, and Bijelović, Sanja
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Equipment and Supplies ,Risk Factors ,History of Medicine ,Public Health ,Cities ,Environment ,Noise - Abstract
Introduction. Noise is recognized as a physical hazard in the environment, and if it causes adverse effects to human health, it is recognized as a risk. Also, it is a harmful outdoor sound created by human activity. The aim of this paper was to present the history of environmental noise measurements in Novi Sad, as well as the indicators, methods, standards and results during three decades. Material and Methods. From 1985 to 2011, the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina conducted noise measurements presented as the equivalent continuous sound pressure levels, which were, at the same time, the rating equivalent continuous levels, due to the representativity of the measurement conditions and measurement sites selection. Since 2011, the measurements have included the basic noise indicators - daily, evening, night and total noise, while the measurement sites were ranked in accordance to the European Environmental Noise Directive. Results. There is a lot of available data about environmental noise in Novi Sad from 1985 - 2016, but only the data from five representative measurement sites are presented in the paper. The linear trends of daily and night noise from all the measurement sites show a fall, but it does not mean that the environmental noise is reduced. All the data show that the minimum and maximum values are getting close to each other, which indicates that environmental noise is evenly distributed and is present everywhere. Conclusion. Based on the 30 -year results, always using modern methodology and equipment, as well as expert knowledge, it may be concluded that the environmental noise in Novi Sad presents a long-lasting physical hazard.
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- 2018
21. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND AIR POLLUTION IN NOVI SAD, SERBIA
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Jevtić, Marija, primary, Dragić, Nataša, additional, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, and Popović, Milka, additional
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- 2018
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22. Određivanje sadržaja patulina u proizvodima od jabuka i procena izloženosti stanovništva patulinu
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Torović, Ljilja, Bijelović, Sanja, Vuković, Gorica, Beara, Ivana, Hogervorst, Jelena, Dimitrov, Nina, Torović, Ljilja, Bijelović, Sanja, Vuković, Gorica, Beara, Ivana, Hogervorst, Jelena, and Dimitrov, Nina
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Sprovedena studija po prvi put izveštava o prisustvu patulina, sekundarnog metabolita određenih vrsta plesni, u proizvodima od jabuka, kao i proceni rizika usled unosa patulina od strane odojčadi, dece, adolescenata i odrasle populacije u Republici Srbiji. Ukupno 356 uzoraka sokova i kašica za odojčad i malu decu (48 i 66, redom), sokova za decu (mala pakovanja sa cevčicom, 100) i sokova u porodičnom pakovanju (142), sakupljeno je sa tržišta tokom tri godine i analizirano primenom tečne hromatografije sa ultraljubičastom detekcijom, metodom koja je predhodno validirana. Prisustvo patulina je detektovano u 44% i 17% uzoraka sokova i kašica za odojčad i malu decu, redom, u količinama nižim od zakonskog ograničenja od 10 μg/kg (maksimalno 8,3 i 7,7 μg/kg, redom). Udeo kontaminiranih uzoraka među sokovima za decu iznosio je 43%, sa najvišom koncentracijom patulina od 30,2 μg/kg ispod maksimalno dozvoljenog nivoa od 50 μg/kg. Patulin je detektovan u 51% sokova u porodičnom pakovanju, sa 0,7% uzoraka iznad zakonske granice od 50 μg/kg (prosečna koncentracija 4,3 μg/kg). Sokovi od jabuka su pokazali značajno viši udeo kontaminiranih uzoraka (74% u odnosu na 28%), kao i viši prosečni sadržaj patulina (6,4 u odnosu na 2,1 μg/kg) u poređenju sa sokovima od mešanog voća. Procena rizika usled unosa patulina od strane odojčadi, dece, adolescenata i odrasle populacije u Republici Srbiji, sprovedena primenom determinističkog i probabilističkog pristupa, uključujući rezultate biodostupnosti patulina, pokazala je da je odnos između procenjenog dnevnog unosa i toksikološke referentne doze za patulin od 0,4 μg/kg telesne mase, koji se označava kao “hazard quotient”, znatno ispod 1, što ukazuje na tolerantan nivo izloženosti i nepostojanje razloga za zabrinutost za zdravlje populacije. Dodatno, analiza ostataka pesticida i toksičnih metala potvrdila je bezbednost proizvoda od jabuka na tržištu. Međutim, identifikacija višestrukih ostataka pesticida je razlog za aktivan pristup i pažlji, This study reports for the first time the occurrence of patulin, a secondary metabolite of certain fungi, in apple-based food, as well as risk assessment related to patulin intake by infants, children, adolescents and adults in Serbia. In total, 356 samples of infant fruit juices (48), infant purée (66), juices for children (small package with straw, 100), and juices in family package (142) were collected from the market over three years (2013–15) and analysed using validated method based on liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Patulin was found in 44% of infant juices and 17% of infant purée, with all values below the legal limit of 10 μg/kg (maximum 8.3 and 7.7 μg/kg, respectively). The proportion of contaminated samples among fruit juices for children was 43%, with the highest patulin concentration at 30.2 μg/kg, not exceeding the maximum allowed level of 50 μg/kg. Patulin was found in 51% of juices in family package, with 0.7% of the samples in excess of the legal limit of 50 μg/kg (mean 4.3 μg/kg). Apple juices showed significantly higher percentage of contaminated samples (74% versus 28%), as well as higher mean patulin content (6.4 versus 2.1 μg/kg) when compared with the multifruit ones. Risk assessment of patulin intake by Serbian infants, children, adolescents and adults, conducted by deterministic and probabilistic approaches and including the bioaccessibility results, revealed a ratio between exposure and toxicological reference dose for patulin of 0,4 μg/kg body weigth, called hazard quotients, well below 1, indicating a tolerable exposure level and no health concern. Furthermore, analysis of pesticide residues and toxic metals confirmed safety of apple products on the market. However, identification of multiple pesticide residues is a reason for an active attitude and carefully planned and conducted monitoring of food safety, expecialy in the case of food for infants and young children, as they are the most susceptible population group.
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- 2018
23. Utvrđivanje povezanosti mediteranskog načina ishrane i faktora rizika za nastanak akutnog koronarnog sindroma upotrebom „MedDiet” skora
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Popović, Milka, Petrović, Milovan, Bjelanović-Mirilov, Jelena, Ivanović, Vladimir, Paunović, Katarina, Kvrgić, Svetlana, Bijelović, Sanja, Velicki, Radmila, Popović, Milka, Petrović, Milovan, Bjelanović-Mirilov, Jelena, Ivanović, Vladimir, Paunović, Katarina, Kvrgić, Svetlana, Bijelović, Sanja, and Velicki, Radmila
- Abstract
Uvod: Kardiovaskularne bolesti predstavljaju vodeći uzrok obolevanja i umiranja savremenog čoveka i vodeći su javno-zdravstveni problem u svetu i kod nas. Brojna istraživanja sugerišu da se mediteranski način ishrane povezuje sa smanjenjem rizika za nastanak i razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti i drugih masovnih nezaraznih bolesti kao i smanjenjem stope ukupnog mortaliteta. Cilj istraživanja: Utvrditi stepen pridržavanja mediteranskom načinu ishrane kod obolelih od akutnog koronarnog sindroma i kod osoba sa utvrđenim rizikom za nastanak kardiovaskularnih bolesti, upotrebom validovanog skora mediteranske ishrane – MedDiet skora. Takođe, cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi da li postoji značajna razlika u vrednostima biohemijskih i kliničkih faktora rizika za razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti između dve posmatrane grupe ispitanika, kao i da se odredi granična vrednost MedDiet skora između poželjnog i rizičnog načina ishrane za nastanak akutnog koronarnog sindroma. Metod: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao analitička studija preseka na uzorku od 294 ispitanika (146 žena i 148 muškaraca), starosti od 30 do 82 godine. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u vremenskom periodu od 07.02.2016. godine do 16.03.2017. godine. Prvu grupu činili su ispitanici kod kojih je dijagnostikovan akutni koronarni sindrom, koji su hospitalizovani u Institutu za kardiovaskularne bolesti Vojvodine u Sremskoj Kamenici, dok su drugu grupu činili ispitanici kod kojih je utvrđeno prisustvo najmanje jednog faktora rizika za nastanak kardiovaskularnih bolesti, bez klinički manifestne koronarne bolesti, koji su se javili na pregled u Savetovalište za pravilnu ishranu, Instituta za javno zdravlje Vojvodine u Novom Sadu. Kod svih učesnika u studiji izvršena su: antropometrijska merenja, merenje arterijskog krvnog pritiska, odgovarajuće biohemijske analize, EKG i anketiranje upotrebom posebno pripremljenog upitnika, u čijem sastavu se nalazio i MedDiet skor – validovan skor system za procenu stepena zastupljenosti, Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of a modern society and are major public health problem in our country and also worldwide. Numerous studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduction in the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases, as well as reduction in the overall mortality rate. Aim: To determine the degree of Mediterranean diet complience in subjects with acute coronary syndrome and subjects with an established risk for developing cardiovascular diseases, using validated Mediterranean diet score - MedDiet. Also, the aim of the study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the values of the biochemical and clinical risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases between the two observed groups of subjects, and to determine the cut-off value of the MedDiet score between the favorable and unfavorable dietaty pattern for the development of acute coronary syndrome. Method: The study was conducted as an analytical cross-sectional study with enrollment of 294 subjects (146 women and 148 men), 30 to 82 years of age. The research was conducted during the period from 02/07/2016 until 03/16/2017. The first group of subjects consisted of patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome who were hospitalized at the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina in Sremska Kamenica. The second group was comprised of subjects with established at least one major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases but without clinically manifest coronary artery disease, who came to the medical examination of the Counseling Center for Proper Nutrition, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. Among all participants in the study the following examinations were conducted: anthropometric measurements, arterial blood pressure measurements, appropriate biochemical analysis, ECG and surveys using a specially prepare
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- 2018
24. Impact of climate conditions on hospital admissions for subcategories of cardiovascular diseases
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Bijelović, Sanja, primary, Dragić, Nataša, additional, Bijelović, Milorad, additional, Kovačević, Mila, additional, Jevtić, Marija, additional, and Ninkovic Mrđenovački, Olivera, additional
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- 2017
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25. Faktori koji utiču na postignute vrednosti krvnog pritiska osoba sa dijagnostikovanom arterijskom hipertenzijom na nivou primarne zdravstvene zaštite
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Ivanović, Vladimir, Bijelović, Sanja, Bjelanović, Jelena, Stojšić-Milosavljević, Anastazija, Jevtić, Marija, Paunović, Katarina, Petrović, Milovan, Ninković Mrđenovački, Olivera, Ivanović, Vladimir, Bijelović, Sanja, Bjelanović, Jelena, Stojšić-Milosavljević, Anastazija, Jevtić, Marija, Paunović, Katarina, Petrović, Milovan, and Ninković Mrđenovački, Olivera
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Uvod. Kardiovaskularne bolesti kao deo grupe hroničnih nezaraznih bolesti predstavljale su i predstavljaju vodeći uzrok obolevanja i umiranja u svetu. Brojni naučni dokazi potvrđuju da je arterijska hipertenzija glavni kardiovaskularni faktor rizika, a da postignute vrednosti krvnog pritiska niže od 140/90mmHg značajno smanjuju kardiovaskularni rizik, odnosno pojavu kardiovaskularnih događaja, prvenstveno infarkta miokarda i moždanog udara. Arterijska hipertenzija je najzastupljenije stanje koje se viđa u ustanovama primarne zdravstvene zaštite, a mere prevencije, rano dijagnostikovanje, lečenje i kontrola arterijske hipertenzije predstavljaju javno-zdravstveni izazov u svim zemljama sveta. Ciljevi. Ciljevi istraživanja su utvrđivanje prevalencije arterijske hipertenzije koja je pod kontrolom; utvrđivanje prevalencije i povezanosti metaboličkih faktora sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska; utvrđivanje prevalencije i povezanosti nezdravih stilova života sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska; utvrđivanje prediktora loše kontrole krvnog pritiska i izračunavanje 10-godišenjeg kardivaskularnog rizika. Metode. U studiju preseka (prevalencije) uključeno je 373 ispitanika oba pola starosti od 45 do 75 godina sa dijagnozom arterijske hipertenzije u kartonu koji su u periodu od oktobra 2015. godine do februara 2016. godine dolazili kod svog izabranog lekara. Prikupljanje podataka obavljeno je merenjem krvnog pritiska, antropometrijskim merenjima, biohemijskim analizama i anketiranjem popunjavanjem upitnika. Rezultati. Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 55% žena i 45% muškaraca prosečne starosti 59±6,3 godine. Utvrđena je niska učestalost arterijske hipertenzije pod kontrolom od 39,1%, a visoka učestalost metaboličkih faktora (44,5% predgojaznosti, 34% gojaznosti, 29% šećerne bolesti, 88,2% povišenih masnoća i 41,8% metaboličkog sindroma) kao i njihova povezanost sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska jer su ispitanici sa nekontrolisanim krvnim pritiskom najčešće imali dva faktora ri, Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases, as part of a group of chronic noncommunicable diseases, have been and still are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Numerous scientific proofs confirm that arterial hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor and that the achieved blood pressure values lower than 140/90mmHg significantly reduce cardio-vascular risk, or the appearance of cardio-vascular events, mainly myocardial infarction and stroke. Arterial hypertension is the most common condition that is seen in primary health care institutions and preventive measures, early diagnosis, treatment and control of arterial hypertension are a public health challenge in all countries of the world. Objectives. The objectives of the research were to determine the prevalence of arterial hypertension which is controlled; to determine the prevalence and correlation of the metabolic factors with the outcome in blood pressure control; to determine the prevalence and correlation of unhealthy lifestyles with the outcome in blood pressure control; to determine the predictors of poor blood pressure control and calculate a 10-year cardiovascular risk. Methods. The cross-sectional study (of prevalence) included 373 respondents of both sexes aged 45 to 75 years diagnosed with arterial hypertension who in the period from October 2015 to February 2016 visited their chosen doctor. Data collection was performed by measuring blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, biochemical analyses and surveying by filling out a questionnaire. Results. The sample consisted of 55% women and 45% men, of mean age of 59±6.3 years. The results showed low incidence of arterial hypertension under control of 39.1%, and high incidence of metabolic factors (44.5% of overweight, 34% of obesity, 29% of diabetes mellitus, 88.2% of elevated fat and 41.8% of the metabolic syndrome) as well as their association with the outcome in blood pressure control as the respondents with uncontrolled blo
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- 2017
26. Преваленција симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске
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Petrović, Slobodanka, Zvezdin, Biljana, Živković, Zorica, Bijelović, Sanja, Katanić, Dragan, Домуз, Санела, Petrović, Slobodanka, Zvezdin, Biljana, Živković, Zorica, Bijelović, Sanja, Katanić, Dragan, and Домуз, Санела
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Увод: Астма као хронично оболење представља велики здравствени, социјални и економски проблем широм света Ово оболење једно је од најчешћих хроничних оболења код деце и најчешћи узрок повећаног броја хоспитализација код деце млађе од 15 година. Резултати досадашњих студија говоре у прилог пораста преваленције астме и алергијских болести код деце у последњих десетак година. Епидемиолошка испитивања су значајна за разумевање природе астме, као и откривања могућих фактора за тренд пораста учесталости астме код деце. Разлика у географској дистрибуцији учесталости симптома астме унутар исте земље сугерише да фактори средине, више него можда генетски фактори, утичу на дистрибуцију преваленције симптома астме. У литератури се као најзначајнији фактори средине истичу загађење животне средине и климатски фактора. Доступне студије показују да постоји узрочна повезаност између повећане изложености загађењу животне средине и акутних респираторних симптома. Процењено је да је у Европи током 2000. године дошло до губитка 3,6 милиона година живота услед повећања концентрације респирабилних честица. И новије препоруке Светске здравствене организације одлучно предлажу смањење изложености деце загађујућим материјама. Резултати доступних студија сугеришу да ефекти загрејавања и топлотних таласа, као и ниских темепратура, утичу на морбидитет и учесталост хоспитализација деце са астмом. Циљеви истраживања били су одредити преваленцију симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске, затим одредити утицај загађујућих материја животне средине и климатских фактора на преваленцију симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске. Материјал и методе: Истраживање је проведено у облику студије пресека и обухватало је 3000 деце узраста од 6 до 15 година из 13 основних школа на територији Републике Српске. Преваленција симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година одређивала се путем упитника Интернационалне студије за астму и, Uvod: Astma kao hronično obolenje predstavlja veliki zdravstveni, socijalni i ekonomski problem širom sveta Ovo obolenje jedno je od najčešćih hroničnih obolenja kod dece i najčešći uzrok povećanog broja hospitalizacija kod dece mlađe od 15 godina. Rezultati dosadašnjih studija govore u prilog porasta prevalencije astme i alergijskih bolesti kod dece u poslednjih desetak godina. Epidemiološka ispitivanja su značajna za razumevanje prirode astme, kao i otkrivanja mogućih faktora za trend porasta učestalosti astme kod dece. Razlika u geografskoj distribuciji učestalosti simptoma astme unutar iste zemlje sugeriše da faktori sredine, više nego možda genetski faktori, utiču na distribuciju prevalencije simptoma astme. U literaturi se kao najznačajniji faktori sredine ističu zagađenje životne sredine i klimatski faktora. Dostupne studije pokazuju da postoji uzročna povezanost između povećane izloženosti zagađenju životne sredine i akutnih respiratornih simptoma. Procenjeno je da je u Evropi tokom 2000. godine došlo do gubitka 3,6 miliona godina života usled povećanja koncentracije respirabilnih čestica. I novije preporuke Svetske zdravstvene organizacije odlučno predlažu smanjenje izloženosti dece zagađujućim materijama. Rezultati dostupnih studija sugerišu da efekti zagrejavanja i toplotnih talasa, kao i niskih temepratura, utiču na morbiditet i učestalost hospitalizacija dece sa astmom. Ciljevi istraživanja bili su odrediti prevalenciju simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske, zatim odrediti uticaj zagađujućih materija životne sredine i klimatskih faktora na prevalenciju simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno u obliku studije preseka i obuhvatalo je 3000 dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina iz 13 osnovnih škola na teritoriji Republike Srpske. Prevalencija simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina određivala se putem upitnika Internacionalne, Introduction: Asthma аs a chronic diseases is a major health, social and economic problem worldwide. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and the most common cause of an increased number of hospitalizations in children under the age of 15 years. The results of previous studies show an increase in the prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in children in the last ten years. Epidemiological studies are important for understanding the nature of asthma, as well as for discovering of possible factors for the increasing trend of the prevalence of asthma in children. The difference in the geographical distribution of the prevalence of asthma symptoms within the same country suggests that environmental factors, rather than genetic factors may influence the distribution of the prevalence of asthma symptoms. Air pollution and climatic factors highlight as the most important environmental factors in the literature. Available studies indicate that there is a causal link between increased exposure to air pollution and acute respiratory symptoms. It is estimated that was a loss of 3.6 million years of life due to increased concentrations of respirable particles in Europe during 2000. year. Also, the recent recommendations of the World Health Organization strongly suggest reducing children's exposure to air pollutants. The results of the available studies suggest that the effects of warming and heat waves, as well as low temperatures, influence on the incidence of morbidity and hospitalization in children with asthma. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years on the territory of Republic of Srpska, to determine the impact of air pollutants and climatic factors on the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years on the territory of Republic of Srpska. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the form of cross-sectional study and included 3,000 children aged 6 to 15 y
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- 2016
27. Testing for viral material in water of public bathing areas of the Danube during summer, Vojvodina, Serbia, 2014
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Jovanović Galović, Aleksandra, primary, Bijelović, Sanja, additional, Milošević, Vesna, additional, Hrnjaković Cvjetkovic, Ivana, additional, Popović, Milka, additional, Kovačević, Gordana, additional, Radovanov, Jelena, additional, Dragić, Nataša, additional, and Petrović, Vladimir, additional
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- 2016
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28. Environmental health indicators
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Bijelović, Sanja, Novaković, Budimka, Grujić, Vera, Jelesić, Zora, Jevtić, Marija, Trajković-Pavlović, Ljiljana, and Lozanov-Crvenković, Zagorka
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Health ,Environmental Health ,Health Status ,Indicators ,Water ,Air ,Noise ,Environment ,Environmental Exposure - Abstract
Achieving and maintaining good health and prosperity requires a clear and harmonized environment. Studying the environment to protect human health aims to determine the type of pollutants and to monitor their impact on humans. Pollutants include the chemical, physical and microbiological pollutants. It is believed that the best way of studying the interaction between the population and the environment is the method that allows selection of representative, easily measurable and routinely controlled environmental indicators and health status. The World Health Organization recommends "DPSEEA" (Driving Force, Pressure, State, Exposure, Effect and Action) system. "DPSEEA" describes a closed circuit system of interdependent factors of the environment and human health which can be defined as a cause _ effect model. Application of "DPSEEA" system to assess the influence factors of the environment on human health is defined by studying the air quality of the environment, water and sanitation, noise and health, housing, traffic accidents, chemical accidents, and radiation. The use of complex indicators by "DPSEEA" system in our country so far has been used to assess the environmental situation, but not for systematic assessment of the impact factors of the environment on human health. AIM: Aims of the research are based on determining the type of microbiological, physical and chemical hazards in the environment of Novi Sad, exposure of the population and assess the impact of identified hazards to human health, as well as determining the significance of the application of environmental factors as indicators of impacts on human health. METHODOLOGY: Identifying hazards present in the environment of the City of Novi Sad (air quality, drinking water quality, noise) in 2006 were carried out based on the statutory methodology for sampling, microbiological, physical and chemical analysis and preparation of expert opinions on the hazards present in the environment. There were sampled, analyzed and professionally studied 9936 air samples, 6474 samples of drinking water and 648 individual measurements of daily levels of noise. Determination of population-level exposure to environmental noise survey was conducted by applied poll concerning subjective population experience of noise and subjective assessment of noise impact on human health, based on 1079 valid completed questionnaires. Assessment of exposure to microbial, physical and chemical hazards from the environment and determine the impact of identified hazards from the environment on human health is determined in accordance with the "DPSEEA" methodology by using the 15 indicators. To assess the impact of air, water and noise on human health following indicators have been considered: Air_Exl, Air_El, Air_E2, Air_E3, WatSan_S2,WatSan_S3, WatSan_Exl, WatSan_Ex2, WatSan_Ex3, WatSan_Ex4, WatSan_El,WatSan_E2, WatSan_E3, Noise_El and Noise_E2. The questionnaire of the population of the subjective experience of noise and subjective assessment of noise impact on human health was conducted with the help of specially composed questionnaire, based on national surveys conducted. RESULTS: Out of the 15 indicators of "DPSEEA" system in our research 87 percents is considered accessible, 67 percents quality and 73 percents usable. Monitoring of air quality in the City of Novi Sad in 2006 indicates that average annual concentrations of sulfur dioxide (0.05). Reducing the average population exposure to suspended particles in 10 µg/m3 in the City of NoviSad, reducing the expected total number of deaths from 131 to 115, the expected number of deaths from cardiopulmonary disease (MKB 10:JOO-99 and MKB 1 0:120-25) in people aged above 30 with 42 to 37 and expected number of deaths from respiratory diseases (MKB 1 0:JOO-99) of children under five years from 0.036 to 0.03, statistically significant Cp>0.05). Increase the total suspended particles (TSP) In air of the City of Novi Sad for 10 µg/m causes the Increase rate of total mortality in 0.047 without statistical significance (p=0.29299) and increased rates of mortality from cardiopulmonary disease (MKB 10:JOO-99 and MKB 10:120-25) of people aged above 30 to 0.016, with no statistical significance . The decrease of total suspended particles (TSP) in air of the City of Novi Sad for 10 µg/m3 induced reduction of total mortality rate of 0.051 with no statistical significance (p=0.26355) and the reduction of mortality from cardiopulmonary disease (MKB 10:JOO-99 and MKB 1 0:120-25) of people aged above 30 years to 0.016 with no statistical significance (p=OA04055). By monitoring the presence of microbiological and physical-chemical hazards in treated drinking water from the water plant and water system of central water supply infrastructure and sewerage in the City of Novi Sad in 2006 showed the absence of microbiological and physical-chemical hazards in 94.50 percents (p
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- 2011
29. Činioci životne sredine kao pokazatelji uticaja na zdravlje ljudi
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Novaković, Budimka, Grujić, Vera, Jelesić, Zora, Jevtić, Marija, Trajković-Pavlović, Ljiljana, Lozanov-Crvenković, Zagorka, Bijelović, Sanja, Novaković, Budimka, Grujić, Vera, Jelesić, Zora, Jevtić, Marija, Trajković-Pavlović, Ljiljana, Lozanov-Crvenković, Zagorka, and Bijelović, Sanja
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Achieving and maintaining good health and prosperity requires a clear and harmonized environment. Studying the environment to protect human health aims to determine the type of pollutants and to monitor their impact on humans. Pollutants include the chemical, physical and microbiological pollutants. It is believed that the best way of studying the interaction between the population and the environment is the method that allows selection of representative, easily measurable and routinely controlled environmental indicators and health status. The World Health Organization recommends "DPSEEA" (Driving Force, Pressure, State, Exposure, Effect and Action) system. "DPSEEA" describes a closed circuit system of interdependent factors of the environment and human health which can be defined as a cause _ effect model. Application of "DPSEEA" system to assess the influence factors of the environment on human health is defined by studying the air quality of the environment, water and sanitation, noise and health, housing, traffic accidents, chemical accidents, and radiation. The use of complex indicators by "DPSEEA" system in our country so far has been used to assess the environmental situation, but not for systematic assessment of the impact factors of the environment on human health. AIM: Aims of the research are based on determining the type of microbiological, physical and chemical hazards in the environment of Novi Sad, exposure of the population and assess the impact of identified hazards to human health, as well as determining the significance of the application of environmental factors as indicators of impacts on human health. METHODOLOGY: Identifying hazards present in the environment of the City of Novi Sad (air quality, drinking water quality, noise) in 2006 were carried out based on the statutory methodology for sampling, microbiological, physical and chemical analysis and preparation of expert opinions on the hazards present in the environment. There were sampled
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- 2011
30. Oral health, use of dental services and the need for dental health care for women in Vojvodina
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Petrović, Bojan, Jevtić, Marija, Blažić, Larisa, Vujkov, Sanja, Perić, Tamara, Bijelović, Sanja, and Blagojević, Duška
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орално здравље ,стоматолошка здравствена заштита ,жене ,самопроцена ,јавно здравље ,демографија ,дентална анксиозност ,квалитет живота ,анкете и упитници ,oralno zdravlje ,stomatološka zdravstvena zaštita ,žene ,samoprocena ,javno zdravlje ,demografija ,dentalna anksioznost ,kvalitet života ,ankete i upitnici ,Oral Health ,Dental Care ,Women ,Self-Assessment ,Public Health ,Demography ,Dental Anxiety ,Quality of Life ,Surveys and Questionnaires - Abstract
Орална обољења су широко распрострањена, са преваленцијом међу одраслом популацијом преко 90%, имају доступне методе успешне и ефикасне превенције и контроле и стварају озбиљне последице како за појединца тако и за заједницу, као и економске издатке, чиме испуњавају све критеријуме болести од изузетног јавноздравственог значаја. Пол има веома важну улогу у оралном здрављу. Иако одрасле жене показују израженије превентивно понашање у оралном здрављу од мушкараца, њихова дентиција чешће није комплетна. Стоматолози су у посебно добром положају да примене специфичну превенцију и профилаксу у односу на пол и старосну доб због редовности са којом се препоручују посете стоматологу. Циљ истраживања је био да се испита стање оралног здравља жена у Војводини и коришћење стоматолошке здравствене заштите у односу на демографске и социјално-економске детерминанте и денталну анксиозност и да се процени утицај оралног здравља на квалитет живота жена. Истраживање је спроведено у виду епидемиолошке студије пресека. Обухваћено је 1.900 жена са територије Војводине старости 16 и више година. Поред упитника о општем и стоматолошком здравственом стању коришћени су Упитник о утицају оралног здравља на квалитет живота - OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) и Упитник за процену денталне анксиозности - DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale). За утврђивање стања оралног здравља, клинички преглед и процену потребног стоматолошког третмана користио се Модификовани картон Светске здравствене организације. Резултати истраживања су показали да је бољи дентални и периодонтални статус жена био у негативној корелацији са годинама старости (t=24,242; p=0,000) и позитивној корелацији са образовањем (2 test; 2=70,919; p=0,000), материјалним стањем (2 test; 2=67,716; p=0,000) и радним статусом (2 test; 2=30,630; p=0,000), при чему су најзначајнији предиктори доброг оралног здравља жена високи ниво образовања и материјалног стања, запосленост, постојање партнера и социјалне подршке. Жене у Војводини су у недовољном броју посећивале стоматолога, а обухват жена редовним стоматолошким прегледима је био мањи од 20%. Статистички је био значајно већи проценат пацијенткиња са добрим оралним здрављем чија је последња посета стоматологу била пре мање од 12 месеци (2 test; 2=4,836; p=0,028). Висока дентална анксиозност је била негативно повезана са оралним здрављем (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Постојала је позитивна повезаност између оралног здравља и квалитета живота жена (Mann-Whitney test; U=25055,500; p=0,000). Између OHIP-14 скора и денталне анксиозности постојала је статистички значајна негативна корелација (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Резултати истраживања су потврдили јавноздравствени значај оралних обољења жена и обезбедили податке који могу послужити као основа за истраживања у будућности и креирање програма за превенцију оралних обољења и унапређење оралног здравља жена. Oralna oboljenja su široko rasprostranjena, sa prevalencijom među odraslom populacijom preko 90%, imaju dostupne metode uspešne i efikasne prevencije i kontrole i stvaraju ozbiljne posledice kako za pojedinca tako i za zajednicu, kao i ekonomske izdatke, čime ispunjavaju sve kriterijume bolesti od izuzetnog javnozdravstvenog značaja. Pol ima veoma važnu ulogu u oralnom zdravlju. Iako odrasle žene pokazuju izraženije preventivno ponašanje u oralnom zdravlju od muškaraca, njihova denticija češće nije kompletna. Stomatolozi su u posebno dobrom položaju da primene specifičnu prevenciju i profilaksu u odnosu na pol i starosnu dob zbog redovnosti sa kojom se preporučuju posete stomatologu. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita stanje oralnog zdravlja žena u Vojvodini i korišćenje stomatološke zdravstvene zaštite u odnosu na demografske i socijalno-ekonomske determinante i dentalnu anksioznost i da se proceni uticaj oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života žena. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u vidu epidemiološke studije preseka. Obuhvaćeno je 1.900 žena sa teritorije Vojvodine starosti 16 i više godina. Pored upitnika o opštem i stomatološkom zdravstvenom stanju korišćeni su Upitnik o uticaju oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života - OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) i Upitnik za procenu dentalne anksioznosti - DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale). Za utvrđivanje stanja oralnog zdravlja, klinički pregled i procenu potrebnog stomatološkog tretmana koristio se Modifikovani karton Svetske zdravstvene organizacije. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je bolji dentalni i periodontalni status žena bio u negativnoj korelaciji sa godinama starosti (t=24,242; p=0,000) i pozitivnoj korelaciji sa obrazovanjem (2 test; 2=70,919; p=0,000), materijalnim stanjem (2 test; 2=67,716; p=0,000) i radnim statusom (2 test; 2=30,630; p=0,000), pri čemu su najznačajniji prediktori dobrog oralnog zdravlja žena visoki nivo obrazovanja i materijalnog stanja, zaposlenost, postojanje partnera i socijalne podrške. Žene u Vojvodini su u nedovoljnom broju posećivale stomatologa, a obuhvat žena redovnim stomatološkim pregledima je bio manji od 20%. Statistički je bio značajno veći procenat pacijentkinja sa dobrim oralnim zdravljem čija je poslednja poseta stomatologu bila pre manje od 12 meseci (2 test; 2=4,836; p=0,028). Visoka dentalna anksioznost je bila negativno povezana sa oralnim zdravljem (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Postojala je pozitivna povezanost između oralnog zdravlja i kvaliteta života žena (Mann-Whitney test; U=25055,500; p=0,000). Između OHIP-14 skora i dentalne anksioznosti postojala je statistički značajna negativna korelacija (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Rezultati istraživanja su potvrdili javnozdravstveni značaj oralnih oboljenja žena i obezbedili podatke koji mogu poslužiti kao osnova za istraživanja u budućnosti i kreiranje programa za prevenciju oralnih oboljenja i unapređenje oralnog zdravlja žena. Oral diseases are widespread, with an adult prevalence of over 90%, have available methods of successful and effective prevention and control and create serious consequences for both the individual and the community, as well as economic expenditures, thus meeting all disease criteria of public health importance. Gender plays a very important role in oral health. Although adult women show more pronounced preventive behavior in oral health than men, their dentition is often incomplete. Dentists are in a particularly good position to apply specific prevention and prophylaxis in relation to gender and age due to the regularity with which visits to the dentist are recommended. The aim of the study was to examine the state of women's oral health in Vojvodina and the use of dental health care in relation to demographic and socio-economic determinants and dental anxiety and to assess the impact of oral health on women's quality of life. The research was conducted in the form of an epidemiological cross-sectional study. 1,900 women from the territory of Vojvodina aged 16 and over were included. In addition to the questionnaire on general and dental health status, the Questionnaire on the impact of oral health on quality of life - OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) and the Questionnaire for the assessment of dental anxiety - DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale) were used. The Modified Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults of the World Health Organization was used to determine the state of oral health, clinical examination and assessment of the necessary dental treatment. The results of the research showed that the better dental and periodontal status of women was negatively correlated with age (t = 24,242; p = 0,000) and positively correlated with education (2 test; 2=70,919; p=0,000), material condition (2 test; 2=67,716; p=0,000) and employment status (2 test; 2=30,630; p=0,000), with the most important predictors of good oral health of women being a high level of education and financial status, employment, existence of partners and social support. Insufficient number of women in Vojvodina visited dentists, and the coverage of women with regular dental examinations was less than 20%. Statistically, there was a significantly higher percentage of patients whose last visit to the dentist was less than 12 months ago with good oral health (2 test; 2=4,836; p=0,028). High dental anxiety was negatively associated with oral health (Pearson correlation; r=-0,508; p=0,000). There was a positive association between oral health and quality of life in women (Mann-Whitney test; U=25055,500; p=0,000). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the OHIP-14 score and dental anxiety (Pearson correlation; r=-0,508; p=0,000). The results of the research confirmed the public health importance of women's oral diseases and provided data that can serve as a basis for future research and the creation of programs for the prevention of oral diseases and the improvement of women's oral health.
- Published
- 2023
31. Oralno zdravlje, korišćenje stomatoloških usluga i potrebe za stomatološkom zdravstvenom zaštitom žena u Vojvodini
- Author
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Pantelinac, Jelena, Petrović, Bojan, Jevtić, Marija, Blažić, Larisa, Vujkov, Sanja, Perić, Tamara, Bijelović, Sanja, and Blagojević, Duška
- Subjects
орално здравље ,стоматолошка здравствена заштита ,жене ,самопроцена ,јавно здравље ,демографија ,дентална анксиозност ,квалитет живота ,анкете и упитници ,oralno zdravlje ,stomatološka zdravstvena zaštita ,žene ,samoprocena ,javno zdravlje ,demografija ,dentalna anksioznost ,kvalitet života ,ankete i upitnici ,Oral Health ,Dental Care ,Women ,Self-Assessment ,Public Health ,Demography ,Dental Anxiety ,Quality of Life ,Surveys and Questionnaires - Abstract
Орална обољења су широко распрострањена, са преваленцијом међу одраслом популацијом преко 90%, имају доступне методе успешне и ефикасне превенције и контроле и стварају озбиљне последице како за појединца тако и за заједницу, као и економске издатке, чиме испуњавају све критеријуме болести од изузетног јавноздравственог значаја. Пол има веома важну улогу у оралном здрављу. Иако одрасле жене показују израженије превентивно понашање у оралном здрављу од мушкараца, њихова дентиција чешће није комплетна. Стоматолози су у посебно добром положају да примене специфичну превенцију и профилаксу у односу на пол и старосну доб због редовности са којом се препоручују посете стоматологу. Циљ истраживања је био да се испита стање оралног здравља жена у Војводини и коришћење стоматолошке здравствене заштите у односу на демографске и социјално-економске детерминанте и денталну анксиозност и да се процени утицај оралног здравља на квалитет живота жена. Истраживање је спроведено у виду епидемиолошке студије пресека. Обухваћено је 1.900 жена са територије Војводине старости 16 и више година. Поред упитника о општем и стоматолошком здравственом стању коришћени су Упитник о утицају оралног здравља на квалитет живота - OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) и Упитник за процену денталне анксиозности - DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale). За утврђивање стања оралног здравља, клинички преглед и процену потребног стоматолошког третмана користио се Модификовани картон Светске здравствене организације. Резултати истраживања су показали да је бољи дентални и периодонтални статус жена био у негативној корелацији са годинама старости (t=24,242; p=0,000) и позитивној корелацији са образовањем (2 test; 2=70,919; p=0,000), материјалним стањем (2 test; 2=67,716; p=0,000) и радним статусом (2 test; 2=30,630; p=0,000), при чему су најзначајнији предиктори доброг оралног здравља жена високи ниво образовања и материјалног стања, запосленост, постојање партнера и социјалне подршке. Жене у Војводини су у недовољном броју посећивале стоматолога, а обухват жена редовним стоматолошким прегледима је био мањи од 20%. Статистички је био значајно већи проценат пацијенткиња са добрим оралним здрављем чија је последња посета стоматологу била пре мање од 12 месеци (2 test; 2=4,836; p=0,028). Висока дентална анксиозност је била негативно повезана са оралним здрављем (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Постојала је позитивна повезаност између оралног здравља и квалитета живота жена (Mann-Whitney test; U=25055,500; p=0,000). Између OHIP-14 скора и денталне анксиозности постојала је статистички значајна негативна корелација (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Резултати истраживања су потврдили јавноздравствени значај оралних обољења жена и обезбедили податке који могу послужити као основа за истраживања у будућности и креирање програма за превенцију оралних обољења и унапређење оралног здравља жена., Oralna oboljenja su široko rasprostranjena, sa prevalencijom među odraslom populacijom preko 90%, imaju dostupne metode uspešne i efikasne prevencije i kontrole i stvaraju ozbiljne posledice kako za pojedinca tako i za zajednicu, kao i ekonomske izdatke, čime ispunjavaju sve kriterijume bolesti od izuzetnog javnozdravstvenog značaja. Pol ima veoma važnu ulogu u oralnom zdravlju. Iako odrasle žene pokazuju izraženije preventivno ponašanje u oralnom zdravlju od muškaraca, njihova denticija češće nije kompletna. Stomatolozi su u posebno dobrom položaju da primene specifičnu prevenciju i profilaksu u odnosu na pol i starosnu dob zbog redovnosti sa kojom se preporučuju posete stomatologu. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita stanje oralnog zdravlja žena u Vojvodini i korišćenje stomatološke zdravstvene zaštite u odnosu na demografske i socijalno-ekonomske determinante i dentalnu anksioznost i da se proceni uticaj oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života žena. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u vidu epidemiološke studije preseka. Obuhvaćeno je 1.900 žena sa teritorije Vojvodine starosti 16 i više godina. Pored upitnika o opštem i stomatološkom zdravstvenom stanju korišćeni su Upitnik o uticaju oralnog zdravlja na kvalitet života - OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) i Upitnik za procenu dentalne anksioznosti - DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale). Za utvrđivanje stanja oralnog zdravlja, klinički pregled i procenu potrebnog stomatološkog tretmana koristio se Modifikovani karton Svetske zdravstvene organizacije. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da je bolji dentalni i periodontalni status žena bio u negativnoj korelaciji sa godinama starosti (t=24,242; p=0,000) i pozitivnoj korelaciji sa obrazovanjem (2 test; 2=70,919; p=0,000), materijalnim stanjem (2 test; 2=67,716; p=0,000) i radnim statusom (2 test; 2=30,630; p=0,000), pri čemu su najznačajniji prediktori dobrog oralnog zdravlja žena visoki nivo obrazovanja i materijalnog stanja, zaposlenost, postojanje partnera i socijalne podrške. Žene u Vojvodini su u nedovoljnom broju posećivale stomatologa, a obuhvat žena redovnim stomatološkim pregledima je bio manji od 20%. Statistički je bio značajno veći procenat pacijentkinja sa dobrim oralnim zdravljem čija je poslednja poseta stomatologu bila pre manje od 12 meseci (2 test; 2=4,836; p=0,028). Visoka dentalna anksioznost je bila negativno povezana sa oralnim zdravljem (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Postojala je pozitivna povezanost između oralnog zdravlja i kvaliteta života žena (Mann-Whitney test; U=25055,500; p=0,000). Između OHIP-14 skora i dentalne anksioznosti postojala je statistički značajna negativna korelacija (Pearsonova korelacija; r=-0,508; p=0,000). Rezultati istraživanja su potvrdili javnozdravstveni značaj oralnih oboljenja žena i obezbedili podatke koji mogu poslužiti kao osnova za istraživanja u budućnosti i kreiranje programa za prevenciju oralnih oboljenja i unapređenje oralnog zdravlja žena., Oral diseases are widespread, with an adult prevalence of over 90%, have available methods of successful and effective prevention and control and create serious consequences for both the individual and the community, as well as economic expenditures, thus meeting all disease criteria of public health importance. Gender plays a very important role in oral health. Although adult women show more pronounced preventive behavior in oral health than men, their dentition is often incomplete. Dentists are in a particularly good position to apply specific prevention and prophylaxis in relation to gender and age due to the regularity with which visits to the dentist are recommended. The aim of the study was to examine the state of women's oral health in Vojvodina and the use of dental health care in relation to demographic and socio-economic determinants and dental anxiety and to assess the impact of oral health on women's quality of life. The research was conducted in the form of an epidemiological cross-sectional study. 1,900 women from the territory of Vojvodina aged 16 and over were included. In addition to the questionnaire on general and dental health status, the Questionnaire on the impact of oral health on quality of life - OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) and the Questionnaire for the assessment of dental anxiety - DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale) were used. The Modified Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults of the World Health Organization was used to determine the state of oral health, clinical examination and assessment of the necessary dental treatment. The results of the research showed that the better dental and periodontal status of women was negatively correlated with age (t = 24,242; p = 0,000) and positively correlated with education (2 test; 2=70,919; p=0,000), material condition (2 test; 2=67,716; p=0,000) and employment status (2 test; 2=30,630; p=0,000), with the most important predictors of good oral health of women being a high level of education and financial status, employment, existence of partners and social support. Insufficient number of women in Vojvodina visited dentists, and the coverage of women with regular dental examinations was less than 20%. Statistically, there was a significantly higher percentage of patients whose last visit to the dentist was less than 12 months ago with good oral health (2 test; 2=4,836; p=0,028). High dental anxiety was negatively associated with oral health (Pearson correlation; r=-0,508; p=0,000). There was a positive association between oral health and quality of life in women (Mann-Whitney test; U=25055,500; p=0,000). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the OHIP-14 score and dental anxiety (Pearson correlation; r=-0,508; p=0,000). The results of the research confirmed the public health importance of women's oral diseases and provided data that can serve as a basis for future research and the creation of programs for the prevention of oral diseases and the improvement of women's oral health.
- Published
- 2023
32. Povezanost bihejvioralnih i psiholoških faktora i uticaj na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života pacijenata sa dijabetesom tipa 2
- Author
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Jevtić, Marija, Mitrović, Milena, Tomić-Naglić, Dragana, Bijelović, Sanja, Ičin, Tijana, Bajkin, Ivana, and Lukić, Ljiljana
- Subjects
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Public Health ,Self-management ,Healthy Lifestyle ,Medication Adherence ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Self Concept ,Motivation ,Depression ,Psychological distress ,Blood Glucose + metabolism ,Quality of Life ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Dijabetes melitus tip 2 ,javno zdravlje ,samostalno upravljanje bolešću ,zdrav stil života ,medikamentna adherentnost ,psihološka adaptacija ,slika o sebi ,motivacija ,depresija ,psihološki distres ,glukoza u krvi+metabolizam ,kvalitet života ,ankete i upitnici - Abstract
Globalno, broj oobolelih od dijabetesa tipa 2 (T2DM) čini 95% ukupnog broja obolelih od dijabetesa. Prema podacima Međunarodne federacije za dijabetes realan broj obolelih je daleko veći od broja registrovanih, jer u 30-80% slučajeva osobe sa T2DM nemaju postavljenu dijagnozu i ne znaju za svoju bolest. Smatra se da je T2DM jedna od najzahtevnijih hroničnih bolesti, fizički i emocionalno, i da je život sa dijabetesom izazov za većinu obolelih. Uprkos tome što se samostalno upravljanje dijabetesom, u kome osoba samostalno donosi 90-95% odluka o svojoj bolesti smatra podjednako važnim kao tretman lekara, njegovi bihejvioralni zahtevi (režimi ishrane, upravljanje telesnom masom, fizička aktivnost i medikamentna adherentnost) mogu, u određenim periodima života, postati preteški i dovesti do ispoljavanja depresije i distresa povezanog sa dijabetesom, psiholoških reakcija odnosno stanja u kojima osoba sa dijabetesom smatra da su resursi kojima raspolaže nedovoljni za upravljanje pretnjom koju bolest predstavlja. Psihosocijalne karakteristike osoba sa T2DM (kognitivna percepcija bolesti, strategije suočavanja, samopouzdanje i motivacija) posreduju u odnosu bihejvioralnih determinanti samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom i navedenih psiholoških stanja. Kako je metabolička kontrola cilj samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom, depresija i distres povezan sa dijabetesom mogu neposredno, ali i posredno, rezultovati lošijom metaboličkom kontrolom i napredovanjem komplikacija sa negativnim uticajem na kvalitet života, pri čemu pad kvaliteta života dovodi do nastanka ili pogoršanja postojeće depresije i distresa povezanog sa dijabetesom. Cilj: ispitati povezanost bihejvioralnih determinanti upravljanja dijabetesom, posredujućih psihosocijalnih karakteristika i psiholoških stanja (depresija i distres povezan sa dijabetesom) i njihov prediktivni uticaj na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života osoba sa T2DM. Metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao deskriptivno-analitička studija preseka na uzorku od 324 ispitanika sa dijagnozom T2DM postavljenom u skladu sa kriterijumima Američke dijabetološke asocijacije (ADA), kontrolisanih i lečenih u Dispanzeru za dijabetes Doma zdravlja u Zaječaru. Ispitanici su određeni metodom slučajnog uzorka čime je smanjena pristrasnost izbora i obezbeđena statistički pouzdana procena velikog broja studijskih varijabli. Iz medicinske dokumentacije ispitanika, koju su donosili na predhodno zakazane preglede, preuzimani su i razmatrani, u skladu sa ADA kriterijumima za dobru metaboličku kontrolu, sledeći laboratorijski parametri: glikozilirani hemoglobin (HbA1c), trigliceridi u serumu, lipoproteini male gustine (LDL-C) i lipoproteini velike gustine (HDL-C). Ispitanicima je meren krvni pritisak u dva vremena i računata je srednja vrednost. Obavljena su antrpometrijska merenja (telesna masa i telesna visina), računat je Indeks telesne mase i tumačen u skladu sa ADA smernicama. Kao instrument istraživanja korišćen je set upitnika koga su sačinjavali: Opšti upitnik ( kreiran za potrebe ovog istraživanja), Upitnik o stavovima prema medikamentnoj adherentnosti, Upitnik o percepciji adherentnosti prema dijetetskim preporukama, subskale Ličnog upitnika o dijabetesu (procena fizičke aktivnosti i motivisanosti za promene u samostalnom upravljanju dijabetesom), Skala samopouzdanja u dijabetesu, Upitnik za procenu simptoma depresije (PHQ-9), Skala distresa u dijabetesu i Kratak klinički upitnik o kvalitetu živpta sa dijabetesom. Statistička obrada podataka je izvršena korišćenjem statističkog programa IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. Podaci su predstavljeni tabelarno i grafički. Statistička značajnost određivana je na nivou 95% (p < 0,05). Rezultati: Simptome depresije imalo je 60,8% ispitanika u uzorku (10,2% simptome teške depresije), dok je klinički značajan distres imalo 35,2% ispitanika. Kao značajni prediktori simptoma depresije izdvojili su se ženski pol, prisustvo komplikacija dijabetesa i neadekvatne strategije suočavanja sa problemima, dok su se kao prediktori distresa povezanog sa dijabetesom izdvojili nisko samopouzdanje i neadekvatne strategije suočavanja sa problemima. U studijskom uzorku je negativne stavove prema medikamentnoj adherentnosti imalo 47,8% ispitanika, svoje poštovanje dijetetskih preporuka nezadovoljavajućim je ocenilo njih 65,1%, dok je 55,9% ispitanika imalo nezadovoljavajući nivo fizičke aktivnosti. Kao prediktori negativnih stavova prema medikamentnoj adherentnosti izdvojili su se: loša kontrola glikemije, insulinska terapija koju su ispitanici doživljavali kao opterećenje, nezadovoljavajuća fizička aktivnost, nepoštovanje dijetetskih preporuka i neadekvatne strategije suočavanja sa problemima. Prediktivnu vrednost u odnosu na neadherentnost prema dijetetskim preporukama iskazali su: gojaznost, nisko samopouzdanje i nemotivisanost za pštovanje dijetetskih preporuka, dok su se kao prediktori nezadovoljavajućeg nivoa fizičke aktivnosti izdvojili: prisustvo komplikacija, nemotivisanost za kontrolu telesne mase i nizak nivo samopouzdanja. Klinički značajan distres povezan sa dijabetesom bio je značajniji prediktor svih bihejvioralnih determinanti upravljanja dijabetesom u odnosu na simptome depresije. Bihejvioralne determinante samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom bile su statistički značajno negativno povezane sa svakim od parametara metaboličke kontrole pojedinačno. Distres povezan sa dijabetesom bio je statistički značajno pozitivno povezan sa vrednostima HbA1c i krvnog pritiska, dok su ispitanici sa simptomima depresije imali lošiju kontrolu glikemije i lipidni status van referentnog opsega vrednosti. Lošu metaboličku kontrolu, neispunjena sva tri cilja po ADA kriterijumima, imalo je 78,4% ispitanika. Kao prediktori loše metaboličke kontrole izdvojili su se: gojaznost, insulinska terapija koju ispitanici doživljavaju kao opterećenje, nepoštovanje dijetetskih preporuka i nezadovoljavajuća fizička aktivnost. Nezadovoljavajući kvalitet života iskazalo je 62% ispitanika u uzorku. Kao prediktori nezadovoljavajućeg kvaliteta života izdvojili su se: prisustvo komplikacija, nisko samopouzdanje, ne pridržavanje dijetetskih preporuka, nezadovoljavajuća fizička aktivnost, simptomi depresije i klinički značajan distres povezan sa dijabetesom. Zaključak: Sinteza podataka i informacija dobijenih istraživanjem može biti presudna u sprovođenju javno zdravstvenih programa usmerenih na osobe sa T2DM. Studijski rezultati ukazuju da dostupni terapijski modaliteti imaju manju verovatnoću postizanja dobre metaboličke kontrole kod osoba koje imaju problema u pridržavanju bihejvioralnih determinanti samostalnog upravljanja svojom bolešću. Većina determinanti samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom, režimi ishrane, upravljanje telesnom masom i fizičkom aktivnošću, često su van dosega i uticaja lekara koji se bave medicinskim tretmanom osoba sa T2DM i verovatno bi bile mnogo podložnije javno zdravstvenim intervencijama. Uzimanje u obzir podataka o brojnim faktorima od uticaja na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života osoba sa T2DM, dobijenih kao rezultat ovog i sličnih istraživanja, može predstavljati osnovu za uključivanje pojedinaca u strukturisane javno zdravstvene programe o zdravim stilovima života. U svakom slučaju, multidisciplinarni pristup mora biti prioritet u budućim intervencijama sa ciljem poboljšanja ishoda tretmana osoba sa T2DM. Na taj način bi se stvorila mogućnost sinergije strukturisanog stila života i farmakoterapijskih intervencija u skladu sa ADA preporukama o individualizovanom i sveobuhvatnom pristupu osobama sa T2DM. Uvođenjem u rutinski rad sa osobama obolelim od T2DM upitnika primenjenih u ovom istraživanju, kao i kratkih kliničkih intervjua za procenu psihosocijalnih svojstava, omogućilo bi lekarima mnogo individualizovaniji i sveobuhvatniji pristup osobama sa T2DM. Ovo proizilazi iz rezultata studije koji ukazuju na povezanost i uticaje faktora ličnosti (psihosocijalnih i afektivnih svojstava) na bihejvioralne determinante samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom a samim tim posredno, a i neposredno, na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života osoba sa T2DM. Globally, the number of persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) makes up 95% of the total number of diseased. According to the data of the International Diabetes Federation, the real number of diseased is far higher than the number of registered ones, because in 30-80% of cases, persons with T2DM they have no diagnosis and do not know about their disease. T2DM is considered to be one of the most demanding chronic diseases, both physically and emotionally, and living with diabetes is a challenge for majority of diseased. Despite the fact that self-management of diabetes is considered as equally important as a treatment by a doctor and ensures that a person makes 90-95% of decision about his disease independently, high behavioral requirements (regimens of nutrition, body weight management, physical activity and medication adherence) may, at certain periods of a life, become too hard and lead to symptoms of depression and diabetes related distress, a psychological reaction to the threat of diabetes, or a conditions in which a person with diabetes thinks that the resources at their disposal, are insufficient to manage the threat posed by the disease. Psychosocial characteristics of persons with T2DM (cognitive perception of the disease, coping strategies, self-confidence and motivation) mediate the relationship between behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management and these psychological states. As metabolic control is goal of self-management of diabetes, symptoms of depression and diabetes-related distress can directly, but also indirectly, result in poorer metabolic control and progression of complications with a negative impact on quality of life, whereby a decline in quality of life leads to the onset or worsening existing depression and diabetes-related distress. Goal: to examine the relationship between behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management, mediating psychosocial characteristics and psychological states (depression and diabetes-related distress) and their predictive impact on metabolic control and quality of life of persons with T2DM. Methods: The study was conducted as a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study that included 324 subjects diagnosed with T2DM, set in accordance with the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, controlled and treated at the Diabetes Dispensary of the Health Center in Zajecar. Respondents were determined by a random sampling method. This reduced selection bias and provided a statistically reliable estimate of the large number of variables included in the study. The following laboratory parameters were taken from medical documentation of subjects who came for control examination and considered in relation to ADA criteria for good metabolic control: glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) and High-density lipoproteins (HDL-C). The subjects’ blood pressure was measured at two times and the mean value was calculated. Anthropometric measurements (body mass and body height) were performed, body mass index were calculated and interpreted in accordance with ADA guidelines Sets of questionnaires were used as research instruments, which contained the following elements: General questionnaire (made for the needs of this research), Questionnaire on Attitudes towards Medication Adherence, Questionnaire on Perception of Adherence to Dietary Recommendations, subscales of the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (assessment of physical activity and motivation for changes in self-management of diabetes), Diabetes Self-Confidence Scale, Depression Symptom Assessment Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Diabetes Distress Scale and Short Clinical Questionnaire on Quality of Life with Diabetes. Statistical data processing was performed using the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. The data are presented in tables and graphs. Statistical significance was determined at the level of 95% (p < 0.05). Results: Symptoms of depression were present in 60,8% of respondents in the sample (10.2% had symptoms of severe depression), while 35.2% of respondents had clinically significant diabetes-related distress. Predictive values in relation to depressive symptoms was shown by female gender, the presence of diabetes complications, and inadequate coping strategies, while low self-confidence and inadequate coping strategies were predictors of diabetes-related distress. In the study sample 47.8% of respondents had negative attitudes toward medication adherence, 65.1% of them rated their compliance with dietary recommendations as unsatisfactory, while 55.9% of respondents rated their physical activity as unsatisfactory. Predictive value in relation to attitudes towards medication adherence was shown by: poor glycemic control, insulin therapy that respondents perceived as a burden, unsatisfactory physical activity, non-adherence toward dietary recommendations and inadequate coping strategies. Predictive value in relation to unsatisfactory compliance with dietary recommendations was shown by: obesity, low self-confidence and lack of motivation to compliance dietary recommendations, while predictive value in relation to unsatisfactory level of physical activity was shown by: presence of complications, lack of motivation to control body mass and low self-confidence. Clinically significant diabetes-related distress was a more significant predictor of all behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management, relative do depressive symptoms. Behavioral determinants of self management of diabetes are statistically negatively associated with each of the parameters of metabolic conrtol individually. Diabetes-related distress is statistically significantly positively associated with HbA1c and blood pressure values, while respondents with symptoms of depression have poorer glycemic control and lipid status outside the reference values. Poor metabolic control, unfulfilled all three goals of metabolic control (glycemic control, lipid status and blood pressure) according to ADA criteria, have 78.4% of respondents. Predictive value in relation to poor metabolic control was shown by: obesity, insulin therapy which respondents perceive as a burden, non adherence toward dietary recommendations and unsatisfactory physical activity. Unsatisfactory quality of life is expressed by 62.0% of respondents. Predictive value in relation to unsatisfactory quality of life was shown by: the presence of complications, low self-confidence, non-adherence toward dietary recommendations, unsatisfactory physical activity, symptoms of depression and clinically significant diabetes-related distress. Conclusion: The synthesis of data and information obtained by this research can be crucial in the implementation of public health programs aimed at persons with T2DM. The results obtained by this study indicate that the available therapeutic modalities are less likely to be effective in persons who have difficulty adhering to the behavioral determinants of self-management of their disease. Most determinants of diabetes self-management (adequate dietary regimes, body mass control and physical activity) are often beyond the reach and influence of physicians treating persons with T2DM and are likely to be much more susceptible to public health interventions. Taking into account data on a number factors influencing the metabolic control and quality of life of persons with T2DM, obtained as a results of this and similar research, can be the basis for involving individuals in structured public health programs on healthy lifestyles. In any case, multidisciplinary approach must be a priority in future interventions aimed at improving the treatment outcomes of persons with T2DM. This would create the possibility of synergy of structured lifestyle and pharmacotherapeutic interventions in accordance with ADA recommendations about individualized and comprehensive approach to persons with T2DM. By introducing in routine work with T2DM patients questionnaires applied in this research as well as short clinical interviews on how they experience their disease and how to deal with the problems associated with it, would allow physicians a much more individualized and comprehensive approach to their patients. This follows from the results of this study which indicate the connection and influences of the patient’s personality (psychosocial and affective properties) on the behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management, and thus indirectly and directly on the metabolic control and quality of life of persons with T2DM.
- Published
- 2022
33. Relationship between behavioral and psychological factors and the impact on metabolic control and quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes
- Author
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Stanojević, Vojislav, Jevtić, Marija, Mitrović, Milena, Tomić-Naglić, Dragana, Bijelović, Sanja, Ičin, Tijana, Bajkin, Ivana, and Lukić, Ljiljana
- Subjects
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Public Health ,Self-management ,Healthy Lifestyle ,Medication Adherence ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Self Concept ,Motivation ,Depression ,Psychological distress ,Blood Glucose + metabolism ,Quality of Life ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Dijabetes melitus tip 2 ,javno zdravlje ,samostalno upravljanje bolešću ,zdrav stil života ,medikamentna adherentnost ,psihološka adaptacija ,slika o sebi ,motivacija ,depresija ,psihološki distres ,glukoza u krvi+metabolizam ,kvalitet života ,ankete i upitnici - Abstract
Globalno, broj oobolelih od dijabetesa tipa 2 (T2DM) čini 95% ukupnog broja obolelih od dijabetesa. Prema podacima Međunarodne federacije za dijabetes realan broj obolelih je daleko veći od broja registrovanih, jer u 30-80% slučajeva osobe sa T2DM nemaju postavljenu dijagnozu i ne znaju za svoju bolest. Smatra se da je T2DM jedna od najzahtevnijih hroničnih bolesti, fizički i emocionalno, i da je život sa dijabetesom izazov za većinu obolelih. Uprkos tome što se samostalno upravljanje dijabetesom, u kome osoba samostalno donosi 90-95% odluka o svojoj bolesti smatra podjednako važnim kao tretman lekara, njegovi bihejvioralni zahtevi (režimi ishrane, upravljanje telesnom masom, fizička aktivnost i medikamentna adherentnost) mogu, u određenim periodima života, postati preteški i dovesti do ispoljavanja depresije i distresa povezanog sa dijabetesom, psiholoških reakcija odnosno stanja u kojima osoba sa dijabetesom smatra da su resursi kojima raspolaže nedovoljni za upravljanje pretnjom koju bolest predstavlja. Psihosocijalne karakteristike osoba sa T2DM (kognitivna percepcija bolesti, strategije suočavanja, samopouzdanje i motivacija) posreduju u odnosu bihejvioralnih determinanti samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom i navedenih psiholoških stanja. Kako je metabolička kontrola cilj samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom, depresija i distres povezan sa dijabetesom mogu neposredno, ali i posredno, rezultovati lošijom metaboličkom kontrolom i napredovanjem komplikacija sa negativnim uticajem na kvalitet života, pri čemu pad kvaliteta života dovodi do nastanka ili pogoršanja postojeće depresije i distresa povezanog sa dijabetesom. Cilj: ispitati povezanost bihejvioralnih determinanti upravljanja dijabetesom, posredujućih psihosocijalnih karakteristika i psiholoških stanja (depresija i distres povezan sa dijabetesom) i njihov prediktivni uticaj na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života osoba sa T2DM. Metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao deskriptivno-analitička studija preseka na uzorku od 324 ispitanika sa dijagnozom T2DM postavljenom u skladu sa kriterijumima Američke dijabetološke asocijacije (ADA), kontrolisanih i lečenih u Dispanzeru za dijabetes Doma zdravlja u Zaječaru. Ispitanici su određeni metodom slučajnog uzorka čime je smanjena pristrasnost izbora i obezbeđena statistički pouzdana procena velikog broja studijskih varijabli. Iz medicinske dokumentacije ispitanika, koju su donosili na predhodno zakazane preglede, preuzimani su i razmatrani, u skladu sa ADA kriterijumima za dobru metaboličku kontrolu, sledeći laboratorijski parametri: glikozilirani hemoglobin (HbA1c), trigliceridi u serumu, lipoproteini male gustine (LDL-C) i lipoproteini velike gustine (HDL-C). Ispitanicima je meren krvni pritisak u dva vremena i računata je srednja vrednost. Obavljena su antrpometrijska merenja (telesna masa i telesna visina), računat je Indeks telesne mase i tumačen u skladu sa ADA smernicama. Kao instrument istraživanja korišćen je set upitnika koga su sačinjavali: Opšti upitnik ( kreiran za potrebe ovog istraživanja), Upitnik o stavovima prema medikamentnoj adherentnosti, Upitnik o percepciji adherentnosti prema dijetetskim preporukama, subskale Ličnog upitnika o dijabetesu (procena fizičke aktivnosti i motivisanosti za promene u samostalnom upravljanju dijabetesom), Skala samopouzdanja u dijabetesu, Upitnik za procenu simptoma depresije (PHQ-9), Skala distresa u dijabetesu i Kratak klinički upitnik o kvalitetu živpta sa dijabetesom. Statistička obrada podataka je izvršena korišćenjem statističkog programa IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. Podaci su predstavljeni tabelarno i grafički. Statistička značajnost određivana je na nivou 95% (p < 0,05). Rezultati: Simptome depresije imalo je 60,8% ispitanika u uzorku (10,2% simptome teške depresije), dok je klinički značajan distres imalo 35,2% ispitanika. Kao značajni prediktori simptoma depresije izdvojili su se ženski pol, prisustvo komplikacija dijabetesa i neadekvatne strategije suočavanja sa problemima, dok su se kao prediktori distresa povezanog sa dijabetesom izdvojili nisko samopouzdanje i neadekvatne strategije suočavanja sa problemima. U studijskom uzorku je negativne stavove prema medikamentnoj adherentnosti imalo 47,8% ispitanika, svoje poštovanje dijetetskih preporuka nezadovoljavajućim je ocenilo njih 65,1%, dok je 55,9% ispitanika imalo nezadovoljavajući nivo fizičke aktivnosti. Kao prediktori negativnih stavova prema medikamentnoj adherentnosti izdvojili su se: loša kontrola glikemije, insulinska terapija koju su ispitanici doživljavali kao opterećenje, nezadovoljavajuća fizička aktivnost, nepoštovanje dijetetskih preporuka i neadekvatne strategije suočavanja sa problemima. Prediktivnu vrednost u odnosu na neadherentnost prema dijetetskim preporukama iskazali su: gojaznost, nisko samopouzdanje i nemotivisanost za pštovanje dijetetskih preporuka, dok su se kao prediktori nezadovoljavajućeg nivoa fizičke aktivnosti izdvojili: prisustvo komplikacija, nemotivisanost za kontrolu telesne mase i nizak nivo samopouzdanja. Klinički značajan distres povezan sa dijabetesom bio je značajniji prediktor svih bihejvioralnih determinanti upravljanja dijabetesom u odnosu na simptome depresije. Bihejvioralne determinante samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom bile su statistički značajno negativno povezane sa svakim od parametara metaboličke kontrole pojedinačno. Distres povezan sa dijabetesom bio je statistički značajno pozitivno povezan sa vrednostima HbA1c i krvnog pritiska, dok su ispitanici sa simptomima depresije imali lošiju kontrolu glikemije i lipidni status van referentnog opsega vrednosti. Lošu metaboličku kontrolu, neispunjena sva tri cilja po ADA kriterijumima, imalo je 78,4% ispitanika. Kao prediktori loše metaboličke kontrole izdvojili su se: gojaznost, insulinska terapija koju ispitanici doživljavaju kao opterećenje, nepoštovanje dijetetskih preporuka i nezadovoljavajuća fizička aktivnost. Nezadovoljavajući kvalitet života iskazalo je 62% ispitanika u uzorku. Kao prediktori nezadovoljavajućeg kvaliteta života izdvojili su se: prisustvo komplikacija, nisko samopouzdanje, ne pridržavanje dijetetskih preporuka, nezadovoljavajuća fizička aktivnost, simptomi depresije i klinički značajan distres povezan sa dijabetesom. Zaključak: Sinteza podataka i informacija dobijenih istraživanjem može biti presudna u sprovođenju javno zdravstvenih programa usmerenih na osobe sa T2DM. Studijski rezultati ukazuju da dostupni terapijski modaliteti imaju manju verovatnoću postizanja dobre metaboličke kontrole kod osoba koje imaju problema u pridržavanju bihejvioralnih determinanti samostalnog upravljanja svojom bolešću. Većina determinanti samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom, režimi ishrane, upravljanje telesnom masom i fizičkom aktivnošću, često su van dosega i uticaja lekara koji se bave medicinskim tretmanom osoba sa T2DM i verovatno bi bile mnogo podložnije javno zdravstvenim intervencijama. Uzimanje u obzir podataka o brojnim faktorima od uticaja na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života osoba sa T2DM, dobijenih kao rezultat ovog i sličnih istraživanja, može predstavljati osnovu za uključivanje pojedinaca u strukturisane javno zdravstvene programe o zdravim stilovima života. U svakom slučaju, multidisciplinarni pristup mora biti prioritet u budućim intervencijama sa ciljem poboljšanja ishoda tretmana osoba sa T2DM. Na taj način bi se stvorila mogućnost sinergije strukturisanog stila života i farmakoterapijskih intervencija u skladu sa ADA preporukama o individualizovanom i sveobuhvatnom pristupu osobama sa T2DM. Uvođenjem u rutinski rad sa osobama obolelim od T2DM upitnika primenjenih u ovom istraživanju, kao i kratkih kliničkih intervjua za procenu psihosocijalnih svojstava, omogućilo bi lekarima mnogo individualizovaniji i sveobuhvatniji pristup osobama sa T2DM. Ovo proizilazi iz rezultata studije koji ukazuju na povezanost i uticaje faktora ličnosti (psihosocijalnih i afektivnih svojstava) na bihejvioralne determinante samostalnog upravljanja dijabetesom a samim tim posredno, a i neposredno, na metaboličku kontrolu i kvalitet života osoba sa T2DM., Globally, the number of persons with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) makes up 95% of the total number of diseased. According to the data of the International Diabetes Federation, the real number of diseased is far higher than the number of registered ones, because in 30-80% of cases, persons with T2DM they have no diagnosis and do not know about their disease. T2DM is considered to be one of the most demanding chronic diseases, both physically and emotionally, and living with diabetes is a challenge for majority of diseased. Despite the fact that self-management of diabetes is considered as equally important as a treatment by a doctor and ensures that a person makes 90-95% of decision about his disease independently, high behavioral requirements (regimens of nutrition, body weight management, physical activity and medication adherence) may, at certain periods of a life, become too hard and lead to symptoms of depression and diabetes related distress, a psychological reaction to the threat of diabetes, or a conditions in which a person with diabetes thinks that the resources at their disposal, are insufficient to manage the threat posed by the disease. Psychosocial characteristics of persons with T2DM (cognitive perception of the disease, coping strategies, self-confidence and motivation) mediate the relationship between behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management and these psychological states. As metabolic control is goal of self-management of diabetes, symptoms of depression and diabetes-related distress can directly, but also indirectly, result in poorer metabolic control and progression of complications with a negative impact on quality of life, whereby a decline in quality of life leads to the onset or worsening existing depression and diabetes-related distress. Goal: to examine the relationship between behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management, mediating psychosocial characteristics and psychological states (depression and diabetes-related distress) and their predictive impact on metabolic control and quality of life of persons with T2DM. Methods: The study was conducted as a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study that included 324 subjects diagnosed with T2DM, set in accordance with the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, controlled and treated at the Diabetes Dispensary of the Health Center in Zajecar. Respondents were determined by a random sampling method. This reduced selection bias and provided a statistically reliable estimate of the large number of variables included in the study. The following laboratory parameters were taken from medical documentation of subjects who came for control examination and considered in relation to ADA criteria for good metabolic control: glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) and High-density lipoproteins (HDL-C). The subjects’ blood pressure was measured at two times and the mean value was calculated. Anthropometric measurements (body mass and body height) were performed, body mass index were calculated and interpreted in accordance with ADA guidelines Sets of questionnaires were used as research instruments, which contained the following elements: General questionnaire (made for the needs of this research), Questionnaire on Attitudes towards Medication Adherence, Questionnaire on Perception of Adherence to Dietary Recommendations, subscales of the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (assessment of physical activity and motivation for changes in self-management of diabetes), Diabetes Self-Confidence Scale, Depression Symptom Assessment Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Diabetes Distress Scale and Short Clinical Questionnaire on Quality of Life with Diabetes. Statistical data processing was performed using the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. The data are presented in tables and graphs. Statistical significance was determined at the level of 95% (p < 0.05). Results: Symptoms of depression were present in 60,8% of respondents in the sample (10.2% had symptoms of severe depression), while 35.2% of respondents had clinically significant diabetes-related distress. Predictive values in relation to depressive symptoms was shown by female gender, the presence of diabetes complications, and inadequate coping strategies, while low self-confidence and inadequate coping strategies were predictors of diabetes-related distress. In the study sample 47.8% of respondents had negative attitudes toward medication adherence, 65.1% of them rated their compliance with dietary recommendations as unsatisfactory, while 55.9% of respondents rated their physical activity as unsatisfactory. Predictive value in relation to attitudes towards medication adherence was shown by: poor glycemic control, insulin therapy that respondents perceived as a burden, unsatisfactory physical activity, non-adherence toward dietary recommendations and inadequate coping strategies. Predictive value in relation to unsatisfactory compliance with dietary recommendations was shown by: obesity, low self-confidence and lack of motivation to compliance dietary recommendations, while predictive value in relation to unsatisfactory level of physical activity was shown by: presence of complications, lack of motivation to control body mass and low self-confidence. Clinically significant diabetes-related distress was a more significant predictor of all behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management, relative do depressive symptoms. Behavioral determinants of self management of diabetes are statistically negatively associated with each of the parameters of metabolic conrtol individually. Diabetes-related distress is statistically significantly positively associated with HbA1c and blood pressure values, while respondents with symptoms of depression have poorer glycemic control and lipid status outside the reference values. Poor metabolic control, unfulfilled all three goals of metabolic control (glycemic control, lipid status and blood pressure) according to ADA criteria, have 78.4% of respondents. Predictive value in relation to poor metabolic control was shown by: obesity, insulin therapy which respondents perceive as a burden, non adherence toward dietary recommendations and unsatisfactory physical activity. Unsatisfactory quality of life is expressed by 62.0% of respondents. Predictive value in relation to unsatisfactory quality of life was shown by: the presence of complications, low self-confidence, non-adherence toward dietary recommendations, unsatisfactory physical activity, symptoms of depression and clinically significant diabetes-related distress. Conclusion: The synthesis of data and information obtained by this research can be crucial in the implementation of public health programs aimed at persons with T2DM. The results obtained by this study indicate that the available therapeutic modalities are less likely to be effective in persons who have difficulty adhering to the behavioral determinants of self-management of their disease. Most determinants of diabetes self-management (adequate dietary regimes, body mass control and physical activity) are often beyond the reach and influence of physicians treating persons with T2DM and are likely to be much more susceptible to public health interventions. Taking into account data on a number factors influencing the metabolic control and quality of life of persons with T2DM, obtained as a results of this and similar research, can be the basis for involving individuals in structured public health programs on healthy lifestyles. In any case, multidisciplinary approach must be a priority in future interventions aimed at improving the treatment outcomes of persons with T2DM. This would create the possibility of synergy of structured lifestyle and pharmacotherapeutic interventions in accordance with ADA recommendations about individualized and comprehensive approach to persons with T2DM. By introducing in routine work with T2DM patients questionnaires applied in this research as well as short clinical interviews on how they experience their disease and how to deal with the problems associated with it, would allow physicians a much more individualized and comprehensive approach to their patients. This follows from the results of this study which indicate the connection and influences of the patient’s personality (psychosocial and affective properties) on the behavioral determinants of diabetes self-management, and thus indirectly and directly on the metabolic control and quality of life of persons with T2DM.
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- 2022
34. Impact of ambient suspended particles 'PM2,5' on mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity of adults in the city of Novi Sad
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Dragić, Nataša, Bijelović, Sanja, Jevtić, Marija, Stojanović, Dušica, Bjelanović-Mirilov, Jelena, Paunović, Katarina, and Kvrgić, Svetlana
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meteorologija ,Traffic-Related Pollution ,zagađenje od saobraćaja ,morbiditet ,gradovi ,Environmental Exposure ,čestice ,zagađenje vazduha ,Meteorology ,Risk Factors ,Air Pollution ,faktori rizika ,Particulate Matter ,izloženost životne sredine ,Public Health ,Cities ,Mortality ,Morbidity ,javno zdravlje ,mortalitet - Abstract
Kvalitet vazduha u urbanim sredinama predstavlja jedan od glavnih uzroka zdravstvenih problema. Prema podacima SZO u svetu se godišnje usled zagađenja vazduha u urbanim sredinama dogodi preko 2,7 miliona smrtnih slučajeva. Procenjuje se da najbolji indikator za procenu veličine zdravstvenog rizika od zagađenja vazduha jeste koncentracija suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 u vazduhu životne sredine. Cilj: Proceniti uticaj suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 iz vazduha životne sredine na ukupan mortalitet, kardiovaskularni i respiratorni bolnički morbiditet odraslog stanovništva Grada Novog Sada. Takođe, cilj istraživanja je bio da se i utvrdi koncentracija i hemijski sastav suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 u vazduhu životne sredine na teritoriji Grada Novog Sada, na dnevnom i godišnjem nivou, uzimajući u obzir i uticaj meteoroloških parametara. Metod: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao prospektivna studija vremenske serije podataka o kvalitetu vazduha, meteorološkim parametrima i zdravstvenim ishodima, u intervalima od najmanje 30 dana tokom sva četiri godišnja doba 2017. godine. Uzorkovanje i određivanje koncentracije i hemijskog sastava čestica PM2,5 u skladu sa propisanim standardnim metodama, je obavljeno na mernim mestima u životnoj sredini Grada Novog Sada, koja reprezentuju uticaj saobraćaja i urbanog pozadinskog područja na zagađenje vazduha životne sredine. Primenjen je Lenschow pristup za kvantifikaciju veličine doprinosa saobraćaja porastu koncentracije suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 u vazduhu životne sredine. Podaci o meteorološkim parametrima (temperatura vazduha, relativna vlažnost vazduha i brzina vetra), su preuzeti od Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda Srbije. Podaci o zdravstvenim ishodima (dnevni broj umrlih i hospitalizovanih zbog kardiovaskularnih i respiratornih bolesti), za stanovništvo starije od 18 godina, čije mesto stanovanja pripada teritoriji Grada Novog Sada, obezbeđeni su od strane Centra za informatiku i biostatistiku u zdravstvu Instituta za javno zdravlje Vojvodine. Za procenu uticaja nezavisnih promenljivih na zavisne (ukupan mortalitet / bolnički morbiditet) primenjen je generalizovani linearni model regresione analize za vremenske serije podataka (Poason). Rezultati: Prosečna godišnja koncentracija suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 iz vazduha životne sredine na teritoriji Grada Novog Sada je iznosila 30,27 μg/m3, a srednje dnevne koncentracije 8-79 g/m3. Približno 30% varijabilnosti srednjih dnevnih koncentracije suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 se može objasniti lokalnim meteorološkim uslovima. Hemijski sastav čestica na području Grada Novog Sada u najvećem procentu čini ekvivalent karbonatne frakcije čestica, zatim sekundarni neorganski aerosol i rastvorljiva organska frakcija, dok su joni rastvorljivi u vodi (kalcijum, hloridi, natrijum, kalijum i magnezijum) zastupljeni u najmanjem procentu. Prisutni izvori zagađenja vazduha životne sredine na području Grada Novog Sada su procesi sagorevanja fosilnih goriva i biomase, saobraćaj, mineralna (zemljišna) prašina i sekundarno zagađenje regionalnog porekla. Doprinos saobraćaja porastu prosečne godišnje koncentracije suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 je iznosio 40%. Masena koncentracija čestica PM2,5, kao i hemijski sastav čestica (ekvivalent karbonatne frakcije, rastvorljiva organska frakcija, joni kalijuma i kalcijuma) doprinose umiranju i oboljevanju odraslog stanovništva Grada Novog Sada. Na uticaj masene koncentracije i hemijskog sastava čestica PM2,5 najosetljivije su žene i stanovništvo starosti ≥ 65 godina, kao i muškarci u pogledu uticaja ekvivalenta karbonatne frakcije čestica PM2,5. Zaključak: Dobijeni rezultati po prvi put opisuju zdravstveni uticaj masene koncentracije i hemijskog sastava čestica PM2,5 na području Grada Novog Sada, odnosno kvantifikuju rizik za ukupan mortalilteta i kardiovaskualrni i respiratorni morbiditet. Razumevanje uticaja suspendovanih čestica PM2,5 na oboljevanje i umiranje stanovništva, stratifikovanih prema starosnoj i polnoj strukturi, uz identifikaciju mogućih izvora zađenja vazduha na području Grada Novog Sada, predstavlja osnovu za razvoj javnozdravstvene politike u cilju unapređenja zdravlja stanovništva Grada Novog Sada. Urban ambient air pollution is one of the leading causes of health problems. According to WHO data, over 2.7 million deaths occur in urban areas annually due to urban air pollution. Particulate matter PM2.5 is estimated to be the best indicator for assessing the magnitude of the health risk induces by ambient air pollution. Aim: To assess the impact of PM2.5 on total mortality, cardiovascular and respiratory hospital morbidity of the adult population of the City of Novi Sad. Also, the aim of the study was to determine the concentration and chemical composition of ambient PM 2.5 particles in the territory of the City of Novi Sad, on daily and annual bases, taking into account the impact of meteorological parameters. Method: The study was conducted as a prospective, a time series study of of data on air quality, meteorological parameters and health outcomes, at intervals of at least 30 days during all four seasons of 2017. Sampling and determination of the mass concentration and chemical composition of PM2.5 particles in accordance with the prescribed standard methods, it was performed at sampling stations in the City of Novi Sad, representing the impact of traffic and urban background impact on environmental air pollution. A Lenschow approach was used to quantify the magnitude of traffic contribution to the increase of ambient PM2.5 mass concentration. Meteorological data (air temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity) were taken from the Republic Hydrometeorological Institute of Serbia. Data on health outcomes (daily number of deaths and hospitalizations due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases) for the population older than 18, residing within the territory of the City of Novi Sad, have been provided by the Centre for Informatics and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina. To evaluate the impact of independent variables on dependent (total mortality/hospital morbidity), a generalized linear regression model for time series data (Poisson) was applied. Results: The average annual mass concentration of PM2.5 in the territory of the City of Novi Sad was 30.27μg/m3, while mean daily concentrations were 8- 79μg/m3. Approximately 30% of the variability in mean daily concentrations of PM2.5 particles can be explained with local meteorological conditions. The chemical composition of PM2.5 in the area of Novi Sad is to the a great extent the equivalent of the carbonate fraction of the particles, then the secondary inorganic aerosol and the soluble organic fraction, while the water-soluble ions (calcium, chlorides, sodium, potassium and magnesium) are present in the lowest percentage. The sources of ambient air pollution in the area of the City of Novi Sad were the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass, traffic, mineral (soil dust) and secondary pollution of regional origin. Contribution of traffic to the increase of the average annual mass concentrations of PM2.5 particles was 40%. PM2.5 particle mass concentration, as well as the chemical composition of the particles (carbonate fraction equivalent, soluble organic fraction, potassium and calcium ions) contribute to the deaths and diseases of the adult population of the City of Novi Sad. Women and the population aged ≥65, were more susceptible to mass concentration and chemical composition of PM2.5 related deaths and diseases, as well as men according to the impact of the equivalents of carbonate fractions of PM2.5. Conclusion: The results obtained show for the first time the health effects of mass concentration and chemical composition of PM2.5 particles in the City of Novi Sad, i.e. they quantify the risk for total mortality and cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity. Understanding the impact of suspended particles PM2.5 on population mortality and morbidity, stratified by age and sex structure, along with identifying of possible air pollution sources is the basis for the development of public health policies aimed at improving the population health in the City of Novi Sad.
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- 2020
35. ZDRAVLJE I ŽIVOTNA SREDINA.
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Novaković, Budimka, Kristoforović-Ilić, Miroslava, Trajković-Pavlović, Ljiljana, Torović, Ljilja, Jevtić, Marija, Bijelović, Sanja, Balać, Dragana, Bjelanović, Jelena, and Popović, Milka
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UNIVERSITY faculty , *HEALTH education , *CURRICULUM , *PUBLIC health , *EDUCATION - Abstract
Introduction The Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, is responsible for undergraduate and graduate courses in the field of preventive medicine. The principal task of physicians in the 21st century is to provide health promotion and disease prevention. In the future, evaluation of physician knowledge and competence will be predominantly based on patients' health conditions. Health and Environment Human health is a result of long-term interaction between human genome and the environment. Good human health requires permanent control of health conditions as well as control of environmental health hazards. Various environmental factors, such as physical, chemical, biological, social and economic, affect the population health. Air, drinking water and food are fundamental to the existence of life of all living beings on Earth, and therefore they have enormous influence on the health of individuals and populations. Conclusion The significance of the above mentioned requirements, essential for human health, is the reason why the Department of Hygiene conducted an investigation on the quality of air, food and water (water is a foodstuff as well) in Vojvodina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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36. Determination of patulin in apple products and population exposure assessment
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Dimitrov, Nina, Torović, Ljilja, Bijelović, Sanja, Vuković, Gorica, Beara, Ivana, and Hogervorst, Jelena
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patulin ,sokovi od voća i povrća ,kontaminacija hrane ,jabuka ,bezbednost hrane ,procena rizika ,tečna hromatografija ,analiza hrane ,ostaci pesticida ,Patulin ,Fruit and Vegetable Juices ,Food Contamination ,Malus ,Food Safety ,Risk Assessment ,Chromatography, Liquid ,Food Analysis ,Pesticide Residues - Abstract
Sprovedena studija po prvi put izveštava o prisustvu patulina, sekundarnog metabolita određenih vrsta plesni, u proizvodima od jabuka, kao i proceni rizika usled unosa patulina od strane odojčadi, dece, adolescenata i odrasle populacije u Republici Srbiji. Ukupno 356 uzoraka sokova i kašica za odojčad i malu decu (48 i 66, redom), sokova za decu (mala pakovanja sa cevčicom, 100) i sokova u porodičnom pakovanju (142), sakupljeno je sa tržišta tokom tri godine i analizirano primenom tečne hromatografije sa ultraljubičastom detekcijom, metodom koja je predhodno validirana. Prisustvo patulina je detektovano u 44% i 17% uzoraka sokova i kašica za odojčad i malu decu, redom, u količinama nižim od zakonskog ograničenja od 10 μg/kg (maksimalno 8,3 i 7,7 μg/kg, redom). Udeo kontaminiranih uzoraka među sokovima za decu iznosio je 43%, sa najvišom koncentracijom patulina od 30,2 μg/kg ispod maksimalno dozvoljenog nivoa od 50 μg/kg. Patulin je detektovan u 51% sokova u porodičnom pakovanju, sa 0,7% uzoraka iznad zakonske granice od 50 μg/kg (prosečna koncentracija 4,3 μg/kg). Sokovi od jabuka su pokazali značajno viši udeo kontaminiranih uzoraka (74% u odnosu na 28%), kao i viši prosečni sadržaj patulina (6,4 u odnosu na 2,1 μg/kg) u poređenju sa sokovima od mešanog voća. Procena rizika usled unosa patulina od strane odojčadi, dece, adolescenata i odrasle populacije u Republici Srbiji, sprovedena primenom determinističkog i probabilističkog pristupa, uključujući rezultate biodostupnosti patulina, pokazala je da je odnos između procenjenog dnevnog unosa i toksikološke referentne doze za patulin od 0,4 μg/kg telesne mase, koji se označava kao “hazard quotient”, znatno ispod 1, što ukazuje na tolerantan nivo izloženosti i nepostojanje razloga za zabrinutost za zdravlje populacije. Dodatno, analiza ostataka pesticida i toksičnih metala potvrdila je bezbednost proizvoda od jabuka na tržištu. Međutim, identifikacija višestrukih ostataka pesticida je razlog za aktivan pristup i pažljivo planiranje i sprovođenje monitoringa bezbednosti hrane, posebno hrane za odojčad i malu decu, kao najosetljivije populacione grupe., This study reports for the first time the occurrence of patulin, a secondary metabolite of certain fungi, in apple-based food, as well as risk assessment related to patulin intake by infants, children, adolescents and adults in Serbia. In total, 356 samples of infant fruit juices (48), infant purée (66), juices for children (small package with straw, 100), and juices in family package (142) were collected from the market over three years (2013–15) and analysed using validated method based on liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Patulin was found in 44% of infant juices and 17% of infant purée, with all values below the legal limit of 10 μg/kg (maximum 8.3 and 7.7 μg/kg, respectively). The proportion of contaminated samples among fruit juices for children was 43%, with the highest patulin concentration at 30.2 μg/kg, not exceeding the maximum allowed level of 50 μg/kg. Patulin was found in 51% of juices in family package, with 0.7% of the samples in excess of the legal limit of 50 μg/kg (mean 4.3 μg/kg). Apple juices showed significantly higher percentage of contaminated samples (74% versus 28%), as well as higher mean patulin content (6.4 versus 2.1 μg/kg) when compared with the multifruit ones. Risk assessment of patulin intake by Serbian infants, children, adolescents and adults, conducted by deterministic and probabilistic approaches and including the bioaccessibility results, revealed a ratio between exposure and toxicological reference dose for patulin of 0,4 μg/kg body weigth, called hazard quotients, well below 1, indicating a tolerable exposure level and no health concern. Furthermore, analysis of pesticide residues and toxic metals confirmed safety of apple products on the market. However, identification of multiple pesticide residues is a reason for an active attitude and carefully planned and conducted monitoring of food safety, expecialy in the case of food for infants and young children, as they are the most susceptible population group.
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- 2018
37. Utvrđivanje povezanosti mediteranskog načina ishrane i faktora rizika za nastanak akutnog koronarnog sindroma upotrebom 'MedDiet' skora
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Velicki, Radmila, Popović, Milka, Petrović, Milovan, Bjelanović, (Mirilov) Jelena, Ivanović, Vladimir, Paunović, Katarina, Kvrgić, Svetlana, Bijelović, Sanja, and Bjelanović-Mirilov, Jelena
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mediteranska ishrana ,kardiovaskularne bolesti ,akutni koronarni sindrom ,faktori rizika ,procena ishrane ,studije preseka ,Mediterranean ,Diet ,Nutrition Assessment ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Risk Factors ,Diet, Mediterranean ,Acute Coronary Syndrome - Abstract
Uvod: Kardiovaskularne bolesti predstavljaju vodeći uzrok obolevanja i umiranja savremenog čoveka i vodeći su javno-zdravstveni problem u svetu i kod nas. Brojna istraživanja sugerišu da se mediteranski način ishrane povezuje sa smanjenjem rizika za nastanak i razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti i drugih masovnih nezaraznih bolesti kao i smanjenjem stope ukupnog mortaliteta. Cilj istraživanja: Utvrditi stepen pridržavanja mediteranskom načinu ishrane kod obolelih od akutnog koronarnog sindroma i kod osoba sa utvrđenim rizikom za nastanak kardiovaskularnih bolesti, upotrebom validovanog skora mediteranske ishrane – MedDiet skora. Takođe, cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi da li postoji značajna razlika u vrednostima biohemijskih i kliničkih faktora rizika za razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti između dve posmatrane grupe ispitanika, kao i da se odredi granična vrednost MedDiet skora između poželjnog i rizičnog načina ishrane za nastanak akutnog koronarnog sindroma. Metod: Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao analitička studija preseka na uzorku od 294 ispitanika (146 žena i 148 muškaraca), starosti od 30 do 82 godine. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u vremenskom periodu od 07.02.2016. godine do 16.03.2017. godine. Prvu grupu činili su ispitanici kod kojih je dijagnostikovan akutni koronarni sindrom, koji su hospitalizovani u Institutu za kardiovaskularne bolesti Vojvodine u Sremskoj Kamenici, dok su drugu grupu činili ispitanici kod kojih je utvrđeno prisustvo najmanje jednog faktora rizika za nastanak kardiovaskularnih bolesti, bez klinički manifestne koronarne bolesti, koji su se javili na pregled u Savetovalište za pravilnu ishranu, Instituta za javno zdravlje Vojvodine u Novom Sadu. Kod svih učesnika u studiji izvršena su: antropometrijska merenja, merenje arterijskog krvnog pritiska, odgovarajuće biohemijske analize, EKG i anketiranje upotrebom posebno pripremljenog upitnika, u čijem sastavu se nalazio i MedDiet skor – validovan skor system za procenu stepena zastupljenosti mediteranskog načina ishrane kod pojedinca. Rezultati istraživanja: Srednja vrednost MedDiet skora ispitanika bez akutnog koronarnog sindroma bila je 27,48±6,59, dok je srednja vrednost MedDiet skora ispitanika sa akutnim koronarnim sindromom bila 20,53±4,01. Razlika srednjih vrednosti MedDiet skora između dve grupe ispitanika bila je statistički značajna (p=0,029). Ispitivanjem prediktivnih vrednosti pojedinih varijabli utvrđeno je da su MedDiet skor i glikemija našte odlični markeri za akutni koronarni sindrom (AUROC=0,815, p22,5 ukazuju na smanjen rizik za nastanak akutnog koronarnog sindroma. Multivarijantnom regresionom analizom pokazano je da na pojavu akutnog koronarnog sindroma utiču sledeći faktori rizika: godine starosti 1,063 (1,270-1,819), muški pol 4,071 (1,901-8,719), pušenje 3,067 (1,322-7,114), indeks telesne mase 0,902 (0,839-0,970), sistolni pritisak 1,020 (1,003-1,037), glikemija našte 1,520 (1,025-1,101) i MedDiet skor 0,783 (0,722-0,849). Zaključak: Akutni koronarni sindrom predstavlja značajan javno-zdravstveni problem odraslog stanovništva u Republici Srbiji na šta ukazuju visoke prevalencije u populaciji. Rezultati sprovedenog istraživanja pokazuju da je i diskretnim povećanjem unosa namirnica koje predstavljaju osnovu mediteranskog načina ishrane moguće postići značajne zdravstvene koristi. Ovi rezultati mogu predstavljati okvir za razvoj lokalnog skoring sistema ishrane prikladnog za nemediteransko područje, kao i modela za procenu rizika za nastanak akutnog koronarnog sindroma u našoj populaciji., Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of a modern society and are major public health problem in our country and also worldwide. Numerous studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduction in the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases, as well as reduction in the overall mortality rate. Aim: To determine the degree of Mediterranean diet complience in subjects with acute coronary syndrome and subjects with an established risk for developing cardiovascular diseases, using validated Mediterranean diet score - MedDiet. Also, the aim of the study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the values of the biochemical and clinical risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases between the two observed groups of subjects, and to determine the cut-off value of the MedDiet score between the favorable and unfavorable dietaty pattern for the development of acute coronary syndrome. Method: The study was conducted as an analytical cross-sectional study with enrollment of 294 subjects (146 women and 148 men), 30 to 82 years of age. The research was conducted during the period from 02/07/2016 until 03/16/2017. The first group of subjects consisted of patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome who were hospitalized at the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina in Sremska Kamenica. The second group was comprised of subjects with established at least one major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases but without clinically manifest coronary artery disease, who came to the medical examination of the Counseling Center for Proper Nutrition, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. Among all participants in the study the following examinations were conducted: anthropometric measurements, arterial blood pressure measurements, appropriate biochemical analysis, ECG and surveys using a specially prepared questionnaire, which included MedDiet score - validated score system for assessing the degree of compliance with Mediterranean dietary pattern among subjects. Results of the study: The average value of the MedDiet score among subjects without acute coronary syndrome was 27.48 ± 6.59, while the average value of MedDiet score among subjects with acute coronary syndrome was 20.53 ± 4.01. The difference in MedDiet average values between the two groups of subjects was statistically significant (p = 0.029). By examining the predictive values of individual variables, it was shown that MedDiet score and fasting blood sugar were excellent markers for acute coronary syndrome (AUROC = 0.815, p 22.5 indicated reduced risk for the development of acute coronary syndrome. Multivariate regression analysis showed that acute coronary syndrome is affected by the following risk factors: age 1,063 (1,270-1,819), male gender 4,071 (1,901-8,719), smoking 3,067 (1,322-7,114), body mass index 0,902 (0.839-0.970 ), systolic blood pressure 1.020 (1.003-1.037), fasting blood sugar 1.520 (1.025-1.101) and MedDiet score 0.783 (0.722- 0.849). Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome is a major public health problem in the adult population of the Republic of Serbia, as indicated by its high prevalence. The results of the conducted research show that discrete increase in food intakes of foods which represent the basis of the Mediterranean diet, can lead to significant health benefits. These results can represent a framework for the development of a local scoring system for a non-mediterranean area, and also for creation of risk assessment model for acute coronary syndrome in our population.
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- 2018
38. Factors affecting blood pressure in people diagnosed with hypertension in primary health care
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Ninković, Mrđenovački Olivera, Ivanović, Vladimir, Bijelović, Sanja, Bjelanović, Jelena, Stojšić-Milosavljević, Anastazija, Jevtić, Marija, Paunović, Katarina, and Petrović, Milovan
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Hypertension ,Arterial Pressure ,Risk Factors ,Primary Health Care ,Risk Assessment ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Life Style ,hipertenzija ,arterijski pritisak ,faktori rizika ,primarna zdravstvena zaštita ,procena rizika ,kardiovaskularne bolesti ,stil života - Abstract
Uvod. Kardiovaskularne bolesti kao deo grupe hroničnih nezaraznih bolesti predstavljale su i predstavljaju vodeći uzrok obolevanja i umiranja u svetu. Brojni naučni dokazi potvrđuju da je arterijska hipertenzija glavni kardiovaskularni faktor rizika, a da postignute vrednosti krvnog pritiska niže od 140/90mmHg značajno smanjuju kardiovaskularni rizik, odnosno pojavu kardiovaskularnih događaja, prvenstveno infarkta miokarda i moždanog udara. Arterijska hipertenzija je najzastupljenije stanje koje se viđa u ustanovama primarne zdravstvene zaštite, a mere prevencije, rano dijagnostikovanje, lečenje i kontrola arterijske hipertenzije predstavljaju javno-zdravstveni izazov u svim zemljama sveta. Ciljevi. Ciljevi istraživanja su utvrđivanje prevalencije arterijske hipertenzije koja je pod kontrolom; utvrđivanje prevalencije i povezanosti metaboličkih faktora sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska; utvrđivanje prevalencije i povezanosti nezdravih stilova života sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska; utvrđivanje prediktora loše kontrole krvnog pritiska i izračunavanje 10-godišenjeg kardivaskularnog rizika. Metode. U studiju preseka (prevalencije) uključeno je 373 ispitanika oba pola starosti od 45 do 75 godina sa dijagnozom arterijske hipertenzije u kartonu koji su u periodu od oktobra 2015. godine do februara 2016. godine dolazili kod svog izabranog lekara. Prikupljanje podataka obavljeno je merenjem krvnog pritiska, antropometrijskim merenjima, biohemijskim analizama i anketiranjem popunjavanjem upitnika. Rezultati. Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 55% žena i 45% muškaraca prosečne starosti 59±6,3 godine. Utvrđena je niska učestalost arterijske hipertenzije pod kontrolom od 39,1%, a visoka učestalost metaboličkih faktora (44,5% predgojaznosti, 34% gojaznosti, 29% šećerne bolesti, 88,2% povišenih masnoća i 41,8% metaboličkog sindroma) kao i njihova povezanost sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska jer su ispitanici sa nekontrolisanim krvnim pritiskom najčešće imali dva faktora rizika (40,5%), dok su ispitanici sa kontrolisanim krvnim pritiskom najčešće imali jedan faktor rizika (45,9%). Utvrđeno je da su prosečne vrednosti sistolnog, dijastolnog pritiska i pulsa bile značajno (p, Introduction. Cardiovascular diseases, as part of a group of chronic noncommunicable diseases, have been and still are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Numerous scientific proofs confirm that arterial hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor and that the achieved blood pressure values lower than 140/90mmHg significantly reduce cardio-vascular risk, or the appearance of cardio-vascular events, mainly myocardial infarction and stroke. Arterial hypertension is the most common condition that is seen in primary health care institutions and preventive measures, early diagnosis, treatment and control of arterial hypertension are a public health challenge in all countries of the world. Objectives. The objectives of the research were to determine the prevalence of arterial hypertension which is controlled; to determine the prevalence and correlation of the metabolic factors with the outcome in blood pressure control; to determine the prevalence and correlation of unhealthy lifestyles with the outcome in blood pressure control; to determine the predictors of poor blood pressure control and calculate a 10-year cardiovascular risk. Methods. The cross-sectional study (of prevalence) included 373 respondents of both sexes aged 45 to 75 years diagnosed with arterial hypertension who in the period from October 2015 to February 2016 visited their chosen doctor. Data collection was performed by measuring blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, biochemical analyses and surveying by filling out a questionnaire. Results. The sample consisted of 55% women and 45% men, of mean age of 59±6.3 years. The results showed low incidence of arterial hypertension under control of 39.1%, and high incidence of metabolic factors (44.5% of overweight, 34% of obesity, 29% of diabetes mellitus, 88.2% of elevated fat and 41.8% of the metabolic syndrome) as well as their association with the outcome in blood pressure control as the respondents with uncontrolled blood pressure usually had two risk factors (40.5%), while the group with controlled blood pressure usually had one risk factor (45.9%). It was found that the average values of systolic, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly (p
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- 2017
39. Faktori koji utiču na postignute vrednosti krvnog pritiska osoba sa dijagnostikovanom arterijskom hipertenzijom na nivou primarne zdravstvene zaštite
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Ninković Mrđenovački, Olivera, Ivanović, Vladimir, Bijelović, Sanja, Bjelanović, Jelena, Stojšić-Milosavljević, Anastazija, Jevtić, Marija, Paunović, Katarina, and Petrović, Milovan
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Primary Health Care ,arterijski pritisak ,procena rizika ,Risk Assessment ,primarna zdravstvena zaštita ,stil života ,kardiovaskularne bolesti ,Risk Factors ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,hipertenzija ,Hypertension ,faktori rizika ,Arterial Pressure ,Life Style - Abstract
Uvod. Kardiovaskularne bolesti kao deo grupe hroničnih nezaraznih bolesti predstavljale su i predstavljaju vodeći uzrok obolevanja i umiranja u svetu. Brojni naučni dokazi potvrđuju da je arterijska hipertenzija glavni kardiovaskularni faktor rizika, a da postignute vrednosti krvnog pritiska niže od 140/90mmHg značajno smanjuju kardiovaskularni rizik, odnosno pojavu kardiovaskularnih događaja, prvenstveno infarkta miokarda i moždanog udara. Arterijska hipertenzija je najzastupljenije stanje koje se viđa u ustanovama primarne zdravstvene zaštite, a mere prevencije, rano dijagnostikovanje, lečenje i kontrola arterijske hipertenzije predstavljaju javno-zdravstveni izazov u svim zemljama sveta. Ciljevi. Ciljevi istraživanja su utvrđivanje prevalencije arterijske hipertenzije koja je pod kontrolom; utvrđivanje prevalencije i povezanosti metaboličkih faktora sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska; utvrđivanje prevalencije i povezanosti nezdravih stilova života sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska; utvrđivanje prediktora loše kontrole krvnog pritiska i izračunavanje 10-godišenjeg kardivaskularnog rizika. Metode. U studiju preseka (prevalencije) uključeno je 373 ispitanika oba pola starosti od 45 do 75 godina sa dijagnozom arterijske hipertenzije u kartonu koji su u periodu od oktobra 2015. godine do februara 2016. godine dolazili kod svog izabranog lekara. Prikupljanje podataka obavljeno je merenjem krvnog pritiska, antropometrijskim merenjima, biohemijskim analizama i anketiranjem popunjavanjem upitnika. Rezultati. Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 55% žena i 45% muškaraca prosečne starosti 59±6,3 godine. Utvrđena je niska učestalost arterijske hipertenzije pod kontrolom od 39,1%, a visoka učestalost metaboličkih faktora (44,5% predgojaznosti, 34% gojaznosti, 29% šećerne bolesti, 88,2% povišenih masnoća i 41,8% metaboličkog sindroma) kao i njihova povezanost sa ishodom u kontroli krvnog pritiska jer su ispitanici sa nekontrolisanim krvnim pritiskom najčešće imali dva faktora rizika (40,5%), dok su ispitanici sa kontrolisanim krvnim pritiskom najčešće imali jedan faktor rizika (45,9%). Utvrđeno je da su prosečne vrednosti sistolnog, dijastolnog pritiska i pulsa bile značajno (p
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- 2017
40. Prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years in the territory of Republic of Srpska
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Petrović, Slobodanka, Zvezdin, Biljana, Živković, Zorica, Bijelović, Sanja, and Katanić, Dragan
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Adolescent ,adolescenti ,Climate ,deca ,zagađenje vazduha ,Asthma ,znaci i simptomi ,Epidemiologic Studies ,Signs and Symptoms ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,respiratorni zvuci ,Air Pollution ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,astma ,klima ,Prevalence ,prevalenca ,Child ,epidemiološke studije ,istraživanja i upitnici ,studije preseka ,Respiratory Sounds - Abstract
Увод: Астма као хронично оболење представља велики здравствени, социјални и економски проблем широм света Ово оболење једно је од најчешћих хроничних оболења код деце и најчешћи узрок повећаног броја хоспитализација код деце млађе од 15 година. Резултати досадашњих студија говоре у прилог пораста преваленције астме и алергијских болести код деце у последњих десетак година. Епидемиолошка испитивања су значајна за разумевање природе астме, као и откривања могућих фактора за тренд пораста учесталости астме код деце. Разлика у географској дистрибуцији учесталости симптома астме унутар исте земље сугерише да фактори средине, више него можда генетски фактори, утичу на дистрибуцију преваленције симптома астме. У литератури се као најзначајнији фактори средине истичу загађење животне средине и климатски фактора. Доступне студије показују да постоји узрочна повезаност између повећане изложености загађењу животне средине и акутних респираторних симптома. Процењено је да је у Европи током 2000. године дошло до губитка 3,6 милиона година живота услед повећања концентрације респирабилних честица. И новије препоруке Светске здравствене организације одлучно предлажу смањење изложености деце загађујућим материјама. Резултати доступних студија сугеришу да ефекти загрејавања и топлотних таласа, као и ниских темепратура, утичу на морбидитет и учесталост хоспитализација деце са астмом. Циљеви истраживања били су одредити преваленцију симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске, затим одредити утицај загађујућих материја животне средине и климатских фактора на преваленцију симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске. Материјал и методе: Истраживање је проведено у облику студије пресека и обухватало је 3000 деце узраста од 6 до 15 година из 13 основних школа на територији Републике Српске. Преваленција симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година одређивала се путем упитника Интернационалне студије за астму и алергије код деце (The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood – ISAAC). Овај упитник дизајниран је за потребе мултицентричне студије о преваленцији астме, алергијског ринитиса и екцема код деце. Мерење квалитета ваздуха обухватало је следеће параметре: сумпoр диoксид SO2 (μg/m3), угљен мoнoксид CO (mg/m3), азот диоксид NO2 (μg/m3), oзoн O3 (μg/m3) и респирабилне честице PM10 (μg/m3). Континуирана мерења компоненти загађености ваздуха вршила су се на метеоролошком опсерваторију гдје су се континуирано мерили имисионе концентрације стационарним еколошким лабораторијем. Мерења климатских фактора на станицама Републичког хидрометеоролошког завода Републике Српске вршила су се према стандардима Светске метеоролошке организације (WMO). Мерења су се вршила у оквиру метеорoлошког круга који се налази на отвореном простору да би се избегао вештачки утицај околине и у одређеним терминима у зависности од ранга станице. Подаци су анализирани уз помоћ статистичког софтвера IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Резултати: Визинг у последњих 12 месеци имало је 7,9% деце укључене у студију. Дијагнозу астме икада имало је постављено 3,5% испитаника. Статистички значајну учесталост недијагностиковане астме имала су деца са блажим симптомима астме у последњих 12 месеци. Сув кашаљ ноћу био регистрован је код 14,8% испитаника. Код дечака је била значајно виша преваленција визинга у последњих 12 месеци и сувог кашља него код девојчица. Код превремено рођене деце статистички значајно је виша преваленција свих симптома астме. Регистрована је и значајна релација између пушења међу укућанима и појаве визинга у последњих 12 месеци (χ2 (1, N=1956) = 5,13, p=0,02). Код испитаника чији укућани су пушачи била је виша преваленција овог симптома (9,6%) у односу на децу чији укућани не пуше (6,7%). Пушење мајки у трудноћи статистички значајно је утицало на преваленцију свих симптома астме код деце. Концентрација азот оксида и PM10 је статистички значајно повезана са преваленцијом визинга и сувог кашља у последњих 12 месеци, док је повезаност са преваленцијом дијагнозе астме код деце на маргини статистичке значајности. Концентрација сумпор диоксида и озона је статистички значајно повезана са преваленцијом визинга у последњих 12 месеци. Преваленција астме у планинској регији је 7,3%, у умерено-континенталној регији је 8,0% и медитеранској регији 8,4%. Просечна годишња температура даје статистички значајан допринос предвиђању појаве визинга у последњих 12 месеци међу децом која су икада имали визинг у току живота. Са порастом просечне годишње температуре за 1 степен вероватноћа појаве визинга у последњих 12 месеци је 1,98 пута већа међу децом која су икада имала визинг. Пораст максималне просечне дневне температуре статистички значајно утиче на појаву визинга у току живота и сувог кашља у последњих 12 месеци. Постоји статистички значајна повезаност између минималне просечне дневне температуре и појаве визинга толико тешког да дете није у могућности изговорити неколико речи између два удаха. Закључак: Мушки пол, рођење пре термина, изложеност дуванском диму и пушење мајке током трудноће представљају статистички значајане ризике за развој астме код детета. Дечаци, деца млађег узраста, превремено рођена деца и деца храњена млечним формулама у првих 6 месеци живота имају статистичи значајан ризик за развој сувог кашља. Статистички значајну повезаност са преваленцијом астме код деце имају следеће мерене загађујуће материје: SO2, O3, азот оксиди и PM10. Статистички значајну повезаност са преваленцијом астме код деце има пораст просечне годишње температуре и више вредности максималне просечне дневне температуре. Uvod: Astma kao hronično obolenje predstavlja veliki zdravstveni, socijalni i ekonomski problem širom sveta Ovo obolenje jedno je od najčešćih hroničnih obolenja kod dece i najčešći uzrok povećanog broja hospitalizacija kod dece mlađe od 15 godina. Rezultati dosadašnjih studija govore u prilog porasta prevalencije astme i alergijskih bolesti kod dece u poslednjih desetak godina. Epidemiološka ispitivanja su značajna za razumevanje prirode astme, kao i otkrivanja mogućih faktora za trend porasta učestalosti astme kod dece. Razlika u geografskoj distribuciji učestalosti simptoma astme unutar iste zemlje sugeriše da faktori sredine, više nego možda genetski faktori, utiču na distribuciju prevalencije simptoma astme. U literaturi se kao najznačajniji faktori sredine ističu zagađenje životne sredine i klimatski faktora. Dostupne studije pokazuju da postoji uzročna povezanost između povećane izloženosti zagađenju životne sredine i akutnih respiratornih simptoma. Procenjeno je da je u Evropi tokom 2000. godine došlo do gubitka 3,6 miliona godina života usled povećanja koncentracije respirabilnih čestica. I novije preporuke Svetske zdravstvene organizacije odlučno predlažu smanjenje izloženosti dece zagađujućim materijama. Rezultati dostupnih studija sugerišu da efekti zagrejavanja i toplotnih talasa, kao i niskih temepratura, utiču na morbiditet i učestalost hospitalizacija dece sa astmom. Ciljevi istraživanja bili su odrediti prevalenciju simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske, zatim odrediti uticaj zagađujućih materija životne sredine i klimatskih faktora na prevalenciju simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno u obliku studije preseka i obuhvatalo je 3000 dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina iz 13 osnovnih škola na teritoriji Republike Srpske. Prevalencija simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina određivala se putem upitnika Internacionalne studije za astmu i alergije kod dece (The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood – ISAAC). Ovaj upitnik dizajniran je za potrebe multicentrične studije o prevalenciji astme, alergijskog rinitisa i ekcema kod dece. Merenje kvaliteta vazduha obuhvatalo je sledeće parametre: sumpor dioksid SO2 (μg/m3), ugljen monoksid CO (mg/m3), azot dioksid NO2 (μg/m3), ozon O3 (μg/m3) i respirabilne čestice PM10 (μg/m3). Kontinuirana merenja komponenti zagađenosti vazduha vršila su se na meteorološkom opservatoriju gdje su se kontinuirano merili imisione koncentracije stacionarnim ekološkim laboratorijem. Merenja klimatskih faktora na stanicama Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda Republike Srpske vršila su se prema standardima Svetske meteorološke organizacije (WMO). Merenja su se vršila u okviru meteorološkog kruga koji se nalazi na otvorenom prostoru da bi se izbegao veštački uticaj okoline i u određenim terminima u zavisnosti od ranga stanice. Podaci su analizirani uz pomoć statističkog softvera IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Rezultati: Vizing u poslednjih 12 meseci imalo je 7,9% dece uključene u studiju. Dijagnozu astme ikada imalo je postavljeno 3,5% ispitanika. Statistički značajnu učestalost nedijagnostikovane astme imala su deca sa blažim simptomima astme u poslednjih 12 meseci. Suv kašalj noću bio registrovan je kod 14,8% ispitanika. Kod dečaka je bila značajno viša prevalencija vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci i suvog kašlja nego kod devojčica. Kod prevremeno rođene dece statistički značajno je viša prevalencija svih simptoma astme. Registrovana je i značajna relacija između pušenja među ukućanima i pojave vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci (χ2 (1, N=1956) = 5,13, p=0,02). Kod ispitanika čiji ukućani su pušači bila je viša prevalencija ovog simptoma (9,6%) u odnosu na decu čiji ukućani ne puše (6,7%). Pušenje majki u trudnoći statistički značajno je uticalo na prevalenciju svih simptoma astme kod dece. Koncentracija azot oksida i PM10 je statistički značajno povezana sa prevalencijom vizinga i suvog kašlja u poslednjih 12 meseci, dok je povezanost sa prevalencijom dijagnoze astme kod dece na margini statističke značajnosti. Koncentracija sumpor dioksida i ozona je statistički značajno povezana sa prevalencijom vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci. Prevalencija astme u planinskoj regiji je 7,3%, u umereno-kontinentalnoj regiji je 8,0% i mediteranskoj regiji 8,4%. Prosečna godišnja temperatura daje statistički značajan doprinos predviđanju pojave vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci među decom koja su ikada imali vizing u toku života. Sa porastom prosečne godišnje temperature za 1 stepen verovatnoća pojave vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci je 1,98 puta veća među decom koja su ikada imala vizing. Porast maksimalne prosečne dnevne temperature statistički značajno utiče na pojavu vizinga u toku života i suvog kašlja u poslednjih 12 meseci. Postoji statistički značajna povezanost između minimalne prosečne dnevne temperature i pojave vizinga toliko teškog da dete nije u mogućnosti izgovoriti nekoliko reči između dva udaha. Zaključak: Muški pol, rođenje pre termina, izloženost duvanskom dimu i pušenje majke tokom trudnoće predstavljaju statistički značajane rizike za razvoj astme kod deteta. Dečaci, deca mlađeg uzrasta, prevremeno rođena deca i deca hranjena mlečnim formulama u prvih 6 meseci života imaju statističi značajan rizik za razvoj suvog kašlja. Statistički značajnu povezanost sa prevalencijom astme kod dece imaju sledeće merene zagađujuće materije: SO2, O3, azot oksidi i PM10. Statistički značajnu povezanost sa prevalencijom astme kod dece ima porast prosečne godišnje temperature i više vrednosti maksimalne prosečne dnevne temperature. Introduction: Asthma аs a chronic diseases is a major health, social and economic problem worldwide. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and the most common cause of an increased number of hospitalizations in children under the age of 15 years. The results of previous studies show an increase in the prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in children in the last ten years. Epidemiological studies are important for understanding the nature of asthma, as well as for discovering of possible factors for the increasing trend of the prevalence of asthma in children. The difference in the geographical distribution of the prevalence of asthma symptoms within the same country suggests that environmental factors, rather than genetic factors may influence the distribution of the prevalence of asthma symptoms. Air pollution and climatic factors highlight as the most important environmental factors in the literature. Available studies indicate that there is a causal link between increased exposure to air pollution and acute respiratory symptoms. It is estimated that was a loss of 3.6 million years of life due to increased concentrations of respirable particles in Europe during 2000. year. Also, the recent recommendations of the World Health Organization strongly suggest reducing children's exposure to air pollutants. The results of the available studies suggest that the effects of warming and heat waves, as well as low temperatures, influence on the incidence of morbidity and hospitalization in children with asthma. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years on the territory of Republic of Srpska, to determine the impact of air pollutants and climatic factors on the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years on the territory of Republic of Srpska. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the form of cross-sectional study and included 3,000 children aged 6 to 15 years from 13 primary schools in Republic of Srpska. The prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years is determined through a questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC). This questionnaire has been designed for the needs of a multi-center study of the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in children. Measuring air quality included the following parameters: sulfur dioxide SO2 (mg/m3), carbon monoxide CO (mg/m3), nitrogen dioxide NO2 (mg/m3), ozone O3 (g/m3) and respirable particles PM10 (mg/m3). Air quality monitoring is performed using the meteorological observatory, where we continuously measured the emission concentration by a stationary ecological laboratory. Measurements of climate factors in stations of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Srpska were done according to the standards of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Measurements were made in certain periods depending on the station rank in the space of the meteorological circle which was located in the open space in order to avoid artificially influence the environment. Data were analyzed using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Results: The prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months was 7.9%, while the prevalence of diagnosed asthma ever was 3.5%. Children with symptoms of mild asthma in the past 12 months had statistically significant prevalence of undiagnosed asthma. A dry cough at night was registered in 14.8% of participants. Boys have significantly higher prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months and a dry cough than girls. Premature infants have significantly higher prevalence of all asthma symptoms. It was registered significant relationship between smoking among family members and the occurrence of wheezing in the past 12 months (χ2 (1, N = 1956) = 5.13, p = 0.02). Prevalence of these symptoms was higher for participants who lived with smokers (9.6%) compared to children whose family members do not smoke (6.7%). Maternal smoking during pregnancy significantly influenced the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children. The concentration of nitrogen oxides and PM10 was significantly associated with the prevalence of wheezing and dry cough in the past 12 months. The concentration of sulfur dioxide and ozone was significantly associated with the prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months. The prevalence of asthma in the highland climate regions was 7.3%, in the continental regions was 8.0% and 8.4% in the mediterranean regions. The average annual temperature gives a statistically significant contribution to predicting the occurrence of wheezing in the past 12 months among children who have ever had wheezing during their lifetime. The likelihood of wheezing in the past 12 months was 1.98 times higher for each degree of average annual temperature rise among children who ever had wheezing. The increase of average daily maximum temperature significantly affects the occurrence of wheezing ever and dry cough in the past 12 months. There is a statistically significant correlation between the average daily minimum temperature and the occurrence of severe wheezing that the child is not able to say a few words between breaths. Conclusion: Male gender, preterm birth, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and maternal smoking during pregnancy are a statistically significant risk for the development of asthma in children. Boys, younger children, premature babies and children formulas fed during first 6 months of life have a statistically significant risk for the development of a dry cough. Statistically significant association with the prevalence of asthma in children showed following air pollutants: SO2, O3, nitrogen oxides and PM10. Statistically significant association with the prevalence of asthma in children has rise of the average annual temperature and higher value of the maximum average daily temperature.
- Published
- 2016
41. Prevalencija simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske
- Author
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Domuz, Sanela, Petrović, Slobodanka, Zvezdin, Biljana, Živković, Zorica, Bijelović, Sanja, and Katanić, Dragan
- Subjects
astma ,deca ,adolescenti ,znaci i simptomi ,prevalenca ,respiratorni zvuci ,epidemiološke studije ,studije preseka ,zagađenje vazduha ,klima ,istraživanja i upitnici ,Asthma ,Child ,Adolescent ,Signs and Symptoms ,Prevalence ,Respiratory Sounds ,Epidemiologic Studies ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Air Pollution ,Climate ,Surveys and Questionnaires - Abstract
Увод: Астма као хронично оболење представља велики здравствени, социјални и економски проблем широм света Ово оболење једно је од најчешћих хроничних оболења код деце и најчешћи узрок повећаног броја хоспитализација код деце млађе од 15 година. Резултати досадашњих студија говоре у прилог пораста преваленције астме и алергијских болести код деце у последњих десетак година. Епидемиолошка испитивања су значајна за разумевање природе астме, као и откривања могућих фактора за тренд пораста учесталости астме код деце. Разлика у географској дистрибуцији учесталости симптома астме унутар исте земље сугерише да фактори средине, више него можда генетски фактори, утичу на дистрибуцију преваленције симптома астме. У литератури се као најзначајнији фактори средине истичу загађење животне средине и климатски фактора. Доступне студије показују да постоји узрочна повезаност између повећане изложености загађењу животне средине и акутних респираторних симптома. Процењено је да је у Европи током 2000. године дошло до губитка 3,6 милиона година живота услед повећања концентрације респирабилних честица. И новије препоруке Светске здравствене организације одлучно предлажу смањење изложености деце загађујућим материјама. Резултати доступних студија сугеришу да ефекти загрејавања и топлотних таласа, као и ниских темепратура, утичу на морбидитет и учесталост хоспитализација деце са астмом. Циљеви истраживања били су одредити преваленцију симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске, затим одредити утицај загађујућих материја животне средине и климатских фактора на преваленцију симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година на територији Републике Српске. Материјал и методе: Истраживање је проведено у облику студије пресека и обухватало је 3000 деце узраста од 6 до 15 година из 13 основних школа на територији Републике Српске. Преваленција симптома астме код деце узраста од 6 до 15 година одређивала се путем упитника Интернационалне студије за астму и алергије код деце (The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood – ISAAC). Овај упитник дизајниран је за потребе мултицентричне студије о преваленцији астме, алергијског ринитиса и екцема код деце. Мерење квалитета ваздуха обухватало је следеће параметре: сумпoр диoксид SO2 (μg/m3), угљен мoнoксид CO (mg/m3), азот диоксид NO2 (μg/m3), oзoн O3 (μg/m3) и респирабилне честице PM10 (μg/m3). Континуирана мерења компоненти загађености ваздуха вршила су се на метеоролошком опсерваторију гдје су се континуирано мерили имисионе концентрације стационарним еколошким лабораторијем. Мерења климатских фактора на станицама Републичког хидрометеоролошког завода Републике Српске вршила су се према стандардима Светске метеоролошке организације (WMO). Мерења су се вршила у оквиру метеорoлошког круга који се налази на отвореном простору да би се избегао вештачки утицај околине и у одређеним терминима у зависности од ранга станице. Подаци су анализирани уз помоћ статистичког софтвера IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Резултати: Визинг у последњих 12 месеци имало је 7,9% деце укључене у студију. Дијагнозу астме икада имало је постављено 3,5% испитаника. Статистички значајну учесталост недијагностиковане астме имала су деца са блажим симптомима астме у последњих 12 месеци. Сув кашаљ ноћу био регистрован је код 14,8% испитаника. Код дечака је била значајно виша преваленција визинга у последњих 12 месеци и сувог кашља него код девојчица. Код превремено рођене деце статистички значајно је виша преваленција свих симптома астме. Регистрована је и значајна релација између пушења међу укућанима и појаве визинга у последњих 12 месеци (χ2 (1, N=1956) = 5,13, p=0,02). Код испитаника чији укућани су пушачи била је виша преваленција овог симптома (9,6%) у односу на децу чији укућани не пуше (6,7%). Пушење мајки у трудноћи статистички значајно је утицало на преваленцију свих симптома астме код деце. Концентрација азот оксида и PM10 је статистички значајно повезана са преваленцијом визинга и сувог кашља у последњих 12 месеци, док је повезаност са преваленцијом дијагнозе астме код деце на маргини статистичке значајности. Концентрација сумпор диоксида и озона је статистички значајно повезана са преваленцијом визинга у последњих 12 месеци. Преваленција астме у планинској регији је 7,3%, у умерено-континенталној регији је 8,0% и медитеранској регији 8,4%. Просечна годишња температура даје статистички значајан допринос предвиђању појаве визинга у последњих 12 месеци међу децом која су икада имали визинг у току живота. Са порастом просечне годишње температуре за 1 степен вероватноћа појаве визинга у последњих 12 месеци је 1,98 пута већа међу децом која су икада имала визинг. Пораст максималне просечне дневне температуре статистички значајно утиче на појаву визинга у току живота и сувог кашља у последњих 12 месеци. Постоји статистички значајна повезаност између минималне просечне дневне температуре и појаве визинга толико тешког да дете није у могућности изговорити неколико речи између два удаха. Закључак: Мушки пол, рођење пре термина, изложеност дуванском диму и пушење мајке током трудноће представљају статистички значајане ризике за развој астме код детета. Дечаци, деца млађег узраста, превремено рођена деца и деца храњена млечним формулама у првих 6 месеци живота имају статистичи значајан ризик за развој сувог кашља. Статистички значајну повезаност са преваленцијом астме код деце имају следеће мерене загађујуће материје: SO2, O3, азот оксиди и PM10. Статистички значајну повезаност са преваленцијом астме код деце има пораст просечне годишње температуре и више вредности максималне просечне дневне температуре., Uvod: Astma kao hronično obolenje predstavlja veliki zdravstveni, socijalni i ekonomski problem širom sveta Ovo obolenje jedno je od najčešćih hroničnih obolenja kod dece i najčešći uzrok povećanog broja hospitalizacija kod dece mlađe od 15 godina. Rezultati dosadašnjih studija govore u prilog porasta prevalencije astme i alergijskih bolesti kod dece u poslednjih desetak godina. Epidemiološka ispitivanja su značajna za razumevanje prirode astme, kao i otkrivanja mogućih faktora za trend porasta učestalosti astme kod dece. Razlika u geografskoj distribuciji učestalosti simptoma astme unutar iste zemlje sugeriše da faktori sredine, više nego možda genetski faktori, utiču na distribuciju prevalencije simptoma astme. U literaturi se kao najznačajniji faktori sredine ističu zagađenje životne sredine i klimatski faktora. Dostupne studije pokazuju da postoji uzročna povezanost između povećane izloženosti zagađenju životne sredine i akutnih respiratornih simptoma. Procenjeno je da je u Evropi tokom 2000. godine došlo do gubitka 3,6 miliona godina života usled povećanja koncentracije respirabilnih čestica. I novije preporuke Svetske zdravstvene organizacije odlučno predlažu smanjenje izloženosti dece zagađujućim materijama. Rezultati dostupnih studija sugerišu da efekti zagrejavanja i toplotnih talasa, kao i niskih temepratura, utiču na morbiditet i učestalost hospitalizacija dece sa astmom. Ciljevi istraživanja bili su odrediti prevalenciju simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske, zatim odrediti uticaj zagađujućih materija životne sredine i klimatskih faktora na prevalenciju simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina na teritoriji Republike Srpske. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno u obliku studije preseka i obuhvatalo je 3000 dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina iz 13 osnovnih škola na teritoriji Republike Srpske. Prevalencija simptoma astme kod dece uzrasta od 6 do 15 godina određivala se putem upitnika Internacionalne studije za astmu i alergije kod dece (The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood – ISAAC). Ovaj upitnik dizajniran je za potrebe multicentrične studije o prevalenciji astme, alergijskog rinitisa i ekcema kod dece. Merenje kvaliteta vazduha obuhvatalo je sledeće parametre: sumpor dioksid SO2 (μg/m3), ugljen monoksid CO (mg/m3), azot dioksid NO2 (μg/m3), ozon O3 (μg/m3) i respirabilne čestice PM10 (μg/m3). Kontinuirana merenja komponenti zagađenosti vazduha vršila su se na meteorološkom opservatoriju gdje su se kontinuirano merili imisione koncentracije stacionarnim ekološkim laboratorijem. Merenja klimatskih faktora na stanicama Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda Republike Srpske vršila su se prema standardima Svetske meteorološke organizacije (WMO). Merenja su se vršila u okviru meteorološkog kruga koji se nalazi na otvorenom prostoru da bi se izbegao veštački uticaj okoline i u određenim terminima u zavisnosti od ranga stanice. Podaci su analizirani uz pomoć statističkog softvera IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Rezultati: Vizing u poslednjih 12 meseci imalo je 7,9% dece uključene u studiju. Dijagnozu astme ikada imalo je postavljeno 3,5% ispitanika. Statistički značajnu učestalost nedijagnostikovane astme imala su deca sa blažim simptomima astme u poslednjih 12 meseci. Suv kašalj noću bio registrovan je kod 14,8% ispitanika. Kod dečaka je bila značajno viša prevalencija vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci i suvog kašlja nego kod devojčica. Kod prevremeno rođene dece statistički značajno je viša prevalencija svih simptoma astme. Registrovana je i značajna relacija između pušenja među ukućanima i pojave vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci (χ2 (1, N=1956) = 5,13, p=0,02). Kod ispitanika čiji ukućani su pušači bila je viša prevalencija ovog simptoma (9,6%) u odnosu na decu čiji ukućani ne puše (6,7%). Pušenje majki u trudnoći statistički značajno je uticalo na prevalenciju svih simptoma astme kod dece. Koncentracija azot oksida i PM10 je statistički značajno povezana sa prevalencijom vizinga i suvog kašlja u poslednjih 12 meseci, dok je povezanost sa prevalencijom dijagnoze astme kod dece na margini statističke značajnosti. Koncentracija sumpor dioksida i ozona je statistički značajno povezana sa prevalencijom vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci. Prevalencija astme u planinskoj regiji je 7,3%, u umereno-kontinentalnoj regiji je 8,0% i mediteranskoj regiji 8,4%. Prosečna godišnja temperatura daje statistički značajan doprinos predviđanju pojave vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci među decom koja su ikada imali vizing u toku života. Sa porastom prosečne godišnje temperature za 1 stepen verovatnoća pojave vizinga u poslednjih 12 meseci je 1,98 puta veća među decom koja su ikada imala vizing. Porast maksimalne prosečne dnevne temperature statistički značajno utiče na pojavu vizinga u toku života i suvog kašlja u poslednjih 12 meseci. Postoji statistički značajna povezanost između minimalne prosečne dnevne temperature i pojave vizinga toliko teškog da dete nije u mogućnosti izgovoriti nekoliko reči između dva udaha. Zaključak: Muški pol, rođenje pre termina, izloženost duvanskom dimu i pušenje majke tokom trudnoće predstavljaju statistički značajane rizike za razvoj astme kod deteta. Dečaci, deca mlađeg uzrasta, prevremeno rođena deca i deca hranjena mlečnim formulama u prvih 6 meseci života imaju statističi značajan rizik za razvoj suvog kašlja. Statistički značajnu povezanost sa prevalencijom astme kod dece imaju sledeće merene zagađujuće materije: SO2, O3, azot oksidi i PM10. Statistički značajnu povezanost sa prevalencijom astme kod dece ima porast prosečne godišnje temperature i više vrednosti maksimalne prosečne dnevne temperature., Introduction: Asthma аs a chronic diseases is a major health, social and economic problem worldwide. It is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and the most common cause of an increased number of hospitalizations in children under the age of 15 years. The results of previous studies show an increase in the prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in children in the last ten years. Epidemiological studies are important for understanding the nature of asthma, as well as for discovering of possible factors for the increasing trend of the prevalence of asthma in children. The difference in the geographical distribution of the prevalence of asthma symptoms within the same country suggests that environmental factors, rather than genetic factors may influence the distribution of the prevalence of asthma symptoms. Air pollution and climatic factors highlight as the most important environmental factors in the literature. Available studies indicate that there is a causal link between increased exposure to air pollution and acute respiratory symptoms. It is estimated that was a loss of 3.6 million years of life due to increased concentrations of respirable particles in Europe during 2000. year. Also, the recent recommendations of the World Health Organization strongly suggest reducing children's exposure to air pollutants. The results of the available studies suggest that the effects of warming and heat waves, as well as low temperatures, influence on the incidence of morbidity and hospitalization in children with asthma. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years on the territory of Republic of Srpska, to determine the impact of air pollutants and climatic factors on the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years on the territory of Republic of Srpska. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the form of cross-sectional study and included 3,000 children aged 6 to 15 years from 13 primary schools in Republic of Srpska. The prevalence of asthma symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years is determined through a questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC). This questionnaire has been designed for the needs of a multi-center study of the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in children. Measuring air quality included the following parameters: sulfur dioxide SO2 (mg/m3), carbon monoxide CO (mg/m3), nitrogen dioxide NO2 (mg/m3), ozone O3 (g/m3) and respirable particles PM10 (mg/m3). Air quality monitoring is performed using the meteorological observatory, where we continuously measured the emission concentration by a stationary ecological laboratory. Measurements of climate factors in stations of the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Srpska were done according to the standards of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Measurements were made in certain periods depending on the station rank in the space of the meteorological circle which was located in the open space in order to avoid artificially influence the environment. Data were analyzed using statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Results: The prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months was 7.9%, while the prevalence of diagnosed asthma ever was 3.5%. Children with symptoms of mild asthma in the past 12 months had statistically significant prevalence of undiagnosed asthma. A dry cough at night was registered in 14.8% of participants. Boys have significantly higher prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months and a dry cough than girls. Premature infants have significantly higher prevalence of all asthma symptoms. It was registered significant relationship between smoking among family members and the occurrence of wheezing in the past 12 months (χ2 (1, N = 1956) = 5.13, p = 0.02). Prevalence of these symptoms was higher for participants who lived with smokers (9.6%) compared to children whose family members do not smoke (6.7%). Maternal smoking during pregnancy significantly influenced the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children. The concentration of nitrogen oxides and PM10 was significantly associated with the prevalence of wheezing and dry cough in the past 12 months. The concentration of sulfur dioxide and ozone was significantly associated with the prevalence of wheezing in the past 12 months. The prevalence of asthma in the highland climate regions was 7.3%, in the continental regions was 8.0% and 8.4% in the mediterranean regions. The average annual temperature gives a statistically significant contribution to predicting the occurrence of wheezing in the past 12 months among children who have ever had wheezing during their lifetime. The likelihood of wheezing in the past 12 months was 1.98 times higher for each degree of average annual temperature rise among children who ever had wheezing. The increase of average daily maximum temperature significantly affects the occurrence of wheezing ever and dry cough in the past 12 months. There is a statistically significant correlation between the average daily minimum temperature and the occurrence of severe wheezing that the child is not able to say a few words between breaths. Conclusion: Male gender, preterm birth, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and maternal smoking during pregnancy are a statistically significant risk for the development of asthma in children. Boys, younger children, premature babies and children formulas fed during first 6 months of life have a statistically significant risk for the development of a dry cough. Statistically significant association with the prevalence of asthma in children showed following air pollutants: SO2, O3, nitrogen oxides and PM10. Statistically significant association with the prevalence of asthma in children has rise of the average annual temperature and higher value of the maximum average daily temperature.
- Published
- 2016
42. Water, sanitation, and hygiene services in health care facilities in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia.
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Bijelović S, Grossi V, Shinee E, Schmoll O, Jovanović D, Paunović K, Dragić N, and Velicki R
- Subjects
- Delivery of Health Care, Hygiene, Serbia, Yugoslavia, Sanitation, Water Supply
- Abstract
Provision of safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in health care facilities is a priority at the global, national, and local levels. To inform improvements planning, conditions of WASH, waste management, and environmental cleaning were assessed in 81 facilities in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia, as part of a nationally representative survey in 2019. The survey included on-site checks, structured interviews, and drinking-water quality analysis. WHO/UNICEF indicators for WASH service levels and an advanced service level defined at the national level were applied. The results showed that all investigated facilities provided basic water services; 94% of facilities provided basic hygiene and waste management services; 58 and 2%, respectively, provided basic cleaning and sanitation services. Only 1% of investigated facilities met the basic level for all five WASH dimensions. Advanced service levels were only met for hygiene, waste management, and/or cleaning in 15-38% of facilities. In 33% of health care facilities, drinking-water quality was not in compliance with the national standards. The results revealed that there is a need for increased awareness and efforts to ensure basic provisions for sanitation, environmental cleaning, and drinking-water safety.
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- 2022
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43. Salt Content in Ready-to-Eat Food and Bottled Spring and Mineral Water Retailed in Novi Sad.
- Author
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Paplović LB, Popović MB, Bijelović SV, Velicki RS, and Torović LD
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- Adult, Humans, Hypertension prevention & control, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Risk Factors, Serbia, Sodium adverse effects, Sodium Chloride, Dietary adverse effects, Sodium, Dietary analysis, Stroke prevention & control, Food Analysis, Mineral Waters analysis, Sodium analysis, Sodium Chloride, Dietary analysis
- Abstract
Introduction: Salt intake above 5 g/person/day is a strong independent risk factor for hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular diseases. Published studies indicate that the main source of salt in human diet is processed ready-to-eat food, contributing with 65-85% to daily salt intake., Objective: The aim of this paper was to present data on salt content of ready-to-eat food retailed in Novi Sad, Serbia, and contribution of the salt contained in 100 g of food to the recommended daily intake of salt for healthy and persons with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk., Methods: In 1,069 samples of ready-to-eat food, salt (sodium chloride) content was calculated based on chloride ion determined by titrimetric method, while in 54 samples of bottled water sodium content was determined using flame-photometry. Food items in each food group were categorized as low, medium or high salt. Average salt content of each food group was expressed as a percentage of recommended daily intake for healthy and for persons with CVD risk., Results: Average salt content (g/100 g) ranged from 0.36 ± 0.48 (breakfast cereals) to 2.32 ± 1.02 (grilled meat). The vast majority of the samples of sandwiches (91.7%), pizza (80.7%), salami (73.9%), sausages (72.9%), grilled meat (70.0%) and hard cheese (69.6%) had a high salt profile. Average amount of salt contained in 100 g of food participated with levels ranging from 7.2% (breakfast cereals) to 46.4% (grilled meat) and from 9.6% to 61.8% in the recommended daily intake for healthy adult and person with CVD risk, respectively. Average sodium content in 100 ml of bottled spring and mineral water was 0.33 ± 0.30 mg and 33 ± 44 mg, respectively., Conclusion: Ready-to-eat food retailed in Novi Sad has high hidden salt content, which could be considered as an important contributor to relatively high salt consumption of its inhabitants.
- Published
- 2015
44. Analysis of salt content in meals in kindergarten facilities in Novi Sad.
- Author
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Trajković-Pavlović L, Martinov-Cvejin M, Novaković B, Bijelović S, and Torović L
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Energy Intake, Food Services, Humans, Serbia, Food Analysis, Schools, Sodium Chloride, Dietary analysis
- Abstract
Introduction: Investigations have brought evidence that salt intake is positively related to systolic blood pressure and that children with higher blood pressure are more susceptible to hypertension in adulthood. In developed countries the main source of salt is processed food., Objective: The aim of this paper was to determine total sodium chloride (NaCl) in average daily meal (breakfast, snack and dinner) and in each of three meals children receive in kindergarten., Methods: From kindergarten, in the meal time, 88 samples of daily meals (breakfast, snacks and dinner) offered to children aged 4-6 years were taken. Standardized laboratory methods were applied to determine proteins, fats, ash and water in order to calculate energy value of meal. The titrimetric method with AgNO3, and K2CrO4 as indicator, was applied in order to determine chloride ion. Content of NaCl was calculated as %NaCl = mlAgNO3 x 0.05844 x 5 x 100/g tested portion. NaCl content in total daily meal and each meal and in 100 kcal of each meal was calculated using descriptive statistical method. Student's t-test was applied to determine statistical differences of NaCl amount among meals., Results: NaCl content in average daily meal was 5.2 +/- 1.7 g (CV 31.7%), in breakfast 1.5 +/- 0.6 g (CV 37.5%), in dinner 3.5 +/- 1.6 g (CV 46.1%) and in snack 0.3 +/- 0.4 g (CV 163.3%). NaCl content per 100 kcal of breakfast was 0.4 +/- 0.1 g (CV 29.5%), dinner 0.7 +/- 0.2 g (CV 27.8%) and snack 0.13 +/- 0.19 g (CV 145.8%). The difference of NaCl content among meals was statistically significant (p < 0.01)., Conclusion: Children in kindergarten, through three meals, received NaCl in a quantity that exceeded internationally established population nutrient goal for daily salt intake. The main source of NaCl was dinner, a meal that is cooked at place.
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- 2010
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45. [Health and environment].
- Author
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Novaković B, Kristoforović-Ilić M, Trajković-Pavlović L, Torović L, Jevtić M, Bijelović S, Balać D, Bjelanović J, and Popović M
- Subjects
- Health Promotion, Humans, Preventive Medicine, Yugoslavia, Environmental Health, Public Health Practice
- Abstract
Introduction: The Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, is responsible for undergraduate and graduate courses in the field of preventive medicine. The principal task of physicians in the 21st century is to provide health promotion and desease prevention. In the future, evaluation of physician knowledge and competence will be predominantly based on patients' health conditions., Health and Environment: Human health is a result of long-term interaction between human genome and the environment. Good human health requires permanent control of health conditions as well as control of environmental health hazards. Various environmental factors, such as physical, chemical, biological, social and economic, affect the population health. Air, drinking water and food are fundamental to the existence of life of all living beings on Earth, and therefore they have enormous influence on the health of individuals and populations., Conclusion: The significance of the above mentioned requirements, essential for human health, is the reason why the Department of Hygiene conducted an investigation on the quality of air, food and water (water is a foodstuff as well) in Vojvodina.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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