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159 results on '"Bigoni, F."'

5. Multidirectional chromosome painting reveals a remarkable syntenic homology between the greater galagos and the slow loris

Author

Stanyon, R., Dumas, F., Stone, G., and Bigoni, F.

Subjects
Chromosomes -- Research, Primates -- Genetic aspects, Molecular genetics -- Research, Anthropology/archeology/folklore, Biological sciences, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The first reciprocal chromosome painting of lorisoids and humans show a remarkable syntenic homology between Otolemur and Nycticebus. Eight derived syntenic associations of human segments are common to both, indicative of a considerable period of common evolution between the greater galago and the slow loris.

Published
2006

10. Fluorescence in situ hybridization establishes homology between human and silvered leaf monkey chromosomes, reveals reciprocal translocations between chromosomes X1X2Y1Y2/X1X1X2X2 sex-chromosome system

Author

Bigoni, F., Koehler, U., Stanyon, R., Ishida, T., and Wienberg, J.

Subjects
In situ hybridization -- Usage, Homology (Biology) -- Research, Chromosomes -- Research, Translocation (Genetics) -- Research, Anthropology/archeology/folklore
Abstract

We employed in situ hybridization of chromosome-specific DNA probes ('chromosome painting') of all human chromosomes to establish homologies between the human and the silvered lead monkey karyotypes (Presbytis cristata 2n=44). The 24 human paints gave 30 signals on the haploid female chromosome set and 34 signals on the haploid male chromosome set. This difference is due to a reciprocal translocation between the Y and an autosome homologous to human chromosome 5. This Y/autosome reciprocal translocation which is unique among catarrhine primates has produced a [X.sub.1][X.sub.2][Y.sub.1][Y.sub.2]/[X.sub.1][X.sub.1][X.sub.2][X.sub.2] sex-chromosome system. Although most human syntenic groups have been maintained in the silvered leaf monkey chromosomes homologous to human chromosomes 14 and 15, 21 and 22 have experienced Robertsonian fusions. Further, the multiple FISH signals provided by libraries to human chromosomes 1/9, 6/16 indicate that these chromosomes have been split by reciprocal translocations. G-banding analysis shows three different forms of chromosome 1 ([X.sub.2]) which differ by a complex series of inversions in the 10 individuals karyotyped. Comparisons with the hybridization patterns in hylobatids (gibbons and siamang) demonstrate that resemblances in chromosomal morphology and banding previously taken to indicate a special phylogenetic relationship between gibbons and colobines are due to convergence. KEY WORDS Presbytis cristata; catarrhine; primate; chromosome painting; polymorphism; evolution; speciation

Published
1997

11. Molecular and classical cytogenetic analyses demonstrate an apomorphic reciprocal choromosomal translocation in Gorilla gorilla

Author

Stanyon, R., Wienberg, J., Romagno, D., Bigoni, F., Jauch, A., and Cremer, T.

Subjects
Gorillas -- Genetic aspects, Translocation (Genetics) -- Analysis, Chromosome abnormalities -- Analysis, Human evolution -- Genetic aspects, Anthropology/archeology/folklore
Abstract

The existence of an apomorphic reciprocal chromosomal translocation in the gorilla lineage has been asserted or denied by various cytogeneticists. We employed a new molecular cytogenetic strategy (chromosomal in situ suppression hybridization) combined with high-resolution banding, replication sequence analysis, and fluorochrome staining to demonstrate that a reciprocal translocation between ancestral chromosomes homologous to human chromosome 5 and 17 has indeed occurred.

Published
1992

12. Timbre Discrimination for Brief Instrument Sounds

Author

Bigoni, F. and Eva Sofia Dahl

Abstract

Timbre discrimination, even for very brief sounds, allows identification and separation of different sound sources. The existing literature on the effect of duration on timbre recognition shows high performance for remarkably short time window lengths, but does not address the possible ef- fect of musical training. In this study, we applied an adap- tive procedure to investigate the effect of musical training on individual thresholds for instrument identification. A timbre discrimination task consisting of a 4-alternative for- ced choice (4AFC) of brief instrument sounds with varying duration was assigned to 16 test subjects using an adaptive staircase method. The effect of musical training has been investigated by dividing the participants into two groups: musicians and non-musicians. The experiment showed lo- west thresholds for the guitar sound and highest for the violin sound, with a high overall performance level, but no significant difference between the two groups. It is sug- gested that the test subjects adjust the weightings of the perceptual dimensions of timbre according to different de- grees of acoustic degradation of the stimuli, which are eva- luated both by plotting extracted audio features in a fea- ture space and by considering the timbral specificities of the four instruments.

Published
2018
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19. Chromosome painting shows that the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) has a derived karyotype and is phylogenetically nested within Asian colobines

Author

Bigoni,F., Wimmer,R., Schempp, W., and Stanyon, R.

Subjects
Anthropology/archeology/folklore, Biological sciences, Health, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Research has revealed that the Nasalis is nested within Asian colobines and shares a period of common descent with other colobines after divergence of pygathrix. Results confirm that the diploid number larvatus is unique among colobines

Published
2003

32. Nato con la camicia. Nascita, placentofagia e socialità in una delle specie più vicine all’uomo: il bonobo

Author

Demuru, E., Coppola, F., Dall'Olio, S., Bigoni, F., and Palagi, Elisabetta

Subjects
social behaviour, primiparous female, placenta sharing, Pan paniscus, delivery
Abstract

Birth in non-human primates has been described in several species but there is an almost total lack of data about the reactions of other group members towards the mother and the newborn. This report describes a delivery by a member (hereafter "the mother") of a captive group of bono- bos (Pan paniscus) hosted at Apenheul Primate Park (The Netherlands). Three observers followed the group: one of them collected data on the mother, named Kumbuka, via focal animal sampling, the second registered the identities and behaviours of group members that were in proximity of the mother, and the third observer video-recorded the delivery. The mother performed the characteristic squatting posture during contractions, touched her vaginal area, moved her hands from her vagina to her mouth and licked her fingers. Four females (two adult, one juvenile, and one infant) were extremely interested in the mother: they followed and frequently touched her. Males and one other pregnant female never approached the mother before birth took place. We also observed the consumption of the placenta, which was shared among group members. Although the other pregnant female was one of the most important females in the group, she was never seen in proximity of the mother and she neither asked for the placenta nor received it. The costant presence of placentophagy in mammals, its apparent scarsity in apes and its absence or extreme rarity in human primates, provoke fascinating questions on the reasons and origins of this disparity.

Published
2011

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