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1. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, D., Nadal-Romero, E., González-Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Bagarello, V., Barhi, H., Batalla, R.J., Bernal, S., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo-Bescós, M.A., Canatario-Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cerdà, A., Cheggour, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz-Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Fernández-Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., Gómez-Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, O., Hueso-González, P., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López-Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez-Fernández, J., Martínez-Mena, M., Martínez-Murillo, J.F., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Novara, A., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Roose, E., Rubio, J.L., Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Simonneaux, V., Solé-Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada-Castro, M.M., Taboada-Castro, M.T., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Vericat, D., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, A., and Zorn, M.

Published
2019
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8. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, D., primary, Nadal-Romero, E., additional, González-Hidalgo, J.C., additional, Albaladejo, J., additional, Andreu, V., additional, Bahri, H., additional, Bernal, S., additional, Biddoccu, M., additional, Bienes, R., additional, Campo, J., additional, Campo-Bescós, M.A., additional, Canatário-Duarte, A., additional, Cantón, Y., additional, Casali, J., additional, Castillo, V., additional, Cavallo, E., additional, Cerdà, A., additional, Cid, P., additional, Cortesi, N., additional, Desir, G., additional, Díaz-Pereira, E., additional, Espigares, T., additional, Estrany, J., additional, Farguell, J., additional, Fernández-Raga, M., additional, Ferreira, C.S., additional, Ferro, V., additional, Gallart, F., additional, Giménez, R., additional, Gimeno, E., additional, Gómez, J.A., additional, Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., additional, Gómez-Macpherson, H., additional, González-Pelayo, O., additional, Kairis, O., additional, Karatzas, G.P., additional, Keesstra, S., additional, Klotz, S., additional, Kosmas, C., additional, Lana-Renault, N., additional, Lasanta, T., additional, Latron, J., additional, Lázaro, R., additional, Le Bissonnais, Y., additional, Le Bouteiller, C., additional, Licciardello, F., additional, López-Tarazón, J.A., additional, Lucía, A., additional, Marín-Moreno, V.M., additional, Marín, C., additional, Marqués, M.J., additional, Martínez-Fernández, J., additional, Martínez-Mena, M., additional, Mateos, L., additional, Mathys, N., additional, Merino-Martín, L., additional, Moreno-de las Heras, M., additional, Moustakas, N., additional, Nicolau, J.M., additional, Pampalone, V., additional, Raclot, D., additional, Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., additional, Rodrigo-Comino, J., additional, Romero-Díaz, A., additional, Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., additional, Rubio, J.L., additional, Schnabel, S., additional, Senciales-González, J.M., additional, Solé-Benet, A., additional, Taguas, E.V., additional, Taboada-Castro, M.T., additional, Taboada-Castro, M.M., additional, Todisco, F., additional, Úbeda, X., additional, Varouchakis, E.A., additional, Wittenberg, L., additional, Zabaleta, A., additional, and Zorn, M., additional

Published
2020
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10. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin

Author

Geodinámica, Geodinamika, Nadal Romero, E., González Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Bahri, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo Bescós, M.A., Canatário Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez Gutiérrez, A., Gómez Macpherson, H., González Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez Fernández, J., Martínez Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino Martín, L., Moreno de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo Comino, J., Romero Díaz, A., Ruiz Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada Castro, M.T., Taboada Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta Lopetegui, Ane, Zorn, M., Geodinámica, Geodinamika, Nadal Romero, E., González Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Bahri, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo Bescós, M.A., Canatário Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez Gutiérrez, A., Gómez Macpherson, H., González Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez Fernández, J., Martínez Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino Martín, L., Moreno de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo Comino, J., Romero Díaz, A., Ruiz Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada Castro, M.T., Taboada Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta Lopetegui, Ane, and Zorn, M.

Abstract

Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale ba

Published
2020

11. Relationship of weather types on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield in the western Mediterranean basin

Author

Peña-Angulo, D., Nadal-Romero, E., González-Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Barhi, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo-Bescós, M.A., Canatário-Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz-Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández-Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., Gómez-Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López-Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín-Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez-Fernández, J., Martínez-Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé-Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada-Castro, M.T., Taboada-Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, A., Zorn, M., Peña-Angulo, D., Nadal-Romero, E., González-Hidalgo, J.C., Albaladejo, J., Andreu, V., Barhi, H., Bernal, S., Biddoccu, M., Bienes, R., Campo, J., Campo-Bescós, M.A., Canatário-Duarte, A., Cantón, Y., Casali, J., Castillo, V., Cavallo, E., Cerdà, A., Cid, P., Cortesi, N., Desir, G., Díaz-Pereira, E., Espigares, T., Estrany, J., Farguell, J., Fernández-Raga, M., Ferreira, C.S., Ferro, V., Gallart, F., Giménez, R., Gimeno, E., Gómez, J.A., Gómez-Gutiérrez, A., Gómez-Macpherson, H., González-Pelayo, O., Kairis, O., Karatzas, G.P., Keesstra, S., Klotz, S., Kosmas, C., Lana-Renault, N., Lasanta, T., Latron, J., Lázaro, R., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Bouteiller, C., Licciardello, F., López-Tarazón, J.A., Lucía, A., Marín-Moreno, V.M., Marín, C., Marqués, M.J., Martínez-Fernández, J., Martínez-Mena, M., Mateos, L., Mathys, N., Merino-Martín, L., Moreno-de las Heras, M., Moustakas, N., Nicolau, J.M., Pampalone, V., Raclot, D., Rodríguez-Blanco, M.L., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Romero-Díaz, A., Ruiz-Sinoga, J.D., Rubio, J.L., Schnabel, S., Senciales-González, J.M., Solé-Benet, A., Taguas, E.V., Taboada-Castro, M.T., Taboada-Castro, M.M., Todisco, F., Úbeda, X., Varouchakis, E.A., Wittenberg, L., Zabaleta, A., and Zorn, M.

Abstract

Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale ba

Published
2020

13. Pérdida de suelo, fósforo y materia orgánica por erosión hídrica en parcelas revegetadas con matorral autóctono bajo clima semiárido

Author

Bienes, R., Ruiz, M., and Marques, M. J.

Abstract

Two treatments with shrubs (Atriplex halimus(Ah) andThymus Zygis(Tz)) were tested on hillsides from central Spain. It was studied the erosion and diffuse contamination by analyzing organic matter content (OM) and phosphorus (P2O5) in soil and sediments. Compared with the control treatment,Ahpresented a significant decrease of runoff and erosion, 47% and 24% lower respectively, butTzshowed 12% more runoff and 152% more erosion than control. Enrichment ratios of OM andP2O5are evident in eroded sedi­ment and also a strong relation between erosion and OM andP2O5content was found, showing regression equations with high correlation coefficients, R=0.87 and 0.91 respectively., Se ensayan arbustos (Atriplex halimus(Ah)yThymus zygis (Tz))en laderas del centro peninsular. Se estudia la erosión y la contaminación difusa, analizando el contenido de materia orgánica (MO)y fósforo (P2O5) en suelo y sedimentos. En comparación con el control,Ahpresentó un descenso significativo de escorrentía de un 47% y un 24% menos de erosión, peroTzpresentó un 12% más de escorrentía y un 152% más de pérdida de suelo. Se evidencian cocientes de enriquecimiento deMOyP2O5en sedimentos erosionados y relaciones entre la erosión y el contenido enMOyP, observándose ecuaciones de regresión con coeficientes de correlación elevados, R=0,91 y 0,87 respectivamente.

Published
2018

16. Qualitative comparison of soil erosion, runoff and infiltration coefficients using small portable rainfall simulators in Germany, Spain and France [abstract]

Author

Comino, J.R., Iserloh, T., Morvan, X., Malam Issa, Oumarou, Naisse, C., Keesstra, S., Cerdà, A., Prosdocimi, M., Arnáez, J., Lasanta, T., Ramos, M.C., Marqués, M.J., Ruiz Colmenero, M., Bienes, R., Ruiz Sinoga, J.D., Seeger, M., Ries, J.B., Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
FRANCE, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ALLEMAGNE, ESPAGNE
Abstract

EGU.European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienne, AUT, 17-/04/2016 - 22/04/2016

Published
2016

18. Reutilización para riego y recarga

Author

De Bustamante, I., Iglesias, J.A., Ortiz-Bernad, I., De Miguel, Á., Martínez-Hernández, V., González-Naranjo, V., Segura, M., Bienes, R., Berreteaga, A., Carenas, B., Gil-Gil, J., Lillo, J., Carreño, F., Márquez, Á., Martín, T., Gómez, D., Martín, S., Leal, M., García-Pacheco, R., Moreno, P., CONSOLIDER TRAGUA, CONSOLIDER TRAGUA, and De Bustamante, I.

Subjects
QE Geology, TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, S Agriculture (General)
Published
2012

19. Pérdida de suelo, fósforo y materia orgánica por erosión hídrica en parcelas revegetadas con matorral autóctono bajo clima semiárido

Author

Bienes, R., Ruiz, M., and Marques, M. J.

Subjects
bulk density, densidad aparente, escorrentía, fósforo, materia orgánica, runoff, phosphorus, erosion, organic matter
Abstract

Se ensayan arbustos (Atriplex halimus (Ah)y Thymus zygis (Tz)) en laderas del centro peninsular. Se estudia la erosión y la contaminación difusa, analizando el contenido de materia orgánica (MO)y fósforo (P2O5) en suelo y sedimentos. En comparación con el control, Ah presentó un descenso significativo de escorrentía de un 47% y un 24% menos de erosión, pero Tz presentó un 12% más de escorrentía y un 152% más de pérdida de suelo. Se evidencian cocientes de enriquecimiento de MO y P2O5 en sedimentos erosionados y relaciones entre la erosión y el contenido en MO y P, observándose ecuaciones de regresión con coeficientes de correlación elevados, R=0,91 y 0,87 respectivamente., Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 33 n.º 1 (2010)

Published
2010

20. Soil degradation in Central Spain due to sheet water erosion by low-intensity rainfall events

Author

Marqués Pérez, M. José, Bienes, R., Pérez-Rodríguez, R., Jiménez, Luis, Marqués Pérez, M. José, Bienes, R., Pérez-Rodríguez, R., and Jiménez, Luis

Abstract

Runoff and sediment lost due to water erosion were recorded for 36 (1 m2) plots with varying types of vegetative cover located on sloping gypsiferous fields in the South of Madrid. 75% of the events had maximum 30-minute intensity (I30) less than 10 mm h-1 in the period studied (1994-2005). As for the vegetative cover, maximum correlation between runoff and soil loss was found in the least protected plots (0-40% cover) during the most intense rainfall events; however, a significant positive correlation was also observed in plots with greater coverage (40-60%). If coverage exceeded 60%, rainfall erosivity declined. The average amount of sediment produced in high-intensity events was significantly greater (approximately 7 g m-2 per I30 event >10 mm h-1) than that produced in the rest of the moderate-intensity events (approximately 3 g m-2 per I30 event < 10 mm h-1), but due to the high rate of occurrence of the latter throughout the year sediment loss during the period studied totaled 128 g m-2. By comparison, only 40 g m-2 was produced by the I30 events greater than 10 mm h-1. Even though the amount of soil lost is relatively insignificant from a quantitative stand-point, the organic matter content lost in the sediment (six times more than in the soil) is a permanent loss that threatens the development of the surface of the soil in this area when the vegetative cover is less than 40%. The soil here experiences a chronic loss of 0.02 mm annually as a consequence of frequent, moderate events, in addition to any loss produced by extraordinary events, which, though less frequent, are much more erosive. If moderate events are ignored, an important part of soil loss will be lost in the long run. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Published
2008

27. CULTIVOS HERBÁCEOS, VIÑEDOS Y OLIVARES. EL MANEJO TRADICIONAL DEL SUELO Y SUS CONSECUENCIAS EN LA EROSIÓN HÍDRICA.

Author

BIENES, R., MARQUÉS, M. J., and RUÍZ-COLMENERO, M.

Subjects
VINEYARDS, FERTILIZERS, OLIVE, AGRICULTURAL productivity, SOIL erosion, SOIL fertility
Abstract

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2012
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28. SOIL CONSERVATION BENEATH GRASS COVER IN HILLSIDE VINEYARDS UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS (MADRID, SPAIN).

Author

MARQUES, M. J., GARCÍA-MUÑOZ, S., MUÑOZ-ORGANERO, G., and BIENES, R.

Subjects
DRY farming, VINEYARDS, EROSION, TILLAGE, RYE, ARID regions, PREVENTION
Abstract

The article discusses findings of a study which examined the consequences of the use of plant cover in rainfed vineyards at Campo Real, Madrid, Spain. The treatments used to evaluate erosion control, soil characteristics and vineyard production included traditional tillage as the control group, soil covered by Brachypodium distachyon and soil covered by Secale cereale. The study area was characterized with a semi-arid Mediterranean climate with hot and occasionally stormy summers and cold winters.

Published
2010
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29. Nitrogen losses in vineyards under different types of soil groundcover. A field runoff simulator approach in central Spain

Author

Andrés García-Díaz, Blanca Sastre, Artemi Cerdà, Luciano Gristina, Agata Novara, Ramón Bienes, García-Díaz, A., Bienes, R., Sastre, B., Novara, A., Gristina, L., and Cerdà, A.

Subjects
Soil management, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, 010501 environmental sciences, Vineyard, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, Runoff simulation, Nutrient lo, Nutrient loss, Simulation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Groundcover, Conventional tillage, Ecology, ved/biology, fungi, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, Soil type, Vineyards, Tillage, Soil Physics and Land Management, Infiltration (hydrology), Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, Runoff simulation Nutrient loss Vineyards Soil management Groundcover, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, Soil fertility, Surface runoff, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

The soils of Mediterranean vineyards are usually managed with continuous tillage, resulting in bare soil, low infiltration and high soil erosion rates. Soil nutrients, such as nitrogen, could be lost dissolved in the runoff, causing a decrease in soil fertility on such degraded soils and producing eutrophication downstream. The influences of groundcover on the soil erosion processes and sediment yields in Mediterranean vineyards have been widely addressed. However, the runoff process itself, excluding the effect of raindrop impacts, has barely been studied. Thus, a field runoff simulator was built to assess runoff and nutrient losses under different soil management strategies in Central Spain. In the winter of the 2012–2013, four vineyards were selected, and two types of groundcover were established to compare with conventional tillage (T): spontaneous vegetation (CS) and seeded Brachypodium distachyon (CB). In 2014 and 2015, 72 runoff simulations were performed to assess the influence of the two different types of groundcover on the dissolved mineral nitrogen losses in runoff. The results showed that spontaneous vegetation cover was the most effective management choice to reduce runoff and nitrogen loss by producing 3 times less runoff than conventional tillage and 6 times less nitrate loss. Conventional tillage resulted in higher mineral nitrogen loss because it produced more runoff and higher runoff nitrate concentrations. The vegetation cover had a strong influence on runoff and nitrogen losses, while the slope angle and rock fragment cover showed a negligible impact.

Published
2017
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30. Spatial variability of the relationships of runoff and sediment yield with weather types throughout the Mediterranean basin

Author

G. Desir, José María Senciales-González, Patricio Cid, Álvaro Gómez-Gutiérrez, Luis Merino-Martín, Carla Ferreira, Tíscar Espigares, Miguel A. Campo-Bescós, Albert Solé-Benet, Asunción Romero-Díaz, Julián Martínez-Fernández, Damien Raclot, Damià Vericat, Agata Novara, María Martínez-Mena, C. Le Bouteiller, Encarnación V. Taguas, Francesca Todisco, Antonio Canatário-Duarte, Luciano Mateos, Francesc Gallart, José Andrés López-Tarazón, Susana Bernal, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis, Y. Le Bissonnais, Mariano Moreno-de las Heras, Noemí Lana-Renault, A. Zabaleta, Dhais Peña-Angulo, M. Mercedes Taboada-Castro, Lea Wittenberg, Ramon J. Batalla, Vito Ferro, Susanne Schnabel, Xavier Úbeda, Victor Castillo, Matija Zorn, José Carlos González-Hidalgo, Ramón Bienes, Juan Albaladejo, M.T. Taboada-Castro, Feliciana Licciardello, C. Marín, V. Simonneaux, Óscar González-Pelayo, George P. Karatzas, H. Barhi, Roberto Lázaro, E. Roose, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, Joan Estrany, Julián Campo, Elvira Díaz-Pereira, José Luis Rubio, Sébastien Klotz, Artemio Cerdà, Javier Casalí, Vicente Andreu, Helena Gómez-Macpherson, Nicolle Mathys, Yolanda Cantón, Estela Nadal-Romero, Teodoro Lasanta, Nicola Cortesi, Orestis Kairis, Rafael Giménez, Maria Jose Marques, María Fernández-Raga, A. Cheggour, José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga, Vincenzo Pampalone, José A. Gómez, Vincenzo Bagarello, Paloma Hueso-Gonzalez, José M. Nicolau, Ana Lucía, N. Moustakas, Costas Kosmas, M. L. Rodríguez-Blanco, Jérôme Latron, E. Gimeno, Juan F. Martínez-Murillo, Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat de Catalunya, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Universidad de Lleida, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Departamento de Geografía, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE), Soil and Water Conservation Research Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Desertification Research Centre, Department of Environmental Quality and Soils, CIDE-CSIC, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts de Tunisie (INRGREF), Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Faculty of Forest Sciences and Natural Resources, Universidad Austral de Chile, RIUS, Fluvial Dynamics Research Group, University of Lleida (UL), Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Departamento Investigación Aplicada y Extensión Agraria, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), ISFOOD Institute, Department of Projects and Rural Engineering, Universidad Pública de Navarra, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Center for GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering (GEOBIOTEC), Universidade da Beira Interior, Department of Agronomy (Soil Science Area), University of Almeria, Department of Geography, Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Université de Valence, Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Maize Genetics and Genomics Lab, CINVESTAV, Department of Earth Sciences, Centro Nacional de Supercomputación, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Unidad de Ecología, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics, University of Leon, College of Agriculture, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society (CERNAS), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS), Instituto de Agricultura, INTERRA Research Institute, University of Extremadura, Department of Environment and Planning, Earth Surface Processes Team (ESP) Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Grenoble Alpes (COMUE) (UGA), Area of Physical Geography, DCH, Universidad de la Rioja, Experimental Station of Arid Zones (EEZA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [ Madagascar])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON) Hydrol Connect Res, Dept Geog, Palma De Mallorca 07122, Spain, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science [Potsdam], University of Potsdam, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Instituto Hispano Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias, Universidad de Salamanca, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut d'Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paul Valéry (Montpellier 3), Université de Montpellier (UM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Bolivie]), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales, Escuela Politécnica Superior, Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), Physical Geography, Trier University, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], UMR Eco&Sols, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ETSIAM Campus Rabanales, Universidad de Cordoba, Department of Agriculture-Food and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Departamento de Geografía, Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània, University of Barcelona, Forest Science and Technology Centre of Catalonia, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Nairobi (UoN), Science and Technology Faculty, Hydro-Environmental Processes Research Group, University of the Basque Country (University of the Basque Country), Geographical Institute, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), MINECO-FEDER [CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, PCIN-2017-061/AEI], Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC [RYC-2013-14371, RYC-2010-06264], Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation [SFRH/BPD/120093/2016], Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract from the MEC [IJCI-2015-26463], Vicenc Mut postdoctoral fellowship from the Autonomous Balearic Government [CAIB PD/038/2016], Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia [2014 SGR 645], CERCA Programme, COST action CONNECTEUR [ES1306], University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), Universidade de Aveiro, Universitat de València (UV), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible - Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS CSIC), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Toulouse (UT), Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Pena-Angulo D., Nadal-Romero E., Gonzalez-Hidalgo J.C., Albaladejo J., Andreu V., Bagarello V., Barhi H., Batalla R.J., Bernal S., Bienes R., Campo J., Campo-Bescos M.A., Canatario-Duarte A., Canton Y., Casali J., Castillo V., Cerda A., Cheggour A., Cid P., Cortesi N., Desir G., Diaz-Pereira E., Espigares T., Estrany J., Fernandez-Raga M., Ferreira C.S.S., Ferro V., Gallart F., Gimenez R., Gimeno E., Gomez J.A., Gomez-Gutierrez A., Gomez-Macpherson H., Gonzalez-Pelayo O., Hueso-Gonzalez P., Kairis O., Karatzas G.P., Klotz S., Kosmas C., Lana-Renault N., Lasanta T., Latron J., Lazaro R., Le Bissonnais Y., Le Bouteiller C., Licciardello F., Lopez-Tarazon J.A., Lucia A., Marin C., Marques M.J., Martinez-Fernandez J., Martinez-Mena M., Martinez-Murillo J.F., Mateos L., Mathys N., Merino-Martin L., Moreno-de las Heras M., Moustakas N., Nicolau J.M., Novara A., Pampalone V., Raclot D., Rodriguez-Blanco M.L., Rodrigo-Comino J., Romero-Diaz A., Roose E., Rubio J.L., Ruiz-Sinoga J.D., Schnabel S., Senciales-Gonzalez J.M., Simonneaux V., Sole-Benet A., Taguas E.V., Taboada-Castro M.M., Taboada-Castro M.T., Todisco F., Ubeda X., Varouchakis E.A., Vericat D., Wittenberg L., Zabaleta A., Zorn M., Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Runoff, Erosion, Mediterranean basin, Sediment yield, Synoptic weather types, 0207 environmental engineering, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Hydrology (agriculture), Erosão, Produção de sedimentos, Escoamento, Bacia Mediterrânica, Soil retrogression and degradation, ddc:550, 020701 environmental engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, Sediment, Institut für Umweltwissenschaften und Geographie, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Spatial variability, Soil conservation, Surface runoff
Abstract

Este artículo contiene 16 páginas, 6 figuras, 2 tablas., Soil degradation by water is a serious environmental problem worldwide, with specific climatic factors being the major causes. We investigated the relationships between synoptic atmospheric patterns (i.e. weather types, WTs) and runoff, erosion and sediment yield throughout the Mediterranean basin by analyzing a large database of natural rainfall events at 68 research sites in 9 countries. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify spatial relationships of the different WTs including three hydro-sedimentary variables: rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield (SY, used to refer to both soil erosion measured at plot scale and sediment yield registered at catchment scale). The results indicated 4 spatial classes of rainfall and runoff: (a) northern sites dependent on North (N) and North West (NW) flows; (b) eastern sites dependent on E and NE flows; (c) southern sites dependent on S and SE flows; and, finally, (d) western sites dependent on W and SW flows. Conversely, three spatial classes are identified for SY characterized by: (a) N and NE flows in northern sites (b) E flows in eastern sites, and (c) Wand SW flows in western sites. Most of the rainfall, runoff and SY occurred during a small number of daily events, and just a few WTs accounted for large percentages of the total. Our results confirm that characterization by WT improves understanding of the general conditions under which runoff and SY occur, and provides useful information for understanding the spatial variability of runoff, and SY throughout the Mediterranean basin. The approach used here could be useful to aid of the design of regional water management and soil conservation measures., This research was supported by projects funded by the MINECOFEDER: CGL2014-52135-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569- R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. When this manuscript was first submitted Estela Nadal-Romero and Damià Vericat received a “Ramón y Cajal” postdoctoral contract (RYC-2013-14371 and RYC‐2010‐06264, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC). Damià Vericat is now a Serra Húnter Fellow at the University of Lleida. María Fernández-Raga received a “José Castillejo” postdoctoral grant (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports). Carla Ferreira was supported by a post-doctoral research grant from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (SFRH/ BPD/120093/2016). Mariano Moreno-de las Heras received a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract (IJCI-2015-26463) from the MEC. José Andrés López-Tarazón received a Vicenç Mut postdoctoral fellowship from the Autonomous Balearic Government (CAIB PD/038/2016). José Andrés López-Tarazón and Ramon Batalla also acknowledge the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUSFluvial Dynamics Research Group), and the CERCA Programme. This paper has benefited from the Lab and Field Data Pool created within the framework of the COST action CONNECTEUR (ES1306).

Published
2019
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31. Relationship of Weather Types on the Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Rainfall, Runoff, and Sediment Yield in the Western Mediterranean Basin

Author

Álvaro Gómez-Gutiérrez, Feliciana Licciardello, Marcella Biddoccu, Susana Bernal, Victor Castillo, José Carlos González-Hidalgo, Costas Kosmas, Ramón Bienes, Juan Albaladejo, Susanne Schnabel, Artemio Cerdà, Ana Lucía, José Damián Ruiz-Sinoga, Luis Merino-Martín, Xavier Úbeda, Yolanda Cantón, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis, Francesc Gallart, Antonio Canatário-Duarte, Vincenzo Pampalone, Patricio Cid, Dhais Peña-Angulo, N. Mathys, José Andrés López-Tarazón, Jérôme Latron, Sébastien Klotz, Matija Zorn, Damien Raclot, Elvira Díaz-Pereira, Maria Jose Marques, María Martínez-Mena, Óscar González-Pelayo, Albert Solé-Benet, E. Gimeno, María Fernández-Raga, Noemí Lana-Renault, Carla Ferreira, George P. Karatzas, N. Moustakas, Helena Gómez-Macpherson, Francesca Todisco, Teodoro Lasanta, C. Le Bouteiller, Joan Estrany, Vicente Andreu, M. L. Rodríguez-Blanco, José M. Nicolau, José Luis Rubio, Orestis Kairis, M. Mercedes Taboada-Castro, Miguel A. Campo-Bescós, Eugenio Cavallo, Tíscar Espigares, Saskia Keesstra, Luciano Mateos, H. Bahri, José A. Gómez, Y. Le Bissonnais, Jesús Rodrigo-Comino, José María Senciales-González, A. Zabaleta, Lea Wittenberg, Mariano Moreno-de las Heras, Vito Ferro, M.T. Taboada-Castro, Javier Casalí, Nicola Cortesi, Rafael Giménez, Asunción Romero-Díaz, C. Marín, Estela Nadal-Romero, J. Farguell, Julián Campo, José Martínez-Fernández, G. Desir, V.M. Marín-Moreno, Roberto Lázaro, Encarnación V. Taguas, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Ambientales (IUCA), Departamento de Geografía, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Desertification Research Centre, Department of Environmental Quality and Soils, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Institute for Agricultural and Earthmoving Machines, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Departamento Investigación Aplicada y Extensión Agraria, Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), ISFOOD Institute, Department of Projects and Rural Engineering, Universidad Pública de Navarra [Espagne] = Public University of Navarra (UPNA), School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Department of Agronomy (Soil Science Area), University of Almeria, Soil and Water Conservation Research Group, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, Department of Geography, Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Universitat de València (UV), Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (LANGEBIO), Maize Genetics and Genomics Lab, CINVESTAV, Department of Earth Sciences, Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputacion (BSC - CNS), Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Unidad de Ecología, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares (UAH), Department of Geography, Mediterranean Ecogeomorphological and Hydrological Connectivity Research Team (MEDhyCON), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Mediterranean Environmental Research Group, Department of Physical Geography and Regional Geographic Analysis (GRAM), University of Barcelona, Department of Applied Chemistry and Physics, University of Leon, College of Agriculture, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society (CERNAS), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible - Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS CSIC), INTERRA Research Institute, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Department of Environment and Planning, Earth Surface Processes Team (ESP) Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Department of Natural Resources Management and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, School of Environmental Engineering [Chania], Technical University of Crete [Chania], Team Soil Water and Land Use, Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen UR, Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Area of Physical Geography, DCH, Universidad de la Rioja, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Experimental Station of Arid Zones (EEZA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Physical and Regional Geography Research Group, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Universitat de Lleida, University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Faculty of Sciences, Center for Applied Geosciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Universidad de Córdoba = University of Córdoba [Córdoba], Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Instituto Hispano Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias, Universidad de Salamanca, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, Laboratoire commun de télédétection (UR LCMO), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), University of Vigo [ Pontevedra], Physical Geography, Trier University, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Faculty of Sciences, Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), Department of Agriculture-Food and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Departamento de Geografía, Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Nairobi (UoN), Science and Technology Faculty, Hydro-Environmental Processes Research Group, University of the Basque Country (University of the Basque Country), Geographical Institute, Scientific Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), Spanish Government (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MINECO) and FEDER Projects: CGL2014 52135-C3-3-R, ESP2017-89463-C3-3-R, CGL2014-59946-R, CGL2015-65569-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-2-R, CGL2015-64284-C2-1-R, CGL2016-78075-P, GL2008-02879/BTE, LEDDRA 243857, RECARE-FP7, CGL2017-83866-C3-1-R, and PCIN-2017-061/AEI. Dhais Pena-Angulo received a 'Juan de la Cierva' postdoctoral contract (FJCI-2017-33652 Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, MEC). Ana Lucia acknowledge the 'Brigitte-Schlieben-Lange-Programm'. The 'Geoenvironmental Processes and Global Change' (E02_17R) was financed by the Aragon Government and the European Social Fund. Jose Andres Lopez-Tarazon acknowledges the Secretariat for Universities and Research of the Department of the Economy and Knowledge of the Autonomous Government of Catalonia for supporting the Consolidated Research Group 2014 SGR 645 (RIUS-Fluvial Dynamics Research Group). Artemi Cerda thank the funding of the OCDE TAD/CRP JA00088807. Jose Martinez-Fernandez acknowledges the project Unidad de Excelencia CLU-2018-04 co-funded by FEDER and Castilla y Leon Government. Ane Zabaleta is supported by the Hydro-Environmental Processes consolidated research group (IT1029-16, Basque Government)., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Gobierno de Aragón, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Generalitat de Catalunya, Junta de Castilla y León, Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ingeniería, Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. ISFOOD - Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain, Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Ingeniaritza Saila, University of Zaragoza, CNR - National Research Council of Italy, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Université de Valence, University of Extremadura, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia (IPE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Potsdam, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Universidad de Córdoba [Cordoba], Instrumentation, Material and Correlated Electrons Physics (IMAPEC), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Universidade do Porto, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Barcelona Supercomputing Center, UAM. Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Pena-Angulo D., Nadal-Romero E., Gonzalez-Hidalgo J.C., Albaladejo J., Andreu V., Barhi H., Bernal S., Biddoccu M., Bienes R., Campo J., Campo-Bescos M.A., Canatario-Duarte A., Canton Y., Casali J., Castillo V., Cavallo E., Cerda A., Cid P., Cortesi N., Desir G., Diaz-Pereira E., Espigares T., Estrany J., Farguell J., Fernandez-Raga M., Ferreira C.S., Ferro V., Gallart F., Gimenez R., Gimeno E., Gomez J.A., Gomez-Gutierrez A., Gomez-Macpherson H., Gonzalez-Pelayo O., Kairis O., Karatzas G.P., Keesstra S., Klotz S., Kosmas C., Lana-Renault N., Lasanta T., Latron J., Lazaro R., Bissonnais Y.L., Bouteiller C.L., Licciardello F., Lopez-Tarazon J.A., Lucia A., Marin-Moreno V.M., Marin C., Marques M.J., Martinez-Fernandez J., Martinez-Mena M., Mateos L., Mathys N., Merino-Martin L., Moreno-de las Heras M., Moustakas N., Nicolau J.M., Pampalone V., Raclot D., Rodriguez-Blanco M.L., Rodrigo-Comino J., Romero-Diaz A., Ruiz-Sinoga J.D., Rubio J.L., Schnabel S., Senciales-Gonzalez J.M., Sole-Benet A., Taguas E.V., Taboada-Castro M.T., Taboada-Castro M.M., Todisco F., Ubeda X., Varouchakis E.A., Wittenberg L., Zabaleta A., Zorn M., Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Mediterranean climate, Western Mediterranean, Rainfall, Atmospheric Science, Water en Landgebruik, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Climate, analyses, Sedimentació, 02 engineering and technology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean Basin, Soil, Bodem, Lluvia, Soil, Water and Land Use, Geología, weather types, rainfall, runoff, erosion, sediment yield, seasonal analyses, Mediterranean basin, Erosion, Mediterranean basin, Rainfall, Runoff, Seasonal analyses, Sediment yield, Weather types, 020701 environmental engineering, Precipitacions (Meteorologia), Sediment yield, Edafología, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, 2502 Climatología, Drenatge, 6. Clean water, Weather types, Tipos de clima, Erosión, Precipitations (Meteorology), 2511 Ciencias del Suelo (Edafología), 2508.10 Precipitación, Seasonal analyses, Anticyclone, Erosió, Erosion, Drainage, Mediterrània occidental, Soil erosion--Climatic factors, Cuenca mediterranea, Runoff, 0207 environmental engineering, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), lcsh:QC851-999, complex mixtures, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Atmospheric instability, Settore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali, Datasets, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mediterraneanbasin, Hydrology, Water and Land Use, Rainfal, fungi, Sediment, Sedimentation and deposition, seasonal, 15. Life on land, Atmosfera -- Aspectes ambientals, Bodem, Water en Landgebruik, 13. Climate action, Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències de la terra i de la vida [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Soil erosion, Environmental science, Rainfall frequencies, Spatial variability, lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Clima, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Surface runoff
Abstract

Producción Científica, Rainfall is the key factor to understand soil erosion processes, mechanisms, and rates. Most research was conducted to determine rainfall characteristics and their relationship with soil erosion (erosivity) but there is little information about how atmospheric patterns control soil losses, and this is important to enable sustainable environmental planning and risk prevention. We investigated the temporal and spatial variability of the relationships of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield with atmospheric patterns (weather types, WTs) in the western Mediterranean basin. For this purpose, we analyzed a large database of rainfall events collected between 1985 and 2015 in 46 experimental plots and catchments with the aim to: (i) evaluate seasonal differences in the contribution of rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield produced by the WTs; and (ii) to analyze the seasonal efficiency of the different WTs (relation frequency and magnitude) related to rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield. The results indicate two different temporal patterns: the first weather type exhibits (during the cold period: autumn and winter) westerly flows that produce the highest rainfall, runoff, and sediment yield values throughout the territory; the second weather type exhibits easterly flows that predominate during the warm period (spring and summer) and it is located on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula. However, the cyclonic situations present high frequency throughout the whole year with a large influence extended around the western Mediterranean basin. Contrary, the anticyclonic situations, despite of its high frequency, do not contribute significantly to the total rainfall, runoff, and sediment (showing the lowest efficiency) because of atmospheric stability that currently characterize this atmospheric pattern. Our approach helps to better understand the relationship of WTs on the seasonal and spatial variability of rainfall, runoff and sediment yield with a regional scale based on the large dataset and number of soil erosion experimental stations., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad - FEDER (CGL2014 52135-C3-3-R; ESP2017-89463-C3-3-R; CGL2014-59946-R; CGL2015-65569-R; CGL2015-64284- C2-2-R; CGL2015-64284-C2-1-R; CGL2016-78075-P; GL2008-02879/BTE; LEDDRA 243857; RECARE-FP7; CGL2017-83866-C3-1-R y PCIN-2017- 061/AEI), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (FJCI-2017-33652), Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (TAD/CRP JA00088807), Junta de Castilla y León - FEDER (CLU-2018-04)

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32. Turfgrass biomass production and nutrient balance of an urban park irrigated with reclaimed water.

Author

Zalacáin D, Martínez-Pérez S, Bienes R, García-Díaz A, and Sastre-Merlín A

Subjects
Agricultural Irrigation, Biomass, Nutrients, Wastewater analysis, Water analysis, Parks, Recreational, Poaceae growth & development, Water chemistry
Abstract

The increasing demand for water resources in arid and semiarid countries has stimulated the use of non-conventional water resources such as reclaimed water. Consequently, turfgrass irrigation with reclaimed water has become a regular practice in these regions. The main goal of this research was to assess the effects of reclaimed water (RW) irrigation in Madrid urban parks by studying changes in grass nutrient balance and its biomass production. Irrigation with reclaimed water led to a grass biomass increase, mainly due to the high proportion of nutrients received through the irrigation water. The main nutrient input in RW irrigation were of Cl, S, K and Na. RW also contributed to a significant increase in nutrient removal by grass. Thus, all this information generated should be taken into account by park managers in order to fulfill the grass aesthetic value and its nutritional requirements in those urban parks irrigated with RW., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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33. Labile and stable soil organic carbon and physical improvements using groundcovers in vineyards from central Spain.

Author

García-Díaz A, Marqués MJ, Sastre B, and Bienes R

Abstract

Mediterranean vineyards are usually managed with continuous tillage to maintain bare soils leading to low organic matter stocks and soil degradation. Vineyards are part of the Mediterranean culture, their management can be sustainable. We propose the setup of two types of groundcovers with the aim to assess their potential influence to improve soil properties. A field trial was performed to compare the effects of a seeded (Brachypodium distachyon) and spontaneous groundcovers, on a set of soil parameters, in comparison with the traditional tillage in four vineyards located in the center of Spain. Three years after the groundcovers establishment soil organic carbon stocks increased up to 1.62 and 3.18Mgha -1 for the seeded and the spontaneous groundcovers, respectively, compared to conventional tillage. Both labile and stable fractions improved their soil organic carbon content with the use of groundcovers, particularly the labile fraction. Moreover, soil structure and functional soil properties improved through better aggregate stability, pore connectivity and infiltration rates. The higher root biomass input of the spontaneous groundcovers derived in higher soil organic carbon increases and soil quality improvement. Consequently, under low rainfall conditions (<400mmperyear) spontaneous vegetation, properly managed according to site conditions, is an effective soil management strategy to revert soil degradation and increase soil quality in Mediterranean vineyards., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2018
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34. 15-Deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin-J(2) reveals a new pVHL-independent, lysosomal-dependent mechanism of HIF-1alpha degradation.

Author

Olmos G, Arenas MI, Bienes R, Calzada MJ, Aragonés J, Garcia-Bermejo ML, Landazuri MO, and Lucio-Cazaña J

Subjects
Animals, Calcium metabolism, Calpain metabolism, Cathepsin B metabolism, Cell Line, Humans, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit genetics, Kidney cytology, Prostaglandin D2 metabolism, Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein genetics, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit metabolism, Lysosomes metabolism, Prostaglandin D2 analogs & derivatives, Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein metabolism
Abstract

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) protein is degraded under normoxia by its association to von Hippel-Lindau protein (pVHL) and further proteasomal digestion. However, human renal cells HK-2 treated with 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin-J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) accumulate HIF-1alpha in normoxic conditions. Thus, we aimed to investigate the mechanism involved in this accumulation. We found that 15d-PGJ(2) induced an over-accumulation of HIF-1alpha in RCC4 cells, which lack pVHL and in HK-2 cells treated with inhibitors of the pVHL-proteasome pathway. These results indicated that pVHL-proteasome-independent mechanisms are involved, and therefore we aimed to ascertain them. We have identified a new lysosomal-dependent mechanism of HIF-1alpha degradation as a target for 15d-PGJ(2) based on: (1) HIF-1alpha colocalized with the specific lysosomal marker Lamp-2a, (2) 15d-PGJ(2) inhibited the activity of cathepsin B, a lysosomal protease, and (3) inhibition of lysosomal activity did not result in over-accumulation of HIF-1alpha in 15d-PGJ(2)-treated cells. Therefore, expression of HIF-1alpha is also modulated by lysosomal degradation.

Published
2009
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35. Spatial variability of the soil erodibility parameters and their relation with the soil map at subgroup level.

Author

Pérez-Rodríguez R, Marques MJ, and Bienes R

Abstract

This project takes a look at the variation of the parameters related to soil erodibility (fractions of clay, silt, fine and coarse sand; organic matter, permeability, and structure) coming from soil pits from the Community of Madrid's soil map (Spain), according to Soil Taxonomy at subgroup level. It draws the conclusion that map erodibility shouldn't be estimated from a soil map because the K factor obtained does not present significant differences among the different types of soil. One or more key factors related with soil erodibility must be taken into account if erodibility maps are to be drawn. This research has shown that silt and structure could be considered key factors for erodibility maps of the area, but not significant differences have been found in important factors such as clay or organic matter due to the wide range of data variance. In order to elaborate erosion risk maps the use of the K factor from the physiographical map is a good alternative. When data are grouped according to these criteria significant differences in K factor are shown. Erodibility was greater in soils developed over gypsic material, with a value of 0.63+/-0.28, than in high plateaus (locally know as alcarrias), with a value of 0.40+/-0.18. In order to adequately represent soil erodibility, a kriging geostatistic technique is used, which reduces the variation of the factors considered when they are found to correlate, as is the case with the parameters considered to calculate K factor.

Published
2007
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36. Effect of vegetal cover on runoff and soil erosion under light intensity events. Rainfall simulation over USLE plots.

Author

Marques MJ, Bienes R, Jiménez L, and Pérez-Rodríguez R

Abstract

The erosive power of frequent light rainfalls is studied in this paper. Field experiments of simulated rainfall (Intensity, 21 mm h(-1) and kinetic energy, 13.5 J m(-2) mm(-1)) were conducted over 8 bounded USLE plots (80 m(2) each) with a slope of 10%. In 4 plots the soil was almost bare (<4% vegetation cover); the other 4 plots had almost full cover with natural vegetation in one year. Runoff and sediment yield was recorded. The results revealed the efficiency of vegetation cover reducing runoff and sediments. Runoff and sediments were negligible in covered plots. Therefore, in bare plots, although sediment yield was generally low, averaging 74+/-43 kg ha(-1), the mean of runoff achieved a coefficient of 35%, this magnitude has to be taken into consideration in this region verging on aridity. Rains around 13.5 J m(-2) mm(-1) of kinetic energy are quite frequent in the study area (34% of recorded rains en 12 years). If we would consider the usual lower limits from the literature, we would be ignoring an important percent of natural rainfall episodes.

Published
2007
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37. Use of dendrochronological method in Pinus halepensis to estimate the soil erosion in the South East of Madrid (Spain).

Author

Pérez-Rodríguez R, Marques MJ, and Bienes R

Abstract

The rate of soil erosion in pine forests (Pinus halepensis) located in the Southeast of Madrid has been estimated using dendrochronological analysis based on the change in ring-growth pattern from concentric to eccentric when the root is exposed. Using 49 roots spread across five inclined areas, it has been found that the length and direction of the hillsides, as well as their vegetation cover affect the rate of erosion, while the slope itself does not. The erosion rates found for the different areas studied vary between 3.5 and 8.8 mm year(-1), that is between 40 and 101 t ha(-1) year(-1) respectively. These values are between 2 and 3 times greater than those predicted by USLE, for which this equation underestimates soil loss for Central Spain's Mediterranean conditions. Nonetheless, both methods (using dendrochronology to determine actual soil loss and theoretical prediction with USLE) are able to establish the same significant differences among the areas studied, allowing for the comparative estimate of the severity of the area's erosion problem.

Published
2007
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