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7. Assessment of Quality of Life and Social Correlates among Drug Sensitive and Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Patients

Author

G. Hamsaveni, A. M. Amrutha, Bhagyalaxmi Sidenur, Vijayalaxmi Mangasuli, and S. B. Vijeth

Subjects
multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, quality of life, socioeconomic factors, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) has significant health, social, psychological, and economic impacts on patients. This study aimed to assess and compare quality of life (QOL) among multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB patients and drug-sensitive TB patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative study was conducted among 40 MDR-TB patients and 80 age- and gender-matched drug-sensitive TB patients in Chitradurga district, South India. Sociodemographic data were collected and QOL was assessed using the WHO BREF scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS v20. Results: The study population was predominantly male (65%) and aged 27–35 years. Education level and socioeconomic status differed significantly between MDR and sensitive TB groups (P < 0.05). MDR-TB patients had significantly lower self-rated QOL and health satisfaction compared to sensitive TB patients (P < 0.001). MDR-TB patients scored lower on all four QOL domains (physical, psychological, social relationships, and environmental), with the psychological domain most affected. The majority of both MDR and sensitive TB patients had “fair” QOL across domains. Conclusion: QOL was impaired in both MDR and sensitive TB patients, but more severely in MDR-TB. The psychological domain was most affected. Factors such as poor accessibility to health services, low socioeconomic status, and poor mental health may contribute to reduce QOL in TB patients.

Published
2024
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8. Status of vector protection measures and awareness regarding vector borne diseases in families residing in a 'Nirmal Gram Puraskar' village in India

Author

A Rohit, Vijayalaxmi Mangasuli, AM Amrutha, Bhagyalaxmi Sidenur, and SB Vijeth

Subjects
nirmal gram puraskar, total sanitation campaign, vector borne diseases, vector control measures, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Background & objectives: Mosquito-bome diseases are increasing problems in various parts of the world, causing high mortality and morbidity for humans. This study was done to assess the vector protection measures taken by rural below poverty line (BPL) families, and to assess the awareness about vector-borne diseases along with Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) in rural BPL families. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area which won “Nirmal Gram Puraskar” Award i.e., “clean village” among 96 below BPL families for a period of three months. These families (every 5th) were selected by systematic random sampling until we reached a sample size. Basic socio-demographic details, status of vector protection measures, solid waste management, vector-borne diseases and total sanitation campaign details were collected from the study participants. Pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the head of the families which included sanitation status at home by house-to-house visit. Data collected was analysed using SPSS version 20 and presented as frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Results: Among 96 families studied (454 adults and children), 84 (87.5%) were males and 12 (12.5%) were females. Among these, 291 (64.1%) were using one or the other mosquito protection measures, 52 (54.2%) were using bednets and 23 (23.9%) used coils. 12 families (12.5%) were not using any mosquito protection measures. In our study, 66 (68.8%) families had individual household latrine (IHHL) and 50 (52.1%) had open drainage. Even though 314 participants had an access to individual household latrine, 20 (6.36%) had practice of open air defecation compared to 127 (90.7%) who practiced open air defecation without an access to individual household latrine. When asked about the awareness regarding vector-borne diseases, 56 (58.3%) were aware about chikungunya, 47 (48.9%) about dengue, 46 (47.9%) about malaria, 14 (14.6%) and only 5 (5.2%) families were aware about Japanese encephalitis. In this study, 37 (38.5%) were aware about the total sanitation campaign and 40 (41.6%) about the government support for sanitation. Interpretation & conclusion: While there is a general awareness of vector-borne diseases, the implementation of vector protection measures is not uniform across the village. There is a need for targeted interventions to improve the effectiveness of vector protection measures and increase awareness among the community.

Published
2024
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11. Does the prevalence of depression in patients with malignancies vary with the diagnostic approach: A study comparing the four diagnostic approaches

Author

Eepsita Mishra, Subodh Bhagyalaxmi Nanjaiya, Sushmita Ghoshal, and Sandeeep Grover

Subjects
cancer, depression, prevalence, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Background: Very few studies have compared different diagnostic approaches to diagnose depression in patients with cancers. Aim: To compare the different diagnostic approaches used for diagnosing depression in patients with cancers. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 200 patients (diagnosed with cancer at least 3 months prior to recruitment) attending the outpatient services who were assessed on diagnostic and statistical manual, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria for depression. Additionally, these patients were also assessed using the inclusive, exclusive, and substitutive criteria for depression using a semistructured interview. Patients completed Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.28 years (S.D. M14.11). Females outnumbered males. The mean age of onset of malignancy was 47 years (S.D 14.03), and the mean time since diagnosis of cancer was 35.45 years (S.D 36.87). The prevalence of depression was the highest (38.5%) when estimated using the PHQ-9 and was the lowest (21.5%) when assessed using exclusive criteria for depression. All approaches had high degree of concordance with the DSM–5 criteria for depression. Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with cancer suffer from depression, and the prevalence is influenced by the diagnostic method.

Published
2024
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12. Comparison of the Clinical Effects of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic and Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Author

C K Kirankumar, A M Amrutha, Bhagyalaxmi Sidenur, and Vijayalaxmi Mangasuli

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction : Micro discectomy is the surgical procedure of choice for treating lumbar disc herniations. A laminectomy can cause instability, significant epidural fibrosis, continued radiated pain, and surgical site infection, although there is still concern about the dangers of muscle damage, such as to the multifidus, and excessive articular facet resection. Unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy has been suggested as a less invasive therapeutic approach.Objective: To compare the clinical effects in terms of pain, impairment, and complications associated with percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy with standard micro discectomy for the treatment of disc herniations. Materials and methods: A study of 60 people with disc herniations who were treated with either microdiscectomy or unilateral biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy. The Oswestry Disability Index and visual analogue score for back and leg pain was evaluated after three, six, and twelve months. Results: In comparison to Group E, Group M's mean operating time was substantially lower (p

Published
2024
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13. Estimation of haemoglobin using non-invasive portable device with spectroscopic signal application

Author

A. M. Amrutha, Bhagyalaxmi Sidenur, Balu P.S, Savitha S.V, Nagendra Gowda M.R, and Harshavardhan Rajagopal

Subjects
Anaemia, Nursing students, Non-invasive, Spectroscopy, EzeCheck, Haemoglobinometer, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract An estimated 52% of non-pregnant women of reproductive age in India are estimated to be affected by anaemia, which is categorised as a chronic condition. In 2019–2021, the National Family Health Survey–5 (NFHS–5) which was undertaken revealed the following statistics about the prevalence of anaemia in the state of Karnataka. To estimate haemoglobin levels using non-invasive portable device among nursing students. A cross sectional study was done among students of Nursing college in central Karnataka for a period of 3 months. Total of 140 students were included in the study. EzeCheck haemoglobin estimation was done twice and was recorded in the same Google form. The frequency and percentage of variation of results between Haematology Analyzer and EzeCheck devices was presented with a range of difference such as 0, less than 1, 1.0 to 1.9, 2.0 to 2.9, 3.0 to 3.9, and 4.0 and above. The total prevalence of anaemia among nursing students was 57.8% and most of the students had moderate degree of anaemia (28.6%). Two readings of haemoglobin were taken and difference of readings were calculated and majority of the students had difference of 2 gm/dl. The mean difference of haemoglobin of two readings was 0.5 ± 0.5 gm/dl. The technology employed in this study bridges the gap between patients and anaemia diagnosis by providing screening services. The device provides the diagnosis via a non-invasive, IoT-enabled service at a low cost.

Published
2024
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15. General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants

Author

Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E, Wickham, Aidan P, Singleton, Rosie K, Mishra, Anu, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Ikeda, Nayu, Jain, Lakshya, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Heap, Rachel A, Lhoste, Victor PF, Sheffer, Kate E, Phelps, Nowell H, Rayner, Archie W, Gregg, Edward W, Woodward, Mark, Stevens, Gretchen A, Iurilli, Maria LC, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Bovet, Pascal, Chen, Zhengming, Damasceno, Albertino, Filippi, Sarah L, Janszky, Imre, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Khunti, Kamlesh, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lissner, Lauren, Margozzini, Paula, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, McGarvey, Stephen T, Shaw, Jonathan E, Söderberg, Stefan, Soto-Mota, Luis Adrián, Wang, Junyang, Zaccardi, Francesco, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Al-Hinai, Halima, Al-Lawati, Jawad A, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Al Asfoor, Deena, Al Hourani, Huda M, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alieva, Anna V, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkhatib, Buthaina M, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar, Amougou, Norbert, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Androutsos, Odysseas, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anufrieva, Elena, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Assah, Felix K, Assembekov, Batyrbek, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Auvinen, Juha, Avdičová, Mária, Azad, Kishwar, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Bacopoulou, Flora, Bahijri, Suhad, Bajramovic, Izet, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Rafał, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barbosa Filho, Valter, Barceló, Alberto, Baretić, Maja, Barnoya, Joaquin, Barrera, Lena, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz, Batieha, Anwar M, Batista, Aline P, Batista, Rosangela L, Battakova, Zhamilya, Baur, Louise A, Bayauli, Pascal M, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedek, Theodora, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Benitez Rolandi, Gilda Estela, Benzeval, Michaela, Bere, Elling, Berger, Nicolas, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bettiol, Heloísa, Beybey, Augustin F, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bika Lele, Elysée Claude, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boggia, Jose G, Bogova, Elena, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Borghs, Herman, Botomba, Steve, Bourne, Rupert, Boymatova, Khadichamo, Braeckman, Lutgart, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Briceño, Yajaira, Brinduse, Lacramioara, Bringolf-Isler, Bettina, Brito, Miguel, Brug, Johannes, Bugge, Anna, Buntinx, Frank, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burns, Con, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Caixeta, Roberta B, Cama, Tilema, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Cañete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V, Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Rocco, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Maribel, Censi, Laura, Cervantes‐Loaiza, Marvin, Chamnan, Parinya, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Long-Sheng, Cheng, Yiling J, Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chinapaw, Mai JM, Chinnock, Anne, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Chong, Chean Lin, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cirillo, Massimo, Claessens, Frank, Clare, Philip, Cohen, Emmanuel, Confortin, Susana C, Coppinger, Tara C, Cortés, Lilia Yadira, Cosmin, Cojocaru R, Costanzo, Simona, Cowan, Melanie J, Cowell, Chris, Crampin, Amelia C, Cross, Amanda J, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cruz, Juan J, Cucu, Alexandra M, Cureau, Felipe V, Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, da Silva-Ferreira, Haroldo, Dahm, Christina C, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Davletov, Kairat, de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos, Francisco, de Assis, Maria Alice Altenburg, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Bacquer, Jaco, de Bont, Jeroen, De Curtis, Amalia, de Fragas Hinnig, Patrícia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, de Paiva, Karina Mary, De Ridder, Karin, de Valois Correia Júnior, Marco Aurélio, Deepa, Mohan, DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, Demarest, Stefaan, Dennison, Elaine, Deschamps, Valérie, Dhimal, Meghnath, Díez Ripollés, María Pilar, Dika, Zivka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Dominguez, Liria, Donati, Maria Benedetta, Donfrancesco, Chiara, Dong, Guanghui, Donoso, Silvana P, Dorobantu, Maria, Dörr, Marcus, Dragano, Nico, Drygas, Wojciech, Du, Shufa, Duante, Charmaine A, Duboz, Priscilla, Duda, Rosemary B, Duleva, Vesselka L, Dushpanova, Anar, Dyussupova, Azhar, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta, Ebrahimi, Narges, Echeverría, Guadalupe, Eddie, Ricky, Eftekhar, Ebrahim, Efthymiou, Vasiliki, Egbagbe, Eruke E, Eghtesad, Sareh, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ati, Jalila, Elosua, Roberto, Enang, Ofem, Erasmus, Rajiv T, Erem, Cihangir, Ergor, Gul, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Roger G, Fakhradiyev, Ildar, Fakhretdinova, Albina A, Fall, Caroline H, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Farzadfar, Farshad, Farzi, Yosef, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Ferguson, Trevor S, Fernandes, Romulo A, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Fernando, Desha R, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrari, Gerson, Ferrari, Marika, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferrer, Eldridge, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fink, Günther, Fisberg, Mauro, Forsner, Maria, Fottrell, Edward F, Fouad, Heba M, Francis, Damian K, Frontera, Guillermo, Fuchs, Flavio D, Fuchs, Sandra C, Furdela, Viktoriya, Furusawa, Takuro, Gabriela, Stefan Adela, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Galán Cuesta, Manuel, Galbarczyk, Andrzej, Galcheva, Sonya V, Galfo, Myriam, Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli, Garcia, Pablo, Garnett, Sarah P, Gasull, Magda, Gazzinelli, Andrea, Gehring, Ulrike, Gerdts, Eva, Ghaderi, Ebrahim, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghanbari, Ali, Ghasemi, Erfan, Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina, Ghimire, Anup, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Giampaoli, Simona, Gianfagna, Francesco, Gironella, Glen, Giwercman, Aleksander, Gkiouras, Konstantinos, Glushkova, Natalya, Godara, Ramesh, Godos, Justyna, Goldberg, Marcel, Gómez, Georgina, Gómez Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Gomez, Luis F, Gómez, Santiago F, Gomula, Aleksandra, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna, Gonçalves, Helen, Gonçalves, Mauer, González-Alvarez, Ana D, Gonzalez-Chica, David A, González-Gil, Esther M, Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela, González-Rivas, Juan P, Gonzalez, Angel R, Gottrand, Frederic, Grafnetter, Dušan, Grajda, Aneta, Grammatikopoulou, Maria G, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Grøholt, Else Karin, Grøntved, Anders, Guajardo, Viviana, Guallar-Castillón, Pilar, Guerchet, Maëlenn, Guerrero, Ramiro, Guimaraes, Andre L, Gujral, Unjali P, Gulliford, Martin C, Gunter, Marc J, Gupta, Rajeev, Gureje, Oye, Gurinović, Mirjana A, Gurzkowska, Beata, Gutierrez, Laura, Gwee, Xinyi, Haghshenas, Rosa, Hakimi, Hamid, Halkjær, Jytte, Hambleton, Ian R, Hamzeh, Behrooz, Hanekom, Willem A, Hange, Dominique, Hanif, Abu AM, Hantunen, Sari, Hao, Jie, Hardman, Carla Menêses, Hardy, Louise, Hari Kumar, Rachakulla, Harooni, Javad, Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad, Hassapidou, Maria, Hata, Jun, Haugsgjerd, Teresa, Heinen, Mirjam, Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth, Henrique, Rafael dos Santos, Henriques, Ana, Hernandez Cadena, Leticia, Herrala, Sauli, Herrera-Cuenca, Marianella, Herrera, Victor M, Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle, Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Heshmat, Ramin, Hill, Allan G, Ho, Sai Yin, Holdsworth, Michelle, Homayounfar, Reza, Homs, Clara, Hoogendijk, Emiel O, Horimoto, Andrea RVR, Hormiga, Claudia M, Horta, Bernardo L, Houti, Leila, Howitt, Christina, Htay, Thein Thein, Htet, Aung Soe, Htike, Maung Maung Than, Huerta, José María, Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani, Huiart, Laetitia, Huidumac Petrescu, Constanta, Huisman, Martijn, Husseini, Abdullatif, Huybrechts, Inge, Hwalla, Nahla, Iacoviello, Licia, Iakupova, Ellina M, Iannone, Anna G, Igland, Jannicke, Ijoma, Chinwuba, Iotova, Violeta, Irazola, Vilma E, Ishida, Takafumi, Isiguzo, Godsent C, Islam, Muhammad, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islek, Duygu, Ittermann, Till, Ivanova-Pandourska, Ivaila Y, Iwasaki, Masanori, Jääskeläinen, Tuija, Jackson, Rod T, Jaddou, Hashem Y, Jadoul, Michel, Jafar, Tazeen, Jan, Nataša, Janus, Edward, Jarani, Juel, Jarnig, Gerald, Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jasienska, Grazyna, Jelaković, Ana, Jelaković, Bojan, Jha, Anjani Kumar, Jimenez, Ramon O, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, Joffres, Michel, Jokelainen, Jari J, Jonas, Jost B, Joshi, Pradeep, Joshi, Rohina, Josipović, Josipa, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jóźwiak, Jacek J, Juolevi, Anne, Juresa, Vesna, Jureša, Vesna, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kaducu, Felix O, Kadvan, Agnes L, Kafatos, Anthony, Kajantie, Eero O, Kakutia, Natia, Kállayová, Daniela, Kalmatayeva, Zhanna, Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra, Kannan, Srinivasan, Kapantais, Efthymios, Karaglani, Eva, Karakosta, Argyro, Karki, Khem B, Kassi Anicet, Adoubi, Katibeh, Marzieh, Katulanda, Prasad, Katzmarzyk, Peter T, Kauhanen, Jussi, Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M, Kaze, François F, Ke, Calvin, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kelishadi, Roya, Kelleher, Cecily, Kemper, Han CG, Keramati, Maryam, Kersting, Mathilde, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khaledifar, Arsalan, Khalili, Davood, Kheiri, Bahareh, Kheradmand, Motahareh, Khosravi, Alireza, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, Kiechl, Sophia J, Kiechl, Stefan, Kim, Hyeon Chang, Klakk, Heidi, Klanarong, Suntara, Klanova, Jana, Klimek, Magdalena, Knoflach, Michael, Kobel, Susanne, Koirala, Bhawesh, Kolle, Elin, Kolsteren, Patrick, König, Jürgen, Korpelainen, Raija, Korrovits, Paul, Korzycka, Magdalena, Kos, Jelena, Koskinen, Seppo, Koussoh Simone, Malik, Kovács, Éva, Kovalskys, Irina, Kowlessur, Sudhir, Koziel, Slawomir, Kratenova, Jana, Kratzer, Wolfgang, Kriemler, Susi, Kristensen, Peter Lund, Krizan, Helena, Kroker-Lobos, Maria F, Krokstad, Steinar, Kruger, Herculina S, Kruger, Ruan, Kryst, Łukasz, Kubinova, Ruzena, Kujala, Urho M, Kujundzic, Enisa, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumari, Meena, Kunešová, Marie, Kurjata, Pawel, Kyobutungi, Catherine, La, Quang Ngoc, Labadarios, Demetre, Lachat, Carl, Lai, Daphne, Laid, Youcef, Lall, Lachmie, Landaeta Jimenez, Maritza, Landais, Edwige, Lankila, Tiina, Lanska, Vera, Lappas, Georg, Larijani, Bagher, Lateva, Mina P, Latt, Tint Swe, Laurenzi, Martino, Lazo-Porras, Maria, Le Coroller, Gwenaëlle, Le Nguyen Bao, Khanh, Lehtimäki, Terho, Lemogoum, Daniel, Leong, Elvynna, Leszczak, Justyna, Leung, Gabriel M, Li, Yanping, Liivak, Merike, Lim, Charlie, Lim, Wei-Yen, Lima-Costa, M Fernanda, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lind, Lars, Litwin, Mieczyslaw, Liu, Liping, Liu, Xiaotian, Longo Abril, Guadalupe, Lopes, Oscar, Lopez-Garcia, Esther, López-Gil, José Francisco, Lopez, Tania, Lozano, José Eugenio, Lukrafka, Janice L, Luksiene, Dalia, Lundqvist, Annamari, Lunet, Nuno, Lunogelo, Charles, Lustigová, Michala, M'Buyamba-Kabangu, Jean-René, Machado-Coelho, George LL, Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M, Macia, Enguerran, Madar, Ahmed A, Maestre, Gladys E, Maggi, Stefania, Magliano, Dianna J, Magnacca, Sara, Magriplis, Emmanuella, Mahasampath, Gowri, Maire, Bernard, Makdisse, Marcia, Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza, Malekzadeh, Fatemeh, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mallikharjuna Rao, Kodavanti, Malyutina, Sofia, Maniego, Lynell V, Manios, Yannis, Mann, Jim I, Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz, Manzato, Enzo, Mapatano, Mala Ali, Maria-Magdalena, Rosu, Mariño, Joany, Markaki, Anastasia, Marques, Larissa Pruner, Marrugat, Jaume, Martorell, Reynaldo, Maruszczak, Katharina, Masala, Giovanna, Mascarenhas, Luis P, Masimango Imani, Mannix, Masinaei, Masoud, Mathiesen, Ellisiv B, Matijasevich, Alicia, Matłosz, Piotr, Matsha, Tandi E, Matsudo, Victor, Matteo, Giletta, Maulik, Pallab K, Mavrogianni, Christina, Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J, McFarlane, Shelly R, McLean, Rachael M, Mediene Benchekor, Sounnia, Mehlig, Kirsten, Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang, Melgarejo, Jesus D, Méndez, Fabián, Mendivil, Carlos O, Mendoza Montano, Carlos, Menezes, Ana Maria B, Mensink, Gert BM, Mereke, Alibek, Meshram, Indrapal I, Meto, Diane T, Meyer, Haakon E, Mi, Jie, Miłkowska, Karolina, Miller, Jody C, Milushkina, Olga, Minderico, Cláudia S, Mini, GK, Miquel, Juan Francisco, Miranda, J Jaime, Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza, Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta, Mistretta, Antonio, Mocanu, Veronica, Modesti, Pietro A, Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi, Mohammad, Kazem, Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Mohammadi, Zahra, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammadpourhodki, Reza, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mohd Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli, Mohebbi, Iraj, Møller, Niels C, Molnár, Dénes, Momenan, Amirabbas, Mondo, Charles K, Monroy-Valle, Michele M, Montenegro Mendoza, Roger A, Monterrubio-Flores, Eric, Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K, Moon, Jin Soo, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradpour, Farhad, Moreira, Leila B, Morejon, Alain, Moreno, Luis A, Morgan, Karen, Moschonis, George, Moslem, Alireza, Mosquera, Mildrey, Mossakowska, Malgorzata, Mostafa, Aya, Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali, Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel, Motta, Jorge, Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos André, Mridha, Malay K, Msyamboza, Kelias P, Mu, Thet Thet, Muca, Florian, Mugoša, Boban, Munroe, Patricia B, Mursu, Jaakko, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Musić Milanović, Sanja, Musil, Vera, 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2024
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19. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

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Phelps, Nowell H, Singleton, Rosie K, Zhou, Bin, Heap, Rachel A, Mishra, Anu, Bennett, James E, Paciorek, Christopher J, Lhoste, Victor PF, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Stevens, Gretchen A, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Danaei, Goodarz, Rayner, Archie W, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Cowan, Melanie J, Savin, Stefan, Riley, Leanne M, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Baker, Jennifer L, Barkat, Amina, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Branca, Francesco, Caixeta, Roberta B, Cuschieri, Sarah, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ganapathy, Shubash, Ikeda, Nayu, Iotova, Violeta, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Ma, Jun, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, Miranda, J Jaime, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Sorić, Maroje, Turley, Maria, Wang, Limin, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Aarestrup, Julie, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, 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Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Safiri, Saeid, Saghi, Mohammad Hossien, Saidi, Olfa, Saieva, Calogero, Sakata, Satoko, Saki, Nader, Šalaj, Sanja, Salanave, Benoit, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salhanova, Akkumis, Salmerón, Diego, Salomaa, Veikko, Salonen, Jukka T, Salvetti, Massimo, Samoutian, Margarita, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sánchez Rodríguez, Inés, Sandjaja, Sans, Susana, Santa-Marina, Loreto, Santacruz, Ethel, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Lèlita C, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Osvaldo, Santos, Rute, Santos, Tamara R, Saramies, Jouko L, Sardinha, Luis B, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savva, Savvas, Savy, Mathilde, Sawada, Norie, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schaffrath Rosario, Angelika, Schargrodsky, Herman, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schindler, Karin, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Börge, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schmidt, Ida Maria, Schneider, Andrea, Schnohr, Peter, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schramm, Stine, Schröder, Helmut, Schultsz, Constance, Schultz, Gry, Schulze, Matthias B, Schutte, Aletta E, Sebert, Sylvain, Sedaghattalab, Moslem, Selamat, Rusidah, Sember, Vedrana, Sen, Abhijit, Senbanjo, Idowu O, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Sequera, Guillermo, Serra-Majem, Luis, Servais, Jennifer, Ševčíková, Ľudmila, Sewpaul, Ronel, Shalnova, Svetlana, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Seyed Morteza, Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K, Sharman, Almaz, Shaw, Jonathan E, Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shengelia, Lela, Shi, Zumin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shimony, Tal, Shiri, Rahman, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Siani, Alfonso, Siantar, Rosalynn, Sibai, Abla M, Sidossis, Labros S, Silitrari, Natalia, Silva, Antonio M, Silva, Caroline Ramos de Moura, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Kelly Samara, Sim, Xueling, Simon, Mary, Simons, Judith, Simons, Leon A, Sjöberg, Agneta, Sjöström, Michael, Skoblina, Elena V, Skoblina, Natalia A, Slazhnyova, Tatyana, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemysław, Smeeth, Liam, So, Hung-Kwan, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobek, Grzegorz, Sobngwi, Eugène, Sodemann, Morten, Söderberg, Stefan, Soekatri, Moesijanti YE, Soemantri, Agustinus, Sofat, Reecha, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Solovieva, Yuliya V, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sonestedt, Emily, Song, Yi, Soofi, Sajid, Sørensen, Thorkild IA, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Sossa Jérome, Charles, Soto-Rojas, Victoria E, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sousa-Poza, Alfonso, Sovic, Slavica, Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente, Sparrenberger, Karen, Spencer, Phoebe R, Spinelli, Angela, Spiroski, Igor, Staessen, Jan A, Stamm, Hanspeter, Stang, Andreas, Starc, Gregor, Staub, Kaspar, Stavreski, Bill, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Steinsbekk, Silje, Stergiou, George S, Stessman, Jochanan, Stevanović, Ranko, Stieber, Jutta, Stöckl, Doris, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stoyanova, Ekaterina, Stratton, Gareth, Stronks, Karien, Strufaldi, Maria Wany, Sturua, Lela, Suárez-Medina, Ramón, Suarez-Ortegón, Milton F, Suebsamran, Phalakorn, Sugiyama, Mindy, Suka, Machi, Sulo, Gerhard, Sun, Chien-An, Sun, Liang, Sund, Malin, Sundström, Johan, Sung, Yn-Tz, Sunyer, Jordi, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Sweis, Nabil William G, Swinburn, Boyd A, Sy, Rody G, Sylva, René Charles, Szponar, Lucjan, Tabone, Lorraine, Tai, E Shyong, Takuro, Furusawa, Tambalis, Konstantinos D, Tammesoo, Mari-Liis, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tan, Eng Joo, Tang, Xun, Tanrygulyyeva, Maya, Tanser, Frank, Tao, Yong, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarp, Jakob, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Taxová Braunerová, Radka, Taylor, Anne, Taylor, Julie, Tchibindat, Félicité, Te Velde, Saskia, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Tessema, Masresha, Tham, Yih Chung, Thankappan, KR, Theobald, Holger, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thomas, Nihal, Thorand, Barbara, Thrift, Amanda G, Tichá, Ľubica, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari, Tjonneland, Anne, Tolonen, Hanna K, Tolstrup, Janne S, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Topbas, Murat, Topór-Mądry, Roman, Torheim, Liv Elin, Tornaritis, Michael J, Torrent, Maties, Torres-Collado, Laura, Toselli, Stefania, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Tran, Thi Tuyet-Hanh, Tremblay, Mark S, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trinh, Oanh TH, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsigga, Maria, Tsintavis, Panagiotis, Tsugane, Shoichiro, Tuitele, John, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Twig, Gilad, Tynelius, Per, Tzala, Evangelia, Tzotzas, Themistoklis, Tzourio, Christophe, Udoji, Nwannedimma, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ukoli, Flora AM, Ulmer, Hanno, Unal, Belgin, Usupova, Zhamyila, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Uysal, Nalan, Vaitkeviciute, Justina, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Vale, Susana, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Herck, Koen, Van Lippevelde, Wendy, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varbo, Anette, Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio, Vargas, Luz Nayibe, Varona-Pérez, Patricia, Vasan, Senthil K, Vasques, Daniel G, Vatasescu, Radu, Vega, Tomas, Veidebaum, Toomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Velika, Biruta, Verloigne, Maïté, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Victora, Cesar G, Viegi, Giovanni, Viet, Lucie, Vik, Frøydis N, Vilar, Monica, Villalpando, Salvador, Vioque, Jesus, Viriyautsahakul, Napaphan, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visser, Marjolein, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vladulescu, Mihaela, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vocanec, Dorja, Vollenweider, Peter, Völzke, Henry, Vourli, Georgia, Voutilainen, Ari, Vrijheid, Martine, Vrijkotte, Tanja GM, Vuletić, Silvije, Wade, Alisha N, Waldhör, Thomas, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis OA, Wan Bebakar, Wan Mohamad, Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon, Wanderley Júnior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Chongjian, Wang, Huijun, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wartha, Olivia, Weber, Adelheid, Wedderkopp, Niels, Weghuber, Daniel, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Westbury, Leo D, Whincup, Peter H, Wichstrøm, Lars, Wickramasinghe, Kremlin, Widhalm, Kurt, Widyahening, Indah S, Więcek, Andrzej, Wild, Philipp S, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Julianne, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wirth, James P, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Woldeyohannes, Meseret, Wolf, Kathrin, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Emily B, Wong, Jyh Eiin, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Woodward, Mark, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Hon-Yen, Wu, Jianfeng, Wu, Li Juan, Wu, Shouling, Wyszyńska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yamborisut, Uruwan, Yan, Li, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yardim, Nazan, Yasuharu, Tabara, Yépez García, Martha, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K, Yngve, Agneta, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Yotov, Yoto, You, Qi Sheng, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Yu, Yu-Ling, Yu, Yunjiang, Yusof, Safiah Md, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zaccagni, Luciana, Zafiropulos, Vassilis, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zamrazilová, Hana, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zargar, Abdul Hamid, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zayed, Ayman A, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Żegleń, Magdalena, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tajana, Zeng, Yi, Zentai, Andrea, Zhang, Bing, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhao, Wenhua, Zhecheva, Yanitsa V, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Wei, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Dan, Zimmet, Paul, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio, Zuziak, Monika, and Ezzati, Majid

Published
2024
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22. To predict the determinants of severity of COVID-19 illness in a tertiary care hospital.

Author

Shilpa Sule, Sujata Khatal, Bhagyalaxmi Paramshetti, and Sonali Sawarthia

Subjects
covid-19, severity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio., Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The recent corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic overwhelmed the medical system. Preexisting comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension greatly influenced the course and outcome of this viral illness, especially in the elderly population. Laboratory parameters such as neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (N/L), serum ferritin, serum D-dimer, and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have also been correlated with the severity of the disease in these patients. The present study aims to assess the determinants of severity of COVID-19 disease in an attempt to improve the prognostication and management of health care resources during a pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 544 confirmed adult patients infected with COVID-19, who were admitted in Bharati Hospital and Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India, were included in this retrospective, observational study from February 2021 to June 2021. All patients were classified into mild, moderate and severe group according to the severity of the disease. Demographic, epidemiological, and radiological characteristics of the patients were studied and possible determinants of the severity of the disease among them were assessed. RESULTS: This study found that the mean age in group 3 (severe illness) was significantly higher than the other groups. Significantly, patients in group 3 were found to have preexisting diabetes mellitus and hypertension more than the other groups. The average values of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, serum ferritin, LDH, random blood glucose level, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly correlated with the severity of COVID-19 illness. Patients who had consolidation findings on chest radiography and high computed tomography severity score (CT-SS) were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 disease. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, it has been observed that older age; comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, reactive protein, serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) are significantly associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection. Knowledge of these determinants of severity can help healthcare workers identify patients at high risk of deterioration, high rate of mortality, and high rate of morbidity.

Published
2023
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23. Graphics out Loud: Perceptions and Strategic Actions of Students with Visual Impairments When Engaging with Graphics

Author

Zebehazy, Kim T., Wilton, Adam P., and Velugu, Bhagyalaxmi

Abstract

Introduction: Facility in graphics use is critical to accessing data visualizations in science, technology, engineering, the arts, and mathematics (STEAM) content areas. Efforts to understand the cognitive processes underlying strategic action by students with visual impairments must consider both metacognition and self-regulated learning. Methods: Think-aloud transcripts were analyzed using a priori level one coding based on the Model of Graphic Interpretation (MoGI) followed by second-level coding to analyze nuanced commonalities and differences based on performance, medium, and level. Results: Differences in each component of the MoGI were found for print graphic and tactile graphic users, particularly based on performance and level. Higher performers were better able to articulate strategy use and reasons for selecting strategies. Discussion: Findings coincide with quantitative findings of the participants (see Zebehazy & Wilton, 2021). Transcripts provided additional confirming evidence of the interdependence of MoGI components. Implications for Practitioners: Use of think aloud can support assessment and instruction of students with visual impairments to build strategic action and metacognition when engaging with graphics.

Published
2022
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25. Analysis of tempering temperature and vegetable oil quenchant viscosity effect on mechanical properties of 42CrMo4 steel

Author

Bhagyalaxmi, Ananda Hegde, Sathyashankara Sharma, and PK Jayashree

Subjects
microstructure, heat treatment, Pinnay oil, Karanja seed oil, tempering, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

AbstractEnvironment is the main concern nowadays to protect the soil. Heat treatment processes used to enhance the properties of steel should not affect the environment badly. In this study, eco-friendly oil-quench specimens of 42CrMo4 steel are subjected to different tempering temperatures for about 4 hours and tested. Hardness, room temperature impact toughness, and microstructure of specimens were determined. Results showed that as the tempering temperature increased, there was an increase in impact toughness with slight decrease in the hardness. Blend oil-quench specimen, tempered at 450°C and 500°C, shows reasonably good hardness (40 and 39 Rc, respectively) and impact toughness (35 and 40 J, respectively). Response surface approach for combined optimization has given the optimized value for tempering temperature and oil viscosity as 453°C and 34.7 centistokes, respectively. Confirmation test results have shown that the regression equation developed is the best fit with percentage error less than 3%.

Published
2023
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26. Retrospective comparative study of clinical profile and pulmonary involvement in unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals diagnosed with COVID-19.

Author

Sukanya Dasgupta, Prajakta Patil, Supriya Barsode, Bhagyalaxmi Paramshetti, and Ujwal Kumar Akula

Subjects
vaccination, pandemic, pulmonary, radiological., Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to assess the clinical profile, co-morbidities and pulmonary involvement by means of CT-SS and CO-RADS in unvaccinated and completely vaccinated individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 138 adult patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 Virus between January 2021 and January 2022 in Bharati Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India were recruited for this retrospective, comparative study. Data was collected from medical records. All patients presenting to the institute with clinical features suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection were subjected to confirmative testing and the patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection underwent a standardized HRCT thorax imaging. Clinical features, comorbidities, vital parameters and the association of CTSS scores and CO-RAD scores between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals were analyzed. RESULTS: Out of the 138 patients included in this study, 69 (39 male, 30 female) were unvaccinated and 69 (49 male, 20 female) were vaccinated. Mean CO-RADS and CTSS in the unvaccinated cohort was significantly higher than the vaccinated (p

Published
2023
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27. Breakthrough coronavirus disease 2019 infection among health-care workers at a tertiary care center in Chitradurga district

Author

Vijayalaxmi Mangasuli, Bhagyalaxmi Sidenur, A M Amrutha, M Sudharani, and S B Vijeth

Subjects
coronavirus disease 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine (covishield, covaxin), health-care workers, Medicine
Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread rapidly leading to a pandemic in March 2020. To combat this, the COVID-19 vaccination drive was conducted in India and had its first recipients as the health-care workers who represent a high-risk population for the same. It included both Covishield and Covaxin. This study draws attention to the COVID-19 attack rate among health-care workers in a teaching Medical hospital, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, in Chitradurga, Karnataka, India. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess breakthrough COVID-19 infection after vaccination among health-care workers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital in October 2021 and December 2021. The study participants were more than 18 years old. The participants include BMCH staff including doctors, nurses, watchman, and ward boys. A sample size of 200 was obtained. Results: Most of the sample lies in the age group of 18–30 years, consisting of more females than males. 191/200, i.e., 95.5% of the population have been vaccinated against COVID-19, of which 69.5% have taken Covishield vaccine and 26% have Covaxin vaccine. Only 9/200 tested positive for COVID-19, postvaccination, whereas 2/200 were hospitalized for complications of COVID-19, postvaccination. Conclusion: Breakthrough COVID-19 among BMCH staff members shows that the vaccination has reduced COVID-19 infection.

Published
2023
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28. A cross-sectional study of hypertension among 20–40 years old residing in an Urban area of Bagalkot City, North Karnataka

Author

Bhagyalaxmi Sidenur and Gowri Shankar

Subjects
hypertension, prevalence, urban area, young adult, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular disorder and one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular mortality which accounts for 20–50% of all deaths. Although most studies describe hypertension in older adults and the elderly, there is a paucity of data on young adults as they are deemed to be at a lower risk of developing the disease. Objectives: To study the prevalence of hypertension and study the risk factors and strength of association between factors and hypertension among 20–40 years old. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 20–40 years old residing in the urban field practice area to find the prevalence of hypertension and its association with socio-demographic factors. After obtaining informed consent, data were collected with the help of an interview method by systematic random sampling using predesigned and pretested semi-structured questionnaires. Three readings of blood pressure were recorded using a sphygmomanometer, and the average reading was considered. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel, Open Epi software, and SPSS software. Results: Out of 420 subjects, the prevalence of hypertension was found to be 17.9% and pre-hypertension was 52%. Factors significantly associated with hypertension were age, marital status, type of family, family history of hypertension, tobacco chewing, stress, and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: The present study reveals a high prevalence of hypertension (17.9%) in the 20–40 years old age group, which can lead to increased cardiovascular disease burden in the population.

Published
2023
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30. Intergenic

Author

Yadav, Manohar Lal, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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31. Genomic Imprinting

Author

Ritu, Giri, Prerna, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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32. Genetic Variation

Author

Ritu, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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33. Gene Pool

Author

Giri, Prerna, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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35. Candidate Gene

Author

Giri, Prerna, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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36. QTL Linkage Analysis

Author

Giri, Prerna, Yadav, Manohar Lal, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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39. Design and Fabrication of Automatic Oxygen Flow Controller for COVID Patient

Author

Sugumar, S. J., Sugathan, Divya, Patil, Bhagyalaxmi S., Chandana, S., Harsha, S., Karthik Kumar, V., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Saini, H. S., editor, Singh, R. K., editor, Tariq Beg, Mirza, editor, Mulaveesala, Ravibabu, editor, and Mahmood, Md Rashid, editor

Published
2022
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44. Screening for gestational diabetes, Ahmedabad, India/[phrase omitted]/ [phrase omitted]/Depistage du diabete gestationnel, Ahmedabad, Inde/[phrase omitted]/ Cribado de la diabetes gestacional en Ahmedabad, India

Author

Nayak, Himanshu, Gadhavi, Rajendra, Solanki, Bhavin, Aroor, Bhagyalaxmi, Gameti, Hemant, Shringarpure, Kalpita S., Joshi, Jayun, and Kazi, Zuveriya

Subjects
Urban health, Glucose tolerance tests, Diabetes therapy, Diabetes in pregnancy, Blood sugar, College teachers, Pregnant women, Rural health, Medical screening, Health
Abstract

Objective To implement a community-based screening and awareness-raising project for gestational diabetes in Ahmedabad, India. Methods The project took place between April 2016 and August 2019 in Ahmedabad. Medical college faculty members and medical officers trained 3582 paramedical staff on screening for gestational diabetes. These paramedical staff tested all pregnant women 24-28 weeks gestation, who were attending village health and nutrition days--also called mamta days--in urban and rural health centres for routine antenatal care, for gestational diabetes. An oral glucose tolerance test was used and blood sugar [greater than or equal to] 7.8 mmol/L was the cut-off for gestational diabetes. Women with gestational diabetes were referred for counselling and treatment and all women were followed until 6 weeks after delivery. Findings Of53 522 pregnant women screened, 6786 (12.7%) had gestational diabetes and were referred for nutritional therapy or medication; 836 (12.3%) of these women started medication. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of stillbirths between women with gestational diabetes (0.8%; 54/6786) and women without (0.7%; 338/46 736; P-value: 0.51). Of the women on treatment, 38 had abnormal blood glucose after delivery and continued with the medication. Two women with gestational diabetes died; they had other associated co-morbidities--pre-eclampsia and anaemia. Conclusion We found a high prevalence of gestational diabetes, indicating the need for gestational diabetes screening and implementation of this project on a larger scale. Gestational diabetes screening at the community level is operationally feasible using the existing human resources and infrastructure of the reproductive health programmes. [phrase omitted] [phrase omitted] Objectif Mettre en reuvre un projet de sensibilisation et de depistage du diabete gestationnel au sein de la sphere communautaire a Ahmedabad, en Inde. Methodes Le projet s'est deroule entre avril 2016 et aout 2019 a Ahmedabad. Des medecins et membres de la faculte de medecine ont forme 3582 paramedicaux au depistage du diabete gestationnel. Ces paramedicaux ont teste toutes les femmes enceintes de 24 a 28 semaines ayant assiste a des journees locales consacrees a la sante et a la nutrition--egalement appelees journees mamta--dans les centres de sante urbains et ruraux dedies aux soins prenatals de routine, afin de detecter un eventuel diabete gestationnel. Ils ont utilise des tests oraux de tolerance au glucose et fixe la limite a [greater than or equal to] 7,8 mmol/L pour le taux de glycemie. Les femmes presentant un diabete gestationnel ont ensuite ete envoyees en consultation et recu un traitement; toutes ont ete suivies jusqu'a 6 semaines apres l'accouchement. Resultats Sur 53 522 femmes enceintes depistees, 6786 (12,7%) souffraient de diabete gestationnel et se sont vu proposer une therapie nutritionnelle ou des medicaments; 836 (12,3%) d'entre elles ont entame un traitement. Aucune difference notable n'a ete observee en matiere de prevalence des mortinaissances chez les femmes atteintes de diabete gestationnel (0,8%; 54/6786) par rapport aux autres (0,7%; 338/46 736; valeur-p: 0,51). Sur l'ensemble des femmes sous traitement, 38 presentaient un taux de glycemie anormal apres l'accouchement et ont continue a prendre des medicaments. Deux femmes souffrant de diabete gestationnel sont decedees; leur diabete etait associe a d'autres comorbidites--preeclampsie et anemie. Conclusion Nous avons constate une forte prevalence du diabete gestationnel, d'ou la necessite de depister et de deployer ce projet a plus grande echelle. Le depistage du diabete gestationnel au niveau communautaire est faisable sur le plan operationnel avec les infrastructures et ressources humaines existant dans le cadre des programmes de sante reproductive. [phrase omitted] Objetivo Poner en marcha un proyecto local de cribado y sensibilizacion sobre la diabetes gestacional en Ahmedabad, India. Metodos El proyecto tuvo lugar entre abril de 2016 y agosto de 2019 en Ahmedabad. Los miembros de la facultad de medicina y los funcionarios medicos formaron a 3582 miembros del personal paramedico en el cribado de la diabetes gestacional. Este personal paramedico realizo pruebas de diabetes gestacional a todas las mujeres embarazadas de entre 24 y 28 semanas de gestacion que asistian a las jornadas de salud y nutricion de las aldeas, tambien llamadas jornadas mamta, en los centros sanitarios urbanos y rurales para la atencion prenatal de rutina. Se utilizo una prueba de tolerancia oral a la glucosa y se establecio un limite de glucemia [greater than or equal to]7,8 mmol/l para detectar la diabetes gestacional. Las mujeres con diabetes gestacional fueron remitidas para recibir asesoramiento y tratamiento y se realizo un seguimiento de todas ellas hasta 6 semanas despues del parto. Resultados De 53 522 mujeres embarazadas sometidas a cribado, 6786 (12,7 %) tenian diabetes gestacional y fueron remitidas para recibir un tratamiento nutricional o medicamentos; 836 (12,3 0/o) de estas mujeres iniciaron la medicacion. No hubo diferencias significativas en la prevalencia de mortinatos entre las mujeres con diabetes gestacional (0,8 %; 54/6786) y las mujeres que no la padecian (0,7 %; 338/46 736; valor de p: 0,51). De las mujeres en tratamiento, 38 tuvieron una glucemia anormal despues del parto y continuaron con los medicamentos. Dos mujeres con diabetes gestacional murieron; tenian otras comorbilidades asociadas: preeclampsia y anemia. Conclusion Se detecto una alta prevalencia de diabetes gestacional, lo que indica la necesidad de realizar el cribado de la diabetes gestacional y de aplicar este proyecto a mayor escala. El cribado de la diabetes gestacional a nivel local es factible desde el punto de vista operativo utilizando los recursos humanos y la infraestructura existentes en los programas de salud reproductiva., Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined by the American Diabetes Association as, 'Any degree of glucose intolerance with its onset or first recognition during pregnancy.' (1) If not diagnosed and [...]

Published
2022
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46. Haematophysiological Study of Transfusion Dependent Beta-thalassaemia Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Odisha, India

Author

Bhagyalaxmi Das, Bishnu Prasad Dash, Dharma Niranjan Mishra, and Rabindra Kumar Jena

Subjects
anaemia, haemoglobin variants, beta-globin gene, Microbiology, QR1-502, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Introduction: The Transfusion Dependent Beta-thalassaemia (TDT) is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects the red blood cells, both in the decreased as well as absence in production of Adult Haemoglobin (HbA) and characterised by severe anaemia, splenomegaly and bone deformities and require lifelong transfusion therapy, iron chelation and/ or bone marrow transplantation for successful control. Aim: To evaluate the haematophysiological status of various TDT patients. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Hematology Department of SCB Medical College and Hospital Cuttack, Odisha, India. The study was done in the duration of 10 months, from April 2021 to January 2022. The blood samples were collected from 62 diagnosed cases of Beta-thalassaemia. Haematophysiological parameters were studied by asking research questionnaire developed for this purpose and analysing various clinical complaints and laboratory data. The haemoglobin variants were analysed by fully automated capillary zone electrophoresis to confirm the diagnosis of homozygous state of Beta-thalassaemia by decreased or absence of globin chain synthesis (HbA2) of the haemoglobin component. The data was anlysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Results: In the present study majority of the patients 39 (62.9%) were below the age of 10 years. The clinical examination showed anaemia in all the patients with haepatomegaly and splenomegaly in 51 (82.25%) and 57 (91.93%) cases respectively. The mean haemoglobin was markedly decreased to 5.98±1.69 ranged from 3 gm% to 10 gm% followed by Foetal Haemoglobin (HbF) was raised up to 78.39±26.73% (normal absent to 0.02%) and adult haemoglobin (HbA2) was increased up to 8.00±5.72 (normal 95% to 98%). Conclusion: TDT is one of the commonest haemoglobinopathy causing major health problem. Common sign and symptoms includes low-grade fever, severe anaemia and haepatosplenomegaly. The Present study helped the families having TDT beta thalassaemia for early detection and avail the facilities given by Government of Odisha.

Published
2023
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47. Homogametic

Author

Yadav, Manohar Lal, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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48. Genotype

Author

Giri, Prerna, Mohapatra, Bhagyalaxmi, Gautam, Akash, Section editor, Vonk, Jennifer, editor, and Shackelford, Todd K., editor

Published
2022
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50. One‐Pot Synthesis of [(l‐GluA)‐b‐(PCL)]‐Based Diblock Copolymer and Solvent‐Assisted Multifaceted Capsules as Potential Cargo Payload for Nanomedicines.

Author

Pawar, Chander Amgoth, Bura, Raju, Luo, David Xu, Mohan, Murali, Rokkala, Divya, Rani, Rampilla Sudha, Bhagyalaxmi, Gundeti, Mannam, Krishna Veni, Krupanidhi, Z T Anitha, and Malavath, Tirupathi

Subjects
APOPTOSIS, SCANNING electron microscopy, DIMETHYL sulfoxide, AMINO acids, NANOMEDICINE, POLYCAPROLACTONE
Abstract

This study shows that the synthesis of di‐BCP between amino acid l‐glutamic acid (l‐GluA) and hydrophobic polycaprolactone (PCL) leads to multifunctional and multifaceted capsule formation with different dispersion solvents. Successful synthesis of [(l‐GluA)‐b‐(PCL)] was confirmed by using FTIR and 1H NMR characterizations. For morphological studies, synthesized di‐BCP of [(l‐GluA)‐b‐(PCL)] was dispersed in four different solvents such as acetone, DMSO, IPA, and ethanol and was used for sample preparation for SEM imaging. Interestingly, smooth‐surfaced NPs (defined as type I NPs), rough‐surfaced NPs (type II NPs), porous NPs (type III NPs), and football‐type deep excavation having NPs (defined as type IV NPs). Furthermore, these NPs were characterized through BET, AFM, and DLS for particle size and ζ potential of NPs. LC for types III and IV NPs was calculated to be 1.96% ± 0.01% and 1.92% ± 0.01%, respectively. EE of types III and IV NPs was calculated to be 91% ± 1.5% and 94% ± 1.2%. We used K562 (leukemia blood cancer) and HEK293 (embryonic kidney) cells for in vitro studies. DOX@[(l‐GluA)‐b‐(PCL)] nanoformulation related to types III and IV NPs shows significant early apoptosis that is, 29.17%, which is a remarkable programmed cell death for these porous nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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