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Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the possible adverse effect of intracameral cefuroxime (ICC) on corneal endothelium by comparing it with subconjunctival gentamycin (SCG) injection. Methods: Patients were divided in two groups; ICC (1 mg/0.1 ml) and SCG (40 mg/ml). Corrected distance visual acuity, anterior segment examination, intraocular pressure measurement, specular microscopy (endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation (CV), hexagonality, and central corneal thickness (CCT) were performed before surgery and at postoperative controls on week 1, month 1, and month 3. Results: Fifty-one eyes received ICC, 37 eyes SCG, and the mean ages of the patients were 70.0±5.5 and 69.2±6.6 (p=0.644). Endothelial cell loss at month 1 was 17.07% in ICC and 16.75% in SCG group (p=0.899). CCT returned to pre-operative values in SCG group at month 1 (p=0.483). Whereas in ICC eyes, a statistically significantly higher CCT still persisted at month 1 (p=0.015). CV showed no statistically significant difference at three post-operative visits compared to baseline in SCG group. Whereas in ICC group, a statistically significant increase was observed in CV at week 1 (p=0.000) and month 1 (p=0.012). At month 3 visit, a statistically significantly lower hexagonality was observed in ICC when compared with SCG (p=0.019). Conclusion: Results of our study showed that the licensed ICC use after phacoemulsification is safe as SCG in clinical point of view. However, abnormalities in CCT, CV, and hexagonality suggest subclinical endothelial toxicity of cefuroxime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in patients with psoriasis. Materials and Methods: The study included 31 treatment-naive psoriasis patients without ocular involvement and 29 age- and sex-matched controls. Psoriasis was classified using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score. Superficial and deep vascular densities (SVD, DVD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, perimetry, foveal density (FD) 300µm around the FAZ, central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) were measured with the Optovue OCTA device. The groups were compared statistically. Results: There was no difference between groups regarding age and gender (p:0,6 ve 0,2 respectively). Of the cases with psoriasis, 16% had arthritis and 45% had nail involvement. Median (min-max) disease duration was 10 years (1-48 years) and PASI score was 10 (2,20-42). The mean SVD and DVD were comparable between the groups (p:0,73 and 0,97 respectively). There was no significant difference in mean FAZ area, perimetry and FD between the patients and the controls. There was no correlation between the OCTA metrics and the severity, duration, nail and joint involvement of the disease (p>0,05 for all values). Additionally there was no significant difference between mild and severe psoriasis cases (p>0.05). Conclusion: OCTA is a promising technique for imaging the retinal microvascular system in psoriasis cases. However, it seems to have a limited role in detecting early subclinical changes in cases without ocular involvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess efficacy of three loading dose of bevacizumab in central diabetic macular edema. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 30 eyes of 23 patients who were given three loading doses of monthly intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/mL) for central DDME between February, 2019 and January, 2021. The study included treatment-naive eyes with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≥ least 5 letters at baseline. In all cases, central macular thickness (CMT) was measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT: Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). The BCVA was assessed using geometric chart at 4 meters. BCVA, CMT and intraocular pressure measurements as well as biomicroscopy and fundus examination were performed at each control visit. Primary efficacy outcome was visual acuity gain (in letters) and CMT reduction. Data were analyzed using Paired samples t test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation analysis. Findings: Mean age was 59.0±8.1 years in the study population. Mean BCVA was 19.6±10.7 letters while mean CMT was 479.0±10.6 µm at baseline. The vision was improved to 22.8±10.1 letters (p=0.007) while mean CMT was decreased t0 453.9±137.9 µm (p=0.163) after first injection (Paired samples t test). The vision was improved to 25.1±9.4 letters (p=0.007) and mean CMT was decreased to 420.8±130.5 µm (p=0.016) after second injection; and 28.6±9.9 letters (p=0.000) and 393±146.0 µm (p=0.002) after third injection. The letter gain was 9 letters. It was found that ≥3 orders improvement was achieved in 9 eyes )30%) whereas 2 orders in 8 eyes (26.7%) and 1 order in 9 eyes (30.0%). There was no response or decreased vision in 4 eyes (13.3%). Conclusion: Treatment with three loading dose of monthly bevacizumab is an effective first-line treatment ensuring visual and anatomic improvement in DME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]