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Data Terra’s main mission is to develop a structure for accessing and processing data, data-products and services geared towards observing, understanding and predicting in an integrated manner the history, mechanisms and evolution of the Earth system in response to global changes and extreme events. Data Terra federates four data and services hubs dedicated to the four physical compartments of the Earth System: Aeris for the atmosphere, Odatis for the oceans, Theia for land surfaces and ForM@Ter for the solid Earth. While aimed chiefly at the scientific community, the unique research e-infrastructure also serves public and socio-economic stakeholders and its multi-source data are accessible via coherent, one-stop portals.As a digital infrastructure in the field of earth and environmental science, Data Terra works closely with Earth-observation research infrastructures and space agencies. It is backed by a continuum of distributed and interconnected platforms, proposing services that span the full data cycle from access from repositories to value-added processing, thus enabling inter- and trans-disciplinarity studies as well as exploitation of large volumes of data. At national, European and international levels (EOSC Pillar, Fair impact, Phidias, Copernicus services, …), it is advancing the development of open science, implementation of FAIR approaches, contributing to space missions and applications and to the initiative to generate digital twins of the Earth., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

Differences in acoustic estimates of small pelagic fish biomass, due to data acquisition during daytime and night-time surveys, have been recognized as a problem in acoustic surveys for many years. In the absence of a single rule for all species and for all locations, some expert groups have identified specific time intervals for acoustic data acquisition in relation to the schooling behavior of the target species. In the Mediterranean Sea, the research groups working in the MEDIAS (Mediterranean International Acoustic Survey) agreed on the necessity of acoustic sampling being conducted only during daytime. Only when available time does not permit to complete the survey during daytime, data collection might be extended. In this case, working on data collected during both daytime and night-time, a bias may occur in the biomass estimates. To evaluate and correct such bias, specific experiments were performed in some geographical subareas of the Mediterranean Sea. The data analysis allowed the estimation of a mean correction factor for the Strait of Sicily, where five surveys were carried out in different years. The correction factor was also estimated for the Adriatic Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea and northern Spain; the observed variability among areas highlighted the importance of the spatial and temporal coverage of the survey area to obtain reliable estimates of the correction factor. Further studies are necessary to improve the interpretation of the obtained estimates in relation to area-related peculiarities such as zooplankton composition and abundance along with small pelagic fish community structure.

Durante lo svolgimento del progetto è stato effettuato un monitoraggio acustico e visivo presso il sito di Clara NW in adempimento a quanto richiesto dalla prescrizione A7 riportata nel decreto D.M. 0000227 del 17/09/2014 e relativa al progetto di sviluppo della piattaforma di estrazione metanifera Clara NW. Il rilevamento è stato finalizzato all'attuazione di misure di mitigazione del rumore subacqueo allo scopo di tutelare i mammiferi marini presenti nell'area di cantiere durante la realizzazione del progetto di sviluppo della piattaforma off-shore denominata Clara NW. Il monitoraggio dei mammiferi marini presenti nell'area di realizzazione della piattaforma è stato effettuato in modalità visiva sia come monitoraggio acustico passivo (PAM) 24 ore su 24 per tutta la durata dei lavori a mare. Nel presente rapporto sono descritti gli avvistamenti fatti, i mezzi navali coinvolti e le misure di mitigazione adottate al fine di ridurre il rumore subacqueo prodotto durante le varie fasi di realizzazione della piattaforma Clara NW.

Valutazione delle risorse alieutiche

Valutazione risorse alieutiche

Valutazione delle risorse alieutiche

Valutazione risorse alieutiche

Monitoraggio tramite metodologia acustica della biomassa dei piccolo pelagici in Adriatico. Nel report vengono riportate le stime dell'abbondanza e della distribuzione spaziale di alici e sardine nel versante occidentale del Nord e Medio Adriatico (GSA 17) e del Sud Adriatico (GSA 18) ottenute dal'elaborazione dei dati acquisiti durante la campagna di survey acustico MEDIAS effettuata nel 2011 .

Il progetto riguarda il monitoraggio tramite metodologia acustica della biomassa dei piccolo pelagici in Adriatico. Nel rapporto sono riportate le stimare dell'abbondanza e della distribuzione spaziale di alici e sardine nel versante italiano del Nord e Medio Adriatico (GSA 17) e del Sud Adriatico (GSA 18) ottenute dall'elaborazione dei dati acquisiti durante la campagna di survey acustico MEDIAS 2010.

A characteristic of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is that they live in dense swarms of millions of individuals and such swarms have significant effect on the physical and pelagic environment. Krill body density is about 3% higher than the surrounding water and krill phytoplankton carbon demand is very high, therefore krill swarms need to move continuously and quickly through the water and their movements influence the gross features of the bio-physical environment together with the spatial distribution of krill-eating predators. An enormous aggregation of E. superba swarms was found on the 22nd and 23rd Nov. 1994 in an area of about 2100 km2, in the central part of the Ross Sea. The mean krill areal density resulted 860 g/m2 distributed from 10 to 120m in depth. The bulk of this aggregation was centered on a gigantic swarm containing roughly 57000 million adult Antarctic krill. Krill density in the same area, sampled on the 28-29th Nov., resulted 30 times lower than five days before and the "super swarm" apparently had scattered Northwestward in small and dense swarms. The paper concentrates on both the gigantic swarm found on the 23rd November and one of the swarms sampled acoustically on the 29th November, on the respective surrounding bio-physical environments and on the predators feeding in the swarm areas. The bio-physical factors that may limit swarm density and duration and the influence of swarms on the surrounding environment and predator spatial distribution are discussed.

Target strength (TS) of preserved (frozen and defrosted) Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum) of total length (TL) from 110 to 202.5 mm were measured ex situ (Ancona Bay) at 38, 120 and 200 kHz in May 2007 and in February 2009. Overall ex situ TS-TL relationships were: TS38 = 36.83Log TL(cm) -103.62 (N = 18); TS120 = 34.75Log TL(cm) -84.20 (N = 19); TS200 = 26.71Log TL(cm) -73.74; (N = 16). Nine in situ acoustic trawl experiments targeted at juveniles and post-larvae of P. antarcticum with a total length from 13 to 70 mm, were conducted in the southeast of the continental slope and shelf of the Ross Sea at depths from 30 to 120 m, during the Italian expeditions of 1997/98, 2000 and 2004. The regression lines for estimating TS from nine experiments were: TS38 = 57.58Log TL(cm) -123.77; TS120 = 51.94Log TL(cm) -105.92; TS200 = 46.61Log TL(cm) -95.29. These results indicate that the TS-TL relationships at 38, 120 and 200 kHz of adults of P. antarcticum differ consistently from those of post-larvae and juveniles. However, a simple model derived from the geometrical and acoustic characteristics of different parts of adult P. antarcticum and designed to fit fish life stages from adults to post-larvae and frequencies from 38 to 200 kHz, can predict the experimental TS measured both ex situ and in situ with a mean difference