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Fuchao Liang,1,2,&ast; Yueqing Tang,1,3,&ast; Kaipeng Bi,1,2 Xuchen Liu,2 Chao Li,4,5 Si Chen,6 Chao Zhang,4,5 Lei Yan,1 Zhonghua Xu,1 Ning Yang4,5,7 1Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Andrology, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 5Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ning YangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 531-82166631Email yangning@sdu.edu.cnZhonghua XuDepartment of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86 531-82166701Email xuzhonghua1963@163.comPurpose: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of urodynamics in female parkinsonian patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and evaluate the outcomes of deep brain stimulation (DBS) based on overactive bladder (OAB) scores and quality of life (QOL) scores.Patients and Methods: Urodynamic assessment was performed in 20 female parkinsonian patients with LUTS. OAB scores and QOL scores were collected before and 6 months after DBS treatment (The target of DBS is STN). We evaluated the related factors affecting QOL score and also the changes in QOL score after DBS treatment.Results: The mean age of 20 patients was 60.6± 6.3 years, with 65% of patients identified with OAB in urodynamic studies. The mean OAB total score and QOL score at baseline were 7.3± 3.7 and 5.0± 1.1, respectively. Four items in the OAB score were found to be independent factors and they influenced the baseline QOL scores. Six months after DBS treatment, the OAB total score and the QOL score were significantly decreased (3.7± 3.2 (p = 0.002) and 3.4± 1.4 (p < 0.001), respectively). Improvements in OAB item 2 (nocturia) and item 3 (urgency) scores were found to be independent factors, which had an influence on the improvement in QOL scores from multivariate analysis. Improvement of OAB item 2 (nocturia) exhibited the greatest influence on improvement in the QOL score. After DBS treatment, 40% of the patients showed significant improvement in urination symptoms (≥ 2 points reduction in QOL score), 30% of the patients showed mild improvement (1 point reduction in QOL score), and 30% patients showed no improvement (no change in QOL score). No patients exhibited worsening urination symptoms.Conclusion: Most parkinsonian female patients with lower urinary tract symptoms were diagnosed with OAB. DBS treatment improved OAB symptoms. Improvement of nocturia and urgency positively impacts the QOL of female parkinsonian patients.Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, urodynamics, OAB score, QOL score

Hong Li, Kehong Bi, Saran Feng, Yan Wang, Chuansheng Zhu Department of Hematology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, ChinaCorrespondence: Kehong BiDepartment of Hematology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province, 250014, ChinaEmail KehongBiRoad@163.comPurpose: CircRNA circ_POLA2 has been reported as an oncogene in lung cancer, while its role in other malignancies is unknown. This study aimed to explore the role of circ_POLA2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods: The expression levels of circ_POLA2, mature miR-34a and miR-34a precursor in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) from AML patients (n = 50) and healthy controls (n = 50) were determined by RT-qPCR. Correlations among them were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Overexpression of circ_POLA2 was achieved in AML cell lines, followed by the measurement of the expression levels of mature miR-34a and miR-34a precursor. The role of circ_POLA2 and miR-34a in regulating AML cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay.Results: Circ_POLA2 was upregulated in AML and inversely correlated with mature miR-34a, but not miR-34a precursor. In AML cells, overexpression of circ_POLA2 decreased the expression levels of mature miR-34a, but not miR-34a precursor. Cell proliferation analysis showed that the overexpression of miR-34a attenuated the effects of overexpression of circ_POLA2 on cell proliferation.Conclusion: Circ_POLA2 is upregulated in AML and promotes cell proliferation by suppressing the production of mature miR-34a.Keywords: circ_POLA2, acute myeloid leukemia, miR-34a, maturation

ObjectivesThe localization of core components of heavy-duty gas turbines holds significant importance for technological innovation, industrial upgrading, and even national security. As a typical hot-end component of heavy-duty gas turbines, the performance of the turbine first-stage rotor blade directly determines the efficiency and reliability of the gas turbine. Therefore, the structure of the first-stage turbine blades of a certain heavy-duty gas turbine was optimized.MethodsBy increasing the number of bamboo nodes in the blade body, the blade cooling hole structure was optimized, and the thermal barrier coating was used to improve the blade coating. The temperature, stress distribution and aerodynamic efficiency of the blades before and after optimization under the service condition of the blade were compared and analyzed by fluid calculation and finite element calculation.ResultsHeat transfer efficiency inside the blade is enhanced by optimization of turbulent structure. Under the condition of the same inlet pressure of the cooling air, the surface temperature of the optimized blade is reduced by more than 50 ℃. Since the shape of the blade is not changed, there is little influence on the aerodynamic efficiency. Compared with the blades without optimization, the maximum equivalent stress and equivalent total strain of the optimized blade during service are significantly reduced.ConclusionsBy optimizing the cooling structure and upgrading the protective coatings, the reliability of the blades in high-temperature can be significantly improved. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the localization of gas turbines.

To meet the design requirements of multi-band and miniaturization antennas in mobile communication system， combined with the structural advantages of metamaterials， a 2D/3D tunable dual-band paper-based metamaterial antenna was designed based on origami technique. In order to illustrate the characteristics of the paper-based antenna， such as easy processing， low cost， and easy carrying， prototype antennas were fabricated by coating conductive silver on different paper-based materials. The simulation and measured results show that the antenna can operate at 2.45 GHz and 1.40 GHz in 2D and 3D states respectively， and the operating frequency band can be controlled by adjusting the folding angle of the inner ring. In addition， the radiation patterns of 2D and 3D antennas were studied respectively. The main radiation direction of the 2D antenna is perpendicular to the plane of the antenna， while the main radiation direction of the 3D antenna is controlled by the folding angle of the inner ring. The paper-based metamaterial antenna provides new ideas for antenna design to achieve switchable operating frequency bands and has a wide application in portable mobile terminal and multi-band communication.

Aerosols influence cloud microphysical properties by acting as cloud condensation nuclei and ice nuclei. Aerosols have the potential to modify the location and intensity of precipitation by changing cloud properties. However, identifying precipitation changes induced by aerosols remains a significant challenge for current research. Dust aerosol carried by dust storms is an important source of ice nuclei. China and Mongolia are the primary desert regions in Asia and the world. The Mongolian cyclone in northern China is one of the significant weather systems that cause sandstorms in both countries. Studying the impact of dust aerosols on clouds under the weather conditions of Mongolian cyclones and sandstorms is of great significance. Due to challenges of aerial observations during dust storms, the impact of dust aerosols on clouds is minimally understood during Mongolian cyclone dust storms. In order to investigate the impact of dust aerosols on clouds, a study is conducted based on the comprehensive observation experiment of clouds in Beijing Area carried out by Beijing Weather Modification Center. An extremely rare case of strong sandstorm weather caused by a Mongolian cyclone and cold front is observed on 24 April 2009. The vertical macro and micro physical structure characteristics of dust cloud and clean cloud are compared and analyzed, and the potential influence of dust aerosols on clouds is discussed. Results show that dust aerosol transferred from China-Mongolia areas is an important source of ice nuclei in North China. It can be transferred vertically to a height of 3200 meters above the cloud top. The concentration of ice nuclei in the dust background area is significantly increased by 10 times compared to that in the clean background area. This increase further affects the microphysical structure of cumulus and stratocumulus clouds with high cloud top temperatures (-6 ℃ to -3 ℃) by altering the process of ice crystal formation. At the same temperature, the average concentration of ice crystals in the dust cloud increases significantly by nearly 10 times compared to that in the clean cloud. The liquid water content is reduced, leading to the formation of a large number of small ice crystal particles in the cloud. It inhibits the rime process and results in a significant reduction in the average concentration of precipitation particles compared to that in the clean cloud. Additionally, the spectral width of cloud droplets, ice and snow crystals, and precipitation particles is significantly narrower than that in the clean cloud. It will eventually weaken the precipitation, which will have a significant impact on the weather and climate in North China. It is helpful to enhance our understanding of the indirect effects of aerosols.

OBJECTIVE: Based on the Huimin policy of Weihai Social Security Bureau, this project aims to investigate feasibility of screening through screening of serum tumor markers (TM) in the middle-aged and elderly population in Weihai area. According to the joint mode of examination institution and clinical department (oncology), we provide dynamic follow-up for subjects for early intervention of abnormal tumor screening and high-risk population, through which we can cut off pathogenic pathway of cancer and improve early diagnosis of cancer and enhance the cure rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We continued to track subjects whose TM was not reduced to normal until it was normal or diagnosed, collecting the blood samples of eligible patients that we removed high-risk factors from the subjects so that TM could be lowered to normal. RESULTS: A total of 83,049 blood samples were detected in our hospital, and 89 patients were diagnosed with newly diagnosed tumor. The positive expression rate of CEA in lung cancer patients was 91.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of tumor relies not only on TM, but also on observation of clinical symptoms, continuous observation of TM dynamic changes and individualized comprehensive analysis. The main purpose of this policy is not only to find patients with “early tumor”, but also to cut off the pathogenic pathway of cancer, achieve purpose of tertiary prevention and significantly save medical costs. The examination mechanism and the clinical-related departments are connected, and the pattern of screening, tracking and analysis of abnormal results in large samples is in line with the present situation of China and is worthy of clinical promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the transformation of medical philosophy, palliative care has become a fundamental component of end-of-life care for patients with life-threatening illnesses, meanwhile ethical issues involved in palliative care are becoming more prominent. This article, through a comprehensive review of both domestic and international ethical research, articulates five crucial ethical issues inherent to palliative care: truth-telling, advance care planning, the use of life-sustaining interventions, palliative sedation, and the relationship between euthanasia, assisted dying, and palliative care. The objective is to offer an ethical perspective for palliative care, help professionals in palliative care to address the critical ethical issues in practice, improve the quality of care for patients and their families, and to inform the development of related legal, regulatory, and policy frameworks.

As a new power electronic equipment, energy routers (ERs) can realize the flexible distribution of electric energy in power systems. It is of great significance to analyze the influence of energy routers on the system and study the power flow calculation methods of AC-DC hybrid distribution networks with ERs as the distribution hub. In this paper, the steady state power flow model of ERs is established based on the improved alternating iteration method, and the droop control strategy is adopted for the DC port of the ERs. Combined with the traditional decoupling method, an AC-DC decoupling iterative power flow calculation method suitable for the power distribution network containing ERs is proposed. An IEEE 14-node and IEEE 69-node system with multiple ERs are used as examples to verify the correctness and convergence of the proposed method. In order to analyze the influence of ERs on the system operation, the simulation calculation of IEEE 69-node test system in different scenarios proves that ERs can support the node voltage in the system and reduce the system operation loss.

From a coordination chemistry perspective, we aimed to advance the knowledge of Sr/Cs separation in the scheme of spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. Based on data mining of crystal structures and deep learning architecture, we summarized and analyzed coordination chemistry properties of Sr/Cs from complex structures(ca. 3.3×104 samples) of 8 alkaline and alkaline earth elements, especially focusing on coordination bond lengths as a representative figure of merit. Applying a Bayesian optimization approach, we were able to establish a high-performing transformer model which could predict the(differential) coordinative affinities toward Sr/Cs of ligand molecules, with exceptional accuracy. As a proof-of-concept, we systematically analyzed ca. 9.1×103 ligand molecules in terms of potential coordinative selectivity toward Sr/Cs and ranked them. In addition, we also determined different contribution of various functional groups for future molecular design of ligands with selectivity. The present study presented fundamental knowledge for coordination chemistry information in the context of radiochemistry and spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, provided guidance and reference for subsequent experiments regarding Sr/Cs separation.

To better understand the influence of aerosols on micro-properties of clouds and to facilitate weather modification experiments including the analysis of various materials' seeding effect on clouds and precipitation, Beijing Weather Modification Center has taken a decisive step forward by constructing an advanced facility known as Beijing aerosol and cloud interaction chamber (BACIC) in suburban Pinggu district. Boasting an impressive volume of 70 m3, BACIC is not only the largest of its kind in operation in China, but also a testament to the scale of the country's commitment to this sphere of atmospheric science. The enormity of the chamber's capacity facilitates the performance of a broad spectrum of investigations, thus enhancing the comprehensiveness and reliability of the results obtained.Inside BACIC, advanced instrumentation allows for the meticulous measurement and control of temperature, relative humidity, and background aerosol concentration. During 2019-2021, the chamber's capabilities extend further, as demonstrated by successful tests of its ability to create liquid and mixed-phase clouds. These attributes, combined with its capacity to control the cloud droplet size distribution as proved by comparative experiments involving changes in expansion rate and aerosol number concentration, solidify BACIC's standing as a prime location for warm cloud experimentation. The chamber has also been utilized to investigate effects of anthropogenic pollution over North China Plain (NCP) on cloud microphysics. Using ambient air and manipulating the expansion rate, a significant correlation is discovered between such pollution and the size distribution of cloud droplets. Interestingly, while an increase in aerosol leads to higher number of cloud droplets, it also causes a decrease in droplet size, typically within the range of 5-8 μm. Furthermore, an increase in aerosol number concentration leads to a decrease in the activation rate of aerosols into cloud droplets. This activation rate is around 10% for aerosol concentrations less than 5000 cm-3, and remains stable even when the aerosol concentration increases to 10000 cm-3.BACIC is also proved useful in conducting warm cloud expansion experiments involving different hygroscopic materials. It shows that the distribution of submicron (less than 1 μm) hygroscopic catalysts in a polluted environment leads to narrowing of the cloud droplet spectrum. It suggests that for the purpose of artificially reducing warm clouds or fog, it is recommended to use larger particle sizes. The results obtained from these diverse series of experiments have significantly contributed to theoretical knowledge and provide practical guidance for the ongoing development of artificial weather modification techniques.