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Aims Methods Results Conclusions Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Readiness for behaviour change to mitigate this risk may be low after pregnancy and may further decrease over time without appropriate interventions. This study aimed to evaluate readiness for behaviour change in the first and second postpartum years in women with recent GDM to determine the best timing for lifestyle interventions to prevent T2D.This study included a subset of women with GDM between 2009 and 2013 in Ontario, Canada from a larger prospective cohort study who completed a survey in the first and second postpartum years (N = 329). The primary outcome was stage of readiness for behaviour change for diet and physical activity, compared between the first and second postpartum years.The mean age was 34.3 ± 4.4 standard deviation (SD) years and mean pre‐pregnancy body‐mass index (BMI) was 26.7 ± 6.9 kg/m2. In the first postpartum year, 86% of women reported a pre‐action stage of change, which was 87% by the second postpartum year (p = 0.646). Non‐Caucasian ethnicity was associated with lower odds of being in the action stage of readiness for behaviour change overall and for physical activity in both time periods.Most postpartum women with recent GDM are in a pre‐action stage of change after delivery, which does not increase by the second postpartum year. Behavioural interventions should continue to be prioritized in postpartum women with GDM to optimize this slim window of opportunity for T2D prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited community ambulation, defined as independent mobility outside the home, predicts adverse outcomes in older adults. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine outdoor community ambulation intervention effectiveness in older adults. We searched six databases until October 2021. Studies with an evaluative research objective, older adult population, and outdoor community ambulation interventions were eligible. After reviewing 23,172 records, five studies were included. The meta-analysis found no significant difference in walking endurance and depression outcomes between outdoor community ambulation and comparison interventions. For outcomes not suitable for meta-analysis, studies showed no significant difference in walking activity, anxiety, and general and health-related quality of life, and possible improvements in gait speed and lower extremity function and strength. Most evidence was of low to very low certainty. Considering the limited evidence base, the design, implementation, and evaluation of outdoor community ambulation interventions in older adults should be prioritized in primary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]