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2. Genome-wide association analyses identify 95 risk loci and provide insights into the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress disorder

Author

Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia-Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R. I., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Duncan, Laramie E., Polimanti, Renato, Aaronson, Cindy, Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Soren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegoviç, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bacanu, Silviu-Alin, Baker, Dewleen G., Batzler, Anthony, Beckham, Jean C., Belangero, Sintia, Benjet, Corina, Bergner, Carisa, Bierer, Linda M., Biernacka, Joanna M., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Brandolino, Amber, Breen, Gerome, Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Børglum, Anders D., Børte, Sigrid, Cahn, Leah, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Chatzinakos, Chris, Cheema, Sheraz, Clouston, Sean A. P., Colodro-Conde, Lucía, Coombes, Brandon J., Cruz-Fuentes, Carlos S., Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, Davis, Lea K., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Desarnaud, Frank, DiPietro, Christopher P., Disner, Seth G., Docherty, Anna R., Domschke, Katharina, Dyb, Grete, Kulenović, Alma Džubur, Edenberg, Howard J., Evans, Alexandra, Fabbri, Chiara, Fani, Negar, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feder, Adriana, Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles F., Goleva, Slavina B., Gordon, Scott D., Goçi, Aferdita, Grasser, Lana Ruvolo, Guindalini, Camila, Haas, Magali, Hagenaars, Saskia, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Hesselbrock, Victor, Hickie, Ian B., Hogan, Kelleigh, Hougaard, David Michael, Huang, Hailiang, Huckins, Laura M., Hveem, Kristian, Jakovljević, Miro, Javanbakht, Arash, Jenkins, Gregory D., Johnson, Jessica, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kennedy, James L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kotov, Roman, Kranzler, Henry R., Krebs, Kristi, Kremen, William S., Kuan, Pei-Fen, Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A. M., Lehto, Kelli, Levey, Daniel F., Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Logue, Mark W., Lori, Adriana, Lu, Yi, Luft, Benjamin J., Lupton, Michelle K., Luykx, Jurjen J., Makotkine, Iouri, Maples-Keller, Jessica L., Marchese, Shelby, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Nicholas G., Martínez-Levy, Gabriela A., McAloney, Kerrie, McFarlane, Alexander, McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., Medland, Sarah E., Mehta, Divya, Meyers, Jacquelyn, Michopoulos, Vasiliki, Mikita, Elizabeth A., Milani, Lili, Milberg, William, Miller, Mark W., Morey, Rajendra A., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Mufford, Mary S., Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., Nugent, Nicole R., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Pan, Pedro M., Panizzon, Matthew S., Pathak, Gita A., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Porjesz, Bernice, Powers, Abigail, Qin, Xue-Jun, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Rung, Ariane, Runz, Heiko, Rutten, Bart P. F., de Viteri, Stacey Saenz, Salum, Giovanni Abrahão, Sampson, Laura, Sanchez, Sixto E., Santoro, Marcos, Seah, Carina, Seedat, Soraya, Seng, Julia S., Shabalin, Andrey, Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stensland, Synne, Stevens, Jennifer S., Sumner, Jennifer A., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Tiwari, Arun K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur, Van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Waszczuk, Monika, Weber, Heike, Wendt, Frank R., Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winsvold, Bendik S., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Xia, Yan, Xiong, Ying, Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross McD, Zai, Clement C., Zai, Gwyneth C., Zervas, Mark, Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Zwart, John-Anker, deRoon-Cassini, Terri, van Rooij, Sanne J. H., van den Heuvel, Leigh L., Stein, Murray B., Ressler, Kerry J., and Koenen, Karestan C.

Published
2024
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3. Diagnostic Criteria for Identifying Individuals at High Risk of Progression From Mild or Moderate to Severe Alcohol Use Disorder

Author

Miller, Alex P, Kuo, Sally I-Chun, Johnson, Emma C, Tillman, Rebecca, Brislin, Sarah J, Dick, Danielle M, Kamarajan, Chella, Kinreich, Sivan, Kramer, John, McCutcheon, Vivia V, Plawecki, Martin H, Porjesz, Bernice, Schuckit, Marc A, Salvatore, Jessica E, Edenberg, Howard J, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Meyers, Jaquelyn L, Agrawal, Arpana, Hesselbrock, Victor, Foroud, Tatiana, Liu, Yunlong, Kuperman, Samuel, Pandey, Ashwini K, Bierut, Laura J, Rice, John, Tischfield, Jay A, Hart, Ronald P, Almasy, Laura, Goate, Alison, Slesinger, Paul, Scott, Denise M, Bauer, Lance O, Nurnberger, John I, Wetherill, Leah, Xuei, Xiaoling, Lai, Dongbing, O'Connor, Sean J, Chan, Grace, Chorlian, David B, Zhang, Jian, Barr, Peter B, Pandey, Gayathri, Mullins, Niamh, Anokhin, Andrey P, Hartz, Sarah, Saccone, Scott, Moore, Jennifer C, Aliev, Fazil, Pang, Zhiping, Merikangas, Alison, Chin, Hemin, and Parsian, Abbas

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Substance Misuse, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

ImportanceCurrent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5) diagnoses of substance use disorders rely on criterion count-based approaches, disregarding severity grading indexed by individual criteria.ObjectiveTo examine correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) across count-based severity groups (ie, mild, moderate, mild-to-moderate, severe), identify specific diagnostic criteria indicative of greater severity, and evaluate whether specific criteria within mild-to-moderate AUD differentiate across relevant correlates and manifest in greater hazards of severe AUD development.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study involved 2 cohorts from the family-based Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) with 7 sites across the United States: cross-sectional (assessed 1991-2005) and longitudinal (assessed 2004-2019). Statistical analyses were conducted from December 2022 to June 2023.Main outcomes and measuresSociodemographic, alcohol-related, psychiatric comorbidity, brain electroencephalography (EEG), and AUD polygenic score measures as correlates of DSM-5 AUD levels (ie, mild, moderate, severe) and criterion severity-defined mild-to-moderate AUD diagnostic groups (ie, low-risk vs high-risk mild-to-moderate).ResultsA total of 13 110 individuals from the cross-sectional COGA cohort (mean [SD] age, 37.8 [14.2] years) and 2818 individuals from the longitudinal COGA cohort (mean baseline [SD] age, 16.1 [3.2] years) were included. Associations with alcohol-related, psychiatric, EEG, and AUD polygenic score measures reinforced the role of increasing criterion counts as indexing severity. Yet within mild-to-moderate AUD (2-5 criteria), the presence of specific high-risk criteria (eg, withdrawal) identified a group reporting heavier drinking and greater psychiatric comorbidity even after accounting for criterion count differences. In longitudinal analyses, prior mild-to-moderate AUD characterized by endorsement of at least 1 high-risk criterion was associated with more accelerated progression to severe AUD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 11.62; 95% CI, 7.54-17.92) compared with prior mild-to-moderate AUD without endorsement of high-risk criteria (aHR, 5.64; 95% CI, 3.28-9.70), independent of criterion count.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of a combined 15 928 individuals, findings suggested that simple count-based AUD diagnostic approaches to estimating severe AUD vulnerability, which ignore heterogeneity among criteria, may be improved by emphasizing specific high-risk criteria. Such emphasis may allow better focus on individuals at the greatest risk and improve understanding of the development of AUD.

Published
2023

4. COVID-19 pandemic stressors are associated with reported increases in frequency of drunkenness among individuals with a history of alcohol use disorder

Author

Meyers, Jacquelyn L, McCutcheon, Vivia V, Horne-Osipenko, Kristina A, Waters, Lawrence R, Barr, Peter, Chan, Grace, Chorlian, David B, Johnson, Emma C, Kuo, Sally I-Chun, Kramer, John R, Dick, Danielle M, Kuperman, Samuel, Kamarajan, Chella, Pandey, Gayathri, Singman, Dzov, de Viteri, Stacey Subbie-Saenz, Salvatore, Jessica E, Bierut, Laura J, Foroud, Tatiana, Goate, Alison, Hesselbrock, Victor, Nurnberger, John, Plaweck, Martin H, Schuckit, Marc A, Agrawal, Arpana, Edenberg, Howard J, Bucholz, Kathleen K, and Porjesz, Bernice

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Mental Health, Substance Misuse, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Neurosciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

Some sources report increases in alcohol use have been observed since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among women. Cross-sectional studies suggest that specific COVID-19-related stressful experiences (e.g., social disconnection) may be driving such increases in the general population. Few studies have explored these topics among individuals with a history of Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD), an especially vulnerable population. Drawing on recent data collected by the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA; COVID-19 study N = 1651, 62% women, age range: 30-91) in conjunction with AUD history data collected on the sample since 1990, we investigated associations of COVID-19 related stressors and coping activities with changes in drunkenness frequency since the start of the pandemic. Analyses were conducted for those without a history of AUD (N: 645) and three groups of participants with a history of AUD prior to the start of the pandemic: (1) those experiencing AUD symptoms (N: 606), (2) those in remission who were drinking (N: 231), and (3) those in remission who were abstinent (had not consumed alcohol for 5+ years; N: 169). Gender-stratified models were also examined. Exploratory analyses examined the moderating effects of 'problematic alcohol use' polygenic risk scores (PRS) and neural connectivity (i.e., posterior interhemispheric alpha EEG coherence) on associations between COVID-19 stressors and coping activities with changes in the frequency of drunkenness. Increases in drunkenness frequency since the start of the pandemic were higher among those with a lifetime AUD diagnosis experiencing symptoms prior to the start of the pandemic (14% reported increased drunkenness) when compared to those without a history of AUD (5% reported increased drunkenness). Among individuals in remission from AUD prior to the start of the pandemic, rates of increased drunkenness were 10% for those who were drinking pre-pandemic and 4% for those who had previously been abstinent. Across all groups, women reported nominally greater increases in drunkenness frequency when compared with men, although only women experiencing pre-pandemic AUD symptoms reported significantly greater rates of increased drunkenness since the start of the pandemic compared to men in this group (17% of women vs. 5% of men). Among those without a prior history of AUD, associations between COVID-19 risk and protective factors with increases in drunkenness frequency were not observed. Among all groups with a history of AUD (including those with AUD symptoms and those remitted from AUD), perceived stress was associated with increases in drunkenness. Among the remitted-abstinent group, essential worker status was associated with increases in drunkenness. Gender differences in these associations were observed: among women in the remitted-abstinent group, essential worker status, perceived stress, media consumption, and decreased social interactions were associated with increases in drunkenness. Among men in the remitted-drinking group, perceived stress was associated with increases in drunkenness, and increased relationship quality was associated with decreases in drunkenness. Exploratory analyses indicated that associations between family illness or death with increases in drunkenness and increased relationship quality with decreases in drunkenness were more pronounced among the remitted-drinking participants with higher PRS. Associations between family illness or death, media consumption, and economic hardships with increases in drunkenness and healthy coping with decreases in drunkenness were more pronounced among the remitted-abstinent group with lower interhemispheric alpha EEG connectivity. Our results demonstrated that only individuals with pre-pandemic AUD symptoms reported greater increases in drunkenness frequency since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to those without a lifetime history of AUD. This increase was more pronounced among women than men in this group. However, COVID-19-related stressors and coping activities were associated with changes in the frequency of drunkenness among all groups of participants with a prior history of AUD, including those experiencing AUD symptoms, as well as abstinent and non-abstinent participants in remission. Perceived stress, essential worker status, media consumption, social connections (especially for women), and relationship quality (especially for men) are specific areas of focus for designing intervention and prevention strategies aimed at reducing pandemic-related alcohol misuse among this particularly vulnerable group. Interestingly, these associations were not observed for individuals without a prior history of AUD, supporting prior literature that demonstrates that widespread stressors (e.g., pandemics, terrorist attacks) disproportionately impact the mental health and alcohol use of those with a prior history of problems.

Published
2023

5. The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: Sample and clinical data

Author

Dick, Danielle M, Balcke, Emily, McCutcheon, Vivia, Francis, Meredith, Kuo, Sally, Salvatore, Jessica, Meyers, Jacquelyn, Bierut, Laura J, Schuckit, Marc, Hesselbrock, Victor, Edenberg, Howard J, Porjesz, Bernice, Collaborators, COGA, Kuperman, Samuel, Kramer, John, and Bucholz, Kathleen

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Neurosciences, Substance Misuse, Brain Disorders, Genetic Testing, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, COGA Collaborators, alcohol, comorbidity, development, drug, environment, genetics, lifespan, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism (COGA) is a multi-site, multidisciplinary project with the goal of identifying how genes are involved in alcohol use disorder and related outcomes, and characterizing how genetic risk unfolds across development and in conjunction with the environment and brain function. COGA is a multi-generational family-based study in which probands were recruited through alcohol treatment centers, along with a set of community comparison families. Nearly 18,000 individuals from >2200 families have been assessed over a period of over 30 years with a rich phenotypic battery that includes semi-structured psychiatric interviews and questionnaire measures, along with DNA collection and electrophysiological data on a large subset. Participants range in age from 7 to 97, with many having longitudinal assessments, providing a valuable opportunity to study alcohol use and problems across the lifespan. Here we provide an overview of data collection methods for the COGA sample, and details about sample characteristics and comorbidity. We also review key research findings that have emerged from analyses of the COGA data. COGA data are available broadly to researchers, and we hope this overview will encourage further collaboration and use of these data to advance the field.

Published
2023

6. Trans-ancestry epigenome-wide association meta-analysis of DNA methylation with lifetime cannabis use

Author

Fang, Fang, Quach, Bryan, Lawrence, Kaitlyn G., van Dongen, Jenny, Marks, Jesse A., Lundgren, Sara, Lin, Mingkuan, Odintsova, Veronika V., Costeira, Ricardo, Xu, Zongli, Zhou, Linran, Mandal, Meisha, Xia, Yujing, Vink, Jacqueline M., Bierut, Laura J., Ollikainen, Miina, Taylor, Jack A., Bell, Jordana T., Kaprio, Jaakko, Boomsma, Dorret I., Xu, Ke, Sandler, Dale P., Hancock, Dana B., and Johnson, Eric O.

Published
2024
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8. Predicting Alcohol-Related Memory Problems in Older Adults: A Machine Learning Study with Multi-Domain Features

Author

Kamarajan, Chella, Pandey, Ashwini K, Chorlian, David B, Meyers, Jacquelyn L, Kinreich, Sivan, Pandey, Gayathri, de Viteri, Stacey Subbie-Saenz, Zhang, Jian, Kuang, Weipeng, Barr, Peter B, Aliev, Fazil, Anokhin, Andrey P, Plawecki, Martin H, Kuperman, Samuel, Almasy, Laura, Merikangas, Alison, Brislin, Sarah J, Bauer, Lance, Hesselbrock, Victor, Chan, Grace, Kramer, John, Lai, Dongbing, Hartz, Sarah, Bierut, Laura J, McCutcheon, Vivia V, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Dick, Danielle M, Schuckit, Marc A, Edenberg, Howard J, and Porjesz, Bernice

Subjects
Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, Substance Misuse, Neurosciences, Prevention, Mental Health, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Clinical Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, alcohol use disorder, EEG source functional connectivity, default mode network, alcohol-related memory problems, random forests, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

Memory problems are common among older adults with a history of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Employing a machine learning framework, the current study investigates the use of multi-domain features to classify individuals with and without alcohol-induced memory problems. A group of 94 individuals (ages 50-81 years) with alcohol-induced memory problems (the memory group) were compared with a matched control group who did not have memory problems. The random forests model identified specific features from each domain that contributed to the classification of the memory group vs. the control group (AUC = 88.29%). Specifically, individuals from the memory group manifested a predominant pattern of hyperconnectivity across the default mode network regions except for some connections involving the anterior cingulate cortex, which were predominantly hypoconnected. Other significant contributing features were: (i) polygenic risk scores for AUD, (ii) alcohol consumption and related health consequences during the past five years, such as health problems, past negative experiences, withdrawal symptoms, and the largest number of drinks in a day during the past twelve months, and (iii) elevated neuroticism and increased harm avoidance, and fewer positive "uplift" life events. At the neural systems level, hyperconnectivity across the default mode network regions, including the connections across the hippocampal hub regions, in individuals with memory problems may indicate dysregulation in neural information processing. Overall, the study outlines the importance of utilizing multidomain features, consisting of resting-state brain connectivity data collected ~18 years ago, together with personality, life experiences, polygenic risk, and alcohol consumption and related consequences, to predict the alcohol-related memory problems that arise in later life.

Published
2023

9. Psychological trauma and the genetic overlap between posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder

Author

Mundy, Jessica, Hübel, Christopher, Gelernter, Joel, Levey, Daniel, Murray, Robin M, Skelton, Megan, Stein, Murray B, Maihofer, Adam X, Nievergelt, Caroline M, Baker, Dewlen G, Risborough, Victoria B, Calabrese, Joseph R, Galea, Sandro, Stein, Dan J, Koen, Nastassja, Dalvie, Shareefa, Aiello, Allison E, Roberts, Andrea L, Koenen, KC, Solovieff, Nadia, Kranzler, Henry R, Zhao, Hongyu, Farrer, Lindsay A, Johnson, Eric Otto, Rice, John P, Bierut, Laura J, Saccone, Nancy L, McFarlane, Alexander, Forbes, David, Silove, Derrick, O'Donnell, Meaghan, Bryant, Richard A, van Hooff, Miranda, Sponheim, Scott R, Disner, Seth G, Pietrzak, Robert H, Chen, Chia-Yen, Smoller, Jordan W, Ursano, Robert J, Kessler, Ronald C, Junglen, Angela G, Delahanty, Douglas L, Amstadter, Ananda B, Sheerin, Christina M, Ruggiero, Ken, McLaughlin, Katie A, Peverill, Matthew, Caldas-de-Almeida, JM, Austin, S Bryn, Gelaye, Bizu, Williams, Michelle A, Sanchez, Sixto E, Franz, Carol E, Panizzon, Matthew S, Lyons, Michael J, Kremen, William S, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, Rutten, Bart PF, Vinkers, Christiaan, Schijven, Dick, Geuze, Elbert, Vermetten, Eric, Luykx, Jurjen J, Boks, Marco P, Ashley-Koch, Allison E, Beckham, Jean C, Garrett, Melanie E, Hauser, Michael A, Dennis, Michelle F, Kimbrel, Nathan A, Qin, Xue-Jun, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Andersen, Soren B, Borglum, Anders D, Hougaard, David Michael, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Duncan, Laramie E, Bµkvad-Hansen, Marie, Nordentoft, Merete, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, PB, Werge, Thomas, Thompson, Wesley K, Wang, Yunpeng, Heath, Andrew C, Nelson, Elliot C, Martin, Nicholas G, Gordon, Scott D, Wolf, Erika J, Logue, Mark W, Miller, Mark W, McGlinchey, Regina E, Milberg, William, Erbes, Christopher R, Polusny, Melissa A, Arbisi, Paul A, and Peterson, Alan L

Subjects
Prevention, Clinical Research, Genetics, Serious Mental Illness, Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Human Genome, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, psychological trauma, genetics, genetic correlations, polygenic risk scores, Million Veteran Program, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Neurosciences, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Psychiatry
Abstract

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are commonly reported co-occurring mental health consequences of psychological trauma exposure. The disorders have high genetic overlap. Trauma is a complex phenotype but research suggests that trauma sensitivity has a heritable basis. We investigated whether sensitivity to trauma in those with MDD reflects a similar genetic component in those with PTSD.MethodsGenetic correlations between PTSD and MDD in individuals reporting trauma and MDD in individuals not reporting trauma were estimated, as well as with recurrent MDD and single-episode MDD, using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Genetic correlations were replicated using PTSD data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and the Million Veteran Program. Polygenic risk scores were generated in UK Biobank participants who met the criteria for lifetime MDD (N = 29 471). We investigated whether genetic loading for PTSD was associated with reporting trauma in these individuals.ResultsGenetic loading for PTSD was significantly associated with reporting trauma in individuals with MDD [OR 1.04 (95% CI 1.01-1.07), Empirical-p = 0.02]. PTSD was significantly more genetically correlated with recurrent MDD than with MDD in individuals not reporting trauma (rg differences = ~0.2, p < 0.008). Participants who had experienced recurrent MDD reported significantly higher rates of trauma than participants who had experienced single-episode MDD (χ2 > 166, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings point towards the existence of genetic variants associated with trauma sensitivity that might be shared between PTSD and MDD, although replication with better powered GWAS is needed. Our findings corroborate previous research highlighting trauma exposure as a key risk factor for recurrent MDD.

Published
2022

10. Alcohol Use Disorder–Associated DNA Methylation in the Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Author

White, Julie D., Minto, Melyssa S., Willis, Caryn, Quach, Bryan C., Han, Shizhong, Tao, Ran, Deep-Soboslay, Amy, Zillich, Lea, Witt, Stephanie H., Spanagel, Rainer, Hansson, Anita C., Clark, Shaunna L., van den Oord, Edwin J.C.G., Hyde, Thomas M., Mayfield, R. Dayne, Webb, Bradley T., Johnson, Eric O., Kleinman, Joel E., Bierut, Laura J., and Hancock, Dana B.

Published
2024
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12. Enhancing Discovery of Genetic Variants for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Through Integration of Quantitative Phenotypes and Trauma Exposure Information

Author

Maihofer, Adam X, Choi, Karmel W, Coleman, Jonathan RI, Daskalakis, Nikolaos P, Denckla, Christy A, Ketema, Elizabeth, Morey, Rajendra A, Polimanti, Renato, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Torres, Katy, Wingo, Aliza P, Zai, Clement C, Aiello, Allison E, Almli, Lynn M, Amstadter, Ananda B, Andersen, Soren B, Andreassen, Ole A, Arbisi, Paul A, Ashley-Koch, Allison E, Austin, S Bryn, Avdibegović, Esmina, Borglum, Anders D, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G, Beckham, Jean C, Bierut, Laura J, Bisson, Jonathan I, Boks, Marco P, Bolger, Elizabeth A, Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Meghan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A, Bustamante, Angela C, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R, Caldas-de-Almeida, José M, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dale, Anders M, Dalvie, Shareefa, Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L, Dennis, Michelle F, Disner, Seth G, Domschke, Katharina, Duncan, Laramie E, Džubur Kulenović, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R, Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A, Feeny, Norah C, Flory, Janine D, Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E, Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E, Gautam, Aarti, Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles F, Goçi, Aferdita, Gordon, Scott D, Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Hauser, Michael A, Heath, Andrew C, Hemmings, Sian MJ, Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljević, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue-Jun, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L, Kessler, Ronald C, Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A, King, Anthony P, Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R, Kremen, William S, Lawford, Bruce R, Lebois, Lauren AM, Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D, Logue, Mark W, Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Božo, Luykx, Jurjen J, Lyons, Michael J, Maples-Keller, Jessica L, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Nicholas G, Maurer, Douglas, and Mavissakalian, Matig R

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Anxiety Disorders, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Prevention, Human Genome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, GWAS, Heritability, PTSD, PheWAS, Trauma, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Psychology
Abstract

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs).MethodsA GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. Functional mapping and annotation of leading loci was performed with FUMA. Replication was evaluated using the Million Veteran Program GWAS of PTSD total symptoms.ResultsGWASs of PTSD symptoms and LTE burden identified 5 and 6 independent genome-wide significant loci, respectively. There was a 72% genetic correlation between PTSD and LTE. PTSD and LTE showed largely similar patterns of genetic correlation with other traits, albeit with some distinctions. Adjusting PTSD for LTE reduced PTSD heritability by 31%. Multivariate analysis of PTSD and LTE increased the effective sample size of the PTSD GWAS by 20% and identified 4 additional loci. Four of these 9 PTSD loci were independently replicated in the Million Veteran Program.ConclusionsThrough using a quantitative trait measure of PTSD, we identified novel risk loci not previously identified using prior case-control analyses. PTSD and LTE have a high genetic overlap that can be leveraged to increase discovery power through multivariate methods.

Published
2022

14. Integration of evidence across human and model organism studies: A meeting report

Author

Palmer, Rohan HC, Johnson, Emma C, Won, Hyejung, Polimanti, Renato, Kapoor, Manav, Chitre, Apurva, Bogue, Molly A, Benca‐Bachman, Chelsie E, Parker, Clarissa C, Verma, Anurag, Reynolds, Timothy, Ernst, Jason, Bray, Michael, Bin Kwon, Soo, Lai, Dongbing, Quach, Bryan C, Gaddis, Nathan C, Saba, Laura, Chen, Hao, Hawrylycz, Michael, Zhang, Shan, Zhou, Yuan, Mahaffey, Spencer, Fischer, Christian, Sanchez‐Roige, Sandra, Bandrowski, Anita, Lu, Qing, Shen, Li, Philip, Vivek, Gelernter, Joel, Bierut, Laura J, Hancock, Dana B, Edenberg, Howard J, Johnson, Eric O, Nestler, Eric J, Barr, Peter B, Prins, Pjotr, Smith, Desmond J, Akbarian, Schahram, Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir, Walton, Dave, Baker, Erich, Jacobson, Daniel, Palmer, Abraham A, Miles, Michael, Chesler, Elissa J, Emerson, Jake, Agrawal, Arpana, Martone, Maryann, and Williams, Robert W

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Substance Misuse, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), Brain Disorders, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, cross-species, data integration, drug abuse, genomics, GWAS, model organisms, multi-omic, substance use disorders, working group, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Neurosciences
Abstract

The National Institute on Drug Abuse and Joint Institute for Biological Sciences at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory hosted a meeting attended by a diverse group of scientists with expertise in substance use disorders (SUDs), computational biology, and FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) data sharing. The meeting's objective was to discuss and evaluate better strategies to integrate genetic, epigenetic, and 'omics data across human and model organisms to achieve deeper mechanistic insight into SUDs. Specific topics were to (a) evaluate the current state of substance use genetics and genomics research and fundamental gaps, (b) identify opportunities and challenges of integration and sharing across species and data types, (c) identify current tools and resources for integration of genetic, epigenetic, and phenotypic data, (d) discuss steps and impediment related to data integration, and (e) outline future steps to support more effective collaboration-particularly between animal model research communities and human genetics and clinical research teams. This review summarizes key facets of this catalytic discussion with a focus on new opportunities and gaps in resources and knowledge on SUDs.

Published
2021

16. A large-scale genome-wide association study meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder.

Author

Johnson, Emma C, Demontis, Ditte, Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E, Walters, Raymond K, Polimanti, Renato, Hatoum, Alexander S, Sanchez-Roige, Sandra, Paul, Sarah E, Wendt, Frank R, Clarke, Toni-Kim, Lai, Dongbing, Reginsson, Gunnar W, Zhou, Hang, He, June, Baranger, David AA, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Wedow, Robbee, Adkins, Daniel E, Adkins, Amy E, Alexander, Jeffry, Bacanu, Silviu-Alin, Bigdeli, Tim B, Boden, Joseph, Brown, Sandra A, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Corley, Robin P, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dick, Danielle M, Domingue, Benjamin W, Fox, Louis, Goate, Alison M, Gordon, Scott D, Hack, Laura M, Hancock, Dana B, Hartz, Sarah M, Hickie, Ian B, Hougaard, David M, Krauter, Kenneth, Lind, Penelope A, McClintick, Jeanette N, McQueen, Matthew B, Meyers, Jacquelyn L, Montgomery, Grant W, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben B, Nordentoft, Merete, Pearson, John F, Peterson, Roseann E, Reynolds, Maureen D, Rice, John P, Runarsdottir, Valgerdur, Saccone, Nancy L, Sherva, Richard, Silberg, Judy L, Tarter, Ralph E, Tyrfingsson, Thorarinn, Wall, Tamara L, Webb, Bradley T, Werge, Thomas, Wetherill, Leah, Wright, Margaret J, Zellers, Stephanie, Adams, Mark J, Bierut, Laura J, Boardman, Jason D, Copeland, William E, Farrer, Lindsay A, Foroud, Tatiana M, Gillespie, Nathan A, Grucza, Richard A, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Heath, Andrew C, Hesselbrock, Victor, Hewitt, John K, Hopfer, Christian J, Horwood, John, Iacono, William G, Johnson, Eric O, Kendler, Kenneth S, Kennedy, Martin A, Kranzler, Henry R, Madden, Pamela AF, Maes, Hermine H, Maher, Brion S, Martin, Nicholas G, McGue, Matthew, McIntosh, Andrew M, Medland, Sarah E, Nelson, Elliot C, Porjesz, Bernice, Riley, Brien P, Stallings, Michael C, Vanyukov, Michael M, Vrieze, Scott, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders Workgroup, Davis, Lea K, Bogdan, Ryan, Gelernter, Joel, and Edenberg, Howard J

Subjects
Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders Workgroup, Humans, Marijuana Abuse, Risk, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology
Abstract

BackgroundVariation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder.MethodsTo conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use disorder cases with controls. To examine the genetic overlap between cannabis use disorder and 22 traits of interest (chosen because of previously published phenotypic correlations [eg, psychiatric disorders] or hypothesised associations [eg, chronotype] with cannabis use disorder), we used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate genetic correlations.FindingsWe identified two genome-wide significant loci: a novel chromosome 7 locus (FOXP2, lead single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs7783012; odds ratio [OR] 1·11, 95% CI 1·07-1·15, p=1·84 × 10-9) and the previously identified chromosome 8 locus (near CHRNA2 and EPHX2, lead SNP rs4732724; OR 0·89, 95% CI 0·86-0·93, p=6·46 × 10-9). Cannabis use disorder and cannabis use were genetically correlated (rg 0·50, p=1·50 × 10-21), but they showed significantly different genetic correlations with 12 of the 22 traits we tested, suggesting at least partially different genetic underpinnings of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Cannabis use disorder was positively genetically correlated with other psychopathology, including ADHD, major depression, and schizophrenia.InterpretationThese findings support the theory that cannabis use disorder has shared genetic liability with other psychopathology, and there is a distinction between genetic liability to cannabis use and cannabis use disorder.FundingNational Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine and the Centre for Integrative Sequencing; The European Commission, Horizon 2020; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Health Research Council of New Zealand; National Institute on Aging; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium; UK Research and Innovation Medical Research Council (UKRI MRC); The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia; Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of the University of California; Families for Borderline Personality Disorder Research (Beth and Rob Elliott) 2018 NARSAD Young Investigator Grant; The National Child Health Research Foundation (Cure Kids); The Canterbury Medical Research Foundation; The New Zealand Lottery Grants Board; The University of Otago; The Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics; The James Hume Bequest Fund; National Institutes of Health: Genes, Environment and Health Initiative; National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; The William T Grant Foundation; Australian Research Council; The Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation; The VISN 1 and VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Centers of the US Department of Veterans Affairs; The 5th Framework Programme (FP-5) GenomEUtwin Project; The Lundbeck Foundation; NIH-funded Shared Instrumentation Grant S10RR025141; Clinical Translational Sciences Award grants; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of General Medical Sciences.

Published
2020

17. Genetic diversity fuels gene discovery for tobacco and alcohol use

Author

Saunders, Gretchen R. B., Wang, Xingyan, Chen, Fang, Jang, Seon-Kyeong, Liu, Mengzhen, Wang, Chen, Gao, Shuang, Jiang, Yu, Khunsriraksakul, Chachrit, Otto, Jacqueline M., Addison, Clifton, Akiyama, Masato, Albert, Christine M., Aliev, Fazil, Alonso, Alvaro, Arnett, Donna K., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Ashrani, Aneel A., Barnes, Kathleen C., Barr, R. Graham, Bartz, Traci M., Becker, Diane M., Bielak, Lawrence F., Benjamin, Emelia J., Bis, Joshua C., Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Blangero, John, Bleecker, Eugene R., Boardman, Jason D., Boerwinkle, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I., Boorgula, Meher Preethi, Bowden, Donald W., Brody, Jennifer A., Cade, Brian E., Chasman, Daniel I., Chavan, Sameer, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Iona, Cho, Michael H., Choquet, Hélène, Cole, John W., Cornelis, Marilyn C., Cucca, Francesco, Curran, Joanne E., de Andrade, Mariza, Dick, Danielle M., Docherty, Anna R., Duggirala, Ravindranath, Eaton, Charles B., Ehringer, Marissa A., Esko, Tõnu, Faul, Jessica D., Silva, Lilian Fernandes, Fiorillo, Edoardo, Fornage, Myriam, Freedman, Barry I., Gabrielsen, Maiken E., Garrett, Melanie E., Gharib, Sina A., Gieger, Christian, Gillespie, Nathan, Glahn, David C., Gordon, Scott D., Gu, Charles C., Gu, Dongfeng, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F., Guo, Xiuqing, Haessler, Jeffrey, Hall, Michael E., Haller, Toomas, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, He, Jiang, Herd, Pamela, Hewitt, John K., Hickie, Ian, Hidalgo, Bertha, Hokanson, John E., Hopfer, Christian, Hottenga, JoukeJan, Hou, Lifang, Huang, Hongyan, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hunter, David J., Hveem, Kristian, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Hwu, Chii-Min, Iacono, William, Irvin, Marguerite R., Jee, Yon Ho, Johnson, Eric O., Joo, Yoonjung Y., Jorgenson, Eric, Justice, Anne E., Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kaplan, Robert C., Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Keller, Matthew C., Kelly, Tanika N., Kooperberg, Charles, Korhonen, Tellervo, Kraft, Peter, Krauter, Kenneth, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lasky-Su, Jessica, Lee, Wen-Jane, Lee, James J., Levy, Daniel, Li, Liming, Li, Kevin, Li, Yuqing, Lin, Kuang, Lind, Penelope A., Liu, Chunyu, Lloyd-Jones, Donald M., Lutz, Sharon M., Ma, Jiantao, Mägi, Reedik, Manichaikul, Ani, Martin, Nicholas G., Mathur, Ravi, Matoba, Nana, McArdle, Patrick F., McGue, Matt, McQueen, Matthew B., Medland, Sarah E., Metspalu, Andres, Meyers, Deborah A., Millwood, Iona Y., Mitchell, Braxton D., Mohlke, Karen L., Moll, Matthew, Montasser, May E., Morrison, Alanna C., Mulas, Antonella, Nielsen, Jonas B., North, Kari E., Oelsner, Elizabeth C., Okada, Yukinori, Orrù, Valeria, Palmer, Nicholette D., Palviainen, Teemu, Pandit, Anita, Park, S. Lani, Peters, Ulrike, Peters, Annette, Peyser, Patricia A., Polderman, Tinca J. C., Rafaels, Nicholas, Redline, Susan, Reed, Robert M., Reiner, Alex P., Rice, John P., Rich, Stephen S., Richmond, Nicole E., Roan, Carol, Rotter, Jerome I., Rueschman, Michael N., Runarsdottir, Valgerdur, Saccone, Nancy L., Schwartz, David A., Shadyab, Aladdin H., Shi, Jingchunzi, Shringarpure, Suyash S., Sicinski, Kamil, Skogholt, Anne Heidi, Smith, Jennifer A., Smith, Nicholas L., Sotoodehnia, Nona, Stallings, Michael C., Stefansson, Hreinn, Stefansson, Kari, Stitzel, Jerry A., Sun, Xiao, Syed, Moin, Tal-Singer, Ruth, Taylor, Amy E., Taylor, Kent D., Telen, Marilyn J., Thai, Khanh K., Tiwari, Hemant, Turman, Constance, Tyrfingsson, Thorarinn, Wall, Tamara L., Walters, Robin G., Weir, David R., Weiss, Scott T., White, Wendy B., Whitfield, John B., Wiggins, Kerri L., Willemsen, Gonneke, Willer, Cristen J., Winsvold, Bendik S., Xu, Huichun, Yanek, Lisa R., Yin, Jie, Young, Kristin L., Young, Kendra A., Yu, Bing, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zöllner, Sebastian, Zuccolo, Luisa, Batini, Chiara, Bergen, Andrew W., Bierut, Laura J., David, Sean P., Gagliano Taliun, Sarah A., Hancock, Dana B., Jiang, Bibo, Munafò, Marcus R., Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E., Liu, Dajiang J., and Vrieze, Scott

Published
2022
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18. Leveraging genome-wide data to investigate differences between opioid use vs. opioid dependence in 41,176 individuals from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

Author

Polimanti, Renato, Walters, Raymond K, Johnson, Emma C, McClintick, Jeanette N, Adkins, Amy E, Adkins, Daniel E, Bacanu, Silviu-Alin, Bierut, Laura J, Bigdeli, Tim B, Brown, Sandra, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Copeland, William E, Costello, E Jane, Degenhardt, Louisa, Farrer, Lindsay A, Foroud, Tatiana M, Fox, Louis, Goate, Alison M, Grucza, Richard, Hack, Laura M, Hancock, Dana B, Hartz, Sarah M, Heath, Andrew C, Hewitt, John K, Hopfer, Christian J, Johnson, Eric O, Kendler, Kenneth S, Kranzler, Henry R, Krauter, Kenneth, Lai, Dongbing, Madden, Pamela AF, Martin, Nicholas G, Maes, Hermine H, Nelson, Elliot C, Peterson, Roseann E, Porjesz, Bernice, Riley, Brien P, Saccone, Nancy, Stallings, Michael, Wall, Tamara L, Webb, Bradley T, Wetherill, Leah, Edenberg, Howard J, Agrawal, Arpana, and Gelernter, Joel

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Substance Misuse, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Human Genome, Genetics, Mental Health, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Analgesics, Opioid, Behavior, Addictive, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Humans, Male, Multifactorial Inheritance, Opioid-Related Disorders, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders Workgroup, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

To provide insights into the biology of opioid dependence (OD) and opioid use (i.e., exposure, OE), we completed a genome-wide analysis comparing 4503 OD cases, 4173 opioid-exposed controls, and 32,500 opioid-unexposed controls, including participants of European and African descent (EUR and AFR, respectively). Among the variants identified, rs9291211 was associated with OE (exposed vs. unexposed controls; EUR z = -5.39, p = 7.2 × 10-8). This variant regulates the transcriptomic profiles of SLC30A9 and BEND4 in multiple brain tissues and was previously associated with depression, alcohol consumption, and neuroticism. A phenome-wide scan of rs9291211 in the UK Biobank (N > 360,000) found association of this variant with propensity to use dietary supplements (p = 1.68 × 10-8). With respect to the same OE phenotype in the gene-based analysis, we identified SDCCAG8 (EUR + AFR z = 4.69, p = 10-6), which was previously associated with educational attainment, risk-taking behaviors, and schizophrenia. In addition, rs201123820 showed a genome-wide significant difference between OD cases and unexposed controls (AFR z = 5.55, p = 2.9 × 10-8) and a significant association with musculoskeletal disorders in the UK Biobank (p = 4.88 × 10-7). A polygenic risk score (PRS) based on a GWAS of risk-tolerance (n = 466,571) was positively associated with OD (OD vs. unexposed controls, p = 8.1 × 10-5; OD cases vs. exposed controls, p = 0.054) and OE (exposed vs. unexposed controls, p = 3.6 × 10-5). A PRS based on a GWAS of neuroticism (n = 390,278) was positively associated with OD (OD vs. unexposed controls, p = 3.2 × 10-5; OD vs. exposed controls, p = 0.002) but not with OE (p = 0.67). Our analyses highlight the difference between dependence and exposure and the importance of considering the definition of controls in studies of addiction.

Published
2020

20. The Relationship of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Population-Based Sibling Comparison Study

Author

Maihofer, Adam X., Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Denckla, Christy A., Ketema, Elizabeth, Morey, Rajendra A., Polimanti, Renato, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Torres, Katy, Wingo, Aliza P., Zai, Clement C., Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Soren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Borglum, Anders D., Babic, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Meghan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dale, Anders M., Dalvie, Shareefa, Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Duncan, Laramie E., Kulenovic, Alma Dzubur, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gautam, Aarti, Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles F., Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue-Jun, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A.M., Lewis, Catrin, Liberzon, Israel, Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Logue, Mark W., Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J., Lyons, Michael J., Maples-Keller, Jessica L., Marmar, Charles, Martin, Nicholas G., Maurer, Douglas, Mavissakalian, Matig R., McFarlane, Alexander, McGlinchey, Regina E., McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., Mehta, Divya, Mellor, Rebecca, Michopoulos, Vasiliki, Milberg, William, Miller, Mark W., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Panizzon, Matthew S., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Rice, John P., Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Rung, Ariane, Rutten, Bart P.F., Saccone, Nancy L., Sanchez, Sixto E., Schijven, Dick, Seedat, Soraya, Seligowski, Antonia V., Seng, Julia S., Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stevens, Jennifer S., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., Luella van den Heuvel, Leigh, Van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan, Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross McD., Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Haas, Magali, Lasseter, Heather, Provost, Allison C., Salem, Rany M., Sebat, Jonathan, Shaffer, Richard, Wu, Tianying, Ripke, Stephan, Daly, Mark J., Ressler, Kerry J., Koenen, Karestan C., Stein, Murray B., Nievergelt, Caroline M., Wendt, Frank R., Garcia-Argibay, Miguel, Cabrera-Mendoza, Brenda, Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur A., Nivard, Michel G., Larsson, Henrik, Mattheisen, Manuel, and Meier, Sandra M.

Published
2023
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22. International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci.

Author

Nievergelt, Caroline M, Maihofer, Adam X, Klengel, Torsten, Atkinson, Elizabeth G, Chen, Chia-Yen, Choi, Karmel W, Coleman, Jonathan RI, Dalvie, Shareefa, Duncan, Laramie E, Gelernter, Joel, Levey, Daniel F, Logue, Mark W, Polimanti, Renato, Provost, Allison C, Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Stein, Murray B, Torres, Katy, Aiello, Allison E, Almli, Lynn M, Amstadter, Ananda B, Andersen, Søren B, Andreassen, Ole A, Arbisi, Paul A, Ashley-Koch, Allison E, Austin, S Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G, Beckham, Jean C, Bierut, Laura J, Bisson, Jonathan I, Boks, Marco P, Bolger, Elizabeth A, Børglum, Anders D, Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Megan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A, Bustamante, Angela C, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R, Caldas-de-Almeida, José M, Dale, Anders M, Daly, Mark J, Daskalakis, Nikolaos P, Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L, Dennis, Michelle F, Disner, Seth G, Domschke, Katharina, Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R, Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A, Feeny, Norah C, Flory, Janine D, Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E, Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E, Gelaye, Bizu, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles, Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D, Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Harnal, Supriya, Hauser, Michael A, Heath, Andrew C, Hemmings, Sian MJ, Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue-Jun, Junglen, Angela G, Karstoft, Karen-Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L, Kessler, Ronald C, Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A, King, Anthony P, Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R, Kremen, William S, Lawford, Bruce R, Lebois, Lauren AM, Lewis, Catrin E, Linnstaedt, Sarah D, Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J, Lyons, Michael J, Maples-Keller, Jessica, Marmar, Charles, and Martin, Alicia R

Subjects
Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Sex Factors, African Continental Ancestry Group, European Continental Ancestry Group, Veterans, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Datasets as Topic, Human Genome, Mental Health, Biotechnology, Clinical Research, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Anxiety Disorders, Prevention, Genetics
Abstract

The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct a genome-wide association study of PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates of 5-20%, varying by sex. Three genome-wide significant loci are identified, 2 in European and 1 in African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified by sex implicate 3 additional loci in men. Along with other novel genes and non-coding RNAs, a Parkinson's disease gene involved in dopamine regulation, PARK2, is associated with PTSD. Finally, we demonstrate that polygenic risk for PTSD is significantly predictive of re-experiencing symptoms in the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific loci did not replicate. These results demonstrate the role of genetic variation in the biology of risk for PTSD and highlight the necessity of conducting sex-stratified analyses and expanding GWAS beyond European ancestry populations.

Published
2019

25. CYP2A6 metabolism in the development of smoking behaviors in young adults

Author

Olfson, Emily, Bloom, Joseph, Bertelsen, Sarah, Budde, John P, Breslau, Naomi, Brooks, Andrew, Culverhouse, Robert, Chan, Grace, Chen, Li‐Shiun, Chorlian, David, Dick, Danielle M, Edenberg, Howard J, Hartz, Sarah, Hatsukami, Dorothy, Hesselbrock, Victor M, Johnson, Eric O, Kramer, John R, Kuperman, Samuel, Meyers, Jacquelyn L, Nurnberger, John, Porjesz, Bernice, Saccone, Nancy L, Schuckit, Marc A, Stitzel, Jerry, Tischfield, Jay A, Rice, John P, Goate, Alison, and Bierut, Laura J

Subjects
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Substance Misuse, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Cancer, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Tobacco, Genetics, Brain Disorders, Respiratory, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Cigarette Smoking, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6, Female, Humans, Male, Odds Ratio, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tobacco Use Disorder, White People, Young Adult, CYP2A6, genetics, nicotine dependence, smoking, young adults, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Substance Abuse, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences, Psychology
Abstract

Cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) encodes the enzyme responsible for the majority of nicotine metabolism. Previous studies support that slow metabolizers smoke fewer cigarettes once nicotine dependent but provide conflicting results on the role of CYP2A6 in the development of dependence. By focusing on the critical period of young adulthood, this study examines the relationship of CYP2A6 variation and smoking milestones. A total of 1209 European American young adults enrolled in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism were genotyped for CYP2A6 variants to calculate a previously well-validated metric that estimates nicotine metabolism. This metric was not associated with the transition from never smoking to smoking initiation nor with the transition from initiation to daily smoking (P > 0.4). But among young adults who had become daily smokers (n = 506), decreased metabolism was associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence (P = 0.03) (defined as Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence score ≥4). This finding was replicated in the Collaborative Genetic Study of Nicotine Dependence with 335 young adult daily smokers (P = 0.02). Secondary meta-analysis indicated that slow metabolizers had a 53 percent increased odds (OR = 1.53, 95 percent CI 1.11-2.11, P = 0.009) of developing nicotine dependence compared with normal metabolizers. Furthermore, secondary analyses examining four-level response of time to first cigarette after waking (>60, 31-60, 6-30, ≤5 minutes) demonstrated a robust effect of the metabolism metric in Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (P = 0.03) and Collaborative Genetic Study of Nicotine Dependence (P = 0.004), illustrating the important role of this measure of dependence. These findings highlight the complex role of CYP2A6 variation across different developmental stages of smoking behaviors.

Published
2018

26. A putative causal relationship between genetically determined female body shape and posttraumatic stress disorder

Author

Polimanti, Renato, Amstadter, Ananda B, Stein, Murray B, Almli, Lynn M, Baker, Dewleen G, Bierut, Laura J, Bradley, Bekh, Farrer, Lindsay A, Johnson, Eric O, King, Anthony, Kranzler, Henry R, Maihofer, Adam X, Rice, John P, Roberts, Andrea L, Saccone, Nancy L, Zhao, Hongyu, Liberzon, Israel, Ressler, Kerry J, Nievergelt, Caroline M, Koenen, Karestan C, Gelernter, Joel, and for The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Workgroup

Subjects
Behavioral and Social Science, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Mental Health, Genetics, Anxiety Disorders, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Reproductive health and childbirth, Body Weights and Measures, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Reproduction, Risk, Sexual Behavior, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Trauma, Women, Anthropometric traits, Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Workgroup, Clinical Sciences
Abstract

BACKGROUND:The nature and underlying mechanisms of the observed increased vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women are unclear. METHODS:We investigated the genetic overlap of PTSD with anthropometric traits and reproductive behaviors and functions in women. The analysis was conducted using female-specific summary statistics from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a cohort of 3577 European American women (966 PTSD cases and 2611 trauma-exposed controls). We applied a high-resolution polygenic score approach and Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate genetic correlations and causal relationships. RESULTS:We observed an inverse association of PTSD with genetically determined anthropometric traits related to body shape, independent of body mass index (BMI). The top association was related to BMI-adjusted waist circumference (WCadj; R = -0.079, P

Published
2017

27. Genomic Insights for Personalized Care: Motivating At-Risk Individuals Toward Evidence-Based Health Practices

Author

Chen, Tony, primary, Pham, Giang, additional, Fox, Louis, additional, Zhang, Jingning, additional, Byun, Jinyoung, additional, Han, Younghun, additional, Saunders, Gretchen RB, additional, Liu, Dajiang, additional, Bray, Michael J, additional, Ramsey, Alex T, additional, McKay, James, additional, Bierut, Laura J, additional, Amos, Christopher Ian, additional, Hung, Rayjean J., additional, Lin, Xihong, additional, Zhang, Haoyu, additional, and Chen, Li-Shiun, additional

Published
2024
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30. Comparison of Parent, Peer, Psychiatric, and Cannabis Use Influences Across Stages of Offspring Alcohol Involvement: Evidence from the COGA Prospective Study

Author

Bucholz, Kathleen K, McCutcheon, Vivia V, Agrawal, Arpana, Dick, Danielle M, Hesselbrock, Victor M, Kramer, John R, Kuperman, Samuel, Nurnberger, John I, Salvatore, Jessica E, Schuckit, Marc A, Bierut, Laura J, Foroud, Tatiana M, Chan, Grace, Hesselbrock, Michie, Meyers, Jacquelyn L, Edenberg, Howard J, and Porjesz, Bernice

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Psychology, Clinical Research, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Substance Misuse, Brain Disorders, Underage Drinking, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Mental Health, Pediatric Research Initiative, Behavioral and Social Science, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Age Factors, Age of Onset, Alcohol-Related Disorders, Child, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Mental Disorders, Parents, Peer Group, Prospective Studies, Risk, Risk Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, United States, Wounds and Injuries, Young Adult, Alcohol Involvement, Parental Alcohol Use Disorder, Externalizing Disorders, Internalizing Disorders, High-Risk Families, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Substance Abuse, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

BackgroundAll stages of development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) have not been equally studied. While initiation of drinking has been given considerable attention, other stages have not been as thoroughly investigated. It is not clear whether the same factors are associated consistently across early and late transitions in AUD involvement. High-risk family samples that are enriched for AUD vulnerability and transitions in AUD development offer an opportunity to examine influences across multiple stages of AUD development.MethodsData from adolescents and young adults from high-risk families were used to study 4 transitions in AUD development-time to first drink, first drink to first problem, first drink to first diagnosis, and first problem to first diagnosis. Cox modeling was used to compare associations of parental AUD, parental separation, peer substance use, offspring ever-use of cannabis, trauma exposures, and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology across transitions.ResultsHazards of most transitions were elevated for those who had ever used cannabis, those who attributed substance use to their peers, those with externalizing disorders, and those with parents with AUD. Many risk factors were linked to early initiation of alcohol, particularly cannabis use. Internalizing disorders were associated with later stages. Nonassaultive trauma was associated only with early initiation; assaultive trauma was not associated with any transition.ConclusionsIn this large, ethnically diverse sample of high-risk youth, significant influences across transitions were fairly consistent, with externalizing disorders and cannabis ever-use elevating the likelihood of each stage, and peer and parental (and especially maternal AUD) influences linked to initiation and some later stages. Finally, in light of the increasingly permissive legal and social stances toward cannabis in the United States, the marked elevations of all alcohol outcomes observed for cannabis use underscore the importance of studying the underpinnings of this relationship.

Published
2017

31. Potential causal association between gut microbiome and posttraumatic stress disorder

Author

Cardiologie, Onderzoeksgroep 2, Brain, MGGZ, Hersenen-Medisch 1, Neurogenetica, Diagnostiek & Vroege Psychose Medisch, He, Qiang, Wang, Wenjing, Xu, Dingkang, Xiong, Yang, Tao, Chuanyuan, You, Chao, Ma, Lu, Ma, Junpeng, Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Klengel, Torsten, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Dalvie, Shareefa, Duncan, Laramie E., Logue, Mark W., Provost, Allison C., Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Stein, Murray B., Torres, Katy, Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Søren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Børglum, Anders D., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Megan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, José M., Dale, Anders M., Daly, Mark J., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles, Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Harnal, Supriya, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue Jun, Junglen, Angela G., Karstoft, Karen Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A.M., Lewis, Catrin E., Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J., Lyons, Michael J., Maples-Keller, Jessica, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Alicia R., Martin, Nicholas G., Maurer, Douglas, Mavissakalian, Matig R., McFarlane, Alexander, McGlinchey, Regina E., McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., McLeay, Sarah, Mehta, Divya, Milberg, William P., Miller, Mark W., Morey, Rajendra A., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben B., Neale, Benjamin M., Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Panizzon, Matthew S., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Rice, John P., Ripke, Stephan, Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Ken, Rung, Ariane, Rutten, Bart P.F., Saccone, Nancy L., Sanchez, Sixto E., Schijven, Dick, Seedat, Soraya, Seligowski, Antonia V., Seng, Julia S., Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Solovieff, Nadia, Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Sumner, Jennifer A., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., van den Heuvel, Leigh Luella, van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Wolff, Jonathan D., Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross Mc D., Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Liberzon, Israel, Ressler, Kerry J., Haas, Magali, Koenen, Karestan C., Cardiologie, Onderzoeksgroep 2, Brain, MGGZ, Hersenen-Medisch 1, Neurogenetica, Diagnostiek & Vroege Psychose Medisch, He, Qiang, Wang, Wenjing, Xu, Dingkang, Xiong, Yang, Tao, Chuanyuan, You, Chao, Ma, Lu, Ma, Junpeng, Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Klengel, Torsten, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Dalvie, Shareefa, Duncan, Laramie E., Logue, Mark W., Provost, Allison C., Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Stein, Murray B., Torres, Katy, Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Søren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Børglum, Anders D., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Megan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, José M., Dale, Anders M., Daly, Mark J., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles, Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Harnal, Supriya, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue Jun, Junglen, Angela G., Karstoft, Karen Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A.M., Lewis, Catrin E., Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Lori, Adriana, Lugonja, Bozo, Luykx, Jurjen J., Lyons, Michael J., Maples-Keller, Jessica, Marmar, Charles, Martin, Alicia R., Martin, Nicholas G., Maurer, Douglas, Mavissakalian, Matig R., McFarlane, Alexander, McGlinchey, Regina E., McLaughlin, Katie A., McLean, Samuel A., McLeay, Sarah, Mehta, Divya, Milberg, William P., Miller, Mark W., Morey, Rajendra A., Morris, Charles Phillip, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben B., Neale, Benjamin M., Nelson, Elliot C., Nordentoft, Merete, Norman, Sonya B., O’Donnell, Meaghan, Orcutt, Holly K., Panizzon, Matthew S., Peters, Edward S., Peterson, Alan L., Peverill, Matthew, Pietrzak, Robert H., Polusny, Melissa A., Rice, John P., Ripke, Stephan, Risbrough, Victoria B., Roberts, Andrea L., Rothbaum, Alex O., Rothbaum, Barbara O., Roy-Byrne, Peter, Ruggiero, Ken, Rung, Ariane, Rutten, Bart P.F., Saccone, Nancy L., Sanchez, Sixto E., Schijven, Dick, Seedat, Soraya, Seligowski, Antonia V., Seng, Julia S., Sheerin, Christina M., Silove, Derrick, Smith, Alicia K., Smoller, Jordan W., Solovieff, Nadia, Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Sumner, Jennifer A., Teicher, Martin H., Thompson, Wesley K., Trapido, Edward, Uddin, Monica, Ursano, Robert J., van den Heuvel, Leigh Luella, van Hooff, Miranda, Vermetten, Eric, Vinkers, Christiaan H., Voisey, Joanne, Wang, Yunpeng, Wang, Zhewu, Werge, Thomas, Williams, Michelle A., Williamson, Douglas E., Winternitz, Sherry, Wolf, Christiane, Wolf, Erika J., Wolff, Jonathan D., Yehuda, Rachel, Young, Keith A., Young, Ross Mc D., Zhao, Hongyu, Zoellner, Lori A., Liberzon, Israel, Ressler, Kerry J., Haas, Magali, and Koenen, Karestan C.

Published
2024

32. Potential causal association between gut microbiome and posttraumatic stress disorder

Author

He, Qiang, Wang, Wenjing, Xu, Dingkang, Xiong, Yang, Tao, Chuanyuan, You, Chao, Ma, Lu, Ma, Junpeng, Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Klengel, Torsten, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Dalvie, Shareefa, Duncan, Laramie E., Logue, Mark W., Provost, Allison C., Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Stein, Murray B., Torres, Katy, Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Søren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Børglum, Anders D., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Megan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, José M., Dale, Anders M., Daly, Mark J., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles, Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Harnal, Supriya, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue Jun, Junglen, Angela G., Karstoft, Karen Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A.M., Lewis, Catrin E., Linnstaedt, Sarah D., Lori, Adriana, He, Qiang, Wang, Wenjing, Xu, Dingkang, Xiong, Yang, Tao, Chuanyuan, You, Chao, Ma, Lu, Ma, Junpeng, Nievergelt, Caroline M., Maihofer, Adam X., Klengel, Torsten, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Chen, Chia Yen, Choi, Karmel W., Coleman, Jonathan R.I., Dalvie, Shareefa, Duncan, Laramie E., Logue, Mark W., Provost, Allison C., Ratanatharathorn, Andrew, Stein, Murray B., Torres, Katy, Aiello, Allison E., Almli, Lynn M., Amstadter, Ananda B., Andersen, Søren B., Andreassen, Ole A., Arbisi, Paul A., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Austin, S. Bryn, Avdibegovic, Esmina, Babić, Dragan, Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Baker, Dewleen G., Beckham, Jean C., Bierut, Laura J., Bisson, Jonathan I., Boks, Marco P., Bolger, Elizabeth A., Børglum, Anders D., Bradley, Bekh, Brashear, Megan, Breen, Gerome, Bryant, Richard A., Bustamante, Angela C., Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Calabrese, Joseph R., Caldas-de-Almeida, José M., Dale, Anders M., Daly, Mark J., Daskalakis, Nikolaos P., Deckert, Jürgen, Delahanty, Douglas L., Dennis, Michelle F., Disner, Seth G., Domschke, Katharina, Dzubur-Kulenovic, Alma, Erbes, Christopher R., Evans, Alexandra, Farrer, Lindsay A., Feeny, Norah C., Flory, Janine D., Forbes, David, Franz, Carol E., Galea, Sandro, Garrett, Melanie E., Gelaye, Bizu, Gelernter, Joel, Geuze, Elbert, Gillespie, Charles, Uka, Aferdita Goci, Gordon, Scott D., Guffanti, Guia, Hammamieh, Rasha, Harnal, Supriya, Hauser, Michael A., Heath, Andrew C., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Hougaard, David Michael, Jakovljevic, Miro, Jett, Marti, Johnson, Eric Otto, Jones, Ian, Jovanovic, Tanja, Qin, Xue Jun, Junglen, Angela G., Karstoft, Karen Inge, Kaufman, Milissa L., Kessler, Ronald C., Khan, Alaptagin, Kimbrel, Nathan A., King, Anthony P., Koen, Nastassja, Kranzler, Henry R., Kremen, William S., Lawford, Bruce R., Lebois, Lauren A.M., Lewis, Catrin E., Linnstaedt, Sarah D., and Lori, Adriana

Abstract

Background: The causal effects of gut microbiome and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are still unknown. This study aimed to clarify their potential causal association using mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: The summary-level statistics for gut microbiome were retrieved from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the MiBioGen consortium. As to PTSD, the Freeze 2 datasets were originated from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Working Group (PGC-PTSD), and the replicated datasets were obtained from FinnGen consortium. Single nucleotide polymorphisms meeting MR assumptions were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was employed as the main approach, supplemented by sensitivity analyses to evaluate potential pleiotropy and heterogeneity and ensure the robustness of the MR results. We also performed reverse MR analyses to explore PTSD’s causal effects on the relative abundances of specific features of the gut microbiome. Results: In Freeze 2 datasets from PGC-PTSD, eight bacterial traits revealed a potential causal association between gut microbiome and PTSD (IVW, all P < 0.05). In addition, Genus.Dorea and genus.Sellimonas were replicated in FinnGen datasets, in which eight bacterial traits revealed a potential causal association between gut microbiome and the occurrence of PTSD. The heterogeneity and pleiotropy analyses further supported the robustness of the IVW findings, providing additional evidence for their reliability. Conclusion: Our study provides the potential causal impact of gut microbiomes on the development of PTSD, shedding new light on the understanding of the dysfunctional gut-brain axis in this disorder. Our findings present novel evidence and call for investigations to confirm the association between their links, as well as to illuminate the underlying mechanisms.

Published
2024

33. A large-scale genome-wide association study meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder

Author

Walters, Raymond, Polimanti, Renato, Johnson, Emma, McClintick, Jeanette, Hatoum, Alexander, He, June, Wendt, Frank, Zhou, Hang, Adams, Mark, Adkins, Amy, Aliev, Fazil, Bacanu, Silviu-Alin, Batzler, Anthony, Bertelsen, Sarah, Biernacka, Joanna, Bigdeli, Tim, Chen, Li-Shiun, Clarke, Toni-Kim, Chou, Yi-Ling, Degenhardt, Franziska, Docherty, Anna, Edwards, Alexis, Fontanillas, Pierre, Foo, Jerome, Fox, Louis, Frank, Josef, Giegling, Ina, Gordon, Scott, Hack, Laura, Hartmann, Annette, Hartz, Sarah, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Herms, Stefan, Hodgkinson, Colin, Hoffman, Per, Hottenga, Jouke, Kennedy, Martin, Alanne-Kinnunen, Mervi, Konte, Bettina, Lahti, Jari, Lahti-Pulkkinen, Marius, Lai, Dongbing, Ligthart, Lannie, Loukola, Anu, Maher, Brion, Mbarek, Hamdi, McIntosh, Andrew, McQueen, Matthew, Meyers, Jacquelyn, Milaneschi, Yuri, Palviainen, Teemu, Pearson, John, Peterson, Roseann, Ripatti, Samuli, Ryu, Euijung, Saccone, Nancy, Salvatore, Jessica, Sanchez-Roige, Sandra, Schwandt, Melanie, Sherva, Richard, Streit, Fabian, Strohmaier, Jana, Thomas, Nathaniel, Wang, Jen-Chyong, Webb, Bradley, Wedow, Robbee, Wetherill, Leah, Wills, Amanda, Boardman, Jason, Chen, Danfeng, Choi, Doo-Sup, Copeland, William, Culverhouse, Robert, Dahmen, Norbert, Degenhardt, Louisa, Domingue, Benjamin, Elson, Sarah, Frye, Mark, Gäbel, Wolfgang, Hayward, Caroline, Ising, Marcus, Keyes, Margaret, Kiefer, Falk, Kramer, John, Kuperman, Samuel, Lucae, Susanne, Lynskey, Michael, Maier, Wolfgang, Mann, Karl, Männistö, Satu, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Murray, Alison, Nurnberger, John, Palotie, Aarno, Preuss, Ulrich, Räikkönen, Katri, Reynolds, Maureen, Ridinger, Monika, Scherbaum, Norbert, Schuckit, Marc, Soyka, Michael, Treutlein, Jens, Witt, Stephanie, Wodarz, Norbert, Zill, Peter, Adkins, Daniel, Boden, Joseph, Boomsma, Dorret, Bierut, Laura, Brown, Sandra, Bucholz, Kathleen, Cichon, Sven, Costello, E. Jane, de Wit, Harriet, Diazgranados, Nancy, Dick, Danielle, Eriksson, Johan, Farrer, Lindsay, Foroud, Tatiana, Gillespie, Nathan, Goate, Alison, Goldman, David, Grucza, Richard, Hancock, Dana, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, Heath, Andrew, Hesselbrock, Victor, Hewitt, John, Hopfer, Christian, Horwood, John, Iacono, William, Johnson, Eric, Kaprio, Jaakko, Karpyak, Victor, Kendler, Kenneth, Kranzler, Henry, Krauter, Kenneth, Lichtenstein, Paul, Lind, Penelope, McGue, Matt, MacKillop, James, Madden, Pamela, Maes, Hermine, Magnusson, Patrik, Martin, Nicholas, Medland, Sarah, Montgomery, Grant, Nelson, Elliot, Nöthen, Markus, Palmer, Abraham, Pederson, Nancy, Penninx, Brenda, Porjesz, Bernice, Rice, John, Rietschel, Marcella, Riley, Brien, Rose, Richard, Rujescu, Dan, Shen, Pei-Hong, Silberg, Judy, Stallings, Michael, Tarter, Ralph, Vanyukov, Michael, Vrieze, Scott, Wall, Tamara, Whitfield, John, Zhao, Hongyu, Neale, Benjamin, Gelernter, Joel, Edenberg, Howard, Agrawal, Arpana, Johnson, Emma C, Demontis, Ditte, Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E, Walters, Raymond K, Hatoum, Alexander S, Paul, Sarah E, Wendt, Frank R, Reginsson, Gunnar W, Baranger, David A A, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Adkins, Daniel E, Adkins, Amy E, Alexander, Jeffry, Bigdeli, Tim B, Brown, Sandra A, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Corley, Robin P, Dick, Danielle M, Domingue, Benjamin W, Goate, Alison M, Gordon, Scott D, Hack, Laura M, Hancock, Dana B, Hartz, Sarah M, Hickie, Ian B, Hougaard, David M, Lind, Penelope A, McClintick, Jeanette N, McQueen, Matthew B, Meyers, Jacquelyn L, Montgomery, Grant W, Mors, Ole, Mortensen, Preben B, Nordentoft, Merete, Pearson, John F, Peterson, Roseann E, Reynolds, Maureen D, Rice, John P, Runarsdottir, Valgerdur, Saccone, Nancy L, Silberg, Judy L, Tarter, Ralph E, Tyrfingsson, Thorarinn, Wall, Tamara L, Webb, Bradley T, Werge, Thomas, Wright, Margaret J, Zellers, Stephanie, Adams, Mark J, Bierut, Laura J, Boardman, Jason D, Copeland, William E, Farrer, Lindsay A, Foroud, Tatiana M, Gillespie, Nathan A, Grucza, Richard A, Heath, Andrew C, Hewitt, John K, Hopfer, Christian J, Iacono, William G, Johnson, Eric O, Kendler, Kenneth S, Kennedy, Martin A, Kranzler, Henry R, Madden, Pamela A F, Maes, Hermine H, Maher, Brion S, Martin, Nicholas G, McGue, Matthew, McIntosh, Andrew M, Medland, Sarah E, Nelson, Elliot C, Riley, Brien P, Stallings, Michael C, Vanyukov, Michael M, Davis, Lea K, Bogdan, Ryan, Edenberg, Howard J, Stefansson, Kari, and Børglum, Anders D

Published
2020
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35. Gene expression differences associated with alcohol use disorder in human brain

Author

Willis, Caryn, primary, White, Julie D, additional, Minto, Melyssa S, additional, Quach, Bryan C, additional, Han, Shizhong, additional, Tao, Ran, additional, Shin, Joo Heon, additional, Deep-Soboslay, Amy, additional, Hyde, Thomas, additional, Mayfield, R Dayne, additional, Webb, Bradley Todd, additional, Johnson, Eric Otto, additional, Kleinman, Joel E, additional, Bierut, Laura J, additional, and Hancock, Dana B, additional

Published
2024
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36. Alcohol Use Disorder-Associated DNA Methylation in the Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Author

White, Julie D., primary, Minto, Melyssa S., additional, Willis, Caryn, additional, Quach, Bryan C., additional, Han, Shizhong, additional, Tao, Ran, additional, Deep-Soboslay, Amy, additional, Zillich, Lea, additional, Clark, Shaunna L., additional, van den Oord, Edwin J. C. G., additional, Hyde, Thomas M., additional, Mayfield, R. Dayne, additional, Webb, Bradley T., additional, Johnson, Eric O., additional, Kleinman, Joel E., additional, Bierut, Laura J., additional, and Hancock, Dana B., additional

Published
2024
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37. Gene dysregulation among virally suppressed people living with HIV links to non-AIDS defining cancer pathways

Author

Quach, Bryan C., primary, Earley, Eric, additional, Zhou, Linran, additional, Willis, Caryn, additional, Marks, Jesse A., additional, Stratford, Jeran K., additional, Fang, Fang, additional, Bierut, Laura J., additional, Milloy, M-J S., additional, Hayashi, Kanna, additional, DeBeck, Kora, additional, Hancock, Dana B., additional, Xu, Ke, additional, Aouizerat, Bradley E., additional, and Johnson, Eric O., additional

Published
2024
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38. Interactions Between Alcohol Metabolism Genes and Religious Involvement in Association With Maximum Drinks and Alcohol Dependence Symptoms.

Author

Chartier, Karen G, Dick, Danielle M, Almasy, Laura, Chan, Grace, Aliev, Fazil, Schuckit, Marc A, Scott, Denise M, Kramer, John, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Bierut, Laura J, Nurnberger, John, Porjesz, Bernice, and Hesselbrock, Victor M

Subjects
Substance Misuse, Brain Disorders, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Genetics, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, African Americans, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Alcohol Drinking, Alcoholism, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Religion, Whites, White People, Black or African American, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Substance Abuse
Abstract

ObjectiveVariations in the genes encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes are associated with both alcohol consumption and dependence in multiple populations. Additionally, some environmental factors have been recognized as modifiers of these relationships. This study examined the modifying effect of religious involvement on relationships between ADH gene variants and alcohol consumption-related phenotypes.MethodSubjects were African American, European American, and Hispanic American adults with lifetime exposure to alcohol (N = 7,716; 53% female) from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Genetic markers included ADH1Brs1229984, ADH1B-rs2066702, ADH1C-rs698, ADH4-rs1042364, and ADH4-rs1800759. Phenotypes were maximum drinks consumed in a 24-hour period and total number of alcohol dependence symptoms according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Religious involvement was defined by self-reported religious services attendance.ResultsBoth religious involvement and ADH1B-rs1229984 were negatively associated with the number of maximum drinks consumed and the number of lifetime alcohol dependence symptoms endorsed. The interactions of religious involvement with ADH1B-rs2066702, ADH1C-rs698, and ADH4-rs1042364 were significantly associated with maximum drinks and alcohol dependence symptoms. Risk variants had weaker associations with maximum drinks and alcohol dependence symptoms as a function of increasing religious involvement.ConclusionsThis study provided initial evidence of a modifying effect for religious involvement on relationships between ADH variants and maximum drinks and alcohol dependence symptoms.

Published
2016

39. Trans-ancestry epigenome-wide association meta-analysis of DNA methylation with lifetime cannabis use

Author

Fang, Fang, primary, Quach, Bryan, additional, Lawrence, Kaitlyn G., additional, van Dongen, Jenny, additional, Marks, Jesse A., additional, Lundgren, Sara, additional, Lin, Mingkuan, additional, Odintsova, Veronika V., additional, Costeira, Ricardo, additional, Xu, Zongli, additional, Zhou, Linran, additional, Mandal, Meisha, additional, Xia, Yujing, additional, Vink, Jacqueline M., additional, Bierut, Laura J., additional, Ollikainen, Miina, additional, Taylor, Jack A., additional, Bell, Jordana T., additional, Kaprio, Jaakko, additional, Boomsma, Dorret I., additional, Xu, Ke, additional, Sandler, Dale P., additional, Hancock, Dana B., additional, and Johnson, Eric O., additional

Published
2023
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46. Substance dependence

Author

Wetherill, Leah, Agrawal, Arpana, Kapoor, Manav, Bertelsen, Sarah, Bierut, Laura J, Brooks, Andrew, Dick, Danielle, Hesselbrock, Michie, Hesselbrock, Victor, Koller, Daniel L, Le, Nhung, Nurnberger, John I, Salvatore, Jessica E, Schuckit, Marc, Tischfield, Jay A, Wang, Jen‐Chyong, Xuei, Xiaoling, Edenberg, Howard J, Porjesz, Bernice, Bucholz, Kathleen, Goate, Alison M, and Foroud, Tatiana

Subjects
Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Genetics, Human Genome, Substance Misuse, Brain Disorders, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Genetic Testing, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Female, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Male, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult, Alcohol dependence, cannabis dependence, cocaine dependence, common genetic liability, drug dependence, opioid dependence, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Substance Abuse
Abstract

Alcohol and drug use disorders are individually heritable (50%). Twin studies indicate that alcohol and substance use disorders share common genetic influences, and therefore may represent a more heritable form of addiction and thus be more powerful for genetic studies. This study utilized data from 2322 subjects from 118 European-American families in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism sample to conduct genome-wide association analysis of a binary and a continuous index of general substance dependence liability. The binary phenotype (ANYDEP) was based on meeting lifetime criteria for any DSM-IV dependence on alcohol, cannabis, cocaine or opioids. The quantitative trait (QUANTDEP) was constructed from factor analysis based on endorsement across the seven DSM-IV criteria for each of the four substances. Heritability was estimated to be 54% for ANYDEP and 86% for QUANTDEP. One single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2952621 in the uncharacterized gene LOC151121 on chromosome 2, was associated with ANYDEP (P = 1.8 × 10(-8) ), with support from surrounding imputed SNPs and replication in an independent sample [Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE); P = 0.02]. One SNP, rs2567261 in ARHGAP28 (Rho GTPase-activating protein 28), was associated with QUANTDEP (P = 3.8 × 10(-8) ), and supported by imputed SNPs in the region, but did not replicate in an independent sample (SAGE; P = 0.29). The results of this study provide evidence that there are common variants that contribute to the risk for a general liability to substance dependence.

Published
2015

47. Are genetic variants for tobacco smoking associated with cannabis involvement?

Author

Agrawal, Arpana, Lynskey, Michael T, Kapoor, Manav, Bucholz, Kathleen K, Edenberg, Howard J, Schuckit, Marc, Brooks, Andrew, Hesselbrock, Victor, Kramer, John, Saccone, Nancy, Tischfield, Jay, and Bierut, Laura J

Subjects
Prevention, Tobacco, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Genetics, Substance Misuse, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Cancer, Respiratory, Stroke, Cardiovascular, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Behavior, Addictive, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Marijuana Smoking, Middle Aged, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Nicotinic, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Young Adult, Cannabis, Chrna5, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Substance Abuse
Abstract

BackgroundCannabis users are highly likely to also be tobacco cigarette smokers and a proportion of this comorbidity is attributable to shared genetic influences. Three large meta-analyses of genomewide association studies (GWAS) of tobacco smoking have identified multiple genomewide significant (p

Published
2015

48. CHRNA5 Risk Variant Predicts Delayed Smoking Cessation and Earlier Lung Cancer Diagnosis—A Meta-Analysis

Author

Chen, Li-Shiun, Hung, Rayjean J, Baker, Timothy, Horton, Amy, Culverhouse, Rob, Saccone, Nancy, Cheng, Iona, Deng, Bo, Han, Younghun, Hansen, Helen M, Horsman, Janet, Kim, Claire, Lutz, Sharon, Rosenberger, Albert, Aben, Katja K, Andrew, Angeline S, Breslau, Naomi, Chang, Shen-Chih, Dieffenbach, Aida Karina, Dienemann, Hendrik, Frederiksen, Brittni, Han, Jiali, Hatsukami, Dorothy K, Johnson, Eric O, Pande, Mala, Wrensch, Margaret R, McLaughlin, John, Skaug, Vidar, van der Heijden, Henricus F, Wampfler, Jason, Wenzlaff, Angela, Woll, Penella, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Bickeböller, Heike, Brenner, Hermann, Duell, Eric J, Haugen, Aage, Heinrich, Joachim, Hokanson, John E, Hunter, David J, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Lazarus, Philip, Le Marchand, Loic, Liu, Geoffrey, Mayordomo, Jose, Risch, Angela, Schwartz, Ann G, Teare, Dawn, Wu, Xifeng, Wiencke, John K, Yang, Ping, Zhang, Zuo-Feng, Spitz, Margaret R, Kraft, Peter, Amos, Christopher I, and Bierut, Laura J

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Clinical Research, Lung, Lung Cancer, Cancer, Human Genome, Tobacco, Prevention, Genetics, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Respiratory, Good Health and Well Being, Genetic Variation, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Phenotype, Receptors, Nicotinic, Risk Factors, Smoking, Smoking Cessation, Time Factors, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundRecent meta-analyses show strong evidence of associations among genetic variants in CHRNA5 on chromosome 15q25, smoking quantity, and lung cancer. This meta-analysis tests whether the CHRNA5 variant rs16969968 predicts age of smoking cessation and age of lung cancer diagnosis.MethodsMeta-analyses examined associations between rs16969968, age of quitting smoking, and age of lung cancer diagnosis in 24 studies of European ancestry (n = 29 072). In each dataset, we used Cox regression models to evaluate the association between rs16969968 and the two primary phenotypes (age of smoking cessation among ever smokers and age of lung cancer diagnosis among lung cancer case patients) and the secondary phenotype of smoking duration. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed with the Cochran Q test. All statistical tests were two-sided.ResultsThe rs16969968 allele (A) was associated with a lower likelihood of smoking cessation (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.91 to 0.98, P = .0042), and the AA genotype was associated with a four-year delay in median age of quitting compared with the GG genotype. Among smokers with lung cancer diagnoses, the rs16969968 genotype (AA) was associated with a four-year earlier median age of diagnosis compared with the low-risk genotype (GG) (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.12, P = 1.1*10(-5)).ConclusionThese data support the clinical significance of the CHRNA5 variant rs16969968. It predicts delayed smoking cessation and an earlier age of lung cancer diagnosis in this meta-analysis. Given the existing evidence that this CHRNA5 variant predicts favorable response to cessation pharmacotherapy, these findings underscore the potential clinical and public health importance of rs16969968 in CHRNA5 in relation to smoking cessation success and lung cancer risk.

Published
2015

49. Association of substance dependence phenotypes in the COGA sample.

Author

Wetherill, Leah, Agrawal, Arpana, Kapoor, Manav, Bertelsen, Sarah, Bierut, Laura J, Brooks, Andrew, Dick, Danielle, Hesselbrock, Michie, Hesselbrock, Victor, Koller, Daniel L, Le, Nhung, Nurnberger, John I, Salvatore, Jessica E, Schuckit, Marc, Tischfield, Jay A, Wang, Jen-Chyong, Xuei, Xiaoling, Edenberg, Howard J, Porjesz, Bernice, Bucholz, Kathleen, Goate, Alison M, and Foroud, Tatiana

Subjects
Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Genotype, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adolescent, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Young Adult, Alcohol dependence, cannabis dependence, cocaine dependence, common genetic liability, drug dependence, opioid dependence, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Brain Disorders, Human Genome, Substance Abuse, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental Health, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Drug Abuse, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

Alcohol and drug use disorders are individually heritable (50%). Twin studies indicate that alcohol and substance use disorders share common genetic influences, and therefore may represent a more heritable form of addiction and thus be more powerful for genetic studies. This study utilized data from 2322 subjects from 118 European-American families in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism sample to conduct genome-wide association analysis of a binary and a continuous index of general substance dependence liability. The binary phenotype (ANYDEP) was based on meeting lifetime criteria for any DSM-IV dependence on alcohol, cannabis, cocaine or opioids. The quantitative trait (QUANTDEP) was constructed from factor analysis based on endorsement across the seven DSM-IV criteria for each of the four substances. Heritability was estimated to be 54% for ANYDEP and 86% for QUANTDEP. One single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2952621 in the uncharacterized gene LOC151121 on chromosome 2, was associated with ANYDEP (P = 1.8 × 10(-8) ), with support from surrounding imputed SNPs and replication in an independent sample [Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE); P = 0.02]. One SNP, rs2567261 in ARHGAP28 (Rho GTPase-activating protein 28), was associated with QUANTDEP (P = 3.8 × 10(-8) ), and supported by imputed SNPs in the region, but did not replicate in an independent sample (SAGE; P = 0.29). The results of this study provide evidence that there are common variants that contribute to the risk for a general liability to substance dependence.

Published
2015

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