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Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the variables affecting endodontic retreatment technique success. Methods: A 5-year period of 500 patient records from a dental clinic were examined. Pre-operative factors, procedure specifics, post-operative results, and demographic information were all documented. The study employed statistical analysis to determine the important factors that influence retreatment success. Findings: The average age of the study group was 45.2 years, and 56% of the participants were female. Sixty-four percent of patients had multiple root canals, and the most frequent initial diagnosis (60%) was apical periodontitis. The results of the surgery varied: 50% of patients had full healing, 30% had partial healing, and 20% had no improvement at all. Significant indicators of retreatment success were found to include age, initial diagnosis, and root canal morphology (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The effectiveness of endodontic retreatment operations is mostly influenced by age, apical periodontitis, and root canal morphology. Optimizing treatment results requires individualized treatment techniques based on each patient’s unique features. Clinicians can benefit greatly from these findings in terms of increasing endodontic retreatment success rates and enhancing patient care.

Background: Breast cancer occurring at an young age (40 years) is associated with aggressive behavior and worse prognosis compared to the older patients. Methods: We retrospectively studied the case records of young patients ( 40 years) with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer seen during the period June 2009 to December 2012 at our tertiary care teaching hospital. Clinical, histopathological features were analyzed and survival out comes were evaluated. Results: Out of the 520 patients with histopathological diagnosis of carcinoma breast, 100 patients were aged 40 years or below. Clinical stage III (54.8%) was the most common stage. Majority of tumours were grade 3 (43%) and triple negative (47.3%). Median follow up period was 42.8 months. Five-year median disease free survival was 30 months and overall survival was 40 months. On univariate analysis for overall survival (OS), tumour grade (p=0.004), stage (p=0.003), distant metastasis (p

This study examines the hydrodynamic stability of weakly viscoelastic thin film of Walters liquid B″ type on a uniformly heated rigid inclined plane. The current model incorporates a heat flux (HF) boundary condition, which is a realistic representation. This approach accounts for heat flux and heat loss at the wall–liquid and wall–air interfaces, allowing for an examination of the effects of a nonvanishing temperature gradient at the top of the rigid wall. This consideration is essential, as maintaining a constant temperature throughout the wall in laboratory settings poses significant challenges. A Benney-type evolution equation is derived using the long-wave expansion of the flow variables, describing the film thickness as a function of x, t. A linear stability analysis in normal mode is conducted to determine the onset of instability to the critical Reynolds number. The linear study indicates the dual role of the wall film Biot number ( B w). For small values of ( B w) , a destabilizing effect is observed; however, upon reaching a critical value, a stabilizing effect is produced. The linear study confirms that the presence of Bw consistently results in a destabilizing effect on the viscoelastic parameter. The nonlinear free surface equation is numerically simulated using the Fourier Spectral method. The temporal evolution of h max and h min in the presence of ( B w) proves the viscoelastic parameter's destabilizing effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigate the impacts of two viscous dissipation models—the form drag (FD) model and the clear fluid compatible (CFC) model—on the thermal behavior of fluid flow within a porous medium in a parallel plate channel. We analyze temperature distributions under constant heat flux conditions by employing the local thermal non-equilibrium model and assuming unidirectional flow governed by the Darcy–Brinkman model. Our results indicate that an increase in the Brinkman number, Biot number, and thermal conductivity ratio enhances the temperature distribution. Notably, the CFC model demonstrates a higher local Nusselt number compared to that in the FD model, highlighting its potential for applications in heat exchanger design where efficient heat transfer is crucial. Our analysis aids in predicting thermal performance and efficiency, emphasizing the importance of selecting appropriate viscous dissipation models to achieve optimal thermal outcomes. The findings have significant applications in thermal management technologies. A comparative analysis with experimental and computational studies further strengthens these insights, making them applicable to a wide range of thermal systems (see Sec. V B). This study can assist engineers in accounting for viscous dissipation when designing systems that involve fluid flow through porous media, such as heat exchanger devices, particularly in the entrance region of ducts, where the thermal field begins to develop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rise of social media has changed how people get and use knowledge, giving university libraries new ways to connect with their academic groups. This study looks into what social media tactics work best for promoting library tools in order to get more people to know about them, use them, and get involved. Libraries can reach many people, like students, teachers, and graduates, through social media s ites like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn. There are both objective and qualit ative talks and polls with libraries and social media workers from different colleges as part of the study. Key results show that different types of content, like lessons, resource features, and event announcements, make users much more likely to connect with the content. There are also more interactions with visual material like charts and movies than with text-only posts. Keeping a busy online profile also depends on how often and when you post changes. The study also talks about how important it is to have material that is suited to the academic needs and hobbies of different groups of users. First-year college students might like study tips and resource guides more, while professors might like news about academic journals and research tools. By adding user-generated material like student reviews and staff highlights, the library's social media presence is made even stronger by creating a feeling of community and being real. Dealing with problems like bad comments and making sure the quality of the content stays high are also t alked about, along with suggestions for the best ways to handle these problems. The resu lts show that a well-thought-out social media approach can make library tools much more vis ible and increase their perceived value, which will eventually help the univers ity group do better in school. This study gives libraries a complet e plan for how to improve their social media involvement and marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, aggressive variant of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Although gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging remains the initial imaging modality of choice, a whole-body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography is imperative to exclude systemic lymphomatous involvement. Furthermore, the metabolic parameter, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion, tumor-to-normal cerebral tissue SUVmax ratio, and FDG uptake patterns help in differentiating intracranial lymphomas from High-grade Glioblastoma Multiforme (HGM) and infectious lesions, and hence, consolidating the diagnosis. In this pictorial essay, we present a series of PCNSL cases, representing the different imaging characteristics and metabolic uptake patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines forced convective heat transfer via an anisotropic porous channel in a couple stress flow. The flow field is assumed to be fully developed and governed by the Darcy Brinkman Forchheimer equation. The thermal field is assumed to be developing. The channel walls are subjected to constant heat flux. Since the momentum equation is non-linear and the thermal energy equation is linear, coupled equations are solved numerically using the finite difference method. The variation in the bulk mean temperature is linear with the axial distance for all values of the couple stress parameter and Darcy number. In the absence of axial conduction and heat sources or sinks in the flow field, it is easy to see that the energy gained by the fluid up to an axial distance is twice the axial distance. The parameters, anisotropic permeability ratio, and anisotropic angle enhance the heat transfer. The couple stress parameter lessens the enhancement in heat transfer. Anisotropy is critical in heat transmission for Darcy number, D a H ≤ 0.8. The heat transfer rate decreases by more than 40% due to couple stress fluid and anisotropic effects in the channel, as opposed to the Newtonian isotropic situation. This investigation's findings have been compared with previous experimental and numerical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is the first line of management for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). However, chemoresistance is prevalent in 18%–50% of the cases. One of the important and most studied causes of chemoresistance is P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression. 99mTc-sestamibi scintimammography may serve as a useful imaging tool to predict Pgp expression, thereby response to NACT. Aim: The aim was to study the role of 99mTc-sestamibi scintimammography in predicting response to NACT in treatment-naive, biopsy-proven LABC patients. Materials and Methods: 99mTc-sestamibi scintimammography (early and delayed images) was performed on a total of 34 patients. Eight patients were lost to follow-up, and only 26 (25 females and 1 male) patients were available for final analysis, with a mean age of 49.7 ± 10.7 years. 99mTc-sestamibi washout rate (WOR) (%) and T/B buildup were calculated. Pre-NACT and Post-NACT tumor sizes were measured clinically, and a % decrease in tumor size was calculated. The WOR and T/B buildup values were correlated with the % decrease in tumor size. Results: We found a statistically significant negative correlation between WOR (%) and % decrease in tumor size and a statistically significant positive correlation between T/B buildup and % decrease in tumor size. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the early T/B ratio and the Ki-67 index (P = 0.22). Conclusion: Early categorization of responders and nonresponders can help in optimal therapy planning. 99mTc-sestamibi scintimammography can serve as an imaging marker for Pgp expression, thereby predicting clinical response to NACT in LABC patients. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to consolidate the above findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smoking, tobacco chewing, consumption of alcohol, excessive salt and sugar intake and lack of sleeping hours have been found directly correlated with progression of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, overweight, obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (ICMR, 2020). Further, skipping meals and consuming meals outside have also been considered major contributory factors of non-communicable diseases. This study was conducted at Department of Foods and Nutrition, CCSHAU, Hisar and data was collected from male and female respondents of Kothagudem district, Telangana. Data was analyzed using SPSS software and results have been presented in frequency and percentages. Results indicated that 23 per cent of male and 18 per cent of female respondents were found to take sleep of less than 7 hours. Alcohol and smoking and tobacco were consumed by 35.0 and 11.0 per cent of male respondents, respectively. Regarding eating habits, it was observed that majority of the respondents (87.0% of male & 91.0% of female) were non-vegetarian. Skipping of meals was prevalent among 13.0 and 21.0 per cent of male and female respondents respectively. Consuming meals outside once in a week was found prevalent among 32.0 and 14.0 per cent of the male and female respondents, respectively. Thirty-three per cent of the male and 23.0 per cent of the female respondents were reported to be suffering from chronic illnesses such as anemia, joint pains, headache, backache and thyroid and non-communicable diseases such as overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis, etc. Through this communication, efforts have been made to communicate people that they should adopt healthy eating and lifestyle to avoid non- communicable diseases in their life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research mainly focuses to study hydrothermal characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow over a slippery permeable bended surface which is rotated in a circular cross-section with radius R 1. In this nanofluid model, a nanoparticle concentration gradient is taken due to Brownian motion and thermophoretic force. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluid are a function of the local volume fraction of the nanoparticle. The system includes the most important parameters such as viscous dissipation and internal heat absorption (or) generation. For the supposed flow governing equations are formulated and then converted to a nonlinear system and resulted system is numerically evaluated with bvp4c in Matlab package. Multiple streamlines and three-dimensional graphics are provided to improve the results. The results obtained show that as the magnetic parameter values increase, the magnitude of the velocity field decreases and the pressure in the boundary layer decreases. Further, the parameters Brownian motion and thermophoresis increase the fluid temperature tends and the concentration should increase as the value of the slip parameter increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sterilization on the nanostructural alteration of nickel titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary file systems in endodontics using the atomic force microscopy (AFM). Materials and Methods: The study was performed on four commercially available rotary Ni-Ti files: group I—Vortex Blue (Dentsply), group II—ProTaper Next (Dentsply), group III—Mtwo (VDW), and group IV—iRaCe (FKG). Each group was divided into four subgroups (n = 4), that is, subgroup A—control (new rotary file), subgroup B—subjected for five cycles of autoclave, subgroup C—immersed in 5.25% NaOCl for 5 minutes, and subgroup D—immersed in 17% EDTA solutions for 5 minutes. All the specimens were evaluated with AFM using roughness average (RA) and root-mean-square (RMS) values for surface roughness. Results: Among control groups, Vortex Blue showed the least RA and RMS values; the highest surface roughness was seen with Mtwo files. All the Ni-Ti rotary files showed a statistically significant (P