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153 results on '"Bhandari, Ramchandra"'

35. Climate Adaptation in Rain-fed Agriculture: Analyzing the Determinants of Supplemental Irrigation Practices in Nepal

Author

Joshi, Ganesh Raj and Bhandari, Ramchandra

Subjects
Supplemental irrigation, Nepal, Climate, Perceptions, Agriculture, Environmental Economics and Policy, Adaptation
Abstract

Climate change has severely impacted the rain-fed agricultural production system which is dominant in Nepal. This situation demands implementable strategies like supplemental irrigation for mitigating adverse impacts. In spite of the importance of supplemental irrigation, it is not adopted on a wider scale. Hence, this paper aims to assess perceptions of climate change and identify factors that influence the adoption of supplemental irrigation practices. Climate change impact survey data for Province No. 1 (one of the seven provinces in Nepal) with a sample of 800 households were analyzed by using the probit regression model. The results showed that the majority of the farmers perceived increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation, resulting in climate-induced disasters such as drought. Similarly, only about 27% of the households have adopted supplemental irrigation practices. The significant factors influencing the adoption of supplemental irrigation practices were the household head’s number of years of farming experience and education level, distance to motorable roads, operational size of landholding, membership in community-based organizations, and the perception of changes in summer temperature. Considering the empirical results, it is necessary to undertake research on sustainable practices and develop support measures for scaling up this practice as the adoption of this practice is very low in Province No. 1. The policy and strategy should also emphasize enhancing the capacity of farmers in technical and managerial aspects of supplemental irrigation practices, raising awareness about climate change and its impact, and strengthening community-based organizations for sharing and exchanging knowledge and skills. In addition, creating additional employment opportunities to enhance the income of the farmers for mitigating the capital constraint and increasing investment in infrastructures like roads for improving physical access thereby promoting adoption.

Published
2022
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43. Loss minimization and voltage profile enhancement of distribution system with the integration of renewable distributed generation and capacitor.

Author

Mekonnen, Tefera, Bhandari, Ramchandra, and Ramayya, Venkata

Subjects
*DISTRIBUTED power generation, *SYSTEM integration, *CAPACITOR banks, *CAPACITORS, *ELECTRIC transients, *ELECTRIC loss in electric power systems
Abstract

The continuation of load demand increment in the distribution system and its consequences on the voltage deviation and distribution system loss have a negative impact on system quality. Distributed generation (DG) and capacitor bank can be considered the most suitable enhancement devices for these problems if they are allocated appropriately in the distribution system. In this paper, the impacts of renewable DG and capacitor bank on power loss and voltage profile of Adama real distribution substation in Ethiopia with four scenarios of DG and capacitor interconnection are investigated. In each scenario, the performances of interconnected DG and capacitor in terms of voltage and power losses are analyzed through simulation in Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP). Voltage sensitivity index (VSI) and genetic algorithm (GA) implemented in ETAP software is utilized to determine the optimal location and sizing of DG and capacitors. Results showed that a substantial reduction in active power losses and voltage profile improvement is achieved with a combination of DG and capacitor bank compared to DG and capacitor separately. The reduction of active power loss percentage is reached to 52%. The cost that is associated with power loss is minimized by 51.7 %. Also it was found that based on the time taken for the analysis, GA technique implemented in ETAP is slightly effective than VSI variational algorithm methods for capacitor sizing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

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