134 results on '"Bhupinder Kumar"'
Search Results
2. Imidazoles as Serotonin Receptor Modulators for Treatment of Depression: Structural Insights and Structure–Activity Relationship Studies
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Kapil Kumar Goel, Somesh Thapliyal, Rajeev Kharb, Gaurav Joshi, Arvind Negi, and Bhupinder Kumar
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imidazole ,drug discovery ,antidepressants ,serotonin reuptake inhibitors ,5-HT6 ,structure–activity relationship ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Serotoninergic signaling is identified as a crucial player in psychiatric disorders (notably depression), presenting it as a significant therapeutic target for treating such conditions. Inhibitors of serotoninergic signaling (especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI)) are prominently selected as first-line therapy for the treatment of depression, which benefits via increasing low serotonin levels and norepinephrine by blocking serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake and thereby increasing activity. While developing newer heterocyclic scaffolds to target/modulate the serotonergic systems, imidazole-bearing pharmacophores have emerged. The imidazole-derived pharmacophore already demonstrated unique structural characteristics and an electron-rich environment, ultimately resulting in a diverse range of bioactivities. Therefore, the current manuscript discloses such a specific modification and structural activity relationship (SAR) of attempted derivatization in terms of the serotonergic efficacy of the resultant inhibitor. We also featured a landscape of imidazole-based development, focusing on SAR studies against the serotoninergic system to target depression. This study covers the recent advancements in synthetic methodologies for imidazole derivatives and the development of new molecules having antidepressant activity via modulating serotonergic systems, along with their SAR studies. The focus of the study is to provide structural insights into imidazole-based derivatives as serotonergic system modulators for the treatment of depression.
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- 2023
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3. Changing spectrum of infective endocarditis in India: An 11-year experience from an academic hospital in North India
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Navneet Arora, Prashant Kumar Panda, Pruthvi CR, Lipi Uppal, Atul Saroch, Archana Angrup, Navneet Sharma, Yash Paul Sharma, Rajesh Vijayvergiya, Manoj Kumar Rohit, Ankur Gupta, Bhupinder Kumar Sihag, Himanshu Gupta, Neelam Dahiya, Ajay Bahl, Parminder Singh, Saurabh Mehrotra, Parag Barwad, and Ashok Kumar Pannu
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Endocarditis ,Epidemiology ,Injection drug use ,Rheumatic heart disease ,Staphylococcus ,Echocardiography ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Objective: Several studies have demonstrated a shift in the spectrum of infective endocarditis (IE) in the developed world. We aimed to investigate whether demographic and microbiologic characteristics of IE have changed in India. Design: A retrospective analysis of patients with in north India between 2010 and 2020. Methods: The clinical and laboratory profiles of 199 IE admitted to an academic hospital patients who met the modified Duke criteria for definite IE were analysed. Results: The mean age was 34 years, and 84% were males. The main predisposing conditions were injection drug use (IDU) (n = 71, 35.7%), congenital heart disease (n = 46, 21.6%), rheumatic heart disease (n = 25, 12.5%), and prosthetic device (n = 19, 9.5%). 17.1% of patients developed IE without identified predispositions. Among 64.3% culture-positive cases, the most prevalent causative pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (46.1%), viridans streptococci (7.0%), enterococci (6.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (5.5%), gram negative bacilli (5.5%), polymicrobial (5.5%), and Candida (1.0%). The tricuspid (30.3%), mitral (25.6%), and aortic (21.6%) valves were the most common sites of infection, and 60.3% had large vegetations (>10 mm). Systemic embolization occurred in 55.3% of patients at presentation. Cardiac surgery was required for 13.1%. In-hospital mortality was 17.1% and was associated with prosthetic devices (p-value, 0.001), baseline leucocytosis (p-value, 0.036) or acute kidney injury (p-value, 0.001), and a microbial etiology of gram negative bacilli or enterococci (p-value, 0.005). Conclusion: IDU is now the most important predisposition for IE in India, and S. aureus has become the leading cause of native valve endocarditis with or without IDU.
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- 2021
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4. A Compiled Update on Nutrition, Phytochemicals, Processing Effects, Analytical Testing and Health Effects of Chenopodium album: A Non-Conventional Edible Plant (NCEP)
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Sukhwinder Singh, Amandeep Singh, Supandeep Singh Hallan, Agnese Brangule, Bhupinder Kumar, and Rohit Bhatia
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Chenopodium album ,food applications ,impact of the processing ,ethnobotanical use ,non-conventional edible plants ,ascaridole ,Organic chemistry ,QD241-441 - Abstract
Bathua (Chenopodium album) is a rich source of extensive-ranging nutrients, including bio-active carbohydrates, flavonoids and phenolics, minerals, and vitamins that translate to countless health benefits such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity. Ascaridole, an important phytoconstituent present in aerial parts of the plant, contributes to its anthelmintic property. Even with vast historical use and significant health benefits, its renown has not spread, and utilization has significantly decreased in recent decades. Gradually, the plant has become known under the name of Non-conventional edible plant (NCEP). This compilation is prepared to bring out the plant under the spotlight for further research by foregrounding previous studies on the plant. Scientific research databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online, were used to fetch data on C. album. This review offers over up-to-date knowledge on nutritious values, phytochemical composition, volatile compounds, as well as health benefits of C. album. The ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal uses of the plant in India and other parts of the world are deliberately discussed. Scrutinizing the reported literature on C. album reveals its powerful nutrient composition advantageous in the development of food products. The impact of various cooking and processing methods on the nutritional profile and bioavailability are discussed. The future perspectives with regards to the potential for food and nutraceutical products are critically addressed. This review proves the necessity of breakthrough research to investigate the pharmacology and safety of phytochemicals and nutraceutical development studies on the C. album.
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- 2023
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5. Real world perspective of coronary chronic total occlusion in third world countries: A tertiary care centre study from northern India
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Krishna Santosh Vemuri, Bhupinder Kumar Sihag, Yashpaul Sharma, Krishna prasad Nevali, Rajesh Vijayvergiya, Rohit Manoj Kumar, Ajay Bahl, Parminder Singh, Saurabh Mehrotra, Suraj Khanal, Neelam Dahiya, Ankur Gupta, Himanshu Gupta, Sanjeev Naganur, kumar Basant, Prashant Panda, Ankush Gupta, and Parag Barwad
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) ,Chronic total occlusion (CTO) ,J CTO Score ,Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, angiographic profile and predictors of outcome for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) of coronary chronic total occlusions (CTO) in a tertiary referral centre of north India. Background: There is no data on the prevalence and very few reports on clinical characteristics, angiographic profile and outcome of PCI in CTO from India. Methods: Retrospective analysis was done for the data of 12,020 patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) between January 2018 to January 2019 at our centre. Detailed baseline clinical, angiographic and revascularization data was collected. Outcome of CTO PCI was also noted. All baseline parameters were analysed for predicting the outcome of CTO PCI. Results: CTO was identified in 16.3% (1968) patients undergoing CAG and in 24.4% of patients with hemodynamically significant CAD. CTO was predominantly found in LAD (48%) followed by RCA (42.9%) and LCx (25.3%) arterial distribution. Mean JCTO score was 1.93 ± 0.7. PCI as a management strategy was adopted in 456 of 1968 patients (23.1%) and was successful in 340 of 456 (74.6%) of patients. Almost all CTO PCI were attempted by an antegrade approach only. Increasing age, male sex, CTO in LCx arterial distribution and higher J CTO score were associated with poorer outcome in CTO PCI. Conclusions: CTO’s are commonly encountered during CAG procedures. In patients undergoing CTO PCI, a fair success rate can be achieved in a high volume experienced centre.
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- 2021
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6. Etiology of ascites in adults living in the Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India: A hospital-based study
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Bhupinder Kumar, Brij Sharma, Sujeet Raina, Neetu Sharma, Dalip Gupta, and Kavita Mardi
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Ascites ,etiology ,Himachal Pradesh ,Western Himalayas ,Medicine ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
Aim: Ascites is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis. In addition, ascites can develop because of peritoneal tuberculosis, malignancy, cardiac, and renal disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate epidemiological data on the etiological profile of ascites in adults in a tertiary care hospital in the Northern hilly state of the Western Himalayas. Materials and Methods: A 1-year hospital-based cross section observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Gastroenterology in a tertiary care center of Himachal Pradesh, located in the Northern India. In all 168 patients who were diagnosed as ascites on the basis of history, physical examination, ultrasonography, and of age >18 years were included in the study. Detail history examination and investigation were carried in each case as per protocol. Results: Cirrhosis of liver was the leading cause of ascites in our study (60.7%), tuberculosis was the second most common cause of ascites (13%), malignancy and cardiac disorders were the third (7.7%) most common causes for ascites. Alcohol was the leading cause of cirrhosis in 75 patients (73.5%). Conclusion: The study identified cirrhosis of liver as the leading cause of ascites and alcoholism as the most common cause of cirrhosis. The measures on taking care of preventable risk factors are desired.
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- 2016
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7. Nosocomial urinary tract aspergilloma in an immunocompetent host: An unusual occurrence
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Archana Singal, Chander Grover, Deepika Pandhi, Shukla Das, and Bhupinder Kumar Jain
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Aspergillosis ,immuncompetent ,nosocomial ,urinary tract ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Fungal infections of the urinary tract are usually encountered following prolonged antibiotic use, instrumentation and indwelling urinary catheters. Candida is the most frequent causative fungus. However, infections with Aspergillus flavus have been reported previously in immune-compromised hosts. We, hereby, report a 32-year-old immunocompetent man diagnosed to have urinary tract infection caused by Aspergillus flavus following instrumentation for the removal of a ureteric stone. The infection was symptomatic, associated with abdominal pain and subsequent passage of fungal masses per urethra. Patient was treated successfully with a prolonged course of broad spectrum antifungal agent itraconazole.
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- 2013
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8. INCIDENTAL HISTOPATHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF TONSILLAR ACTINOMYCOSIS: 1 YEAR STUDY.
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Kaur, Kanwardeep, Kaur, Mohanvir, Garima, Sharma, Bhupinder Kumar, Kaur, Kushaldeep, and Harleen
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ACTINOMYCOSIS ,MEDICAL personnel ,METHENAMINE ,TONSILLECTOMY ,TONSILLITIS ,PARAFFIN wax - Abstract
Actinomycosis in the tonsils is rare, despite the fact that the bacteria causing it are normally present in the mouth and throat and can colonize the tonsillar crypts, potentially leading to infection even in healthy individuals. Diagnosis is often incidental in tonsillectomy specimens sent to the pathology department for varied diseases. This study over the course of one year examined tonsillectomy samples and tonsillar biopsies that were initially diagnosed with chronic tonsillitis. The specimens were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained using various methods: haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) for general tissue structure, Gomori’s Methenamine Silver (GMS) to highlight fungal and certain bacterial elements, and Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) to identify polysaccharides and specific bacteria. The study aimed to detect actinomycosis in tonsillectomy specimens and tonsillar biopsies, as this infection is often found by chance. Using various staining techniques enhances the chances of identifying actinomycosis, which might be missed with routine methods. Accurate diagnosis and treatment depend on recognizing this infection, highlighting the importance of detailed histopathological examination. Out of 23 tonsillectomy specimens and tonsillar biopsies, four cases of tonsillar actinomycosis were identified. Histological examination revealed distinctive eosinophilic granules with peripheral radial projections, accompanied by microabscesses. Although tonsillar actinomycosis is commonly diagnosed incidentally, clinicians should maintain a high level of suspicion in cases of recurrent tonsillitis or unexplained tonsillar hypertrophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
9. An Update on Recently Developed Analytical and Bio-analytical Methods for Some Anticancer Drugs
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Md Jawaid Akhtar, Bhupinder Kumar, Joyson Paul, Karanvir Singh, Sumit Pannu, Rohit Pal, and Shah Alam Khan
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Biophysics ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Molecular Medicine ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Abstracts: According to the WHO’s data for 2018, the global cancer burden was estimated to have risen to 18.1 million new cases and which alone accounted for 9.6 million deaths. Cancer is a group of diseases known as tumors that often spreads throughout the body, and may cause harm to multiple organs in the body. The global pharmaceutical spending is around 19% of the R&D cost annually to discover new and potent therapeutic agents. The major problems associated with currently available anticancer drugs are drug resistance and their side effects. They are the most widely explored groups of drugs either using instrumental or bioanalytical methods. In this review, we have compiled and reviewed the analytical and bio-analytical methods of some anticancer drugs developed by different authors. The review also briefly discusses the broad categories of cytotoxic drugs and targeted-based anticancer drugs. The analytical and bioanalytical methods of cytotoxic drugs such as alkylating agents, antimetabolites, hormones, and targetedbased drugs reported earlier and in recent research, articles are discussed in detail. These analytical methods are prerequisites for both the pharmaceutical industry and academics for their impurities profiling and qualitative as well as quantitative estimation. The accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ studies by UV-HPLC, LC-MS, and fluorometry HPLC are discussed. Some of the advanced methods developed, in the case of ifosfamide using Au/Pd@rGO@p(L-Cys) and the production of vincristine by endophytic fungi, are also included. This will further embolden the efforts of different researchers working in this field and ease the challenges they face through the analytical development of these drugs.
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- 2023
10. Various Analytical Methods for Estimation of Potassium Sorbate in Food Products: A Review
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Bhupinder Kumar, Sushant Salwan, and Indu Passi
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Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Food preservatives are used to keep bacteria, moulds, fungus, and yeast from spoiling food. Food additives are subject to strict rules (particularly in the European Union - EU), which consider the food to which they can be applied, maximum permissible quantities, chemical characterization, and purity. Sorbic acid, mainly potassium sorbate, is primarily utilised in a variety of commercially available foods. Various analytical strategies for an asynchronous and simultaneous estimation of potassium sorbate have been reported along with other preservatives in marketed formulations or food products. The Square-wave voltammetry using a cathodically prepared boron-doped diamond electrode, quick UHPLCfluorescent method, UV spectrophotometry, UHPLC-UV analysis, RP-HPLC, and mass spectrometry are some of the analytical techniques used. We have compiled various analytical methods to detect potassium sorbate with various other preservatives simultaneously or alone in marketed formulation. The authors feel that the studies summarised in this report will allow readers to choose the most acceptable and appropriate method for analysing this preservative.
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- 2022
11. Role of Vitamins in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review
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Ravi Ranjan Kumar, Shamsher Singh, Bhupinder Kumar, Amandeep Thakur, and Lovekesh Singh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,Synucleins ,Excitotoxicity ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Alzheimer Disease ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Humans ,Vitamin A ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Neurodegeneration ,Avitaminosis ,Neurodegenerative Diseases ,Parkinson Disease ,Vitamins ,Micronutrient ,medicine.disease ,Huntington Disease ,Endocrinology ,Synuclein ,business ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Background: Vitamins are the micronutrients required for boosting the immune system and managing any future infection. Vitamins are involved in neurogenesis, a defense mechanism working in neurons, metabolic reactions, neuronal survival, and neuronal transmission. Their deficiency leads to abnormal functions in the brain like oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, accumulation of proteins (synuclein, Aβ plaques), neurodegeneration, and excitotoxicity. Methods: In this review, we have compiled various reports collected from PubMed, Scholar Google, Research gate, and Science direct. The findings were evaluated, compiled, and represented in this manuscript. Conclusion: The deficiency of vitamins in the body causes various neurological disorders like Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, and depression. We have discussed the role of vitamins in neurological disorders and the normal human body. Depression is linked to a deficiency of vitamin-C and vitamin B. In the case of Alzheimer’s disease, there is a lack of vitamin- B1, B12, and vitamin-A, which results in Aβ-plaques. Similarly, in Parkinson’s disease, vitamin- D deficiency leads to a decrease in the level of dopamine, and imbalance in vitamin D leads to accumulation of synuclein. In MS, vitamin-C and vitamin-D deficiency causes demyelination of neurons. In Huntington's disease, vitamin- C deficiency decreases the antioxidant level, enhances oxidative stress, and disrupts the glucose cycle. vitamin B5 deficiency in Huntington's disease disrupts the synthesis of acetylcholine and hormones in the brain.
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- 2022
12. Impact of Microfluidic Chip Electrophoresis in Modern Analysis: An Update on Recent Trends
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Bhupinder Kumar, Sumit Pasricha, Rohit Bhatia, and Preeti Patel
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Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Abstract: The recent development of microfluidics and lab-on-a-chip technology has substantially raised interest in analytical chemistry. Since, they have demonstrated to be extraordinarily adept at precise fluid control, cell manipulation, and signal output, microfluidic chips are a useful tool for quick and in-depth single-cell investigation. This technique is cost-effective, less time-consuming, automatic, high mobility, and fast separation technique. Due to the internal chip sizes, which range from micrometers to millimeters, consumption of the samples and reagents occurs at the nanoliter and picoliter levels. The microfluidic device can fit a variety of functions onto a few centimeter-long chips. In this article, we discussed numerous preparations of microfluidic chip electrophoresis and its recent advancements. This method is useful for the detection of various small amounts of content with less time and greater efficacy. It is also useful in cancer studies, 3D inkjet printing, immunoassay investigation in cell-cell interactions, analysis of nanoparticles, dielectrophoretic particle separation, plant alkaloids, and forensic science applications. This review, therefore, examines the use of various microfluidic chips in electrophoretic separation during 2017–2022. There are various papers found by search, indicating continuous activity in the research area along with studies to explain its material, method, and its efficacy.
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- 2023
13. Nano Spray Dryer as an Advancement in Preparation of Nanoformulations: An Editorial
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Bhupinder Kumar, Sushant Salwan, and Indu Passi
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Analytical Chemistry - Published
- 2022
14. Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of N-Propargylated Diphenylpyrimidines as Multitarget Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
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Bhupinder Kumar, Ashish Ranjan Dwivedi, Tania Arora, Khadga Raj, Vikash Prashar, Vijay Kumar, Shamsher Singh, Jyoti Prakash, and Vinod Kumar
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Physiology ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2022
15. Design Strategies, Chemistry and Therapeutic Insights of Multi-target Directed Ligands as Antidepressant Agents
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Gurpreet Singh, Vikramdeep Monga, Rohit Bhatia, Karanvir Singh, and Bhupinder Kumar
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Pharmacology ,General Medicine ,Ligands ,Bioinformatics ,Antidepressive Agents ,World health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Multi target ,Neurology ,Humans ,Antidepressant ,Structure–activity relationship ,Potency ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,Clinical efficacy ,Pharmacophore ,Binding affinities - Abstract
Depression is one of the major disorders of the central nervous system worldwide and causes disability and functional impairment. According to the World Health Organization, around 265 million people worldwide are affected by depression. Currently marketed antidepressant drugs take weeks or even months to show anticipated clinical efficacy but remain ineffective in treating suicidal thoughts and cognitive impairment. Due to the multifactorial complexity of the disease, single-target drugs do not always produce satisfactory results and lack the desired level of therapeutic efficacy. Recent literature reports have revealed improved therapeutic potential of multi-target directed ligands due to their synergistic potency and better safety. Medicinal chemists have gone to great extents to design multitarget ligands by generating structural hybrids of different key pharmacophores with improved binding affinities and potency towards different receptors or enzymes. This article has compiled the design strategies of recently published multi-target directed ligands as antidepressant agents. Their biological evaluation, structural-activity relationships, mechanistic and in silico studies have also been described. This article will prove to be highly useful for the researchers to design and develop multi-target ligands as antidepressants with high potency and therapeutic efficacy.
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- 2022
16. A Review on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Symptoms, Therapies and Recent Case Studies
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Diksha Choudhary, Amit Chaudhary, Amandeep Thakur, and Bhupinder Kumar
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Divalproex ,Fluoxetine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Learned helplessness ,Fluvoxamine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Mood ,Risk Factors ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Humans ,Quetiapine ,Aripiprazole ,business ,Psychiatry ,medicine.drug ,Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), previously known as battle fatigue syndrome or shell shock, is a severe mental disturbance condition that is normally triggered by the experience of some frightening/scary events or trauma where a person undergoes some serious physical or mental harm or threatened. PTSD is a long-life effect of the continuous occurrence of traumatic conditions, leading to the production of feelings of helplessness, intense fear, and horror in the person. There are various examples of events that can cause PTSD, such as physical, mental, or sexual assault at home or working place by others, unexpected death of a loved one, an accidental event, war, or some kind of natural disaster. Treatment of PTSD includes the removal or reduction of these emotional feelings or symptoms with the aim to improve the daily life functioning of a person. Problems which are needed to be considered in case of PTSD like ongoing trauma, abusive or bad relationships. Various drugs which are used for the treatment of PTSD include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (citalopram, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, etc.); tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline and isocarboxazid); mood stabilizers (Divalproex and lamotrigine); atypical antipsychotics (aripiprazole and quetiapine), etc. In this review, we have covered the different risk factors, case studies related to various treatment options with different age group of peoples with PTSD and their effects on them. We have also covered the symptoms and associated disorders which can play a key role in the development of PTSD.
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- 2022
17. Recent updates on structural insights of MAO-B inhibitors: a review on target-based approach
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Gurkaran Singh Baweja, Shankar Gupta, Bhupinder Kumar, Preeti Patel, and Vivek Asati
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,General Medicine ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Molecular Biology ,Catalysis ,Information Systems - Published
- 2023
18. Impact of Thread-Based Microfluidic Devices in Modern Analysis: An Update on Recent Trends and Applications
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Bhupinder Kumar, Sanskar Ahlawat, and Rohit Bhatia
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Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Background: Inexpensive and disposable microfluidic sensing equipment is in strong demand which can detect biomarkers of diseases found in urine or blood. From recent studies, it has been found that multifilament threads can be used for producing low-cost microfluidic devices hence these multifilament threads act as an inexpensive alternative. Thread has various advantages to make it appropriate to be used in microfluidics-based technologies which include its low price, lightweight, easy availability, and hydrophilic nature. The use of any external pumping system is avoided by the presence of capillary channels in threads which allows the easy flow of fluid. Since thread offers more choices of materials over paper and also paper-based microfluidics preparation is expensive therefore thread-based microfluidic sensor has been considered more advantageous over paper-based microfluidic sensors. Methods: Various research reports were collected from search engines like ScienceDirect, Pub-med, ResearchGate, and Google Scholar. Further important outcomes from these reports along with basic experimental setup details have been compiled under different sections of this manuscript. Conclusion: Non-invasive or blood-free diagnosis can reduce the pain and several risk factors compared with the traditional invasive diagnosis so it is gaining more attention regarding health status monitoring. The various applications regarding thread-based devices include the detection of glucose and its determination, diagnosis of diabetes and kidney failure simultaneously, food dyes separation, sweat pH and lactate determination, selective potassium analysis, multiple antibodies detections, an assay of microbes, for acid-base titrations, as ELISA’s platform, diagnosis of infectious diseases, ion sensing, identification of blood types and detection of bio-samples, etc.
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- 2023
19. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of aryl oxadiazole linked 1,2,4-triazine derivatives as anticonvulsant agents
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Gourav Grover, Rohit Pal, Rohit Bhatia, M. Shahar Yar, Rajarshi Nath, Shamsher Singh, Khadga Raj, Bhupinder Kumar, and Md Jawaid Akhtar
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Organic Chemistry ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Published
- 2022
20. Analytical Methodologies for Determination of Hydroxychloroquine and its Metabolites in Pharmaceutical, Biological and Environmental Samples
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Sumit Pannu, Md. Jawaid Akhtar, and Bhupinder Kumar
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Chromatography ,Chemistry ,Biophysics ,medicine ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Molecular Medicine ,Hydroxychloroquine ,Biochemistry ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background:Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was originally launched as an antimalarial drug, but now it is also used as a slow-acting anti-rheumatic drug. It contains equal proportions of (-)-(R)-hydroxychloroquine and (+)-(S)-hydroxychloroquine.Introduction:Hydroxychloroquine, a synthetic 4-aminoquinoline derivative, possesses antimalarial, anti-rheumatic activity and also exerts beneficial effects on lupus erythematous disease. Substantial levels of three metabolites of HCQ, which are desethylchloroquine (DCQ), bisdesethylhydroxychloroquine (BDCQ), and desethylhydroxychloroquine (DHCQ), have been determined by various analytical techniques from blood and plasma.Methods:Various analytical techniques have been reported for asynchronous and simultaneous estimation of HCQ and their metabolites in pharmaceuticals and biological samples like (serum, whole blood, and urine). The analytical techniques are Square-wave voltammetry employed with the cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode, fast UHPLC–fluorescent method, UV spectrophotometry, UHPLC-UV analysis, RP-HPLC, mass spectrometry, NMR, and CE.Results:We have complied various analytical methods to detect HCQ with its various metabolites simultaneously or alone in pharmaceutical dosage forms, biological and environmental samples.Conclusion:The authors believe that the above-mentioned studies compiled in this report will give a choice to readers to select the most appropriate and suitable method for the analysis of HCQ. Further, it is also believed that this study will help the researchers to develop a more sensitive, convenient, and rapid method for these based on literature reports.
- Published
- 2022
21. Multi-Target-Directed Ligands as an Effective Strategy for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
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Amandeep Thakur, Bhupinder Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Ashish Ranjan Dwivedi, and Rakesh Kumar
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Drug ,Monoamine oxidase ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Tau protein ,Disease ,Ligands ,Biochemistry ,Therapeutic approach ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Alzheimer Disease ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Medicine ,media_common ,Pharmacology ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,biology ,business.industry ,Organic Chemistry ,Memantine ,Acetylcholinesterase ,Review article ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Cholinesterase Inhibitors ,business ,Neuroscience ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurological disorder and multiple pathological factors are believed to be involved in the genesis and progression of the dis-ease. A number of hypothesis including Acetylcholinesterase, Monoamine oxidase, β-Amyloid, Tau protein etc. have been proposed for the initiation and progression of the disease. At present, acetylcholine esterase inhibitors and memantine (NMDAR antago-nist) are the only approved therapy for the symptomatic management of AD. Most of these single-target drugs have miserably failed in the treatment or halting the progression of the disease. Multi-factorial diseases like AD require complex treatment strategies that involve simultaneous modulation of a network of interacting targets. Since last few years, Multi-Target-Directed Ligands (MTDLs) strategy, drugs that can simultaneously hit mul-tiple targets, is being explored as an effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of AD. In the current review article, the authors have briefly described various pathogenic pathways associated with the AD. Importance of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands and their design strategies in recently reported articles have been discussed in detail. Potent leads identified through various structure-activity relationship studies and their drug like char-acteristics are described. Recently developed promising compounds have been summa-rized in the article. Some of these MTDLs with balanced activity profile against different targets have the potential to be developed as drug candidates for the treatment of AD.
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- 2022
22. Nutritional supremacy of pearl- and foxtail millets: assessing the nutrient density, protein stability and shelf-life of flours in millets and cereals for developing nutri-stable foods
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Ranjeet R. Kumar, Neha Singh, Sapna Singh, T. Vinutha, Veda Krishnan, Suneha Goswami, Bhupinder Kumar, Shankar L. Jat, L. N. Yogeesh, Sumer P. Singh, Gyan P. Mishra, C. Tara Satyavathi, Archana Sachdev, and Shelly Praveen
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Plant Science ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
23. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Dihydropyrimidinone Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents and Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors
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Ramkaran Rawal, Praveen K. Gupta, Bhupinder Kumar, and Rohit Bhatia
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Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine - Published
- 2023
24. Contributors
- Author
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Ashish Kumar Agrawal, Thomson Santosh Alex, null Alka, Souravh Bais, Bigul Yogeshver Bhardwaj, Deepali Bhogale, Rohit Bhosale, Gaurav Chaudhary, Aiswarya Chaudhuri, Ankita Dadwal, Rajiv Dahiya, Sunita Dahiya, Ashish Garg, Laxmikant Gautam, Rohan Ghadi, A.K. Goyal, Ghanshyam Das Gupta, Madhu Gupta, Prem N. Gupta, Swati Gupta, Umesh Gupta, Ayushi Jain, Gaurav Kumar Jain, Sanyog Jain, Heena Kazi, Rameshroo Kenwat, Roop K. Khar, Kaushik Kuche, Bhupinder Kumar, Vinay Kumar, Amrita Kumari, Damanpreet K. Lang, Viney Lather, Sharad Mangal, Priyanka Maurya, Farhan Mazahir, Neeraj Mishra, Nidhi Mishra, R.K. Narang, Raquibun Nisha, Kumar Nishchay, Riyaz Ali Osmani, Ravi Raj Pal, Amit Kumar Palai, Rishi Paliwal, Shivani Rai Paliwal, Pritish Kumar Panda, Pawan Kumar Pandey, Deepti Pandita, Aravind Sai Patha, Tanvi Patil, Vandana Patravale, Neelam Poonia, Shiv Kumar Prajapati, Vineet Kumar Rai, Neha Raina, M. Ramchandani, Radha Rani, G. Rath, Rakesh Kumar Sahoo, Kamalpreet Kaur Sandha, Shubhini A. Saraf, M. Senthil Kumar, Priya Shrivastava, Ekta Singh, Himani Singh, Neelu Singh, Priya Singh, Samipta Singh, Vijay Singh, Sofiya Tarannum, Rudra Vaghela, null Vakar, Amit Verma, L.V. Vigneshwaran, Nikhar Vishwakarma, Suresh P. Vyas, and Awesh K. Yadav
- Published
- 2023
25. Advanced therapeutics for targeting inflammatory arthritis
- Author
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Vikram Jeet Singh, Pooja A. Chawla, Bhupinder Kumar, and Parteek Prasher
- Published
- 2023
26. Phytochemicals and therapeutic potential of Punica granatum L
- Author
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Bhupinder Kumar, Shah Alam Khan, and Md Jawaid Akhtar
- Published
- 2023
27. Polymer-drug conjugates: Origins, progress to date, and future directions
- Author
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Ankita Dadwal, Ashish Garg, Bhupinder Kumar, R.K. Narang, and Neeraj Mishra
- Published
- 2023
28. Contributors
- Author
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Olufunmilola A. Abiodun, Beatrice I.O. Ade-Omowaye, Sajad Ahmad Wani, Reem S. Alruhaimi, Augustine Amalraj, Prajya Arya, M. Aswini, Parveen Bansal, Renu Bansal, Pamita Bhandari, Dinesh Chaudhary, Victor Antonio Costa Lima, Adegbola O. Dauda, Leonardo de Liori Teixeira, Suman Giri, Terri Grassby, Vikas Gupta, Emad H.M. Hassanein, Md Jawaid Akhtar, J.A.A.S. Jayaweera, George Joseph, Shintu Jude, Arya Kadukkattil Ramanunny, Gunpreet Kaur, Shah Alam Khan, Bhupinder Kumar, Pradyuman Kumar, Neha Kumari, Sachin Kumar Singh, Sasikumar Kuttappan, Gopal Lamichhane, Janeline Lunghar, Ayman M. Mahmoud, Mukesh Maithani, Sreejith Mohanan, Akhila Nair, Jithu Nambukulangara Vijayan, Samson A. Oyeyinka, Adewumi T. Oyeyinka, Febin Pappachan, Vanessa Bonassa Pesse, Ariane Leite Rozza, Nitisha Sendri, Amaya Suku, A. Thahira Banu, Ana Laura Tironi de Castilho, C.V. Umesh, Bincicil Annie Varghese, Karthik Varma A.C., and Sheetu Wadhwa
- Published
- 2023
29. Contributors
- Author
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Shweta Agarwal, Sattam Khulaif Alenezi, Khalid Saad Alharbi, Aaliya Ali, Mohd Nazam Ansari, Vimal Arora, Nazia Banday, Tapan Behl, Devidas S. Bhagat, Nitish Bhatia, Shome Sankar Bhunia, Ananya Bishnoi, Gunjan Vasant Bonde, Amir-Modarresi Chahardehi, Yinghan Chan, Silpi Chanda, Pooja A. Chawla, Viney Chawla, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Xiangmei Cui, Koushik Das, Utsab Debnath, Hari Prasad Devkota, Kamal Dua, Harish Dureja, Saeema Farooq, Prakrati Garg, Ajmer Singh Grewal, Gaurav Gupta, Mahesh Gupta, Saurav Kumar Jha, Erazuliana Abd Kadir, null Kamini, Neha Kanojia, Bhupinder Kapoor, Sukhanpreet Kaur, Saurabh Kulshrestha, Abhitinder Kumar, Anoop Kumar, Bhupinder Kumar, Pradeep Kumar, Hui Shan Liew, Jun Sing Lim, Vuanghao Lim, Xin Wei Lim, Ramakrishna Thilagar Uma Maheswari, Neeraj Mahindroo, Rashita Makkar, Mudasir Maqbool, Prince Ahad Mir, Reyaz Hassan Mir, Roohi Mohi-ud-din, Poonam Negi, Bhupender Nehra, Sin Wi Ng, Shalini Oli, Nisha Panth, Kamla Pathak, Jeevan Patra, Keshav Raj Paudel, Parteek Prasher, Lesley Jia Wei Pua, Vivek Puri, Alan Raj, Mariappan Rajan, Lata Rani, Ritu Rathi, Syed Naeim Raza, Abdul Samad, C. Sarath Chandran, Ameya Sharma, Kushal Sharma, Madhu Sharma, Gurpreet Singh, Inderbir Singh, Manish Pal Singh, Vikram Jeet Singh, Laura Soon, K. Sourav, Manvi Suri, K.K. Swathy, Joycelin Zhu Xin Tan, Komal Thapa, Nidhi Tiwari, Raj Kumar Tiwari, Jyoti Upadhyay, Shashi Upadhyay, and Nitin Verma
- Published
- 2023
30. An Insight into Synthetic Strategies for Schiff Base Derivatives with Diverse Biological Activities
- Author
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Pooja Chawla, Bhupinder Kumar, Md. Jawaid Akhtar, and Jagseer Singh
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Schiff base ,chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Combinatorial chemistry - Abstract
Abstract:: Schiff base or imine or azomethine is one of the most important organic compounds that has been reported to play a significant role in various biological processes. The group is a part of natural or non-natural compounds and is involved as important precursors as diversified agents and as intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active agents. The review outlines the detailed design strategy, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of different Schiff bases for various biological activities. We have tried to outline the key points of various researchers with respect to biological activities. The results of different studies demonstrate Schiff bases as a linker in many synthetic compounds displaying a broad range of activities. We believe that the present review will provide comprehensive knowledge about medicinal importance of Schiff bases and serve as important literature in designing the synthesis of novel molecules containing Schiff base as pharmacophore or biologically active moiety.
- Published
- 2021
31. Investigation of Indole‐3‐piperazinyl Derivatives as Potential Antidepressants: Design, Synthesis, In‐Vitro, In‐Vivo and In‐Silico Analysis
- Author
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Nilay K. Nandi, Dilpreet Kaur, Vinod Kumar, Ashish Ranjan Dwivedi, Bhupinder Kumar, Ravi Ranjan Kumar, and Vijay Kumar
- Subjects
Indole test ,Design synthesis ,Chemistry ,In silico ,General Chemistry ,In vitro in vivo ,Pharmacology ,MAO-A Inhibitors - Published
- 2021
32. Changing spectrum of infective endocarditis in India: An 11-year experience from an academic hospital in North India
- Author
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Parminder Singh, Rajesh Vijayvergiya, Ankur Gupta, C. R. Pruthvi, Parag Barwad, Prashant Panda, Bhupinder Kumar Sihag, Ajay Bahl, Navneet Arora, Saurabh Mehrotra, Archana Angrup, Yash Paul Sharma, Neelam Dahiya, Navneet Sharma, Manoj Kumar Rohit, Himanshu Gupta, Atul Saroch, Ashok Kumar Pannu, and Lipi Uppal
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Staphylococcus aureus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,RD1-811 ,Heart disease ,Epidemiology ,Staphylococcus ,medicine.disease_cause ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Endocarditis ,Rheumatic heart disease ,Retrospective Studies ,Native Valve Endocarditis ,biology ,business.industry ,Endocarditis, Bacterial ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Hospitals ,Cardiac surgery ,Injection drug use ,Echocardiography ,Viridans streptococci ,RC666-701 ,Infective endocarditis ,Original Article ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Objective Several studies have demonstrated a shift in the spectrum of infective endocarditis (IE) in the developed world. We aimed to investigate whether demographic and microbiologic characteristics of IE have changed in India. Design A retrospective analysis of patients with in north India between 2010 and 2020. Methods The clinical and laboratory profiles of 199 IE admitted to an academic hospital patients who met the modified Duke criteria for definite IE were analysed. Results The mean age was 34 years, and 84% were males. The main predisposing conditions were injection drug use (IDU) (n = 71, 35.7%), congenital heart disease (n = 46, 21.6%), rheumatic heart disease (n = 25, 12.5%), and prosthetic device (n = 19, 9.5%). 17.1% of patients developed IE without identified predispositions. Among 64.3% culture-positive cases, the most prevalent causative pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (46.1%), viridans streptococci (7.0%), enterococci (6.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (5.5%), gram negative bacilli (5.5%), polymicrobial (5.5%), and Candida (1.0%). The tricuspid (30.3%), mitral (25.6%), and aortic (21.6%) valves were the most common sites of infection, and 60.3% had large vegetations (>10 mm). Systemic embolization occurred in 55.3% of patients at presentation. Cardiac surgery was required for 13.1%. In-hospital mortality was 17.1% and was associated with prosthetic devices (p-value, 0.001), baseline leucocytosis (p-value, 0.036) or acute kidney injury (p-value, 0.001), and a microbial etiology of gram negative bacilli or enterococci (p-value, 0.005). Conclusion IDU is now the most important predisposition for IE in India, and S. aureus has become the leading cause of native valve endocarditis with or without IDU.
- Published
- 2021
33. Impact of Doping on Efficiency of Quantum Dots
- Author
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Shibam Das, Rohit Bhatia, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Published
- 2022
34. An insight on medicinal attributes of pyrimidine scaffold: An updated review
- Author
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Akshun Vyas, Bhaskar Sahu, Shelly Pathania, Nilay Kumar Nandi, Gaurav Chauhan, Vivek Asati, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Organic Chemistry - Published
- 2022
35. Law Relating to Admissibility of Scientific Evidence: A Critical Analysis
- Author
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Dr. Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Investigation ,Science ,Crime ,Evidence - Abstract
Science become part and parcel of Indian legal system. Indian court are dependent on scientific evidence for deciding each and every case, due to the ancient procedure investigating agency are not able to collect sufficient evidence, beside crime are well planned and committing by using new technology. So, it is necessary for investigation agency to adopt modern and scientific rule in investigation for collecting sufficient evidence. Since the beginning of human race crime in some form or other has existed. With the progress of science and development of technology the notion of crime as well as the methods used by criminals in commission of crime has undergone a phenomenal transformation. The very nature of crime itself has undergone complete transformation. There is a conceptual shift in the terms of the costs of the criminal behavior and the forms of criminality. In the present era most of the human activities are carried with the aid of modern technology as a consequence dependence of humans on technology is increasing. In the celestial cosmos, the scientific and technological advancement has assumed vast proportions, which were unimaginable a few decades ago.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Design, synthesis of 1,2,4-triazine derivatives as antidepressant and antioxidant agents: In vitro, in vivo and in silico studies
- Author
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Rohit Pal, Bhupinder Kumar, Guruubasavaraja Swamy P M, and Pooja A. Chawla
- Subjects
Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
The novel series of substituted-N-(5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl) benzamides (R: 1-12) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for in-vitro and in-vivo antidepressant-like activity. In MAO-A inhibition assay, compound R: 5 and R: 9 displayed most potent activity with IC
- Published
- 2022
37. Impact of Coumarin Hybrids upon Imperative Clinical Targets against Cancer
- Author
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Rohit Bhatia, Amandeep Singh, Bhupinder Kumar, and Ravindra K. Rawal
- Abstract
The severity, prevalence, and complexity of cancer do not need any introduction at present. The coumarin scaffold has been explored intermittently for its anti-cancer potential for a long time, and continuous research is further in progress. The concept of molecular hybridization has opened new doors towards the design and development of therapeutic candidates, capable of binding to multiple targets. This has been proven to be a promising approach for diseases with complex pathophysiology involving a variety of targets. In this direction, several research groups have explored the therapeutic potentials of coumarin and its derivatives against cancer. Coumarin possesses multiple sites for substitution/tethering/fusion, providing ease for constructing coumarin hybrid molecules. Coumarin and its derivatives have the ability to exert anti-cancer activity by interacting/binding with several targets, including aromatase, sulphatase, protein kinases, telomerase, carbonic anhydrase, caspases, SERD (selective estrogen receptor downregulators), tubulin, phosphoinositide 3- kinases (PI3K), topoisomerase and hormones. These targets are involved in complex pathological events during the development of cancer. Several heterocyclic moieties beyond coumarin are also capable of binding to one or more of these targets. Therefore, conjuring such a heterocycle with coumarin moiety is an ideal approach to target more than one target simultaneously. In this chapter, the authors have highlighted important targets along with their significance in the development of cancer. A description of reported potent anti-cancer coumarin hybrids (in the past five years) inhibiting/interacting with particular targets has been provided. Although there is a tremendous advancement in developing hybrid molecules against cancer, still no suitable candidate has been launched in the market for a long time. So, further clinical and toxicological investigations on reported lead molecules should be carried out on priority.
- Published
- 2022
38. Role of sodium dependent SLC13 transporter inhibitors in various metabolic disorders
- Author
-
Md Jawaid Akhtar, Shah Alam Khan, Bhupinder Kumar, Pooja Chawla, Rohit Bhatia, and Karanvir Singh
- Subjects
Clinical Biochemistry ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
The sodium dependent SLC13 family transporters comprise of five genes SLC13A1, SLC13A2 (NaDC1), SLC13A3 (NaDC3), SLC13A4 and SLC13A5 (NaCT). Among them, NaDC1, NaDC3 and NaCT are sodium dependent transporters belonging to family of dicarboxylates (succinate, malate, α-ketoglutarate) and tricarboxylates (citrate). The mouse and the human NaCT structures have still not been crystallized, therefore structural information is taken from the related bacterial transporter of VcINDY. Citrate in the cytosol works as a precursor for the fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins. The excess citrate from the matrix is translocated to the cytosol for fatty acid synthesis through these transporters and thus controls the energy balance by downregulating the glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA), and fatty acid breakdown. These transporters play an important role in regulating various metabolic diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, fatty liver diseases and CNS disorders. These di and tricarboxylate transporters are emerging as new targets for metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. The mutation in the function of the NaCT causes several neurological diseases including neonatal epilepsy and impaired brain development whereas mutation of genes coding for citrate transport present in the liver may provide positive effect. Therefore, continued efforts from the earlier work on citrate transporters are required for the development of citrate inhibitors. This review discusses the structure, function, and regulation of the NaCT transporter. The review also highlights citrate role in diagnosing diseases such as cancer, diabetes, fatty liver, and diabetes. The therapeutic perspective of synthetic inhibitors against NaCT transporters is succinctly summarized.
- Published
- 2022
39. Role of Sodium dependent SLC13 transporter and its inhibitors in various metabolic disorders
- Author
-
MOHAMMAD AKHTAR, Shah Khan, Bhupinder Kumar, Pooja Chawla, Rohit Bhatia, and Karanvir Singh
- Abstract
The sodium dependent SLC13 family transporters comprise of the five genes SLC13A1, SLC13A2 (NaDC1), SLC13A3 (NaDC3), SLC13A4 and SLC13A5 (NaCT). Among them the three NaDC1, NaDC3 and NaCT are sodium dependent transporters such as di-carboxylates (succinate, malate, α-ketoglutarate) and tricarboxylates (citrate). The mouse and the human NaCT structures have still not been crystallized, the information to the structures is taken from the related bacterial transporter of VcINDY. Citrate in the cytosol works as precursor for the fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins. The excess citrate from the matrix is translocated to the cytosol for fatty acid synthesis through these receptors and thus controls the energy balance by downregulating the glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid (TCA), and fatty acid breakdown. These transporters play an important role in regulating various metabolic diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, fatty liver diseases and CNS disorders. These di and tricarboxylate transporters are emerging as new targets for metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. The mutation in the function of the NaCT causes several neurological diseases including neonatal epilepsy and impaired brain development whereas mutation of the citrate present in the liver may provide positive effect. Therefore, continued efforts from the earlier work on citrate transporter are required for the development of citrate inhibitors. In this review the structure, function, and regulation of the NaCT receptors are discussed. The review also highlights citrate role in diagnosing diseases such as cancer, diabetes, fatty liver, and diabetes. The therapeutic perspective of synthetic inhibitors against NaCT receptors are succinctly summarized.
- Published
- 2022
40. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of oxadiazole clubbed piperazine derivatives as potential antidepressant agents
- Author
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Bhaskar Sahu, Rohit Bhatia, Dilpreet Kaur, Diksha Choudhary, Ravi Rawat, Shilpa Sharma, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
41. Rationale Design, Synthesis, Pharmacological and In‐silico Investigation of Indole‐Functionalized Isoxazoles as Anti‐inflammatory Agents
- Author
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Rohit Bhatia, Akshun Vyas, Salah M. El‐Bahy, Mahmoud M. Hessien, Gaber A. M. Mersal, Mohamed M. Ibrahim, Raghav Dogra, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Inflammation ,Anti-inflammatory ,Antioxidants ,COX-2 inhibitors ,Drug design ,Indole derivatives ,Oxadiazole derivatives ,General Chemistry - Published
- 2022
42. 'BUCKYTUBE: A Novel Support for pd Catalyzed C-C Bond Formation'
- Author
-
Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
General Medicine - Published
- 2022
43. Paradigms and Success Stories of Natural Products in Drug Discovery against
- Author
-
Rohit Bhatia, Pooja A. Chawla, Sukhwinder Singh, Shivani Chib, Md. Jawaid Akhtar, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Neurology (clinical) ,General Medicine - Abstract
Abstract: Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are multifaceted complex disorders that have put a great health and economic burden around the globe nowadays. The multi-factorial nature of NDDs has presented a great challenge in drug discovery and continuous efforts are in progress in search of suitable therapeutic candidates. Nature has a great wealth of active principles in its lap that has cured the human population since ancient times. Natural products have revealed several benefits over conventional synthetic medications and scientists have shifted their vision towards exploring the therapeutic potentials of natural products in the past few years. The structural mimicking of natural compounds to endogenous ligands has presented them as a potential therapeutic candidate to prevent the development of NDDs. In the presented review, authors have summarized demographical facts about various NDDs including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD) and various types of sclerosis in the brain. The significant findings of new active principles of natural origin along with their therapeutic potentials on NDDs have been included. Also, a description of clinical trials and patents on natural products has been enlisted in this compilation. Although natural products have shown promising success in drug discovery against NDDs, still their use is associated with several ethical issues which need to be solved in the upcoming time.
- Published
- 2022
44. Piperazine, a Key Substructure for Antidepressants: Its Role in Developments and Structure‐Activity Relationships
- Author
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Shelly Pathania, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Bhaskar Sahu, Bhupinder Kumar, Ravi Ranjan Kumar, and M. Jawaid Akhtar
- Subjects
Bioinformatics ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Social burden ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Development ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Medicine ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Piperazine ,Pharmacology ,Molecular Structure ,Depression ,010405 organic chemistry ,business.industry ,Organic Chemistry ,Antidepressive Agents ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry ,Molecular Medicine ,Antidepressant ,business - Abstract
Depression is the single largest contributor to global disability with a huge economic and social burden on the world. There are a number of antidepressant drugs on the market, but treatment-resistant depression and relapse of depression in a large number of patients have increased problems for clinicians. One peculiarity observed in most of the marketed antidepressants is the presence of a piperazine substructure. Although piperazine is also used in the optimization of other pharmacological agents, it is almost extensively used for the development of novel antidepressants. One common understanding is that this is due to its favorable CNS pharmacokinetic profile; however, in the case of antidepressants, piperazine plays a much bigger role and is involved in specific binding conformations of these agents. Therefore, in this review, a critical analysis of the significance of the piperazine moiety in the development of antidepressants has been performed. An overview of current developments in the designing and synthesis of piperazine-based antidepressants (2015 onwards) along with SAR studies is also provided. The various piperazine-based therapeutic agents in early- or late-phase human testing for depression are also discussed. The preclinical compounds discussed in this review will help researchers understand how piperazine actually influences the design and development of novel antidepressant compounds. The SAR studies discussed will provide crucial clues about the structural features and optimizations required to enhance the efficacy and potency of piperazine-based antidepressants.
- Published
- 2021
45. Recent Development in Synthesis of Carbon Dots from Natural Resources and Their Applications in Biomedicine and Multi‐Sensing Platform
- Author
-
Puja Bag, Bhupinder Kumar, Raj Kumar Narang, Rahul K. Maurya, Pooja Chawla, Mrinmoy Sarkar, and Ankita Dadwal
- Subjects
Materials science ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Quantum dot ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Nanotechnology ,General Chemistry ,business ,Carbon ,Biosensor ,Biomedicine - Published
- 2021
46. Real world perspective of coronary chronic total occlusion in third world countries: A tertiary care centre study from northern India
- Author
-
Yashpaul Sharma, Ankur Gupta, Parag Barwad, Krishna Prasad Nevali, Suraj Khanal, Prashant Panda, Bhupinder Kumar Sihag, Neelam Dahiya, Himanshu Gupta, Krishna Santosh Vemuri, Ankush Gupta, Sanjeev Naganur, kumar Basant, Ajay Bahl, Saurabh Mehrotra, Rohit Manoj Kumar, Rajesh Vijayvergiya, and Parminder Singh
- Subjects
Male ,Coronary angiography ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Percutaneous ,RD1-811 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Coronary Angiography ,Revascularization ,Tertiary care ,Total occlusion ,Tertiary Care Centers ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) ,Registries ,cardiovascular diseases ,Developing Countries ,Retrospective Studies ,J CTO Score ,business.industry ,Third world ,Chronic total occlusion (CTO) ,Coronary artery disease (CAD) ,Management strategy ,Treatment Outcome ,Coronary Occlusion ,RC666-701 ,Chronic Disease ,Conventional PCI ,Cardiology ,Original Article ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, angiographic profile and predictors of outcome for percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) of coronary chronic total occlusions (CTO) in a tertiary referral centre of north India. Background There is no data on the prevalence and very few reports on clinical characteristics, angiographic profile and outcome of PCI in CTO from India. Methods Retrospective analysis was done for the data of 12,020 patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) between January 2018 to January 2019 at our centre. Detailed baseline clinical, angiographic and revascularization data was collected. Outcome of CTO PCI was also noted. All baseline parameters were analysed for predicting the outcome of CTO PCI. Results CTO was identified in 16.3% (1968) patients undergoing CAG and in 24.4% of patients with hemodynamically significant CAD. CTO was predominantly found in LAD (48%) followed by RCA (42.9%) and LCx (25.3%) arterial distribution. Mean JCTO score was 1.93 ± 0.7. PCI as a management strategy was adopted in 456 of 1968 patients (23.1%) and was successful in 340 of 456 (74.6%) of patients. Almost all CTO PCI were attempted by an antegrade approach only. Increasing age, male sex, CTO in LCx arterial distribution and higher J CTO score were associated with poorer outcome in CTO PCI. Conclusions CTO’s are commonly encountered during CAG procedures. In patients undergoing CTO PCI, a fair success rate can be achieved in a high volume experienced centre.
- Published
- 2021
47. Design, synthesis, pharmacological and in silico screening of disubstituted-piperazine derivatives as selective and reversible MAO-A inhibitors for treatment of depression
- Author
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Nilay Kumar Nandi, Rohit Bhatia, Suresh Saini, Ravi Rawat, Shilpa Sharma, Khadga Raj, Naresh Rangra, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Spectroscopy ,Analytical Chemistry - Published
- 2023
48. p53 as a potential target for treatment of cancer: A perspective on recent advancements in small molecules with structural insights and SAR studies
- Author
-
null Chahat, Rohit Bhatia, and Bhupinder Kumar
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Organic Chemistry ,Drug Discovery ,General Medicine - Abstract
Cancer represents one of the world's biggest hazardous diseases. p53 is the uttermost researched tumour suppressor protein. It is commonly considered the "guardian of the genome," performing a critical function in genetic stability maintenance through controlling the cell cycle, programmed cell death, DNA repair, aging, and angiogenesis. The abnormalities in p53 lead to genetic instability and plays a significant role in carcinogenesis. The role of p53 in tumour suppression is emphasized in addition by the observation that primary silencing with this protein occurred in more than 50% of cancers. MDM2, p53, and the p53-MDM2 connections are well-known targets for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Moreover, in tumors with wild-type p53, their efficacy is decreased due to MDM2 enlargement or by the gradual decrease of MDM2 blocker ARF. As a result, improving p53 activity in cancerous cells provides a promising anticancer strategy. Various techniques are now being investigated, and addressing the p53-MDM2 interaction had also evolved as a potentially feasible strategy for contending with tumors. Both p53 and MDM2, interact via an autoregulation response signal: p53 activity induces MDM2 transcription, which in response interacts with p53's N-terminal transactivation domain, inhibiting its transcriptional activity. This article provides information on the current scenario of anti-tumor activities, with a particular emphasis on structure-activity relationship characteristics (SAR) against the p53-MDM2 to treat cancer. The primary purpose of this review is to cover recent advancements in the creation and testing of anticancer drugs that target the p53-MDM2 structure. This review contains different heterocyclic moieties which show significant results toward cancer. A mechanistic route is shown here, demonstrating both normal and malignant conditions via several stressed factors. Several compounds entered clinical trials as p53-MDM2 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
- Published
- 2023
49. US-FDA Approved Drugs in 2020 and 2021: A Review
- Author
-
Bhupinder Kumar, Indu Passi, and Sushant Salwan
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Drug Discovery ,General Medicine - Abstract
Introduction: Throughout the years, the disruption caused by COVID-19 continues to pose an excess of challenges for the pharmaceutical industry. Throughout the entire year, questions were raised that does COVID-19 have a negative impact on new drug approvals. However, the answer to those questions was a ‘big no’. Method: We propose a compilation and analysis of around 100 medications, including small new molecular entities (NMEs), approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the years 2020 and 2021. Novel drug discovery is crucial for pharmaceutical research and development as well as patient care. The only possible way to achieve this crucial goal is to repurpose current medications that may have anticipated effects as possible candidates. The availability of new drugs and biological products often means new treatment options for patients and advances in health care Results: Around 40% of the drugs were approved for various types of cancers. Other major therapeutic areas that were focused on were neurological products (around 17%), infectious diseases (13-15%), and cardiovascular disorders (7-8%). Various new products were approved for rare diseases (58-60%). This study aimed to discover a pattern in FDA medicine approvals during the last two decades. Conclusion: This data shows that anticancer medicines and biologics are receiving increased attention in research. With a bigger number of biologically derived medications being produced, the price could rise much higher. FDA should embrace innovative techniques that will stimulate the industry to enhance research and development of novel compounds or medications that can deliver considerable improvements over existing ones. To put it briefly, FDA had to update our approach to regulation as a whole in order to effectively develop the types of technologies that are becoming available. Modernizing medical product review programmes is a part of this. These initiatives are part of the Medical Innovation Access Plan.
- Published
- 2022
50. Differential Scanning Calorimetry has Emerged as a Key Analytical Tool in the Thermal Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations
- Author
-
Bhupinder Kumar, Indu Passi, Sushant Salwan, and Subrahmanya S. Ganti
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ,Drug Compounding ,Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ,Drug Discovery ,Humans - Published
- 2022
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