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Key to the species of D. tricolor mimetic complex Several species in different beetle families from the Atlantic Forest biome in Brazil show a similar colour pattern with a black body and elytra, a pronotum with orange lateral margins, and white to orangish elytral spots (Fig. 17). This identification key distinguishes cantharid species with such a colour pattern, as well as similar species with entirely black elytra. Included in the key is the cantharid species Chauliognathus fenestratus (Perty, 1830) (Fig. 17A) which, despite belonging to a different subfamily (Chauliognathinae), is sympatric and may easily be confounded with species of D. tricolor mimetic complex. 1. Fronto-clypeal suture distinct; anterior and lateral margins of pronotum broadly arched; tibial spurs absent; tarsal claws always simple; last ventrite broad and strongly convex in males and flat and with a median parallel-sided notch in females (Chauliognathinae, Chauliognathus).......................................................................................................................... Chauliognathus fenestratus (Perty, 1830) – Fronto-clypeal suture indistinct; lateral margins of pronotum slightly sinuous, males with a notch at posterior third (Figs 7–8); tibial spurs present (Fig. 9L); anterior prothoracic tarsal claws lobed basally (Fig. 9A–K), posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at the apex; last ventrite deeply divided into two halves in males (Fig. 10), and entire, sometimes with median projections in females (Fig. 15) (Silinae, Discodon)........................................................... 2 2. Elytra with white or yellowish spots................................................................................................ 3 – Elytra entirely black........................................................................................................................ 12 3. Elytra with small and weakly defined rounded spots, legs reddish brown (Fig. 4D, F)............................................................................................................................................ D. testaceipes Pic, 1930 – Elytral spots large, legs entirely black.............................................................................................. 4 4. Antennae mostly black with some antennomeres clearer, or antennae mostly testaceous to light brown................................................................................................................................................ 5 – Antennae entirely dark brown or black............................................................................................ 7 5. Males: lobe of protarsal claws sinuate (Fig. 9A–D); aedeagus: ventral wall of tegmen short and broad, distal margin with two rounded lobes and a median notch (Fig. 11). Females: distal margin of last ventrite sinuate, with short median projection (Fig. 15A–C)..................................................... 6 – Males: lobe of protarsal claws broadly rounded (Fig. 9J); aedeagus (Fig. 13D–F): ventral wall of tegmen elongate, distal margin slightly concave medially. Females: distal margin of last ventrite broadly arched, without projections or notches (Fig. 15J)..................... D. viridimontanum sp. nov. 6. Antennae mostly pale yellow to testaceous brown, except antennomere I or I and II. Males: lobe of protarsal claws slightly sinuate (Fig. 9A); aedeagus (Fig. 11A): ventral wall of tegmen longer, median lobe with a narrow central sclerite. Females: last ventrite with distal margin almost straight, with a slight median projection (Fig. 15A).............................. D. tricolor (Guérin-Méneville, 1832) – Antennae with last two or three antennomeres orange to light brown. Males: lobe of protarsal claws with a distinctly projecting lobule (Fig. 9C); aedeagus (Fig. 11G–I): ventral wall of tegmen less distinctly narrowed laterally, central sclerite of median lobe broader. Females: last ventrite with distal margin sinuate (Fig. 15C)............................................................................. D. vanini sp. nov. 7. Elytra with weakly defined costae, more visible anteriorly (Fig. 3D); elytral spots rounded, dark yellow to orangish; antennae without lines............................................. D. aurimaculatum sp. nov. – Elytra smooth, without costae; elytral spots variable; antennae with or without lines..................... 8 8. Pronotum black with dark reddish-brown markings at the angles (Fig. 7G)............................................................................................................................................................ D. marginicolle sp. nov. – Pronotum with a broad longitudinal black band with irregular yellow and orange markings at the sides.................................................................................................................................................. 9 9. Pronotum distinctly narrower than humeri, about 1.3 times as wide as long (Fig. 7K). Males: hind leg strongly modified, coxa with unciform projection, femur swollen and tibia flattened distally (Fig. 9L); antennomeres VIII–XI with antennal lines (Fig. 6K); lobe of protarsal claws with broadly rounded margin (Fig. 9K); last ventrite broad, inner margins of halves notched, divergent, exposing the aedeagus (Fig. 10K); aedeagus with ventral wall of tegmen with a long median projection (Fig. 13G–J) ............................................................................................. D. crassipes Wittmer, 1952 – Pronotum wider, nearly or as wide as humeri. Males: hind leg slender, not modified; antennomeres with or without antennal lines......................................................................................................... 10 10. Elytral spots somewhat triangular, elongate, extending anteriorly and posteriorly (Fig. 3A). Males: antennomeres without antennal lines (Fig. 6B); lobe of protarsal claws with sinuate margin (Fig. 9B); last ventrite elongate, inner margins of halves nearly parallel (Fig. 10B); aedeagus with ventral wall of tegmen short and broad, distal margin with a pair of rounded lobes and a median incision (Fig. 11D–F). Females: distal margin of last ventrite sinuous, with a short projection medially (Fig. 15B).................................................................................................... D. neoteutonum sp. nov. – Elytral spots smaller and rounder. Males: antennomeres with or without antennal lines; aedeagus elongate, distal margin of ventral wall of tegmen greatly projected. Females: distal margin of last ventrite with a pair of projections and a median V- ou U-shaped incision (Fig. 15E–F, H–I)........11 11. Males: antennomeres without antennal lines (Fig. 6I); last ventrite elongate, distal margins of halves truncate, inner margins broadly separated, exposing part of aedeagus and meeting distally (Fig. 10I); aedeagus: distal margin of ventral wall of tegmen triangular, with an acute apex (Fig. 13A–C). Females: distal margin of last ventrite with two short projections and a median V-shaped notch (Fig. 15I)................................................................................................................ D. tamoio sp. nov. – Males: antennomeres IX–XI with antennal lines (Fig. 6E); last ventrite broad, distal margins of halves rounded, inner margins almost parallel (Fig. 10E); aedeagus: distal margin of ventral wall of tegmen with a pair of short and truncate projections, and a very long and curved median projection (Fig. 12A–C). Females: distal margin of last ventrite with two long projections and a median U-shaped notch (Fig. 15E)............................................................................ D. lineaticorne sp. nov. 12. Antennae mostly orangish to light brown; head much narrower than pronotum, eyes prominent.............................................................................................................................................................. 13 – Antennae dark brown to black; head broad, nearly as wide as the pronotum (Fig. 5E–F); eyes not prominent.............................................................................................. D. nigrocephalum Pic, 1949 13. Elytra narrower, nearly parallel, with weakly defined costulae (Fig. 5D); pronotum transverse, anterior margin nearly straight (Fig. 7H); antennae black at the base, clearing towards the apex; aedeagus elongate, distal margin of ventral wall of tegmen with a flat median projection and lateral sinuous lobes (Fig. 12J–M). Females: distal margin of last ventrite with two long projections and a median U-shaped notch (Fig. 15H).......................................................... D. tenuecostatum sp. nov. – Elytra wider, rough, without weakly defined costulae (Fig. 5A); pronotum with anterior and lateral margins broadly arched (Fig. 7D); antennae mostly light brown to orangish; aedeagus short, distal margin of ventral wall of tegmen with a median incision (Fig. 11J–L). Females: last ventrite short, distal margin sinuous, not strongly projected posteriorly (Fig. 15D).......................................................................................................................................................... D. obscurior Pic, 1906 stat. nov., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 181-183, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1930. Malacodermes exotiques (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 46 (440, hors-texte): 81 - 85.","Wittmer W. 1952. 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der neotropischen Malacodermata (Coleoptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 2: 197 - 205.","Pic M. 1949. Coleopteres du Globe (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 65 (516): 5 - 8.","Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022]."]}

Discodon crassipes Wittmer, 1952 Figs 4B–C, 6K, 7K, 9K–L, 10K, 13G–J Discodon (Acanthodiscodon) crassipes Wittmer, 1952: 200. Discodon (Acanthodiscodon) crassipes – Delkeskamp 1977: 260 (catalogue). Diagnosis Species readily distinguished by the strong modifications on the metathoracic legs (Figs 4B, 9L), the shape of the pronotum (Fig. 7K), ventrite VII of the male (Fig. 10K) and the aedeagus (Fig. 13G–J). Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; [Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da] Serra dos Órgãos; 1200 m a.s.l.; 5 Feb. 1952; NHMB CANTH00019527 (Fig. 4B–C). Paratype BRAZIL • ♂; same collection data as for holotype; NHMB. Other material examined (1 specimen) BRAZIL • 1 ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis; 13–16 Dec. 1957; Seabra and Alvarenga leg.; DZUP 376213. Re-description Body length: 13.0 mm. Coloration (Fig. 4B): head black, lustrous, except in lateral corners of clypeus, orangish; mandibles testaceous at base, gradually darker apicad; maxillary and labial palpi black, light brown at apex of last palpomeres; antennae entirely black. Pronotum (Fig. 7K) lustrous, partly translucent, with broad irregular dark brown to black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and near posterior margin, and narrower near anterior half; background pale yellow with diffuse orange patches. Scutellum and elytra dark brown to black, slightly lustrous; at mid-length of each elytron, long, irregular yellow to orangish spot extending from lateral borders to suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen dark brown to black, tarsal claws brown. Male (Fig. 4B) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short, vertex flat, occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with median incision. Eyes large, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6K) long, distinctly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres III–IX slightly narrowing proximally, sub-serrate; antennomeres VIII–XI with longitudinal lines dorsally. Pronotum (Fig. 7K) wide, about 1.3 times as wide as long; anterior margin and anterior angles arched; lateral margins nearly parallel anteriorly, with rounded lobe, followed by deep notch at posterior third and broadly rounded lobe posteriorly; anterior, posterior and lateral margins elevated; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow and black setae. Elytra very long, each elytron 5.5 times as long as wide, almost parallel; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; fore leg slender; mid femur slightly arcuate at base and swollen at apex, mid tibia curved at apex; hind leg (Fig. 9L) strongly modified, coxa with strong unciform projection, trochanter oblong, femur strongly curved and swollen, narrower proximally, tibia widened and flattened distally; all tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9K) broadly lobed basally, lobe with very broad rounded margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, especially at middle of the ventrites, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI notched at posterior margin, U-shaped; ventrite VII (Fig. 10K) strongly notched at inner margins, exposing part of aedeagus, inside densely covered with thick and long yellow setae, brush-like, outer margins arched posteriorly, apical margins acute, with tip directed internally. Aedeagus (Fig. 13G– J) partly exposed between halves of ventrite VII; ventral wall of tegmen short and broad, with elongate central projection curved dorsally; lateral margins of ventral wall rounded and divergent, with long and thick setae on distal margin and inside; central projection parallel and with a pair of longitudinal ridges proximally, and widened, flattened, with small triangular spine distally, apex with longitudinal slit; parameres short and stout, apex truncate; median lobe short, membranous, with a pair of strong triangular dorsal sclerites and brush-like projections laterally and ventrally. Female Unknown. Distribution Brazil (Rio de Janeiro state) (Fig. 16). Remarks Wittmer (1952) erected the subgenus Acanthodiscodon to include the single species D. (A.) crassipes, defined by the strong modifications in the hind legs. Given the vast morphological variation seen in Neotropical species of Discodon, especially in the aedeagus structures, it is not justifiable to separate a single species D. crassipes in its own subgenus Acanthodiscodon, which is herein synonymised with Discodon (syn. nov.)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 176-179, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Wittmer W. 1952. 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der neotropischen Malacodermata (Coleoptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 2: 197 - 205.","Delkeskamp K. 1977. Col. Cantharidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa Pars 165, fasc 1. Dr W. Junk, The Hague.","Pic M. 1930. Malacodermes exotiques (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 46 (440, hors-texte): 81 - 85."]}

Discodon viridimontanum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 07CD44CC-D82E-44B0-A547-97C1F392D997 Figs 4A, 6J, U, 7J, 8J, 9J, 10J, 13D–F, 15J Diagnosis Similar to D. vanini sp. nov. by the last antennomeres orangish (Fig. 4A), but differs by the antennae shorter with longitudinal lines on the antennomeres IX–XI (Fig. 6J, U), the pronotum with lateral margins not elevated (Figs 7J, 8J), by the elongate elytra (Fig. 4A), and by the shape of ventrite VII of males (Fig. 10J) and the aedeagus (Fig. 13D–F). The single known male specimen of D. viridimontanum sp. nov. was fixed with an everted internal sac, which exacerbates the morphological comparison with other species. Etymology The specific epithet viridimontanum refers to the type locality of the species, Monte Verde (Minas Gerais state, Brazil), which translates to ‘green hill’ from Portuguese. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais, Monte Verde; 22 Feb. 1960; J. Halik leg.; MZSP 46483 (Fig 4A). Paratype BRAZIL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 2 Feb. 1970; MZSP 46484. Description Body length: 10.4 mm. Coloration (Fig. 4A): head pitch black, lustrous, except in lateral corners of clypeus, light brown; mandibles light brown, darker at base and tip; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown to black, light brown at apex of last palpomeres; antennae black, except antennomeres IX–XI and apex of VIII, orangish. Pronotum (Figs 7J, 8J) lustrous, partly translucent, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and near posterior margin, and narrower near anterior half; background pale yellow with barely diffuse orange patches. Scutellum and elytra pitch black, slightly lustrous; at mid-length of each elytron, rounded whitish spot nearly reaching lateral borders but not meeting at suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen dark brown to black, tarsal claws brown. Male (Fig. 4A) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short, vertex flat, occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with median incision. Eyes large, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6J) short, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres III– IX narrowing proximally, sub-serrate; antennomeres IX–XI with longitudinal lines dorsally. Pronotum (Fig. 7J) wide, about 1.4 times as wide as long; anterior margin and anterior angles arched; lateral margins slightly sinuate, with shallow notch at posterior third; anterior, posterior and lateral margins not elevated; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra very long, each elytron 5.7 times as long as wide, almost parallel; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with a transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9J) broadly lobed basally, lobe with very broad rounded margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI notched at posterior margin; ventrite VII (Fig. 10J) with triangular lobes, inner margins nearly parallel, outer margins convergent posteriorly, apical margins rounded, with tip directed internally. Aedeagus (Fig. 13D–F): ventral wall of tegmen elongate, lateral margins convergent from apical third; apex forming a pair of short, rounded lobes with central acute tip curved ventrally; fringe of long setae along the lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres very short, hidden between tegmen and median lobe; median lobe membranous, with numerous spine-like sclerites and tufts of thick pubescence. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6U) shorter; pronotum (Fig. 8J) wider, 1.5 times as wide as long, lateral margins sinuate, without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VII (Fig. 15J) with distal margin broadly arched, without projections or notches. Distribution Brazil (Minas Gerais state) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 173-176, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022]."]}

Discodon aurimaculatum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0D454F22-6E27-402C-ADDB-36D5483D57FB Figs 3D, 6F, Q, 7F, 8F, 9F, 10F, 12D–F, 15F Diagnosis Differs from all the other species by the elytra with the weakly defined longitudinal roughness and dark yellow spots (Fig. 3D), the shape of the aedeagus (Fig. 12D–F) and the last ventrite (VII) of the females (Fig. 15F). Etymology The specific epithet aurimaculatum refers to the dark yellowish to golden rounded elytral spots. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Pindamonhangaba, Eugênio Lefèvre; 1200 m a.s.l.; 21 Dec. 1962; Exp. Dep. Zool. leg.; MZSP 46447 (Fig. 3D). Paratypes (12 specimens) BRAZIL • 2 ♀♀; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia; 1100 m a.s.l.; Feb. 1963; MZSP 46448, 46449 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Jan. 1968; MZSP 46450, 46451 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 1300 m a.s.l.; Nov. 1950; NHMB • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding, Véu da Noiva, córrego Maromba; 22º26′10″ S, 44º37′28″ W; 1100 m a.s.l.; 2–3 Feb. 1997; Kury, Rocha and Mestre leg.; MZSP 46452 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; MZSP 46453, 46454, 46457 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; DZUP 320983 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CEMT CUIABA 00118356 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; 24 Jan. 1963; MZSP 45593. Description Body length: 11.7–13.0 mm. Coloration (Fig. 3D): head pitch black, lustrous, except in lateral corners of clypeus, light brown; mandibles light brown, darker at tip; maxillary and labial palpi black, light brown at apex of last palpomeres; antennae entirely black. Pronotum (Figs 7F, 8F) lustrous, partly translucent, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and near posterior margin, and narrower near anterior half; no lateral dark bands or patches; background pale yellow to light orange with barely defined orange regions. Scutellum and elytra pitch black; at mid-length of each elytron, pale-yellow round spot meeting lateral borders but not meeting at suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen dark brown to black, tarsal claws brown. Male (Fig. 3D) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short, vertex flat, occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with shallow median incision. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform.Antennae (Fig. 6F) long, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres slightly narrowing anteriorly, sub-serrate; antennomeres without longitudinal lines dorsally. Pronotum (Fig. 7F) wide, about 1.4 times as wide as long; anterior margin slightly arched, anterior angles arched; lateral margins slightly sinuate, with deep notch at posterior third; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra long, each elytron 4.8 times as long as wide, almost parallel; weakly defined longitudinal roughness, like costae, more visible anteriorly; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9F) broadly lobed basally, lobe with rounded margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI slightly notched at posterior margin; ventrite VII (Fig. 10F) with broad lobes, internal margins arched externally, apical margin broadly rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 12D–F): ventral wall of tegmen elongate, apical margins convergent, forming a pair of parallel lateral projections with rounded apices and a short central projection, strongly curved ventrally and with acute hook-like apex; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres very short, hidden between tegmen and median lobe; median lobe long, membranous, with a pair of strong sclerites, each with double acute apices; sides of median lobe with tuft of thick spine-like setae. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6Q) shorter; pronotum (Fig. 8F) wider, 1.6 times as wide as long, lateral margins without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI not notched, distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 15F) broad, lateral and distal margins broadly arched, distal margin with two short acute apical lobes projecting posteriorly at middle and V-shaped medial notch. Distribution Brazil (Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 163-165, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022].","Wittmer W. 1952. 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der neotropischen Malacodermata (Coleoptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 2: 197 - 205."]}

Discodon lineaticorne sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 66D5B02D-DAD1-47BB-A93E-0981BECD4BB7 Figs 3C, 6E, P, 7E, 8E, 9E, 10E, 12A–C, 15E Diagnosis Differs from other species in the region by the entirely black antennae (Fig. 3C), the males with antennomeres IX–XI with short longitudinal lines dorsally (Fig. 6E), ventrite VII with apices truncate (Fig. 10E), aedeagus (Fig. 12A–C) with three distal projections on distal margin of tegmen, the central projection very long and curved ventrally; females with last ventrite (VII) (Fig. 15E) broadly rounded with a pair of acute projections medially. Etymology The epithet lineaticorne refers to the longitudinal antennal lines on antennomeres IX–XI of the males. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; São Paulo, Pindamonhangaba, Eugênio Lefèvre; 28 Sep. 1962; Exp. Dep. Zool leg.; MZSP 46436 (Fig. 3C). Paratypes (10 specimens) BRAZIL • 1 ♀; Minas Gerais, Itamonte, Instituto Alto Montana; 22º21′13″ S, 44º47′57″ W, 5–6 Nov. 2019; UC. Entomologia UNIFESP leg.; Malaise; MZSP 46444 • 1 ♀; São Paulo, Campos do Jordão; 22º40′51.4″ S, 45º35′30.5″ W; 1461 m a.s.l.; Oct.–Nov. 2019; S.P. Rosa leg.; MZSP 46445 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 1–13 Oct. 2018; MZSP 46446 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; DZUP 320982 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 26 Oct. 1962; MZSP 46438 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 1200 m a.s.l.; 21 Dec. 1962; MZSP 46439 • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; São Paulo, Ipiranga; Oct. 1908; Luederwaldt leg. ‘20371’ [Luederwaldt’s collection record]; MZSP 46440 to 46443. Description Body length: 13.0– 14.3 mm. Coloration (Fig. 3C): head pitch black, lustrous, except in lateral corners of clypeus, light brown; mandibles light brown, darker at base and tip; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown to black, light brown at apex of last palpomeres; antennae entirely black. Pronotum (Figs 7E, 8E) lustrous, partly translucent, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and near posterior margin, and narrower near anterior half; from median band, a pair of diagonal black bands; background pale yellow to light orange with barely defined orange patches. Scutellum and elytra pitch black, slightly lustrous; at mid-length of each elytron, large whitish to pale yellow round spot nearly reaching lateral borders but not meeting at suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen dark brown to black, tarsal claws brown. Male (Fig. 3C) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short, vertex flat, occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with median incision. Eyes large, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6E) long, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres III– IX wider distally, sub-serrate; antennomeres IX–XI with short longitudinal lines dorsally. Pronotum (Fig. 7E) wide, about 1.5 times as wide as long; usually, anterior margin slightly arched, almost straight in middle, anterior angles arched; lateral margins slightly sinuate, with shallow notch at posterior third; anterior, posterior and lateral margins elevated; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra long, each elytron 5 times as long as wide, almost parallel; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9E) broadly lobed basally, lobe with rounded margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI deeply notched at posterior margin, V-shaped, lateral apices arched; ventrite VII (Fig. 10E) with parallel-sided lobes, distal margins truncate; ventrite lobes concave, internal margins directed ventrally.Aedeagus (Fig. 12A–C): ventral wall of tegmen long and broad, apical margin convergent, forming a pair of lateral projections with truncate apices and very long central projection, strongly curved ventrally and with hook-like apex, usually visible between lobes of ventrite VII; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres robust, long and broad, parallel, apex acute; median lobe short, membranous, partially retracted behind parameres. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6) shorter, without longitudinal lines; pronotum wider, 1.6 times as wide as long, lateral margins without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI not notched, distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII broad, lateral and distal margins broadly arched, distal margin with two long apical lobes projecting posteriorly at middle and U-shaped medial notch. Distribution Brazil (Minas Gerais and São Paulo states) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 161-163, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022].","Pic M. 1949. Coleopteres du Globe (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 65 (516): 5 - 8."]}

Discodon marginicolle sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: CECFCC8E-713B-4A5F-B6B0-9995F9A776B3 Figs 3E, 6G, R, 7G, 8G, 9G, 10G, 12G–I, 15G Diagnosis Similar to D. neoteutonum sp. nov. by the shape and coloration of the elytral spots. It differs from this species by the antennae being entirely black (Fig. 3E), with the antennal lines in males (Fig. 3G), the pronotum almost entirely black (Figs 7G, 8G), and the aedeagus with distal margin of the tegmen with three projecting lobes (Fig. 12G–I); females with ventrite VII broad, with a sinuous distal margin and a less pronounced median projection (Fig. 15G). The aedeagus of D. marginicolle sp. nov. is similar to that of D. aurimaculatum sp. nov., differing in the shape of the distal projections of the ventral wall of the tegmen; besides, the antennae of D. aurimaculatum do not have antennal lines and the elytral spots are rounder. Etymology The specific epithet refers to the barely defined dark-orangish spot in the margin of the pronotum. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo, Macaé de Cima; Jan. 2000; P. Grossi leg.; CEMT CUIABA 00118359 (Fig. 3 E). Paratypes (4 specimens) BRAZIL • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; MZSP 46458 • 2 ♀♀; Nova Friburgo, Mury; 1050 m a.s.l.; Mar. 1941; NHMB • 1 ♀; Terezópolis; Jan. 1980; A. Bello leg.; CEMT CUIABA 00118360. Description Body length: 11.0–13.0 mm. Coloration (Fig. 3E): head pitch black, lustrous, except in corners of clypeus, dark brown; mandibles dark brown, darker at tip; maxillary and labial palpi black and antennae entirely black. Pronotum (Figs 7G, 8G) lustrous, mostly black, except for orangish to dark brown irregular patches near anterior and posterior angles. Scutellum and elytra pitch black; at mid-length of each elytron, large sulphur to greyish hemispheric to triangular spot nearly reaching lateral borders but not meeting at suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen pitch black, tarsal claws dark brown. Male (Fig. 3E) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short; vertex flat; occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, with a pair of lobes slightly projected anteriorly. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6G) sub-serrate, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres III–VI wider distally, the latter nearly parallel, antennomere XI narrowing apically; antennomeres IX– XI with short longitudinal lines dorsally. Pronotum (Fig. 7G) about 1.1 times as wide as long; anterior margin slightly arched, anterior angles rounded; lateral margins with shallow notch at posterior third, pronotum wider near notch; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine clear setae. Elytra long, each elytron about 5.5 times as long as wide, almost parallel; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9G) with pointing tip, broadly lobed basally, lobe with rounded margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI broadly concave at posterior margin; ventrite VII (Fig. 10G) elongate, halves triangular, internal margins straight, lateral margins arched, apices rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 12G–I): ventral wall of tegmen elongate, apical margins convergent, forming a pair of parallel lateral projections with acute apices and central projection, strongly curved ventrally and with acute hook-like apex; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres very short, hidden between tegmen and median lobe; median lobe long, conical, membranous, with a pair of strong sclerites, each with double acute apices; sides of median lobe with a tuft of thick spine-like setae. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6) shorter, antennomeres broader, without antennal lines; pronotum (Fig. 8) trapezoidal, broader, 1.6 times as wide as long, lateral margins sinuate, without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI with distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 15G) broad and short, distal margin sinuous, with a broad medial lobe projecting posteriorly. Distribution Brazil (Rio de Janeiro state) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 165-166, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677

Discodon nigrocephalum Pic, 1949 Fig. 5E–G Discodon nigrocephalum Pic, 1949: 6. Discodon nigrocephalum – Delkeskamp 1977: 255 (catalogue). Diagnosis Similar to D. obscurior and D. tenuecostatum sp. nov. by the general coloration. It differs from these species by the wider head (Fig. 5F), apparently nearly as wide as the pronotum, the antennae black, and the elytra coriaceous, rough, without costulae (Fig. 5E). Type material Lectotype (here designated) BRAZIL • ♂; São Paulo, Vale do Rio Pardo; Dec. 1898; E. Gounelle leg.; “ Museum Paris Coll. M. Pic ”; MNHN, Paris EC13556 (Fig. 5E–G). Remarks We were not able to examine the type specimen of D. nigrocephalum nor found similar specimens that could be attributed to this species. However, the photographs of the lectotype, deposited at the MNHN, Paris, enable the distinction between D. nigrocephalum on the one hand and D. obscurior and D. tenuecostatum sp. nov. on the other hand. Distribution Brazil (São Paulo state) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 169-170, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1949. Coleopteres du Globe (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 65 (516): 5 - 8.","Delkeskamp K. 1977. Col. Cantharidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa Pars 165, fasc 1. Dr W. Junk, The Hague."]}

Genus Discodon Gorham, 1881 Discodon is a morphologically diverse and heterogeneous genus distributed all across the continental parts of the Neotropical region and into the south-western United States. Gorham (1881) characterised the genus based on males as having the sides of the pronotum with a small notch, the last ventrite deeply divided into two halves, and the anterior claw of the protarsus with a broad basal lobe. The males of other genera of Silinae occurring in the Atlantic forests of Brazil – Silis Charpentier, 1825 and Pachymesia Westwood, 1849 – differ from Discodon for having the pronotum much wider than long and the lateral margins deeply notched, with variously shaped spines and projections, the anterior tarsal claw of the protarsus with a small basal lobe, the other claws simple, and the antennae sometimes distinctly swollen (Pachymesia). Other species from the Atlantic Forests currently combined in Incisosilis Pic, 1908, Polemius LeConte, 1851, Parasilis Gorham, 1885 and Malthinocantharis Pic, 1914 might need to be transferred to the aforementioned genera. The widespread Neotropical genus Polemius LeConte, 1851 is primarily distinguished from Discodon by the meso- and metatarsal claws of the males, which have a basal lobe in Polemius, but are deeply cleft in Discodon (Constantin 2017), but the phylogenetic relevance of this character is yet to be proven for the Neotropical fauna. The Discodon tricolor mimetic complex includes relatively large species (9.7–16.2 mm) characterised by the black body and legs, a similar orangish pattern on the pronotum and a pair of white to yellowish rounded or semi-circular spots in the middle of the elytra. It also includes some species with entirely black elytra that are here described as new species or have been treated as subspecies of D. tricolor., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on page 151, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Gorham, H. S. 1881. Fam. Telephoridae. In: Godman F. D. & Salvin O. (eds) Biologia Centrali- Americana. Insecta, Coleoptera. Vol. III. Part 2. Malacodermata. Taylor & Francis, London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 730","Constantin R. 2017. Les Silinae de Guyane avec la description de quatorze especes nouvelles (Coleoptera, Cantharidae). Le Coleopteriste Suppl. 11: 41 - 67."]}

Discodon tenuecostatum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 7DC62ADA-E43F-4874-AB7D-97EED692DB78 Figs 5D, 6H, S, 7H, 8H, 9H, 10H, 12J–M, 15H Diagnosis Similar to D. obscurior and D. nigrocephalum by the general coloration. It differs especially by the weakly defined elytral costulae (Fig. 5D) visible under unidirectional lighting, the shape of the pronotum (Figs 7H, 8H), which is less arched anteriorly, the tarsal claws of the males (Fig. 9H), ventrite VII of the males (Fig. 10H) and females (Fig. 15H) and the aedeagus (Fig. 12J–M). Etymology The name tenuecostatum refers to the weakly defined longitudinal elytral costulae in both males and females. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Teresópolis, Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos; 4–9 Nov. 2013; V.S. Ferreira and F.F. Barbosa leg.; MZSP 46459 (Fig. 5D). Paratypes (11 specimens) BRAZIL • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MZSP 46460, 46461, 46463, 46466 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; UFMG-ICO-2200001 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; DZUP 320984 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CEMT CUIABA 00118357 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding, Casa do Pesquisador; 16 Dec. 2016; Simeão Moraes leg.; MZSP 46467, 46468 • 1 ♀; [Parque Nacional do] Itatiaia; Nov. 1966; Dirings col.; MZSP 46469 • 1 ♀; Rio de Janeiro, Serra do Macaé; Nov. 1909; E. Garbe leg. [15,235]; MZSP 45594. Description Body length: 11.7–16.2 mm. Coloration (Fig. 5D): head pitch black, lustrous, except in lateral corners and anterior margin of clypeus, dark brown; mandibles dark brown, darker at base and tip; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown, light brown in last palpomeres; antennae black at base, clearing apicad, antennomeres I–II black, III–V dark brown, VI–XI light brown, sometimes III–V light brown and the latter orangish. Pronotum (Figs 7H, 8H) lustrous, partly translucent, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and near posterior margin, and narrower near anterior half; background pale yellow with diffuse orange regions. Scutellum and elytra entirely pitch black, slightly lustrous. Thorax, legs and abdomen black, tarsal claws brown. Male Head short, as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine clear setae; frons short, vertex flat, occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with rounded median incision. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6H) long, reaching elytral apical third, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres narrowing proximally, sub-serrate, without longitudinal lines. Pronotum (Fig. 7H) wide, about 1.5 times as wide as long; anterior margin slightly arched, anterior angles arched; lateral margins sinuate, almost parallel anteriorly, and widened before lateral deep notch at posterior third; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra very long, each elytron 5.6 times as long as wide, almost parallel; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9H) broadly lobed basally, lobe with very broad rounded margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI with posterior margin concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 10H) with triangular concave lobes, inner margins nearly parallel, directed ventrally, outer margins convergent posteriorly, apical margins rounded, with tip directed internally. Aedeagus (Fig. 12J–M) very robust, ventral wall of tegmen elongate, lateral margins constricted apically; apex forming a pair lobes with rounded projections, with strongly sinuous aspect; broad central projection, strongly flattened laterally with flat plaque-like projection ventrally, usually visible between ventrite lobes; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres very short, hidden between tegmen and median lobe; median lobe membranous, with strong falciform sclerites directed dorsally and central tufts of thick pubescence. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6S) shorter; pronotum (Fig. 8H) wider, 1.7 times as wide as long, subrectangular, anterior margin nearly straight, lateral margins without notch; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI not notched, distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 15H) long and broad, lateral and distal margins broadly arched, apex with two long and broad apical lobes projecting posteriorly at middle and U-shaped medial notch. Distribution Brazil (Rio de Janeiro state) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 166-169, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022].","Wittmer W. 1952. 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der neotropischen Malacodermata (Coleoptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 2: 197 - 205.","Pic M. 1930. Malacodermes exotiques (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 46 (440, hors-texte): 81 - 85."]}

Discodon obscurior Pic, 1906 stat. nov. Figs 5A–C, 6D, O, 7D, 8D, 9D, 10D, 11J–L, 15D Discodon albonotatum var. obscurior Pic, 1906: 90. Discodon albonotatum var. obscurior – Delkeskamp 1939: 155 (catalogue); 1977: 259 (catalogue). — Blackwelder 1945: 364 (checklist). Diagnosis Similar to D. nigrocephalum by general coloration (Fig. 5A–B). It differs especially by the elytra being smoother (Fig. 5A), the pronotum (Figs 7D, 8D) with anterior and lateral margins broadly arched, the shape of the lobe of the tarsal claws (Fig. 9D), the ventrite VII of males (Fig. 10D) and females (Fig. 15D) and the aedeagus (Fig. 11J–L). The colour of the antennae (Fig. 5A–B) of D. obscurior is usually light brown to orangish. Type material Lectotype (here designated) BRAZIL • ♀; Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo; Feb.–Mar. 1903; E. Gounelle leg.; “Muséum Paris, Coll. M. Pic ”; MNHN, Paris EC13554 (Fig. 5A–C). Paralectotype BRAZIL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for lectotype; MNHN, Paris EC13555. Other material examined (38 specimens) BRAZIL • 28 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀; Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis; 5–7 Mar. 1962; J. Bechyné leg.; MZSP 46398 to 46435. Re-description Body length: 11.0–13.0 mm. Coloration (Fig. 5A–B): head pitch black, lustrous, except in lateral corners of clypeus, dark brown; mandibles dark brown, darker at base and tip; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown, light brown in last palpomeres; antennomere I black, the latter light brown, sometimes orangish. Pronotum (Figs 7D, 8D) lustrous, partly translucent, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, black band usually with lateral projections in posterior third; background pale yellow with diffuse orange regions. Scutellum and elytra entirely pitch black, slightly lustrous. Thorax, legs and abdomen black, tarsal claws brown. Male (Fig. 5A–B) Head short, slightly wider than long, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short, vertex flat, occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with median incision. Eyes large, rounded, slightly prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6D) long, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres III–X narrowing proximally, sub-serrate; antennomeres without longitudinal lines. Pronotum (Fig. 7D) wide, 1.5 times as wide as long; anterior margin, anterior angles and lateral margins broadly arched; lateral margins with shallow notch at posterior third; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra long, each elytron 4.2 times as long as wide, wider medially; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9D) broadly lobed basally, lobe with sinuous to truncate margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI notched at posterior margin; ventrite VII (Fig. 10D) with concave lobes, inner margins divergent, directed ventrally, with sharp borders; outer margins straight, apical margins truncate, meeting medially. Aedeagus (Fig. 11J–L): ventral wall of tegmen short, lateral margins convergent from apical half; apex forming a pair of rounded lobes and salient border projecting ventrally; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres very long, robust, falciform, projecting dorsally, apex rounded with small acute tip; median lobe membranous, with very long and broad flattened central sclerite dorsally. Female Similar to male; antenna (Fig. 6O) longer; pronotum (Fig. 8D) more transverse, wider, 1.6 times as wide as long, sub-rectangular, anterior margin nearly straight, lateral margins without notch; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI not notched, distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 15D) broad, lateral and distal margins sinuous, apex without strong projections, with shallow lobes not strongly projecting posteriorly. Distribution Brazil (Rio de Janeiro state) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 159-161, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022].","Delkeskamp K. 1939. Col. Cantharidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 165. Dr W. Junk, ' s-Gravenhage.","Blackwelder R. E. 1945. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America, pt. 3. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 185: 345 - 550. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.3","Wittmer W. 1952. 13. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der neotropischen Malacodermata (Coleoptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia 2: 197 - 205.","Pic M. 1930. Malacodermes exotiques (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 46 (440, hors-texte): 81 - 85."]}

Discodon testaceipes Pic, 1930 stat. nov. Figs 4D–G, 7K, 14A–C Discodon albonotatum var. testaceipes Pic, 1930: 82. Discodon albonotatum var. testaceipes – Delkeskamp 1939: 155 (catalogue); 1977: 259 (catalogue). — Blackwelder 1945: 364 (checklist). Diagnosis Distinguished from the other species by the elytra black with unclearly defined lighter spots and the legs reddish brown with black tarsi (Fig. 4D, F). Type material Syntypes (2 specimens) BRAZIL • 1 ♂; [Minas Gerais, Passa Quatro]; “ 16/12. / 1915 // ex coll. Zikan / Bras.”; “Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Coll. W. Wittmer ”; 16 Dec. 1915; NHMB • 1 ♀; Rio Grande do Sul; “coll. Richard Hicker, Wien”; “Naturhistorisches Museum Basel, Coll. W. Wittmer ”; NHMB (Fig 4D–G). Re-description Body length: 12.0 mm. Coloration: head black, lustrous, except in lateral corners of clypeus, orangish; maxillary palpi dark brown; antennomeres I–VIII dark brown, IX–XI orangish. Pronotum (Fig. 8K) lustrous, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and near posterior margin, and narrower near anterior half; background testaceous with diffuse orange patches. Scutellum and elytra black, slightly lustrous; at mid-length of each elytron, small and weakly defined round yellowish spot near lateral margins. Legs reddish brown, tarsomeres II–V black. Male (Fig. 4D–E) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine setae; frons short. Eyes large, rounded, prominent. Last maxillary palpomeres securiform. Antennae long, probably reaching the middle of elytra, slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres III–IX slightly narrowing proximally, sub-serrate. Pronotum wide, about 1.5 times as wide as long; anterior margin and anterior angles broadly arched; lateral margins sinuate broader posteriorly; anterior, posterior and lateral margins elevated; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine setae. Elytra long, each elytron 5 times as long as wide, nearly parallel; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with transversal slit at base. Aedeagus (Fig. 14A–C): ventral wall of tegmen elongate, lateral margins convergent from apical third; apex forming a pair of short, rounded lobes with central acute tip curved ventrally; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres very short, hidden between tegmen and median lobe; median lobe membranous, with numerous spine-like sclerites and tufts of thick pubescence. Female Similar to male; pronotum (Fig. 8K) wider, lateral margins without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VII (Fig. 15K) broad, lateral and distal margins broadly arched, distal margin with two apical rounded lobes projecting posteriorly at middle. Distribution Brazil (Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul states) (Fig. 16). Remarks This taxon was described as a variety (“v.”) of D. albonotatum by Pic (1930). Pic did not specify the number of specimens examined, but he stated that they were “ex Hicker”, i.e., from the collection of his contemporary Richard Hicker (1872–1965). Hicker’s Cantharidae collection was acquired by Walter Wittmer and is now at NHMB. Two specimens matching Pic’s description were found there. A female from “ Rio Grande do Sul ” labelled as coming from R. Hicker’s collection and a male with a handwritten label by Zikan from W. Wittmer’s collection, which was likely acquired by W. Wittmer via R. Hicker and is therefore here included as a syntype. During a visit at MNHN, and on photos of M. Pic’s Discodon boxes kindly provided by R. Constantin, no specimen attributable to D. testaceipes was found. The name D. albonotatum testaceipes is here treated as subspecific and available in accordance with ICZN Art. 45.6.4, as it is currently widely practised for names described as “var.” by this author. But based on the differences outlined above, we conclude that it should be treated as a full species (stat. nov.)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 179-180, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Pic M. 1930. Malacodermes exotiques (suite). L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 46 (440, hors-texte): 81 - 85.","Delkeskamp K. 1939. Col. Cantharidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 165. Dr W. Junk, ' s-Gravenhage.","Blackwelder R. E. 1945. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America, pt. 3. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 185: 345 - 550. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.3","Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022]."]}

Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville, 1832) Figs 2, 6A, L, 7A, 8A, 9A, 10A, 11A–C, 15A Silis tricolor Guérin-Méneville in Griffith, 1832, pl. 36 fig. 10; 1844: 47, pl. 14 fig. 10. Discodon albonotatum Pic, 1906: 90 (excluding “var. obscurior ”). Silis tricolor – Pic 1909: 8. — Delkeskamp 1939: 188 (catalogue). — Blackwelder 1945: 368 (checklist). Discodon albonotatum (partim) – Delkeskamp 1939: 155 (catalogue); 1977: 259 (catalogue) (syn.). — Blackwelder 1945: 364 (checklist). Discodon tricolor – Delkeskamp 1977: 259 (catalogue). — Wittmer 1977: 4 (type specimen). — Vanin 2014: 50 (mimicry). Diagnosis Discodon tricolor differs from the other species for having most of the antennomeres yellow. Discodon tricolor is similar to D. vanini sp. nov. and D. neoteutonum sp. nov., differing from these species by the ventral wall of the tegmen (Fig. 11A–C) longer, about as long as wide, and the median lobe with a narrow central sclerite; the last ventrite of the females (Fig. 15A) with a distal margin almost straight, with a slight median projection. Type material Holotype of Discodon tricolor BRAZIL • ♂; Minas Gerais, “du midi de la capitale des mines”; “ Silis tricolor Guér. icon. R.A.”; MNHN, Paris EC14297 (Fig. 2A–C). Lectotype of Discodon albonotatum (here designated) BRAZIL • ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaya [Itatiaia]; 2400 m a.s.l.; Feb. 1899; E. Gounelle leg.; “Museum Paris, Coll. M. Pic ”; MNHN, Paris EC13550 (Fig. 2D–F). Paralectotypes of Discodon albonotatum (3 specimens) BRAZIL • 1 ♀; São Paulo, Vale do Rio Pardo; Dec. 1898; E. Gounelle leg.; “Museum Paris, Coll. M. Pic ”; MNHN, Paris EC13549 • 1 ♂; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaya [Itatiaia]; 2400 m a.s.l.; Feb. 1899; E. Gounelle leg.; “Museum Paris, Coll. M. Pic ”; MNHN, Paris EC13551 • 1 ♀; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaya [Itatiaia]; 850 m a.s.l.; Feb. 1899; E. Gounelle leg.; “Museum Paris, Coll. M. Pic ”; MNHN, Paris EC13552. Other material examined (29 specimens) BRAZIL • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia; Feb. 1955; Dirings leg.; MZSP 46319 to 46321 • 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Mar. 1959; MZSP 46322 to 46328 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Apr. 1959; MZSP 46329 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Jan. 1963; MZSP 46330 • 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; Jan. 1967; MZSP 46331 to 46335 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 5 Feb. 1963; J. Halik leg.; MZSP 46336 • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia; above 1200 m a.s.l.; 5 Apr. 1964; C.E. and E.S. Ross legs.; NHMB [labelled as “ D. tricolor (Guér.) mit Typus verglichen”] • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 4 Feb. 1927; Dr Seitz leg.; NHMB [labelled as “ D. albonotatum Pic ” by Wittmer] • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding, Maromba; 7 Apr. 1989; B. Harky leg.; MZSP 46337 • 1 ♂; “Mar” [Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Maromba]; 1100 m a.s.l.; 11 Feb. 1926; Zikán leg.; NHMB • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; São Paulo, São José dos Barreiros, Parque Nacional Serra da Bocaina; 1400 m a.s.l.; 21–24 Mar. 1997; Pinto-da-Rocha, Campaner and Vanin leg.; MZSP 46338 to 46340 • 1 ♀; Minas Gerais [Passa Quatro]; 18 Mar. 22; [Zikán leg.]; NHMB • 1 ♂; “ America, Brasilia, coll. Rich Hicker ”; NHMB. Re-description Body length: 10.4–14.0 mm. Coloration (Fig. 2): head pitch black, lustrous, except in front of antennae sockets and anterior margin of clypeus, dark brown; mandibles dark brown, darker at base and the tip; maxillary and labial palpi black, except apex of last palpomeres, dark brown; antennomeres I and sometimes II black, the latter testaceous to light brown. Pronotum (Figs 7A, 8A) lustrous, translucent, with broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider posteriorly and narrower near anterior margin; background bright yellow to light orange with barely defined orange and brown lateral patches. Scutellum and elytra pitch black, slightly lustrous; at mid-length of each elytron, large whitish to pale yellow round spot nearly reaching lateral borders but not meeting at suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen pitch black, tarsal claws brown. Male (Fig. 2) Head short, slightly wider than long, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short; vertex flat; occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, slightly projected anteriorly with median incision. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Figs 2A, 6A) slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres wider distally; antennomeres IX–XI distinctly narrower than preceding ones. Pronotum (Fig. 3A) about 1.5 times as wide as long; anterior margin broadly arched, anterior angles indistinct; lateral margins with a shallow notch at posterior third, pronotum wider behind notch; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra long, each elytron 3.4 times as long as wide, wider at apical third; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with a transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9A) broadly lobed basally, lobe with sinuous margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at apex, with fine protruding tooth slightly shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI deeply notched at posterior margin, V-shaped, lateral apices arched; lobes of ventrite VII (Fig. 10A) elongate, oblong, concave, internal margins directed ventrally, distal margins rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 11A–C): ventral wall of tegmen short and broad, lateral margins slightly convergent, distal margin forming a pair of broadly rounded lobes; between lobes, small acute tip directed ventrally; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres broadly separated, robust, long and broad, parallel, curved ventrally, apex acute; median lobe short, membranous, partially retracted behind parameres; very long and narrow sclerite curved ventrally, apex acute. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6L) shorter, antennomeres less broad; pronotum (Fig. 8A) trapezoidal, much broader, 1.7 times as wide as long, lateral margins sinuate, without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI not notched, distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 15A) broad, lateral margins arched, distal margin sinuous, with a short and broad medial lobe. Note on nomenclature Delkeskamp (1977) and Wittmer (1977) both indicated Guérin-Méneville’s 1844 work as the original reference for Silis tricolor, since it contains the first published description of that species. Delkeskamp (1977) also cites “Blanch. in Griffith, Anim. Kingdom 1, 1832, l. 36, fig. 10”, a plate published 12 years prior to Guérin-Méneville’s description.According to ICZN Art. 8.7, an illustration of a species published before 1930 that is accompanied by a new name does however already count as a valid description “by indication” and makes this name available, even without being accompanied by a description in words or an explicit statement that the name is new. We therefore regard the illustration in Griffith’s “Animal Kingdom” as the first available evidence of this species. As the species name Silis tricolor is explicitly attributed to “Guérin” on Griffith’s plate, F.E. Guérin-Méneville remains the author of the species (not Blanchard), but the year of description must be corrected to 1832. Distribution Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 151-154, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677, {"references":["Griffith E. 1832. The Animal Kingdom, Arranged in Conformity with its Organization by the Baron Cuvier Vol. 14 [plates of insects]. Whittaker, Treacher and co., London. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45021","Pic M. 1906. Noms nouveaux et diagnoses de \" Cantharini \" (Telephorides) europeens et exotiques. L'Echange, Revue Linneenne 22: 89 - 92. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 285236 page / 99 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022].","Pic M. 1909. Contribution a l'etude des Silis Latr. de l'Amerique Meridionale. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique 53: 6 - 8. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 46155 page / 14 / mode / 1 up [accessed 15 Aug. 2022].","Delkeskamp K. 1939. Col. Cantharidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Pars 165. Dr W. Junk, ' s-Gravenhage.","Blackwelder R. E. 1945. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America, pt. 3. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 185: 345 - 550. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.3","Delkeskamp K. 1977. Col. Cantharidae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa Pars 165, fasc 1. Dr W. Junk, The Hague.","Wittmer W. 1977. Ueber einige Typen von Blanchard und Guerin aus der Fam. Cantharidae (Col.) im Museum de Paris. Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie 7: 321 - 328.","Vanin S. A. 2014. A new species of Homalocerus Schoenherr from the Atlantic coast of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil (Coleoptera, Belidae, Belinae), with notes on color pattern and on the sclerites of the internal sac. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 58 (1): 47 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0085 - 56262014000100008","Guerin-Meneville F. - E. 1844. Iconographie du regne animal de G. Cuvier, ou representation d'apres nature de l'une des especes les plus remarquables et souvent non encore figurees, de chaque genre d'animaux. Avec un texte descriptif mis au courant de la science. Ouvrage pouvant servir d'atlas a tous les traites de zoologie. Insectes. J. B. Bailliere, Paris. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10331"]}

Discodon neoteutonum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8B002EDC-E1E4-4403-A388-BA6E9826EE10 Figs 3A, 4B, M, 7B, 8B, 9B, 10B, 11D–F, 15B Diagnosis Similar to D. tricolor and D. vanini sp. nov. It differs from these species by the antennae entirely black, larger whitish elytral spots (Fig. 3A), the aedeagus (Fig. 11D–F) with distal margin of tegmen shorter, apical lobes less pronounced; the median lobe with a very broad central sclerite; females with ventrite VII (Fig. 15B) broader, with a more pronounced median projection. Etymology The epithet neoteutonum refers to the type locality of the species, Nova Teutônia, a district in the Seara municipality in Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia [Seara]; 27º11′ S, 52º23′ W; 300–500 m a.s.l.; Apr. 1947; Fritz Plaumann leg.; MZSP 46341 (Fig. 3A). Paratypes (43 specimens) BRAZIL • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; Feb. 1951; MZSP 46342 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Mar. 1951; MZSP 46343, 46344 • 4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 14 Apr. 1951; NHMB • 1♀; same collection data as for preceding; 15 Mar. 1954; NHMB • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 9 Mar. 1957; NHMB • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1965; MZSP 46345, 46346 • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1966; MZSP 46347 to 46349 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; DZUP 320980 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; CEMT CUIABA 00118354 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Nov. 1966; MZSP 46352 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1966; MZSP 46353 • 1 ♀; Santa Catarina, Rio Vermelho [São Bento do Sul]; Feb. 1961; Dirings leg.; MZSP 46354 • 1 ♂; Santa Catarina, Mafra; Rttr. leg.; NHMB • 1 ♂; Santa Catharina; Hicker leg.; NHMB • 9 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Rio Grande do Sul, Vila Oliva [Caxias do Sul]; 18 Feb. 1949; Becker leg.; NHMB • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 21 Feb. 1948; NHMB • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 24 Feb. 1948; NHMB. Description Body length: 10.4–13.0 mm. Coloration (Fig. 3A): head pitch black, lustrous, except in front of antennae; sockets dark brown; mandibles dark brown, darker at the base and the tip; maxillary and labial palpi black; antennae black, except last three antennomeres, sometimes lighter, and ventral face of antennomere I dark brown. Pronotum (Figs 7B, 8B) lustrous, translucent, with a broad irregular black band from anterior to posterior margin, wider anteriorly and narrower near the middle; background bright yellow to light orange with barely defined orange to brownish lateral patches. Scutellum and elytra pitch black, slightly lustrous; at mid-length of each elytron, a large sulphur to pale yellow hemispheric to triangular spot nearly reaching the lateral borders but not meeting at the suture. Thorax, legs and abdomen pitch black, tarsal claws dark brown. Male (Fig. 3A) Head short, nearly as long as wide, excluding eyes; integument smooth, densely covered with short and fine yellow setae; frons short; vertex flat; occipital region convex, broadly rounded behind the eyes. Clypeus flat, anterior margin emarginate, with pair of lobes slightly projected anteriorly. Eyes small, rounded, prominent. Mandibles falciform, acute, without accessory teeth. Last maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform. Antennae (Fig. 6B) slightly flattened dorsoventrally; antennomeres wider distally; antennomeres IX–XI slightly narrower than the preceding. Pronotum (Fig. 7B) about 1.5 times as wide as long; anterior margin broadly arched, anterior angles indistinct; lateral margins with a shallow notch at posterior third, pronotum wider behind notch; integument smooth, densely covered with very fine yellow setae. Elytra long, each elytron about 4 times as long as wide, almost parallel, slightly wider in the middle; integument coriaceous, densely covered with short and fine decumbent setae, and much longer thick erect setae. Legs slender, densely pubescent, covered with long and thick setae; tarsi flattened dorsoventrally, fourth tarsomere with a transversal slit at base; anterior prothoracic tarsal claws (Fig. 9B) with tip pointing externally, broadly lobed basally, lobe with sinuous margin; posterior claws on meso- and metathoracic tarsal claws apparently split at the apex, with fine protruding tooth shorter than claws. Abdomen weakly sclerotised, coriaceous, densely covered with long setae; ventrite VI deeply notched at posterior margin, V-shaped, lateral apices arched; ventrite VII (Fig. 10B) elongate, oblong, strongly concave, internal margins arcuate, directed ventrally, distal margins projecting posteriorly, apices rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 11D–F): ventral wall of tegmen short and broad, lateral margins slightly convergent, distal margin forming a pair of broadly rounded lobes; between lobes, small acute tip directed ventrally; fringe of long setae along lateral margins of tegmen dorsally; parameres broadly separated, robust, long and broad, parallel, curved ventrally, apex rounded; median lobe short, membranous, partially retracted behind parameres; very broad central sclerite curved ventrally with broadly rounded apex. Female Similar to male; antennae (Fig. 6M) longer, antennomeres broader; pronotum (Fig. 8B) trapezoidal, broader, 1.6 times as wide as long, lateral margins sinuate, without notches; tarsal claws without basal lobe or apical slit; ventrite VI not notched, distal margin slightly arched, concave; ventrite VII (Fig. 15B) broad, lateral margins arched, distal margin sinuous, with broad medial lobe projecting posteriorly. Distribution Brazil (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul states) (Fig. 16)., Published as part of Biffi, Gabriel & Geiser, Michael, 2022, A revision of Discodon tricolor (Guérin-Méneville) and its mimics from the Atlantic forests of Brazil (Coleoptera: Cantharidae), pp. 148-189 in European Journal of Taxonomy 834 (1) on pages 154-156, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.834.1907, http://zenodo.org/record/7017677

Genus Trypheridium Brancucci, 1985 Figs 2���7 Trypheridium Brancucci, 1985a: 245. Trypheridium ��� Kazantsev 2004: 30 (catalogue); 2012: 403 (catalogue). ��� Kazantsev & Brancucci 2007: 297 (catalogue). Type species Trypherus nuristanicus Wittmer, 1956, by original designation. Diagnosis Trypheridium is similar to Trypherus, and distinguished by sexual characters: tergite IX with dorsal and ventral blades (���lames tergales et sternales���) very long and asymmetrical (Figs 3A���D, 6E���F); aedeagus without left paramere, median lobe membranous (Figs 3F���J, 6G���I), with orifice apically (not preapically as in Trypherus); female with sternite VII remarkably broad, partly or completely concealing most of sternite VIII (Figs 4G���H, 7B); bursa copulatrix elongate, with two tubular spermathecae and one accessory gland connecting the bursa in its postero-dorsal part (Figs 5F, 7D). Re-description (Figs 6���7) Coloration General coloration pale to sulphur yellow with dark brown to black patches; head yellow anteriorly at frons and clypeus and infuscate at vertex and occipital region; antennae dark brown to black, the three or four basal antennomeres yellow; pronotum with a transversal black band at posterior half; elytra with dark brown to black triangular patches, from the base of elytra (not reaching the humeri) and extending posteriorly; wings dark brown; legs dark brown or black, usually fore and mid legs light brown with dark spots; abdominal tergites and ventrites black in the centre and yellow at the margins. Coloration in females usually darker. Male HABITUS. Length 6.5���8.5 mm. HEAD. Head (including the eyes) wider than pronotum; vertex flat, frons concave between the eyes, occipital region convex, sides rounded and regularly narrowing behind the eyes. Eyes large, oblong, bulging, longer than wide, broadly separated. Fronto-clypeal suture distinct laterally, indistinct in the middle; anterior margin of clypeus slightly sinuous, nearly straight; labrum membranous. Mandibles arcuate, apex acute, blunt, retinaculum in the same plan as incisor, apex rounded, with a small supplementary tooth at the base of retinaculum. Maxillary palp with fourth palpomere elongate, narrowing apicad. Antennae not juxtaposed, separated by at least the width of antennal sockets; with 11 antennomeres, filiform, without modifications; antennomere I slender, without swellings. PRONOTUM. Transverse, wider than long, convex; anterior margin broadly arched, lateral margins nearly straight, slightly narrowing posteriorly; posterior margin projected posteriorly; anterior and posterior angles rounded, barely distinct. Elytra short, 1.2���1.4 times longer than combined width, slightly narrowed laterally, suture dehiscent posteriorly, apex rounded. WINGS. With reduced venation, radial cell 2R 1 closed; vein r-m barely visible, vein Cu straight, vein Mr fading; transversal vein cu-a absent; Rr extends beyond the joining of vein r; vein A x2 well visible, not joining Ax 1+2 and ending near the joining of vein A and Ax 1+2. LEGS. Slender, without swellings, teeth or remarkable modifications; apex of fore tibia with a pair of tiny spurs; all tarsal claws with broad internal teeth. ABDOMEN. Weakly sclerotised; tergites with a pair of small glandular pores on the distal corners; pores of tergite VIII in the apex of projections. Tergite VIII long and broad, with distal corners projected posteriorly, distal margin arcuate, concave. Tergite IX (paraproct) strongly modified in a capsule with a pair of long and asymmetrical lamellar projections directed ventrally; left blade (���lame sternale��� of Brancucci) longer, flattened; right blade (���lame tergale��� of Brancucci) shorter, more strongly curved ventrally. Tergite X (proctiger) divided posteriorly into two projecting lobes. Sternite VIII (ventrite VII) asymmetrical, distal margin sinuous and deeply notched, sides projected posteriorly. Sternite IX concealed underneath sternite VIII, elongate, lamellar, weakly sclerotised. AEDEAGUS. Elongated and weakly sclerotised; left paramere absent, right paramere and the prolongation of tegmen elongate and directed posteriorly; left prolongation of tegmen broad and lamellar, margins sinuous. Median lobe membranous, short, not twisted, with its broad opening located apically. Female Similar to males, except for eyes slightly smaller and more separated; sternite VII long and broad, mostly concealing sternite VIII, distal margin with elongate lobes projecting posteriorly. Sternite VIII membranous, broadly rounded, distal margin with a broad rounded lobe projecting posteriorly; coxites small, not fused medially, anterior arms very long and slender, apparently fused with valvifers, styles elongate, digitiform. Genitalia membranous, consisting of a long and broad vagina; oviduct anteriorly in the vagina; bursa copulatrix elongate, wrinkled, spiralling; spermatheca formed by two tubular projections; accessory gland large, connected by a long winding duct to the postero-dorsal part of bursa copulatrix. Distribution Trypheridium seems to be endemic to the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region. The only species described prior to this work has been reported from Tajikistan, Afghanistan (Nuristan) and Pakistan (Fig. 8A). Herein, we report a new species of this genus from India (Fig. 8B). Key to the species of Trypheridium Brancucci, 1985 1. Males: right blade of tergite IX bifurcating terminally into two unequal lobes (Fig. 3A���D); tergite X divided into two very long asymmetrical projections (Fig. 3B). Females: sternite VII long, mostly concealing sternite VIII, projecting beyond the tip of abdomen, distal margin with three projections (Fig. 4G���H)................................................................................ Trypheridium kashmiricum sp. nov. ��� Males: right blade of tergite IX undivided (Fig. 6E���F); tergite X divided into two short asymmetrical lobes (Fig. 6D, F). Females: sternite VII shorter, partly exposing sternite VIII, distal margin with two projections (Fig. 7B���C)............................................... Trypheridium nuristanicum (Wittmer, 1956), Published as part of Zubair, R. M., Maqbool, Amir, Wachkoo, Aijaz Ahmad & Biffi, Gabriel, 2021, A review of the Himalayan genus Trypheridium Brancucci (Coleoptera: Cantharidae: Chauliognathinae with description of a new species, pp. 18-36 in European Journal of Taxonomy 764 on pages 20-22, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.764.1467, http://zenodo.org/record/5236041, {"references":["Brancucci M. 1985 a. Trypheridium n. gen., un nouveau genre pour Trypherus nuristanicus Wittmer (Cantharidae, Coleoptera). Entomologica Basiliensia 10: 245 - 249.","Kazantsev S. V. 2004. A checklist of Cantharidae (Coleoptera) of the ex-USSR. Russian Entomological Journal 13 (1 - 2): 23 - 34.","Kazantsev S. V. & Brancucci M. 2007. Family Cantharidae Imhoff, 1856. In: Lobl I. & Smetana A. (eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 4 (Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, Cucujoidea): 234 - 298. Apollo Books, Stenstrup.","Wittmer W. 1956. Afghanistan Ausbeute von Herrn J. Klapperich, 1952 / 53. Revue suisse de Zoologie 63 (2): 115 - 161. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 75446"]}

Trypheridium kashmiricum sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DF4DAB14-589A-4B50-A37C-9EFC31438D86 Figs 2���5 Diagnosis This species resembles T. nuristanicum in general morphology and coloration, but differs in the structure of male and female terminal abdominal segments. In males, the right blade of tergite IX bifurcates terminally into two unequal lobes and tergite X divides into two very long asymmetrical projections. Sternite VII in females projects beyond the tip of abdomen, mostly concealing sternite VIII, and forms three projections apically. Etymology The species epithet is in reference to the type locality. Type material Holotype INDIA ��� ♂; Jammu and Kashmir, Baramulla, Tangmarg; 34��05���30��� N, 74��33���31��� E; 1639 m a.s.l.; 10 Aug. 2018; Zubair R.M. leg.; KUIC 0013. Paratypes INDIA ��� 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; KUIC 0014 to KUIC 0016. Other material INDIA ��� 1 ♂; Jammu and Kashmir, Baramulla, Tangmarg; 34��05���30��� N, 74��33���31��� E; 1639 m a.s.l.; 10 Aug. 2018; Zubair R.M. leg.; KUIC 0017. Description Coloration Head black in vertex and occipital region, yellow in frons and clypeus. Antennae dark brown, except the three and part of fourth basal antennomeres and sometimes underside of latter, yellow; sometimes antennomeres II and III infuscate. Mandibles yellowish with dark-brown apex. Palpi light brown, infuscate at distal palpomeres. Pronotum partly translucent, yellow with transversal black band at posterior half, not reaching lateral and posterior pronotal margins. Elytra sulphur yellow with triangular dark brown patch from base of elytra extending posteriorly along suture up to about posterior third of elytra; integument shinning, covered with fine yellow pubescence. Wings, meso- and metaventrite dark brown to black. Legs: fore and mid coxae yellow, hind coxa partly yellow and partly brown; fore and mid femora yellowish (black in females) except having black patch towards dorsal apex; fore tibia and tarsus yellow; mid tibia testaceous brown and tarsus dark brown; hind legs completely dark brown except yellowish brown basal margin; darker specimens have legs more broadly infuscate. Abdominal ventrites and tergites dark brown to black at the centre and yellow at margins; last ventrites and tergites light to dark brown (especially in females). Male (Figs 2���3) HABITUS. Length 7.8 mm in holotype (Fig. 2A���C), 7.6 mm in paratype. HEAD. Head (including eyes) wider than pronotum (Fig. 2D���E), 1.3 times as wide as long (across middle of eyes); vertex flat, frons slightly concave between eyes, with pair of longitudinal furrows running between antennae sockets; area around antennal sockets depressed and with carinated margin, forming ridge between antennae that reaches up to vertex; integument smooth and lustrous, with very small punctures and densely covered with short and fine setae. Fronto-clypeal suture defined laterally, indistinct medially. Eyes large, bulging, longer than wide, glabrous; interocular space 1.6 times wider than widest width of eye. Antennae filiform (Fig. 2F), slender, 0.56 times body length, covered with short and fine setae; antennomere I 1.68 times length of II, 0.88 times length of antennomere III, 0.84 times length of antennomere IV, antennomeres IV���VI longest, subequal, latter decreasing apicad, XI pointed at apex. PRONOTUM. Transverse (Fig. 2G) 1.3 times as wide as long, sides narrowed posteriorly, rounded, anterior margin arcuate, anterior angles rounded, not defined, posterior margin projected posteriorly, sinuous; disc slightly arched, integument partly translucent, smooth and lustrous, coarsely punctured and densely covered with fine pubescence. Scutellum with sides parallel, apex truncate. Scutellum trapezoidal, with pair of shallow and broad concavities anteriorly, posterior margin with rounded notch. ELYTRA. Short, 0.28 times as long as body length, about 1.89 times length of pronotum, 1.2 times longer than width of both elytra; sides slightly narrowed at posterior third, sutures parallel anteriorly and dehiscent from posterior half, apex of each elytron rounded and flattened; integument slightly rugose, almost smooth, with fine punctures and densely covered with short and fine setae. WINGS. With reduced venation (Fig. 2H), radial cell 2R1 closed; vein r-m barely visible, vein Cu straight; transversal vein cu-a absent; Rr extends beyond the joining of vein r; vein A x2 well visible, not joining Ax 1+2 and ending near the joining of vein A and Ax 1+2. LEGS. Slender, increasing in length from fore to hind, without strong modifications. Apex of fore tibia with a pair of very tiny spurs (Fig. 2I). ABDOMEN. Weakly sclerotised; tergite VIII globose, longer and wider than preceding ones, distal margin arcuate, concave, posterior angles projected, with conspicuous glandular openings; tergite IX with two elongated, asymmetrical and protruding lamellae (blades) that converge towards the apex, giving it a shape of ���forceps��� (Fig. 2J); right blade curves ventrally and bifurcates terminally into two unequal lobes (Fig. 3A); left blade broad, apex rounded (Fig. 3C), less sclerotised, almost parallel to abdominal axis; dorsally, tergite IX with pair of glandular openings in apex of short projections, lateral margins rounded, posterior margin slightly arcuate; tergite X large and produced into two unequal, asymmetrical, narrow and elongated lobes (Fig. 3B���C). Sternite VIII wider than long, ���U��� shaped, asymmetrical, forming two narrow and very long asymmetrical lobes (Fig. 3E), sternite IX internalised, weakly sclerotised, elongate, flanking the aedeagus laterally to left inside abdomen. AEDEAGUS. Elongated and weakly sclerotised (Fig. 3F���G); left paramere absent, right paramere and prolongation of tegmen directed posteriorly. Right paramere elongated (Fig. 3H), ventral face with row of setae, apex flattened, forming rounded lobe; left prolongation of tegmen broad and lamellar (Fig. 3J), margins sinuous, apex rounded with tip pointing laterally. Median lobe membranous, short, not twisted, with its broad opening located apically. Female (Fig. 4���5) HABITUS. Length 7.4���7.6 mm (n =2) (Fig. 4A���C). Similar to male, except for eyes slightly smaller (Fig. 4D���E), interocular distance across base of antennae 1.16 times wider than in male; elytra 0.32 times body length, 1.88 times the pronotum length; sternite VII variable (Fig. 4G���H), long and projecting posteriorly into 3 flattened lobes: 2 shorter pointed lobes laterally and medial lobe broad, parallel-sided, distal margin, with rounded notch (Fig. 5A); sometimes lateral lobes longer, almost as long as medial lobe, and distal margin of medial lobe truncate, not notched. Sternite VIII (Fig. 5C) almost completely concealed by sternite VII, membranous, broadly rounded, distal margin with broad rounded lobe projecting posteriorly; tergite VIII rounded on sides basally with wide and deep notch apically forming two apical lobes; coxites small (Fig. 5E), not fused medially, anterior arms very long and slender, apparently fused with valvifers, styles elongate, digitiform. Genitalia membranous (Fig. 5F); vagina long and broad; bursa copulatrix elongate, wrinkled, spiralling; spermatheca formed by two tubular projections; accessory gland large, connected by long winding duct to the postero-dorsal part of bursa copulatrix. Biological notes The specimens were collected on walnut tree leaves (Juglans regia L.) infested with walnut aphids, Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach, 1843) and Panaphis juglandis (Goeze, 1778). Distribution India (Baramulla, Kashmir) (Fig. 8A���B)., Published as part of Zubair, R. M., Maqbool, Amir, Wachkoo, Aijaz Ahmad & Biffi, Gabriel, 2021, A review of the Himalayan genus Trypheridium Brancucci (Coleoptera: Cantharidae: Chauliognathinae with description of a new species, pp. 18-36 in European Journal of Taxonomy 764 on pages 22-26, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.764.1467, http://zenodo.org/record/5236041

Trypheridium nuristanicum (Wittmer, 1956) nom. emend. Figs 6���7 Trypherus nuristanicus Wittmer, 1956: 158. Ichthyurus lopatini Medvedev, 1964: 44, fig. 1. Ichthyurus lopatini ��� Wittmer 1972: 121 (synonym). Trypherus nuristanicus ��� Magis & Wittmer 1974: figs 7, 11 (morphology). ��� Delkeskamp 1977: 479 (catalogue). ��� Brancucci 1980: 257, fig. 219 (morphology). Trypheridium nuristanicus ��� Brancucci 1985a: 246, figs 1���4 (re-description); 1985b: 296 (species list). ��� Kazantsev 2004: 30 (catalogue); 2012: 403 (catalogue). ��� Kazantsev & Brancucci 2007: 297 (catalogue). Diagnosis Trypheridium nuristanicum differs from T. kashmiricum sp. nov. in the structure of the male and female terminal abdominal segments. In males, the right blade of tergite IX is undivided terminally and tergite X is divided into two short asymmetrical lobes. Sternite VII in females is short, partly exposing sternite VIII, with 2 projections at the distal margin. Material examined (from photographs) Paratypes AFGHANISTAN ��� 1 ♂; Nuristan, Baschgaltal; 1200 m a.s.l.; 15Apr.1953; Wittmer W. leg.; [Klapperich J., Afghanistan exped.]; ���Paratype; CANTHARIDAE, CANTH 00014269, [QR Code label]���; NHMB ��� 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, same collection data as for preceding; det. Wittmer W.; ���Paratype; Trypherus nuristanicus Wittm.; CANTH00013839; [QR Code label]���; NHMB ��� 1 ♂; Nuristan, Baschgaltal; 1100 m a.s.l.; 15 Apr.1953; Wittmer W. leg.; ���Klapperich J., Afghanistan exped.���; NHMB. Re-description (partly adapted from Wittmer 1956 and Brancucci 1985a) Coloration Head black in the vertex and occipital region, yellow in the frons and clypeus. Antennae dark brown, except the three or four first antennomeres and sometimes the underside of the later, yellow. Palpi light brown, infuscate at distal palpomeres. Pronotum yellow with a transversal black band at posterior half, nearly reaching the lateral and posterior pronotal margins. Elytra sulphur yellow, sometimes lighter at the apex; a triangular dark brown patch from the base of elytra extending posteriorly along the suture up to about posterior third of elytra. Wings, meso- and metaventrite dark brown to black. Legs usually black; fore tibia and base of femur sometimes testaceous to light brown, fore femur rarely completely testaceous; bases of mid femur and tibia sometimes lighter. Abdominal ventrites and tergites dark brown to black at the centre and yellow at the margins; last ventrites and tergites mostly to completely yellow. Coloration in females, especially of the legs, usually a little darker. Male (Fig. 6) HABITUS. Length 6.5���8.5 mm (Fig. 6A). HEAD. Head (including the eyes) wider than pronotum; vertex flat, frons slightly concave between eyes, with fine longitudinal furrow in middle, which ends in semicircular impression between antennae sockets; integument smooth and lustrous, with very small punctures and densely covered with short and fine setae. Eyes large, bulging; interocular space slightly wider than widest width of eye. Antennae filiform, slender, reaching apex of elytra posteriorly, covered with short and fine setae; antennomere I slender, II more than a third shorter than III, antennomeres IV and V subequal and following decreasing in length. PRONOTUM. Transverse (Fig. 6B) 1.1 times as wide as long, sides narrowed posteriorly, anterior margin regularly arched, anterior angles barely defined, posterior margin projected posteriorly, truncate at middle and concave laterally; disc slightly arched, integument smooth and lustrous, coarsely punctured and densely covered with fine pubescence. Scutellum with sides parallel, apex truncate. ELYTRA. Short, 1.4 times longer than width of both elytra; sides slightly narrowed at posterior third, sutures parallel anteriorly and dehiscent from posterior third, apex of each elytron rounded and flattened; integument slightly rugose, almost smooth, with fine punctures and densely covered with short and fine setae. LEGS. Slender, increasing in length from fore to hind, without strong modifications. Apex of fore tibia with pair of tiny spurs (Fig. 6C). ABDOMEN. Weakly sclerotised; tergite VIII globose (Fig. 6D), longer and wider than preceding ones, distal margin arcuate, concave, posterior angles with conspicuous glandular openings; tergite IX modified into capsule with two elongate, asymmetrical and protruding lamellae (blades) that converge towards apex (Fig. 6E���F): left blade curved ventrally and posteriorly, long, flattened, weakly sclerotised, apex broadly rounded; right blade shorter, more strongly curved ventrally, apex rounded, undivided; tergite X strongly narrowed (Fig. 6F), longer than wide, split at base into two asymmetrical lobes projected posteriorly, one of lobes slightly shorter than other. Sternite VIII asymmetrical, distal margin deeply notched, sinuous, with sides projected posteriorly; sternite IX lamellar (Fig. 6F), weakly sclerotised, concealed underneath tergites VII and VIII. AEDEAGUS. Elongate, weakly sclerotised (Fig. 6G���I); left paramere absent, right paramere and prolongation of tegmen directed posteriorly. Right paramere elongated, ventral face with row of setae, apex flattened, forming rounded lobe; left prolongation of tegmen broad and lamellar, margins sinuous, apex truncate with tip pointing laterally, outer margin with fringe of setae. Median lobe membranous, short, not twisted, opening broad, located apically. Female (Fig. 7) Similar to males, except for eyes smaller, less protruding, interocular space 1.4 times larger than widest diameter of eye; antennae shorter, not reaching apex of elytra posteriorly. Sternite VII strongly and variably modified, elongate, projected distally into pair of forked lamellar projections, parallel to slightly divergent, apices rounded, sides of projections angulate at base or near mid length (Fig. 7B); sternite VIII subquadrate, broad and long, partly concealed by sternite VII, lateral margins arched, distal margin with rounded projecting lobe in middle tergite VIII convex, lateral margins slightly arched, distal margin broadly arched, concave, distal angles projected posteriorly, with glandular openings; tergite IX short and broad, distal margins slightly arched, concave (Fig. 7C). Genitalia membranous (Fig. 7D); vagina long and broad; bursa copulatrix elongate, wrinkled, spiralling; spermatheca formed by two tubular projections; accessory gland large, connected by long winding duct to the postero-dorsal part of bursa copulatrix. Remarks Brancucci (1985a) proposed Trypheridium nuristanicus (sic) as a new combination in his description of the neuter genus Trypheridium, of which it is the type species. He omitted to adjust the gender of the species name to agree with Trypheridium. The gender of nuristanicus (an adjective formed from the name of the type locality Nuristan in Afghanistan) is emended to nuristanicum to agree with the neuter Latin suffix -idium of Trypheridium (ICZN 1999, Art. 34.2). When proposing the genus, LeConte (1851) did not give an etymology for Trypherus, but Gemminger & Harold (1869) defined the name as meaning ��� debilis ��� (week, feeble, fragile, etc). ��� Trypheridium ��� is a diminutive, a ���little Trypherus ���. Distribution Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Nuristan); Pakistan (Swat) (Fig. 8A)., Published as part of Zubair, R. M., Maqbool, Amir, Wachkoo, Aijaz Ahmad & Biffi, Gabriel, 2021, A review of the Himalayan genus Trypheridium Brancucci (Coleoptera: Cantharidae: Chauliognathinae with description of a new species, pp. 18-36 in European Journal of Taxonomy 764 on pages 29-33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.764.1467, http://zenodo.org/record/5236041, {"references":["Wittmer W. 1956. Afghanistan Ausbeute von Herrn J. Klapperich, 1952 / 53. Revue suisse de Zoologie 63 (2): 115 - 161. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 75446","Medvedev L. 1964. New species of Ichthyurus (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) from Tajikistan. Doklady Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoj SSR 7 (6): 44 - 46. [In Russian.]","Wittmer W. 1972. Synonymische und systematische Notizen sowie neue Taxa in Cantharidae (Col.). Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel 82 (1): 105 - 121.","Magis N. & Wittmer W. 1974. Nouvelle repartition des genres de la sous-famille des Chauliognathinae (Coleoptera, Cantharoidea: Cantharidae). Extrait du Bulletin de la Societe royale des Sciences de Liege 1 - 2: 78 - 95.","Delkeskamp K. 1977. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa, Pars 165, Fasc. 1. Col. Cantharidae. Dr W. Junk, The Hague.","Brancucci M. 1980. Morphologie comparee, evolution et systematique des Cantharidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). Entomologica Basiliensia 5: 215 - 388.","Brancucci M. 1985 a. Trypheridium n. gen., un nouveau genre pour Trypherus nuristanicus Wittmer (Cantharidae, Coleoptera). Entomologica Basiliensia 10: 245 - 249.","Kazantsev S. V. 2004. A checklist of Cantharidae (Coleoptera) of the ex-USSR. Russian Entomological Journal 13 (1 - 2): 23 - 34.","Kazantsev S. V. & Brancucci M. 2007. Family Cantharidae Imhoff, 1856. In: Lobl I. & Smetana A. (eds) Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 4 (Elateroidea, Derodontoidea, Bostrichoidea, Lymexyloidea, Cleroidea, Cucujoidea): 234 - 298. Apollo Books, Stenstrup.","ICZN 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Fourth edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London. Available from https: // www. iczn. org [accessed 19 Jun. 2020].","LeConte J. L. 1851. Synopsis of the Lampyridae of temperate North America. Proceedings of the California Academy of Natural Science 5: 331 - 347.","Gemminger M. & Harold B. 1869. Catalogus Coleopterorum hucusque descriptorum synonymicus et systematicus. Tom. VI. Rhipidoceridae, Dascillidae, Malacodermidae, Cleridae, Lymexylonidae, Cupesidae, Ptinidae, Bostrychidae, Cioidae: 1609 - 1800. Sumptu E. H. Gummi, Monachii. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9089"]}

Casari, Foreword from the editors Sônia A., Biffi, Gabriel (2020): Systematics, bionomy, and metamorphosis of Coleoptera (Insecta): Papers celebrating the 80 birthday of Cleide Costa. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 (1): 1-23, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.01, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.special-issue.01

Peltariosilis major sp. nov. (Figs. 4 E-H, 5F, 10F, 12F, 13C, 14C, 15I-L) Type series: HOLOTYPE ♂ (INPA):" BRASIL, Amapá, Serra do Navio, / Estrada Lagoa Azul, / 0˚52′52″N–51˚58′49″W, / Varredura, 18.iv.2014, J. T. / Câmara, A. Plant & J.A. Rafael // Peltariosilis / n. sp. / det. M. Geiser 2018" (Fig. 5F). Diagnosis: Pronotum with laterobasal lobe flattened, apex curved downwards, with acute lateral spine; dorsal projections very small, sharp, distal margins sinuous, with acute lateral apex acute, pointing posteriorly; scutellar projection lamellar, long, triangular, nearly symmetrical, regularly narrowing apically. Peltariosilis major sp. nov. differs from all other species by the very small dorsal projections of pronotum and by laterobasal lobes flattened dorsally with apex acute curved downwards. Description: Head mostly black, slightly lighter at anterior margin of clypeus; maxillae and labium testaceous yellow; mandibles light brown, darker apically; antennae mostly black, antennomeres I-II orange brown, X-XI dark brown; pronotum and scutellum light orange brown, slightly translucent; elytra dark brown, lighter at lateral margins; legs light orange brown; thorax and abdomen dark brown. Male: (Fig. 5F): Antennae short; antennomere I elongate, slightly wider apically,II short, cylindrical,III-VIII nearly fusiform,slightly swollen,IX-XI slender.Pronotum (Fig.10F): anterior margin broadly arched, continuous with frontolateral lobes; laterobasal lobe with one small acute lateral spine, dorsal surface flattened, posterior margin sharp, oblique, apex acute, strongly curved downwards; dorsal projections very small, posterior margin sharp, sinuous, with small acute lateral spine pointing posteriorly. Scutellum (Fig. 12F) with a long, nearly symmetrical, triangular lamellar projection, regularly narrowing apically. Elytra nearly parallel,slightly wider posteriorly;apex truncate. Abdominal tergite VIII (Fig. 13C) very broad, trapezoidal, lateral margins broadly rounded, wider medially; glandular pores not protruding; distal margin concave, with a small, shallow rounded median notch. Ventrite VII (Fig. 14C) wide, lateral margins slightly convergent posteriorly, wider anteriorly; posterior margin arched; internal margins of median incision nearly parallel, halves broadly separated. Aedeagus (Fig. 15 I-L): ventral plaque of tegmen lateroventral, as long as internal sac, flattened laterally, broad, apex oblique with an acute dorsal pointing tip; parameres fused at base and broadly divergent apically and curved dorsally, apex rounded with small tip pointing dorsally; median lobe membranous, translucent; internal sac tubular, very elongate, slightly curved dorsally, moderately sclerotised, apex membranous; one pair of median dorsal sclerites sinuous, divergent at base than convergent at apex,apex acute, slightly curved ventrally; one pair of short, acute, sclerotised lateral sclerites; paramedian dorsal sclerites elongate, slightly curved internally narrowing at apex, flanking median dorsal sclerites; ventral sclerites not flanking internal sac, parallel to dorsal sclerites and paramedian dorsal sclerites, very elongated, slender, sinuous, curved internally, apex acute, convergent, directed ventrally. Female: Unknown. Etymology: The specific epithet major (Latin for"larger") refers to the larger size of the species in comparison with the others. Distribution: Brazil (Amapá state) (Fig. 18).