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Photoactive N-hydroxysulfonamides photocaged with the (6-bromo-7-hydroxycoumarin-4-yl)methyl chromophore have been successfully synthesized, and the mechanisms of photodecomposition investigated for two of the compounds. Upon irradiation up to 97% of a diagnostic marker for (H)NO release, sulfinate was observed for the trifluoromethanesulfonamide system. In the absence of a species that reacts rapidly with (H)NO, (H)NO instead reacts with the carbocation intermediate to ultimately generate (E)-BHC-oxime and (Z)-BHC-oxime. Alternatively, the carbocation intermediate reacts with solvent water to give a diol. Deprotonation of the N(H) proton is required for HNO generation via concerted C-O/N-S bond cleavage, whereas the protonation state of the O(H) does not affect the observed photoproducts. If the N(H) is protonated, C-O bond cleavage to generate the parent N-hydroxysulfonamide will occur, and/or O-N bond cleavage to generate a sulfonamide. The undesired competing O-N bond cleavage pathway increases when the volume percentage of water in acetonitrile/water solvent mixtures is increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In present study, wastewater quality was evaluated applying multivariate analysis (PCA) and water quality index with respect to the Indian standards in the selected urban areas of Jaipur region, Rajasthan, India. Maximum average values of BOD5, TDS, chloride and fluoride were recorded as 21 mg/L, 1501 mg/L, 285.0 mg/L and 1.8 mg/L, respectively, along with metal concentration in order of Zn (6.31 mg/L )> Fe (0.52 mg/L )> Mn (0.25 mg/L), Cu (0.16 mg/L)> Pb (0.11 mg/L)> Ni (0.02 mg/L). PCA indicates four components extracted with a total variance of 78.48% from the water quality parameters. Wastewater Quality Index (WWQI) analysis emphasis level of pollution load at different sites which revealed 40% of the selected sites were inappropriate for reuse without treatment, however, 60% of the sites with moderate pollution load could be suitably reuse in agricultural and aquaculture. Findings of the present study conclude that multivariate analysis and wastewater quality index could be used as an effective tool for environmental monitoring, assessing, and categorizing wastewater to opt appropriate treatment, reuse and recycling options for sustainable wastewater management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trifluoromethanesulphonylhydroxamic acid, CF 3 SO 2 NHOH, is shown to release HNO under physiological pH conditions. A two-step synthesis is presented with the first complete characterization of CF 3 SO 2 NHOH. This molecule rapidly decomposes in neutral aqueous solution to cleanly release HNO and CF 3 SO 2 - , which was demonstrated using the HNO traps TXPTS and HOCbl, and by 19 F NMR spectroscopy., (© 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)