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Background The present study is aimed to compare the osteoblastic activity in periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with and without the platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane by evaluating the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), alkaline phosphate (ALP) levels and also to explore the efficiency of PRF membrane in terms of healing. Methods A split-mouth randomized controlled trial, which comprised 16 sites, was randomly treated with PAOO + PRF membrane and PAOO alone. The primary outcome was to analyze the GCF ALP levels at baseline, 3rd, week, 5th week (2 weeks after surgery, 1 h before and after activation), 7th week (4 weeks after surgery), and 9th week (6 weeks after surgery). The clinical parameters (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], bleeding index [BI]) were assessed at baseline, 3rd week, 15th week, and 27th week. Healing index was recorded at 4th week (1 week after surgery), 5th week (2 weeks after surgery), and 7th week (4 weeks after surgery). Results There was a statistically significant increase in GCF ALP levels (p Conclusions Within the limitations of this split-mouth study, PRF membrane showed significant osteoblastic activity in the 5th week (2 weeks after PAOO) with the increased GCF ALP levels and accelerated healing in the 1st week after PAOO. They also maintained post-orthodontic stability until 18 months.

Background: Dentin hypersensitivity is described as “short sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to various stimuli typically thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic or chemical and cannot be ascribed to any other form of dental defect or disease.” Dentine hypersensitivity can be treated with various desensitizing agents ,where oral rinse has a promising effect in delivering the therapeutic effect all over the tooth surface including interproximal areas, as they can flow and reach areas where toothpastes are not much effective, hence the occlusion of dentinal tubules using Ayurdhantam medicated an herbal mouthwash was evaluated. Methodology: Twenty such dentinal blocks were obtained; the surfaces of each dentin block were polished using a silicon carbide disc for 30 s to create a basic smear layer. The smear layer is finally detached by applying 17% EDTA solution onto the dentin blocks for 5 min to ensure the patency of the dentinal tubules, following which they were rinsed with distilled water. The specimens were placed into the Ayurdhantam solution (medicated) for 2 min every day for 7 days. The specimens were stored in artificial saliva during the study. The specimens were analyzed under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for the occlusion of dentinal tubules. Results: SEM images showed the partial occlusion of the tubules and a large amount of smear layer. Conclusions: Based on this in vitro experiment carried out, it is shown that Ayurdhantam-medicated mouthwash can be used for treating dentine hypersensitivity effectively.

Introduction: Several studies have found that certain diseases are associated with ABO blood groups. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation of ABO Rh blood group with dental malocclusion in the population of Mysuru. Materials and Methods: In this study patients of 15–28 years of age will be selected, irrespective of gender from the hospital, Mysuru. It is an observational study with a duration of 3–4months. A total of 278 subjects between the age group of 15-28 years who visited the JSS hospital, Mysuru were recruited for this study. The maxillary and mandibular molar relation of teeth in maximum intercuspation using Angle’s classification were recorded. Blood group was evaluated using the ABO blood grouping system. Mean, Standard deviation, frequency, percentage were used for descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was used for inferential statistics. Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS), version 16 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 278 people ‘O’ blood group was found to be most commonly associated with Angle’s Class I malocclusion (71.3%). Class II div I and div II was found to be more common in ‘A’ blood group (42.68%) and (4.9%) respectively. Class III being most common in ‘B’ blood group (6.5%). Conclusions: A significant correlation exists between blood group and malocclusion. The prevalence of malocclusions being highest in blood group O, followed by A, B and AB in Mysuru. Class II div I malocclusion was more prevalent in ‘A’ followed by ‘B’ blood group.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) being a pandemic has affected us by affecting our mental health, creating confusion and uncertainties. Every human being is different and thus each of us reacts differently. It can be a positive or negative feeling. It is important to understand what we are feeling and how do we lead to a change. A simple understanding of how every action will have a positive side toward it will lead us to a happier and healthier place to live. Certainly, this COVID-19 has given us a cleaner and greener environment and that is a positive takeaway from this pandemic.

Orofacial pain is one the commonest chronic oral health disorder. Yet, its complete management is still a researchable matter as it is a disorder which is caused due to various factors. It is very rare is find a single etiology leading to orofacial pain. It often encompasses multiple etiological factors. Hence it is important to understand that not one but multiple healthcare professionals are needed for its successful outcome and thus forming an interprofessional management team becomes important.

What is Sleep Disordered Breathing? What are the causes of Sleep Disordered Breathing? What role does an Orthodontist play? The article aims at answering such questions and spreading the ideology and seriousness of this disorder. Normal sleep involves air passing through and going directly down to the lungs. With an obstructed airway, the structures in the back of the throat occlude the airway due to an inadequate motor tone of the tongue and airway dilator muscles, and thus, prevent the air from passing.

Health is the extent of functional or metabolic regulation of a living body. Many researchers have shown that oral health is directly related to the systemic condition of a person. The various researches done has shown that there is an increase in need for orthodontic treatment in most of the countries. Hence judicious planning of providing orthodontic services on a population basis is necessary to appraise the requirement of resources and manoeuvre for providing such a service. How to cite this article: Avinash B, Shivalinga BM, Balasubramanian S, Shekar S, Chandrashekar BR, Avinash BS. Orthodontic Treatment Needs of 12-year-old School-going Children of Mysuru District, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(4):307-316.

Objective: Beauty is often considered as one of the most pleasant aspects of life, and its influence is often almost unavoidable. A person’s dental appearance has a significant bearing on his psychological well-being. The various research studies conducted in India have shown prevalence of malocclusion ranging from 20 to 55%. Method: A cross-sectional Descriptive survey was planned in the school children of Mysuru district. The sample size was 840 subjects. To assess the prevalence of malocclusion and different types of malocclusion present, DHC of the IOTN was used. GIS mapping of prevalence and frequency of different malocclusions was done using Arc GIS software. Results: The IOTN classification reveals that among 409 Boys, 121 (29.6%) had definite need for orthodontic treatment. Among 436 girls, 124 (28.4%) had definite need for orthodontic treatment. There was no statistically significant difference with regard to orthodontic treatment need between boy and girl study participants in the present study (p = 0.53). Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion is 58.2 & and displacement is the commonest type of malocclusion present.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition affecting teeth resulting in progressive destruction of periodontal ligaments, resorption of alveolar bone and loss of teeth. Treatment of periodontitis includes surgical and non surgical management. Systemic antibiotics are also used for the treatment of periodontitis. The aim of this research was to formulate smart gel system of azithromycin (AZT) and to evaluate in vitro and in vivo for non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis. Azithromycin dihydrate, used systemically in the treatment of periodontitis, was formulated into smart gels using biodegradable, thermosensitive polymer Pluronic® F-127 (PF-127) and Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose (HEC) as copolymer. The prepared smart gels were evaluated for sterility, content uniformity, gelation temperature and time, syringeability, rheological behavior, in vitro diffusion and in vivo efficacy in human patients. The prepared smart gels were clear and transparent, sterile, thermoresponsive and injectable. Viscosity of gels increased with increase in concentration of polymer/co-polymer and also with temperature. They gelled in short response time below the body temperature. In vitro release studies showed controlled drug release which was influenced significantly by the properties and concentration of PF-127 and HEC. In vivo efficacy studies showed a significant improvement (p

Objective: This clinical study compared the effects of an antibacterial regimen, comprising a triclosan toothpaste and a 0.075% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) mouthrinse, on malodor, self-reported malodor, and oral hygiene measures such as dental plaque, gingivitis, and bleeding relative to brushing with a fluoride toothpaste. Materials and Methods: At baseline, 36 subjects were evaluated for malodor (9-point organoleptic scale [OLT]), dental plaque (Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein; PI), gingivitis (Lφe-Silness; GI) and bleeding (Ainamo and Bay; BI) and randomized to (1) tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste, or (2) a regimen comprising tooth brushing with a triclosan toothpaste and mouth rinsing with CPC mouthrinse. After the first use of assigned treatments, subjects were evaluated for malodor 2 h after breakfast (OLT-2 h) and used provided treatments for the next 14 days. On the 7 th and 14 th days, subjects refrained from oral hygiene for 12 h before evaluations (OLT, PI, GI, and BI) and then performed oral hygiene at the dental clinic. Subjects were evaluated for malodor 2 h after breakfast (OLT-2 h) and self-assessed their malodor on a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS). Results: Treatment groups demonstrated no significant differences in OLT, PI, GI, BI at baseline (P > 0.05). OLT-2 h scores after the first use of regimen and after tooth brushing alone were 5.94 and 6.21, respectively, and were statistically significantly different (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, the regimen demonstrated progressive reductions in OLT and OLT-2 h on the 7 th and 14 th day evaluations (5.81, 4.88, and 5.09, 4.20, respectively) and were significantly lower than after tooth brushing alone (6.49, 6.18, and 6.35, 5.99, respectively) (P < 0.05). From the 7 th to 14 th days, the regimen also demonstrated progressively lower PI, GI, BI, and self-reported malodor (VAS scores) which were significantly lower than tooth brushing alone (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Results from this study demonstrated that a regimen comprising a triclosan toothpaste and CPC mouthrinse demonstrated significant malodor reductions 2 h after the first use and progressively increasing reductions in malodor, dental plaque, gingivitis, bleeding and self-reported malodor from the 7 th to 14 th days than tooth brushing alone.

Orthodontic treatment aims at providing an acceptable functional and esthetic occlusion. Tooth movements are strongly related to interactions of teeth with their supportive periodontal tissues. In recent years, due to the increased number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment, orthodontists frequently face patients with periodontal problems. Esthetic considerations, such as uneven gingival margins or functional problems resulting from inflammatory periodontal diseases, should be considered in the orthodontic treatment planning. The purpose of this article is to provide a dental practitioner with basic understanding of the interrelationship between periodontics and orthodontics and also to highlight the orthodontics and periodontics interface in clinical practice for optimized treatment outcomes.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) related to orthodontic treatment among college students in rural and urban areas of Mysore, India. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire study conducted among college students in rural and urban areas of Mysore, India, over 2 months from August to September 2015. The sample size was estimated using nMaster software. One government and one private college each in rural and urban areas of Mysore were selected based on administrative convenience. All eligible participants from these colleges were recruited. A sixteen-item questionnaire was developed and validated. This predesigned and validated, self-administered, structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Results: Four hundred and forty-one college students participated in the present study. 89.3% of the participants were aware about malalignment of teeth. The awareness was significantly higher among females and those in urban areas. 39.2% of the study participants expressed willingness to undergo orthodontic treatment even if treatment duration extends up to 1–2 years with no significant difference in relation to gender and area of residence. 14.1% of the study participants have undergone treatment for malalignment of teeth with no significant difference between males and females. However, a significantly higher percentage of participants from urban areas have undergone treatment. Conclusion: The KAP related to orthodontic treatment was significantly higher among females and those in urban areas. This highlights the need to augment orthodontic awareness programs in rural areas.

Objectives: To study the gingival biotype and its relation to maxillary and mandibular incisor inclination and its relation to dentopapillary complex. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 consecutive patients seeking orthodontic treatment at JSS Dental College, Mysore. Gingival biotype was assessed for maxillary and mandibular incisors using a digital vernier caliper. Maxillary and mandibular incisors' inclination and position were measured using cephalometric analysis. Parameters of dentopapillary complex were recorded from the dental casts. Results: The prevalence of thin gingival biotype was 42.66% for maxillary and 39.33% for mandibular incisors. A significant association was found between mandibular incisor inclination and thin gingival biotype, whereas there was no association between maxillary incisor inclination and gingival biotype. There was a significant correlation between gingival biotype and crown length, area of papilla, area of crown, and papilla length with P = 0.001 each. Conclusion: Mandibular incisor proclination is associated with thin gingival biotype, whereas no association is found in the maxilla. The correlation between gingival biotypes and dentopapillary complex is confirmed in this study. Evaluation of gingival biotype is of paramount importance during treatment planning for orthodontic patients.

Introduction: The various research studies conducted in India have shown the prevalence of malocclusion ranging from 20% to 55%. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the orthodontic treatment need of school going children of Mysuru district and to assess the perceptive need of orthodontic treatment using mapping of malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive survey was conducted among 12-year-old schoolgoing children of Mysuru district. The orthodontic need has been assessed with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), and the mapping of malocclusion has been done with the use ArcGIS software version 9.3. With SPSS Version 16, frequency, descriptive, cross-tabulations (Contingency table analysis), and Chi-square test have been applied. Results: Among 409 boys, 163 (39.9%) had a little need, whereas 125 (30.6%) had a moderate need and 121 (29.6%) had a definite need for orthodontic treatment. Among 436 girls, 190 (43.6%) had little, whereas 122 (28%) had moderate need and 124 (28.4%) had definite need for orthodontic treatment (P = 0.53). Moreover, the overall perceptive need for orthodontic treatment need was only 35.6%. Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the studied sample is 58.2%. There is a general lack of awareness regarding orthodontic treatment as assessed by esthetic component of IOTN index. This study also found that Geographic Information System is a valuable tool for mapping of malocclusion and thus must be considered for studies related to public health.

Eco-friendly dentistry is currently transforming the medical and dental field to decrease its affect on our natural environment and reduce the amount of waste being produced. Eco-friendly dentistry uses a sustainable approach to encourage dentists to implement new strategies to try and reduce the energy being consumed and the large amount of waste being produced by the industry. Many reasonable, practical and easy alternatives do exist which would reduce the environmental footprint of a dental office were it to follow the ‘green’ recommendations. Dentist should take a leading role in the society by implementing ‘green’ initiatives to lessen their impact on the environment This article provides a series of ‘green’ recommendations that dentists around the world can implement to become a leading Stewards of the environment. How to cite this article Avinash B, Avinash BS, Shivalinga BM, Jyothikiran S, Padmini MN. Going Green with Eco-friendly Dentistry. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(4):766-769.

Maxillary canine is one of the most common teeth that are impacted. This accounts for 1-2% of all patients who attend orthodontic treatment. The key to achieve maximal eruption of these teeth is their surgical exposure and the role of periodontist in such situations is to provide a functional and satisfactory width of attached gingiva on the labial surface. There are different techniques to surgically expose the impacted teeth, namely--gingivectomy technique, apically positioned flap, closed eruption technique, modified apically positioned flap, double pedicle flap and free gingival graft. Selection of the procedure is dependent on the positioning of the tooth in relation to mucogingival junction and attached gingiva. In the present case series we describe three different techniques for uncovering of impacted teeth, which are apically positioned flap, closed eruption technique and a modified double pedicle graft specially planned for the situation. These procedures when selected diligently using sound selection criteria will create adequate width of attached gingiva which minimizes or eliminates the future mucogingival problems.

This article describes the treatment of a young adult male with a concave profile, skeletal class III malocclusion because of a prognathic mandible and proclined upper incisors. The therapy included stages: 1. Pre-surgical orthodontics involving leveling and aligning of upper and lower arches, protraction of lower molars and retraction of upper incisors; 2. Surgical phase involving BSSO with mandibular setback and 3. Post-surgical orthodontics for finishing and detailing. The treatment lasted 23 months and improved facial esthetics significantly The treatment resulted in a functional occlusion with a lack of lateral cuspid guidance that could be accepted considering the difficulty of the case. Over jet and overbite are within norms.