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A method for rapid on-site determination of cadmium in crayfish by dilute acid extraction and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) was established. It was determined to use 3% hydrochloric acid as the extraction solution, 20 min as extraction time, 10% sodium diacetate as the basic solution in performing the anodic stripping voltammetry analysis. In the interval of (0.005–1.0) mg kg−1, the content of cadmium in crayfish had a good linear relationship with the peak current. The method was applied to the crayfish reference material. The limit of detection was 0.005 mg kg−1. The repeatability was 3.8%. The results had no significant difference between ASV and ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry) method with T-test statistical method. This method is simple, rapid and sensitive. It has been carried on-site to detect real crawfish sample in food rapid detection vehicle.