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387 results on '"Bi, Lijun"'

10. Identification and architecture of a putative secretion tube across mycobacterial outer envelope

Author

Cai, Xiaoying, Liu, Lei, Qiu, Chunhong, Wen, Chongzheng, He, Yao, Cui, Yanxiang, Li, Siyu, Zhang, Xuan, Zhang, Longhua, Tian, Changlin, Bi, Lijun, Zhou, Z Hong, and Gong, Weimin

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Tuberculosis, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Orphan Drug, Genetics, Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, Bacterial Proteins, Cell Wall, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Abstract

Tuberculosis-causing mycobacteria have thick cell-wall and capsule layers that are formed from complex structures. Protein secretion across these barriers depends on a specialized protein secretion system, but none has been reported. We show that Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3705c and its homologous MSMEG_6251 in Mycobacterium smegmatis are tube-forming proteins in the mycobacterial envelope (TiME). Crystallographic and cryo-EM structures of these two proteins show that both proteins form rotationally symmetric rings. Two layers of TiME rings pack together in a tail-to-tail manner into a ring-shaped complex, which, in turn, stacks together to form tubes. M. smegmatis TiME was detected mainly in the cell wall and capsule. Knocking out the TiME gene markedly decreased the amount of secreted protein in the M. smegmatis culture medium, and expression of this gene in knocked-out strain partially restored the level of secreted protein. Our structure and functional data thus suggest that TiME forms a protein transport tube across the mycobacterial outer envelope.

Published
2021

14. Images of Teachers in Contemporary Chinese Children's Literature

Author

Bi, Lijun and Fang, Xiangshu

Abstract

This paper examines the changing presentation of teachers in the post-Mao era. The image of teachers was almost sacred in traditional Confucian society until Mao Zedong launched China's Cultural Revolution in 1966, when children were encouraged to use the pretext of class struggle to critique and even to attack their teachers. As such, restoring the high status of teachers in children's literature became the first step in fighting against Maoist radicalism after his death in 1976. Since then, the internal logic of the development of literature has been shaped by the social movement of Openness and Reform and nurtured by a return of realist aesthetics. Meanwhile, Chinese society has also been changing rapidly, and so has the portrayal of teachers in stories for the young, which has become more diversified. Analysis of these changing images offers us an insight into China's education system, as well as the use of Chinese children's literature as a didactic tool for moral education.

Published
2020
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15. Prediction of Susceptibility to First-Line Tuberculosis Drugs by DNA Sequencing

Author

Allix-Béguec, Caroline, Arandjelovic, Irena, Bi, Lijun, Beckert, Patrick, Bonnet, Maryline, Bradley, Phelim, Cabibbe, Andrea M, Cancino-Muñoz, Irving, Caulfield, Mark J, Chaiprasert, Angkana, Cirillo, Daniela, Clifton, David, Comas, Iñaki, Crook, Derrick W, De Filippo, Maria Rosaria, de Neeling, Han, Diel, Roland, Drobniewski, Francis A, Faksri, Kiatichai, Farhat, Maha R, Fleming, Joy, Fowler, Philip, Fowler, Tom A, Gao, Qian, Gardy, Jennifer, Gascoyne-Binzi, Deborah, Cruz, Ana Gibertoni, Gil-Brusola, Ana, Golubchik, Tanya, Gonzalo, Ximena, Grandjean, Louis, He, Guangxue, Guthrie, Jennifer L, Hoosdally, Sarah, Hunt, Martin, Iqbal, Zamin, Ismail, Nazir, Johnston, James, Khanzada, Faisal Masood, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Kohl, Thomas A, Kong, Clare, Lipworth, Sam, Liu, Qingyun, Maphalala, Gugu, Martinez, Elena, Mathys, Vanessa, Merker, Matthias, Miotto, Paolo, Mistry, Nerges, Moore, David, Murray, Megan, Niemann, Stefan, Ong, Rick Twee-Hee, Peto, Tim EA, Posey, James E, Prammananan, Therdsak, Pym, Alexander, Rodrigues, Camilla, Rodrigues, Mabel, Rodwell, Timothy, Rossolini, Gian Maria, Padilla, Elisabeth Sánchez, Schito, Marco, Shen, Xin, Shendure, Jay, Sintchenko, Vitali, Sloutsky, Alex, Smith, E Grace, Snyder, Matthew, Soetaert, Karine, Starks, Angela M, Supply, Philip, Suriyapol, Prapat, Tahseen, Sabira, Tang, Patrick, Teo, Yik-Ying, Thuong, Thuong Nguyen Thuy, Thwaites, Guy, Tortoli, Enrico, Omar, Shaheed Vally, van Soolingen, Dick, Walker, A Sarah, Walker, Timothy M, Wilcox, Mark, Wilson, Daniel J, Wyllie, David, Yang, Yang, Zhang, Hongtai, Zhao, Yanlin, and Zhu, Baoli

Subjects
Genetics, Human Genome, Tuberculosis, Clinical Research, Patient Safety, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Antitubercular Agents, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Ethambutol, Genome, Bacterial, Genotype, Humans, Isoniazid, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mutation, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phenotype, Pyrazinamide, Rifampin, Whole Genome Sequencing, CRyPTIC Consortium and the 100, 000 Genomes Project, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundThe World Health Organization recommends drug-susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex for all patients with tuberculosis to guide treatment decisions and improve outcomes. Whether DNA sequencing can be used to accurately predict profiles of susceptibility to first-line antituberculosis drugs has not been clear.MethodsWe obtained whole-genome sequences and associated phenotypes of resistance or susceptibility to the first-line antituberculosis drugs isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide for isolates from 16 countries across six continents. For each isolate, mutations associated with drug resistance and drug susceptibility were identified across nine genes, and individual phenotypes were predicted unless mutations of unknown association were also present. To identify how whole-genome sequencing might direct first-line drug therapy, complete susceptibility profiles were predicted. These profiles were predicted to be susceptible to all four drugs (i.e., pansusceptible) if they were predicted to be susceptible to isoniazid and to the other drugs or if they contained mutations of unknown association in genes that affect susceptibility to the other drugs. We simulated the way in which the negative predictive value changed with the prevalence of drug resistance.ResultsA total of 10,209 isolates were analyzed. The largest proportion of phenotypes was predicted for rifampin (9660 [95.4%] of 10,130) and the smallest was predicted for ethambutol (8794 [89.8%] of 9794). Resistance to isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide was correctly predicted with 97.1%, 97.5%, 94.6%, and 91.3% sensitivity, respectively, and susceptibility to these drugs was correctly predicted with 99.0%, 98.8%, 93.6%, and 96.8% specificity. Of the 7516 isolates with complete phenotypic drug-susceptibility profiles, 5865 (78.0%) had complete genotypic predictions, among which 5250 profiles (89.5%) were correctly predicted. Among the 4037 phenotypic profiles that were predicted to be pansusceptible, 3952 (97.9%) were correctly predicted.ConclusionsGenotypic predictions of the susceptibility of M. tuberculosis to first-line drugs were found to be correlated with phenotypic susceptibility to these drugs. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and others.).

Published
2018

38. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Proteome Microarray for Global Studies of Protein Function and Immunogenicity

Author

Deng, Jiaoyu, Bi, Lijun, Zhou, Lin, Guo, Shu-juan, Fleming, Joy, Jiang, He-wei, Zhou, Ying, Gu, Jia, Zhong, Qiu, Wang, Zong-xiu, Liu, Zhonghui, Deng, Rui-ping, Gao, Jing, Chen, Tao, Li, Wenjuan, Wang, Jing-fang, Wang, Xude, Li, Haicheng, Ge, Feng, Zhu, Guofeng, Zhang, Hai-nan, Gu, Jing, Wu, Fan-lin, Zhang, Zhiping, Wang, Dianbing, Hang, Haiying, Li, Yang, Cheng, Li, He, Xiang, Tao, Sheng-ce, and Zhang, Xian-En

Published
2014
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49. Capitalist Bears and Socialist Modernisation: Chinese Children's Literature in the Post-Mao Period.

Author

Bi, Lijun

Abstract

Discusses what Chinese children have read in the last quarter of the 20th century. Notes that much of Chinese children's literature contains strong political, moral, and ideological messages. Examines the official guidelines for children's literature in the post-Mao era. Concludes that in the post-Mao period, the state has become more flexible, cautious, and subtle about using children's literature for its political purposes. (PM)

Published
2003

50. Shining red star : the political and moral evolution of Chinese children's literature

Author

Bi, Lijun.

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Uncategorized
Abstract

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.

Published
2022
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