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Abstract Background Cold is an important environmental limiting factor affecting plant yield and quality. Capsicum (chili pepper), a tropical and subtropical vegetable crop, is extremely sensitive to cold. Although H2S is an important signaling regulator in the responses of plant growth and development to abiotic stress, few studies have examined its effects on cold-sensitive capsicum varieties. Through biotechnology methods to enhance the cold resistance of peppers, to provide some reference for pepper breeding, investigated molecular regulation by H2S of responses to cold stress in cold-sensitive capsicum plants, via physiological and transcriptomic analyses. Results In capsicum seedlings, exogenous H2S enhanced relative electrical conductivity (REC) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) under cold stress, maintained membrane integrity, increased the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, balanced reactive oxygen species levels (O2 ·− and H2O2), and improved photosynthesis, mitigating the damage caused by cold. In addition, 416 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in the response to cold stress after H2S treatment. These DEGs were mainly enriched in the ascorbate–glutathione and starch–sucrose metabolic pathways and plant hormone signal-transduction pathways. Exogenous H2S altered the expression of key enzyme-encoding genes such as GST, APX, and MDHAR in the ascorbate–glutathione metabolism pathway, as well as that of regulatory genes for stimulatory hormones (auxin, cytokinins, and gibberellins) and inhibitory hormones (including jasmonate and salicylic acid) in the plant hormone signal-transduction pathway, helping to maintain the energy supply and intracellular metabolic stability under cold stress. Conclusions These findings reveal that exogenous H2S improves cold tolerance in cold-sensitive capsicum plants, elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying its responses to cold stress. This study provides a theoretical basis for exploring and improving cold tolerance in capsicum plants.

Abstract Background Myopia is prevalent in China; however, trials involving Chinese children wearing dual-focus soft contact lenses (DFSCL) are limited. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of DFSCL among Chinese school-age children. Methods Sixty-four children aged 8–12 years with spherical equivalent refraction (SER) between − 0.75D and − 4.00D were recruited in this randomized controlled clinical study. The control group (32 subjects) wore single-vision spectacles (SVS), while the DFSCL group (32 subjects) wore daily disposable + 2.00 D defocus MiSight DFSCL. Follow-up examinations were performed every 3 months to compare the axial length (AL) growth and SER change between the groups for a period of 12 months by using the independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical differences with a P

Crop models play an important role in the simulation, evaluation and prediction of maize production. Through literature review, the authors systematically summarized the development and application of DSSAT-CSM model in China; the composition, development and shortcomings of DSSAT-CSM model; and the process and results of using crop model to simulate the key factors affecting maize growth. It provided reference and technical support for crop model to optimize maize growth and yield by adjusting crop variety parameters, temperature variation, nitrogen fertilizer measures, irrigation system and key soil factors. Uncertainty and deficiencies of current crop models were the key factors that limited simulation accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, standardizing data collection, coupling multiple types of crop models, optimizing dynamic management processes, and modifying and optimizing models are the future trends of crop models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

laxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) oil is an important crop in China, which is rich in saturated fatty acids, alpha-linolenic acid, and other essential nutrients for the human body. Here, we investigated the effects of different irrigation and fertilization conditions on flax yield and quality in semi-arid regions in northern China. Using non-weighing lysimeter fertilization versus non-fertilization, the effects of four irrigation treatments (1 500, 1 800, 2 100, and 2 400 m³ ha-1) on flax yield and quality were assessed for the flax cultivar 'Yajin7.' As the irrigation quota increased, both the aboveground fresh weight and flaxseed biomass initially increased and subsequently decreased. The flax fresh weight and seed weight increased by 74.52 and 80.70%, at irrigation quotas of 2 100 and 1 500 m³ ha-1, respectively; however, irrigation quota had no significant effect on flax quality. Fertilizer application significantly improved flax and flaxseed yields by 127 and 77%, respectively, increased mean flax protein content from 20.05 to 24.63%, and decreased the mean lipid content from 46.52 to 43.67%. However, fertilization had no effect on the content of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. Overall, our results highlight that water related benefits to flax crops decrease in response to increasing the irrigation quota and appropriate fertilizer application can significantly improve flax yield and quality. Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for irrigation and fertilization related to flax cultivation in northern China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Exposed endoscopic full‐thickness resection (Eo‐EFTR) has proven effective and economical for patients with gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs), showing great prospects. However, the poor operative field of view, the risk of tumors falling into the peritoneal cavity, especially the difficulties in defect closure, have limited its widespread application. Herein, we described a modified traction‐assisted Eo‐EFTR technique aimed at simplifying both the dissection and defect closure procedures. Methods: Nineteen patients who underwent the modified Eo‐EFTR for gastric SMTs in the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital were enrolled in the study. Following a 2/3 circumferential full‐thickness incision, a clip with dental floss was anchored to the resected part of the tumor surface. With the dental floss traction, the gastric defect was reshaped into a V shape, which facilitated the deployment of clips to close the defect. The defect closure and tumor dissection procedures were then performed alternately. Patients' demographics, tumor characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes were evaluated retrospectively. Results: All tumors had an R0 resection. The median procedure time was 43 min (range 28–89 min). No severe perioperative adverse events occurred. Two patients experienced transient fever, and three patients complained of mild abdominal pain on the first day after the operation. All patients recovered on the next day with conservative management. No residual lesion or recurrence was reported during the follow‐up period of 30.1 months. Conclusion: The safety and practicability of the modified technique might allow for wide clinical applications of Eo‐EFTR in gastric SMTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effectiveness of failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) combined with risk assessment tracking in the management of arthroscopic day surgery instruments. Methods To conduct FMEA for each link of arthroscopic day surgery instruments management process, select the failure mode of priority risk value (RPN)> 125, conduct cause analysis, and formulate improvement measures from the aspects of device information tracking, standardized equipment, fine management, and implement risk assessment tracking management. The RPN value, maintenance rate of surgery instruments, accuracy qualification rate of surgical instruments and turnover time of emergency instruments were measured for effectiveness analysis. Results Five major failure modes were determined by FMEA activity, the priority risk values of all major failure modes decreased after activity than before implementation, with a significant difference(P

Transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 4(TRPV4)is a non-selective cation channel responsible for sensing changes in cell swelling, temperature, mechanical stretch, shear stress and osmotic pressure by regulating transmembrane calcium signaling and thereby influencing gene expression, cell morphology, and cytoskeletal construction. TRPV4 is widely expressed throughout the body. Intraocularly, TRPV4 is functionally expressed in the cornea, lens, ciliary body, trabecular meshwork and retina. In this article, the expression and physiopathological functions of TRPV4 in various tissues of the eye were described. With the in-depth study of TRPV4 in ocular pathophysiological functions, TRPV4 may become a potential drug target in corneal injury repair, glaucoma and retinal angiogenesis, but further in-depth study is still needed.