Search

In this work, we try to propose a soliton processing mechanism to explain the phenomena of the Breakthrough Space Obstacles (BSO) based on the concrete experimental dates and figures taken from the somatic science. Through analysis and studying, we find that the sort of bio-electromagnetic wave field (BEF) is an origin of BSO. This BEF satisfies a nonlinear quantum Maxwell equation which is proportional to the change of particle density of object. Moreover, BEF has very broad of spectrum range from 100MHz to 1GHz and possesses high amplitude of the electromagnetic response, and also has width of frequency as well strong strength. It is this BEF allowing object to transform as a big soliton to have BSO probability by the nonlinear quantum interaction.

In this work we present a sort of structure of the brane in brane for describing the bio-radiations. The work is based on the extension of the superstring theory and can provide possible frame of biological brane to study intrinsic structure of the bio-radiations. This reveals the interaction of bio-radiation is not only electromagnetic but the week and electromagnetic, and the dimensions may be higher than four. As extension of the solitons, the brane or the brane in brane is proposed to play an important role in the bio-radiations, which can be used to explain many complicated phenomena from the somatic sciences.

In this work, we propose a model of oscillation of Davydov solitons in three wells. It can be used as a mathematical and physical frame in simulation of circle of some nonlinear oscillation of excitations via acupuncture system. The calculation shows that this sort of oscillation is possible if the initial rate of average occupational number of the quasi-particles in the wells is not equal to zero. One of oscillations arising relies on the initial rate of average occupational number of quasi-particles to be equal with each other within three wells. Then, the oscillation is not a kind of Josephson oscillation and has complicated frequency distributions. However, the total behavior of oscillation played is similar to three big solitons concentrated in three wells. In this sense, this model generally reveals a sort of oscillation mechanism of the acupuncture system how to work in the body, which allows us to understand the oscillation that may be one of fundamental natures in the acupuncture system.

A quantum computation for the Rabi oscillation based on quantum dots in the subdynamic system is presented. The working states of the original Rabi oscillation are transformed to the eigenvectors of subdynamic system. Then the dissipation and decoherence of the system are only shown in the change of the eigenvalues as phase errors since the eigenvectors are fixed. This allows both dissipation and decoherence controlling to be easier by only correcting relevant phase errors. This method can be extended to general quantum computation systems.

In this work, some types of nonlinear Liouville equation (NLE) and nonlinear Master equations (NME) are studied. We found that the nonlinear terms in the equation can resist state of system damping so that an information solitonic structure appears. Furthermore, the power in the non-linear term is independent of limitation of the solution. This characteristic offers a possibility to construct complicated information solitons from some simple solutions, which allow one to solve complicated NLE or NME. The results obtained in this work may provide an innovated channel for the quantum information transmission over far distance against dissipation and decoherence, and also open a constructive way to resist age decaying of system by designing adjusted field interaction with the system nonlinearly.

PLA and PGLA, as biodegradable polymers, are widely used in the biomedical field, such as in surgical sutures, drug delivery devices, and tissue engineering research and so on. However, the lack of hydrophilic groups on their surfaces limit their application. For improving hydrophilicity of PGA and PGLA fibers, and preserving fiber mechanical property at the same time, PLA and PGLA fibers were modified by potassium dichromate solution for different processing time for optimizing modification parameter. Breaking strength and water contact angle were tested to observe the change of properties, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) were used to analyse the change of molecular structure and functional groups. Experimental results showed that 6min was the most suitable time for improving hydrophilicity of PLA and PGLA fibers and preserve fiber mechanical property.

In this work some charicteristics and applications for quantum information is revealed. The various dynamical equations of quantum information density have been investigated, transmission characteristics of the dynamical mutual information have been studied, and the decoherence-free controlling procedure has been considered, which exposes that quantum information is holographic through the similarity structure of subdynamic kinetic equations for quantum information density.

In this work, a generalized Davydov soliton field (DSF) has been investigated. The characteristics of correlation and information for the filed are emphasized and studied. It is a sort of correlation among so called generalized solitons so that the field may appear to some macroscopic quantum properties such as the superconductivity at room temperature. Secondly, the character of information for the field can be described by a nonlinear Liouville equation in the quantum information representation. This provides a basis to express information quality of DSF, which means that DSF can influence or drive object by using (soliton type of) quantum information density. All these two aspects provide a foundation which possibly explains many potential biological functions of human body such as some complex bio-electromagnetic phenomena and their interactions with objects.

Since Gibbs synthesized a general equilibrium statistical ensemble theory, many theorists have attempted to generalized the theory to non-equilibrium domain, however the status of the theory of non-equilibrium phenomena can not be said so well established as the Gibbsian ensemble theory. In this work, we present a formalism for the non-equilibrium statistical ensemble based on a subdynamic kinetic equation (SKE) rooted from the Brussels-Austin school and followed by some up-to-date works. The constructed key is to use a similarity transformation between Gibbsian ensembles formalism based on Liouville equation and the subdynamic ensemble formalism based on the SKE. Using this formalism, we study the spin-Boson system, as cases of weak coupling or strongly coupling, and obtain the reduced density operators for the Canonical ensembles easily.

The general formulas of the network for the power exponents of the degree distribution and the entropy are presented based on an open Liouville equation for the driven network. The proposed harmonious unifying hybrid preferential models (HUHPM) have been studied using the obtained formalism, in which the simulating results are quite consistent with the theoretical results.

A dynamical equation for quantum information density (QID) in curved spacetime is presented. The related fluctuation of QID with quantum Einstein equation is also discussed, which reveals the measuring of the dynamical mutual information condition using a Gaussian quantum channel.

The finite-element method (FEM) has become an applicable method to analyse the stress distribution of bioprosthetic valves. However, most of the stress analyses performed in the past have been on bioprosthetic aortic valves. No public reports are available on the numerical simulation of stress analysis for stentless quadrileaflet pericardial mitral valves up to date. This study applied FEM to investigate the mechanical behaviours of a modified stentless quadrileaflet pericardial mitral valve. The finite-element model includes the material non-linearity, large deformation and the contact condition of leaflets. The results showed that the deformed shapes of valve in the numerical simulation are quite similar to ones observed in the hydrodynamic experiment in vitro, the stress distribution is relatively uniform and the magnitudes of stresses are in a reasonable range. It can be concluded that the finite-element model in this paper is reasonable and feasible, and the numerical results can be used to evaluate the biomechanical performance of this valve. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The sensitivity of exponents of three-power laws for node degree, node strength and edged weight to hybrid ratio are studied analytically and numerically in the weighted harmonious unifying hybrid preferential model (HUHPM), which is extended from un-weighted hybrid preferential attachment model we proposed previously [Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 (2005) 719]. Our weighted HUHPMs plus the Barrat–Barthelemy–Vespignani model and the traffic-driven evolution model, respectively, are taken as two typical examples for demonstration and application of the HUHPM.

A type of quantum interference network for electromagnetic radiation sensing, based on quantum wires, is proposed. A format is composed of symmetric hexagonal nanowire loops. The relevant quantum interference properties are analyzed, showing that the influence phase functional for the current density depends on the final relative velocity of electrons. Furthermore, the time evolution of the connectivity for this network obeys a power law, which is related to the influence functional phase. The calculation shows that the ratio of random/determination preferential attachment can change the curve shape of connectivity distribution strongly, and allow the network to appear to scale-rich properties.

A quantum information network with the structure of the Gaussian channel is proposed. The network topological property and information characteristic is studied. Under the catastrophic and exponential external field driving, the degree distribution has the spatial and temporal characteristics, and the positive or negative power index appears, which can influence the assortativity coefficient. This is possibly helpful to open a way to using the different type of driving to introduce the expected properties for the network.

A subdynamic based kinetic equation (SKE) for quantum information density (QID) is presented and using this is shown that the Liouville equation, Master equation and Fokker–Planck equation for QID all share the same formalism as the density operator. This allows one to directly use QID for studying quantum communication and to construct a quantum Gaussian channel. The channel is described by a quantum Fokker–Planck equation, which permits harmonic oscillator encoded information to transmit quantum signals with quantum parallelism. The quantum dynamical mutual information for this channel is also calculated.

Several dynamical equations for quantum information density (QID) in an open quantum electrodynamic system are studied. We discuss extending the kinetic equation of QID to the domain of quantum fields. To do this, we start from the Schwinger–Tomonaga equation and related kinetic equations for QID in an open quantum electrodynamic system by combining approaches of quantum field theory and Liouville equation. The property of evolution of QID by studying the evolution of density operator is also studied in an quantum interference model based on hexagonal nanowire loop.

A generalized Schrodinger equation for describing irreversible processes is introduced. It reveals that the wave function probability for an open system is not necessarily conservative, and enables a number of irreversible kinetic equations to be derived. One example in the field of quantum measurement is presented—the problem of wave function collapse with the example of using oscillators as measurement device.

We study several kinetic equations for quantum information density (QID) based on the classical dynamical statistical information theory (Trans. Beijing Inst. Technol. 24 (2004) 1; Acta Phys. Scinica 53 (2004) 2852). We find that the Liouville equation, SKE and quantum Fokker–Planck equation for information density or entropy operator share the same formalisms as that of density operator. This allows one to apply QID directly to perform quantum information. Furthermore, we also obtain a quantum Fokker–Planck equation for information density which exposes that flow of shift and diffusion for information density introduce change of total derivative of information density with respect to time. As an application, the complex spectrum of SKE for information density has been discussed, which can be used to study stability of quantum computing in a spin-boson model.

The electron spin decoherence in endohedral fullerene A@C 60 is studied at low temperature using master equation under the Markov approximation. At lower magnetic field the polarization decay occurs with form e-(t/T1)2 consitent with previous reports having decays of the order of ℏ/A, and the relationship [Formula: see text] is satisfied. For the case of A@C 60 (A = N,P ) endohedral fullerenes, the decay times on the order of tens of ns are calculated. For a strong external magnetic field, polarization strongly depends on the external magnetic field, the decay time is suppressed.

We establish several dynamical equations for quantum information density. It is demonstrated that quantum information density shares the same formalism of the Liouville equation, subdynamics kinetic equation and Fokker–Planck equation as the density operator and also possesses the superposition property. These allow one to use quantum information density directly to model quantum information. The kinetic equations for quantum information density reveal that the dynamical process of quantum information may be related to dissipative, Markovian, or diffusional information flows, together causing irreversibility. Finally, we discuss superposition of quantum information density, which allows us to construct a quantum information channel in the coherent state representation using harmonic oscillator based encoded quantum information, and obtain a formula for quantum dynamical mutual information.

Having analyzed the role of time-ordering boundary conditions in deriving irreversible kinetic equation a general irreversible Liouville equation is proposed. By this equation a variety of irreversible kinetic equations, such as a stochastic diffusion equation, a irreversible project Liouville equation can be constructed. We also develop a nonperturbative method to solve the eigenvalue problem for this equation. Application in controlling decoherence for quantum computing is also studied. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The formalism of influence functionals introduced by Feynman and Vernon (Ann. Phys. 281 (2000) 547) for open systems was applied to design a quantum computing system using nanowires or nanotubes. The formalism was extended to include the interaction of an electronic current confined within such nanostructures, under the influence of a Gaussian-type optical field. Based on this model, we illustrate how quantum Not or quantum Control Not logical gates can be implemented in such nanostructures. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A general Green function formulation for nonlinear operators is presented based on the linear properties of slash products and differentiation of the generating functional operators. A perturbative approach with nonlinear response relationship for linear operators was extended to the case of slash products. The application of this approach to decoherence control for quantum computing is discussed.

Using the kinetic equation of subdynamics and the principle of maximal entropy we derive a type of nonlinear Liouville equation (NLE) for project/open quantum systems. The NLE can describe projected (or reduced) density operator, which allows to establish formalism of project Green functions (PGF) for project/open quantum system. We found that PGF can be related to Green function (GF) by the similarity operators in subdynamics. There are parallel structure and relations between PGF and GF. Finally, we demonstrated how to decrease/cancel decoherence using PGF to stabilize quantum logic operations for silicon-based or photonic quantum computing systems. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Traditional approaches to computing based on nanoelectronics will likely need to embrace quantum phenomena over the coming decade with the trend toward decreasing on-chip feature sizes. Concurrently, as resonant tunneling and single-electron-based quantum devices become more prevalent, one can expect quantum computing and quantum information based on appropriate isolated and coupled low-dimensional semiconducting systems to attract more attention. We report on work aimed at understanding the limitations on how to implement practical quantum information systems that counter the natural effects of decoherence and offer suitable approaches to control of such systems. The emphasis in this paper is on open systems. We close the paper with some remarks on possible practical schemes for fabricating such systems and identify some of the challenges that lie ahead in realizing these schemes.

A nonequilibrium ensemble method based on the Bolztmann equation is extended to provide a general formalism starting from a general Lionville equation. A scheme for calculating the nonequilibrium projected density operator for an open quantum system, based on a subdynamic kinetic equation is presented and the relationship between the eigenvalues and nonequilibrium projected density operator or nonequilibrium entropy, is also established. This relationship is used to discuss the stabilization of an N qubit quantum computing system and the medication of decoherence in such a system. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.