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1. Enhancing European capabilities for application of multi-omics studies in biology and biomedicine space research

Author

European Space Agency, NASA Astrobiology Institute (US), University of Nottingham, Medical Research Council (UK), Comunidad de Madrid, Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Cahill, Thomas [0000-0003-3607-6069], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Leys, Natalie [0000-0002-4556-5211], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Mastroleo, Felice [0000-0002-9815-8038], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Mieczkowski, Jakub [0000-0002-2091-012X], Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A. [0000-0002-2240-1951], Siew, Keith [0000-0002-6502-5095], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Walsh, Stephen B. [0000-0002-8693-1353], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Manzano, Aranzazu, Weging, Silvio, Bezdan, Daniela, Borg, Joseph, Cahill, Thomas, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Cope, Henry, Deane, Colleen S., Etheridge,Timothy, Giacomello, Stefania, Hardiman, Gary, Leys, Natalie, Madrigal, Pedro, Mastroleo, Felice, Medina, F. Javier, Mieczkowski, Jakub, Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A., Siew, Keith, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Walsh, Stephen B., Da Silveira, William A., Herranz, Raúl, European Space Agency, NASA Astrobiology Institute (US), University of Nottingham, Medical Research Council (UK), Comunidad de Madrid, Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Cahill, Thomas [0000-0003-3607-6069], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Leys, Natalie [0000-0002-4556-5211], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Mastroleo, Felice [0000-0002-9815-8038], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Mieczkowski, Jakub [0000-0002-2091-012X], Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A. [0000-0002-2240-1951], Siew, Keith [0000-0002-6502-5095], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Walsh, Stephen B. [0000-0002-8693-1353], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Manzano, Aranzazu, Weging, Silvio, Bezdan, Daniela, Borg, Joseph, Cahill, Thomas, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Cope, Henry, Deane, Colleen S., Etheridge,Timothy, Giacomello, Stefania, Hardiman, Gary, Leys, Natalie, Madrigal, Pedro, Mastroleo, Felice, Medina, F. Javier, Mieczkowski, Jakub, Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A., Siew, Keith, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Walsh, Stephen B., Da Silveira, William A., and Herranz, Raúl

Abstract

Following on from the NASA twins’ study there has been a tremendous interest in the use of omics techniques in spaceflight. The individual space agency’s, NASA’s GeneLab, JAXA´s ibSLS and ESA-funded Space Omics Topical Team and the International Standards for Space Omics Processing (ISSOP) group have established several initiatives to support this growth. Here, we present recommendations from the Space Omics Topical Team to promote standard application of space omics in Europe. We focus on four main themes: i) continued participation in and co-ordination with international omics endeavours; ii) strengthening of the European space omics infrastructure including workforce and facilities; iii) capitalizing on the emerging opportunities in the commercial space sector, and iv) capitalizing on the emerging opportunities in human subjects research.

Published
2023

2. Challenges and considerations for single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomics sample collection during spaceflight

Author

European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Swedish Research Council, Overbey, Eliah G. [0000-0002-2866-8294], Das, Saswati [0000-0002-4548-0066], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Andrusivova, Zaneta [0000-0002-4350-2524], Frapard, Solène [0000-0002-2649-7225], Klotz, Rebecca [0000-0001-7093-8086], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Park, Jiwoon [0000-0003-0045-1429], Chirko, Dawn [0000-0002-8879-3652], Galazka, Jonathan M. [0000-0002-4153-0249], Costes, Sylvain V. [0000-0002-8542-2389], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Borg, Joseph [0000-0002-0270-3098], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Overbey, Eliah G., Das, Saswati, Cope, Henry, Madrigal, Pedro, Andrusivova, Zaneta, Frapard, Solène, Klotz, Rebecca, Bezdan, Daniela, Gupta, Anjali, Scott, Ryan T., Park, Jiwoon, Chirko, Dawn, Galazka, Jonathan M., Costes, Sylvain V., Mason, Christopher E., Herranz, Raúl, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Borg, Joseph, Giacomello, Stefania, European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Swedish Research Council, Overbey, Eliah G. [0000-0002-2866-8294], Das, Saswati [0000-0002-4548-0066], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Andrusivova, Zaneta [0000-0002-4350-2524], Frapard, Solène [0000-0002-2649-7225], Klotz, Rebecca [0000-0001-7093-8086], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Park, Jiwoon [0000-0003-0045-1429], Chirko, Dawn [0000-0002-8879-3652], Galazka, Jonathan M. [0000-0002-4153-0249], Costes, Sylvain V. [0000-0002-8542-2389], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Borg, Joseph [0000-0002-0270-3098], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Overbey, Eliah G., Das, Saswati, Cope, Henry, Madrigal, Pedro, Andrusivova, Zaneta, Frapard, Solène, Klotz, Rebecca, Bezdan, Daniela, Gupta, Anjali, Scott, Ryan T., Park, Jiwoon, Chirko, Dawn, Galazka, Jonathan M., Costes, Sylvain V., Mason, Christopher E., Herranz, Raúl, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Borg, Joseph, and Giacomello, Stefania

Abstract

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) have experienced rapid development in recent years. The findings of spaceflight-based scRNA-seq and SRT investigations are likely to improve our understanding of life in space and our comprehension of gene expression in various cell systems and tissue dynamics. However, compared to their Earth-based counterparts, gene expression experiments conducted in spaceflight have not experienced the same pace of development. Out of the hundreds of spaceflight gene expression datasets available, only a few used scRNA-seq and SRT. In this perspective piece, we explore the growing importance of scRNA-seq and SRT in space biology and discuss the challenges and considerations relevant to robust experimental design to enable growth of these methods in the field.

Published
2022

3. Building the Space Omics Topical Team to boost European space researchers’ role in the international consortia redefining spaceflight-generated datasets

Author

Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Herranz, Raúl, Da Silveira, William A., Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Herranz, Raúl, Da Silveira, William A., Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, and Szewczyk, Nathaniel

Abstract

In a broadening and more competitive space exploration landscape, playing at scale is necessary to obtain results. European researchers share their lessons learned on growing a research program where omics techniques can feed new knowledge, both fundamental and practical, for space exploration. Sending people to new space destinations will require interdisciplinary research centered around omics and personalized medicine, with added constraints of low-gravity and high-radiation environments.

Published
2022

4. Routine omics collection is a golden opportunity for European human research in space and analog environments

Author

European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Swedish Research Council, Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Rutter, Lindsay [0000-0003-2123-3949], Toh, Li Shean [0000-0002-9228-6266], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Muratani, Masafumi [0000-0002-0276-8000], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Cope, Henry, Willis, Craig R.G., MacKay, Matthew J., Rutter, Lindsay, Toh, Li Shean, Williams, Philip M., Herranz, Raúl, Borg, Joseph, Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Muratani, Masafumi, Mason, Christopher E., Etheridge,Timothy, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Swedish Research Council, Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Rutter, Lindsay [0000-0003-2123-3949], Toh, Li Shean [0000-0002-9228-6266], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Muratani, Masafumi [0000-0002-0276-8000], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Cope, Henry, Willis, Craig R.G., MacKay, Matthew J., Rutter, Lindsay, Toh, Li Shean, Williams, Philip M., Herranz, Raúl, Borg, Joseph, Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Muratani, Masafumi, Mason, Christopher E., Etheridge,Timothy, and Szewczyk, Nathaniel

Abstract

Widespread generation and analysis of omics data have revolutionized molecular medicine on Earth, yet its power to yield new mechanistic insights and improve occupational health during spaceflight is still to be fully realized in humans. Nevertheless, rapid technological advancements and ever-regular spaceflight programs mean that longitudinal, standardized, and cost-effective collection of human space omics data are firmly within reach. Here, we consider the practicality and scientific return of different sampling methods and omic types in the context of human spaceflight. We also appraise ethical and legal considerations pertinent to omics data derived from European astronauts and spaceflight participants (SFPs). Ultimately, we propose that a routine omics collection program in spaceflight and analog environments presents a golden opportunity. Unlocking this bright future of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analyses and personalized medicine approaches will require further investigation into best practices, including policy design and standardization of omics data, metadata, and sampling methods.

Published
2022

5. Space omics research in Europe: contributions, geographical distribution and ESA member state funding schemes

Author

European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Medical Research Council (UK), Comunidad de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Swedish Research Council, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Wellcome Trust, Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Leys, Natalie [0000-0002-4556-5211], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Mastroleo, Felice [0000-0002-9815-8038], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A. [0000-0002-2240-1951], Siew, Keith [0000-0002-6502-5095], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Villacampa, Alicia [0000-0002-7398-8545], Walsh, Stephen B. [0000-0002-8693-1353], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Deane, Colleen S., Borg, Joseph, Cahill, Thomas, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Etheridge,Timothy, Hardiman, Gary, Leys, Natalie, Madrigal, Pedro, Manzano, Aranzazu, Mastroleo, Felice, Medina, F. Javier, Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A., Siew, Keith, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Villacampa, Alicia, Walsh, Stephen B., Weging, Silvio, Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Da Silveira, William A., Herranz, Raúl, European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Medical Research Council (UK), Comunidad de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Swedish Research Council, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Wellcome Trust, Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Leys, Natalie [0000-0002-4556-5211], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Mastroleo, Felice [0000-0002-9815-8038], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A. [0000-0002-2240-1951], Siew, Keith [0000-0002-6502-5095], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Villacampa, Alicia [0000-0002-7398-8545], Walsh, Stephen B. [0000-0002-8693-1353], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Deane, Colleen S., Borg, Joseph, Cahill, Thomas, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Etheridge,Timothy, Hardiman, Gary, Leys, Natalie, Madrigal, Pedro, Manzano, Aranzazu, Mastroleo, Felice, Medina, F. Javier, Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A., Siew, Keith, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Villacampa, Alicia, Walsh, Stephen B., Weging, Silvio, Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Da Silveira, William A., and Herranz, Raúl

Abstract

The European research community, via European Space Agency (ESA) spaceflight opportunities, has significantly contributed towards our current understanding of spaceflight biology. Recent molecular biology experiments include “omic” analysis, which provides a holistic and systems level understanding of the mechanisms underlying phenotypic adaptation. Despite vast interest in, and the immense quantity of biological information gained from space omics research, the knowledge of ESA-related space omics works as a collective remains poorly defined due to the recent exponential application of omics approaches in space and the limited search capabilities of pre-existing records. Thus, a review of such contributions is necessary to clarify and promote the development of space omics among ESA and ESA state members. To address this gap, in this review we: i) identified and summarised omics works led by European researchers, ii) geographically described these omics works, and iii) highlighted potential caveats in complex funding scenarios among ESA member states.

Published
2022

6. Revamping Space-omics in Europe

Author

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Grosse, Ivo [0000-0001-5318-4825], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Harridge, Stephen D.R. [0000-0002-8203-0769], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Madrigal, Pedro, Gabel, Alexander, Villacampa, Alicia, Manzano, Aranzazu, Deane, Colleen S., Bezdan, Daniela, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Medina, F. Javier, Hardiman, Gary, Grosse, Ivo, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Weging, Silvio, Giacomello, Stefania, Harridge, Stephen D.R., Morris-Paterson, Tessa, Cahill, Thomas, Da Silveira, William A., Herranz, Raúl, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Grosse, Ivo [0000-0001-5318-4825], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Harridge, Stephen D.R. [0000-0002-8203-0769], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Madrigal, Pedro, Gabel, Alexander, Villacampa, Alicia, Manzano, Aranzazu, Deane, Colleen S., Bezdan, Daniela, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Medina, F. Javier, Hardiman, Gary, Grosse, Ivo, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Weging, Silvio, Giacomello, Stefania, Harridge, Stephen D.R., Morris-Paterson, Tessa, Cahill, Thomas, Da Silveira, William A., and Herranz, Raúl

Published
2020

7. A new era for space life science: international standards for space omics processing

Author

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Philadelphia, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), Rutter, Lindsay [0000-0003-2123-3949], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Gabitto, Mariano [0000-0001-6911-344X], Gebre, Samrawit [0000-0002-8963-4856], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Gilroy, Simon [0000-0001-9597-6839], Green, Stefan J. [0000-0003-2781-359X], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Reinsch, Sigrid [0000-0002-6484-7521], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Galazka, Jonathan M. [0000-0002-4153-0249], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Muratani, Masafumi [0000-0002-0276-8000], Rutter, Lindsay, Barker, Richard, Bezdan, Daniela, Cope, Henry, Costes, Sylvain V., Degoricija, Lovorka, Fisch, Kathleen M., Gabitto, Mariano, Gebre, Samrawit, Giacomello, Stefania, Gilroy, Simon, Green, Stefan J., Mason, Christopher E., Reinsch, Sigrid, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Taylor, Deanne M., Galazka, Jonathan M., Herranz, Raúl, Muratani, Masafumi, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Philadelphia, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), Rutter, Lindsay [0000-0003-2123-3949], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Gabitto, Mariano [0000-0001-6911-344X], Gebre, Samrawit [0000-0002-8963-4856], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Gilroy, Simon [0000-0001-9597-6839], Green, Stefan J. [0000-0003-2781-359X], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Reinsch, Sigrid [0000-0002-6484-7521], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Galazka, Jonathan M. [0000-0002-4153-0249], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Muratani, Masafumi [0000-0002-0276-8000], Rutter, Lindsay, Barker, Richard, Bezdan, Daniela, Cope, Henry, Costes, Sylvain V., Degoricija, Lovorka, Fisch, Kathleen M., Gabitto, Mariano, Gebre, Samrawit, Giacomello, Stefania, Gilroy, Simon, Green, Stefan J., Mason, Christopher E., Reinsch, Sigrid, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Taylor, Deanne M., Galazka, Jonathan M., Herranz, Raúl, and Muratani, Masafumi

Abstract

Space agencies have announced plans for human missions to the Moon to prepare for Mars. However, the space environment presents stressors that include radiation, microgravity, and isolation. Understanding how these factors affect biology is crucial for safe and effective crewed space exploration. There is a need to develop countermeasures, to adapt plants and microbes for nutrient sources and bioregenerative life support, and to limit pathogen infection. Scientists across the world are conducting space omics experiments on model organisms and, more recently, on humans. Optimal extraction of actionable scientific discoveries from these precious datasets will only occur at the collective level with improved standardization. To address this shortcoming, we established ISSOP (International Standards for Space Omics Processing), an international consortium of scientists who aim to enhance standard guidelines between space biologists at a global level. Here we introduce our consortium and share past lessons learned and future challenges related to spaceflight omics.

Published
2020

8. Routine omics collection is a golden opportunity for European human research in space and analog environments

Author

Henry Cope, Craig R.G. Willis, Matthew J. MacKay, Lindsay A. Rutter, Li Shean Toh, Philip M. Williams, Raúl Herranz, Joseph Borg, Daniela Bezdan, Stefania Giacomello, Masafumi Muratani, Christopher E. Mason, Timothy Etheridge, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Swedish Research Council, Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Rutter, Lindsay [0000-0003-2123-3949], Toh, Li Shean [0000-0002-9228-6266], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Muratani, Masafumi [0000-0002-0276-8000], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Cope, Henry, Rutter, Lindsay, Toh, Li Shean, Herranz, Raúl, Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Muratani, Masafumi, Mason, Christopher E., Etheridge,Timothy, and Szewczyk, Nathaniel

Subjects
Artificial intelligence, Space flight -- Computer simulation, Data protection -- Law and legislation, General Decision Sciences, Commercial spaceflight, Multiomics, Space stations -- International cooperation, Longitudinal method, Artificial intelligence -- Case studies, Personalized medicine, International Space Station, biobank, Longitudinal monitoring, Biobanks, Astronaut ethics, Personalized medicine -- Economic aspects, Astronauts, GDPR, European Space Agency
Abstract

16 p.-3 fig.-1 tab., Widespread generation and analysis of omics data have revolutionized molecular medicine on Earth, yet its power to yield new mechanistic insights and improve occupational health during spaceflight is still to be fully realized in humans. Nevertheless, rapid technological advancements and ever-regular spaceflight programs mean that longitudinal, standardized, and cost-effective collection of human space omics data are firmly within reach. Here, we consider the practicality and scientific return of different sampling methods and omic types in the context of human spaceflight. We also appraise ethical and legal considerations pertinent to omics data derived from European astronauts and spaceflight participants (SFPs). Ultimately, we propose that a routine omics collection program in spaceflight and analog environments presents a golden opportunity. Unlocking this bright future of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analyses and personalized medicine approaches will require further investigation into best practices, including policy design and standardization of omics data, metadata, and sampling methods., H.C., R.H., J.B., D.B., S.G., T.E., and N.J.S. are members of the ESA Space Omics Topical Team, funded by the ESA grant/contract 4000131202/20/NL/PG/pt “Space Omics: Towards an integrated ESA/NASA –omics database for spaceflight and ground facilities experiments” awarded to R.H., which was the main funding source for this work. H.C. is also supported by the Horizon Center for Doctoral Training at the University of Nottingham (UKRI grant no. EP/S023305/1). S.G. is supported by the Swedish Research Council VR grant 2020-04864. L.A.R. and M.M. represent the Omics Subgroup of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI funding group “Living in Space” and are supported by JP15K21745, JP20H03234, and 20F20382. L.A.R. is also supported by the JSPS postdoctoral fellowship P20382. We thank Dr. Sarah Castro-Wallace, the NASA GeneLab Animal AWG, ISSOP, ESA Space Omics Topical Team, ESA Personalized Medicine Topical Team, and Global Alliance for Genomic Health (GA4GH) for useful discussions.

Published
2022

9. Space omics research in Europe: contributions, geographical distribution and ESA member state funding schemes

Author

Colleen S. Deane, Willian A. da Silveira, Raúl Herranz, Joseph Borg, Thomas Cahill, Eugénie Carnero-Diaz, Timothy Etheridge, Gary Hardiman, Natalie Leys, Pedro Madrigal, Aránzazu Manzano, Felice Mastroleo, F. Javier Medina, Manuel A. Fernandez-Rojo, Keith Siew, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, Alicia Villacampa, Stephen B. Walsh, Silvio Weging, Daniela Bezdan, Stefania Giacomello, European Space Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Medical Research Council (UK), Comunidad de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Swedish Research Council, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Wellcome Trust, Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Etheridge,Timothy [0000-0002-3588-8711], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Leys, Natalie [0000-0002-4556-5211], Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Mastroleo, Felice [0000-0002-9815-8038], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A. [0000-0002-2240-1951], Siew, Keith [0000-0002-6502-5095], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Villacampa, Alicia [0000-0002-7398-8545], Walsh, Stephen B. [0000-0002-8693-1353], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Deane, Colleen S., Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Etheridge,Timothy, Hardiman, Gary, Leys, Natalie, Madrigal, Pedro, Manzano, Aranzazu, Mastroleo, Felice, Medina, F. Javier, Fernández-Rojo, Manuel A., Siew, Keith, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Villacampa, Alicia, Walsh, Stephen B., Weging, Silvio, Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, Da Silveira, William A., Herranz, Raúl, and Space Omics Topical Team

Subjects
Space flight, Space sciences -- International cooperation, Multidisciplinary, Outer space -- Exploration -- Europe, Space sciences, Omics, Space medicine, Astrobiology, General, European Space Agency, International Space Station, Space biology -- Research
Abstract

18 p.-3 fig.-1 graph. abst., The European research community, via European Space Agency (ESA) spaceflight opportunities, has significantly contributed towards our current understanding of spaceflight biology. Recent molecular biology experiments include “omic” analysis, which provides a holistic and systems level understanding of the mechanisms underlying phenotypic adaptation. Despite vast interest in, and the immense quantity of biological information gained from space omics research, the knowledge of ESA-related space omics works as a collective remains poorly defined due to the recent exponential application of omics approaches in space and the limited search capabilities of pre-existing records. Thus, a review of such contributions is necessary to clarify and promote the development of space omics among ESA and ESA state members. To address this gap, in this review we: i) identified and summarised omics works led by European researchers, ii) geographically described these omics works, and iii) highlighted potential caveats in complex funding scenarios among ESA member states., All listed authors are members of the ESA Space Omics Topical Team, funded by the ESA grant/contract 4000131202/20/NL/PG/pt “Space Omics: Towards an integrated ESA/NASA –omics database for spaceflight and ground facilities experiments” awarded to RH, which was the main funding source for this work. Individual authors also acknowledge support from: the Medical Research Council part of a Skills Development Fellowship [grant number MR/T026014/1] awarded to CSD; the Spanish CAM TALENTO program project 2020-5A_BIO-19724 to MAFR; the Spanish Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Desarrollo Tecnológico Grant RTI2018-099309-B-I00 to FJM, the Swedish Research Council VR grant 2020-04864 to SG and the French Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales grant DAR 2020-4800001004, 2021-4800001117 to ECD. This research was also funded in part by the Wellcome Trust [110182/Z/15/Z] to KS.

Published
2022
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10. Building the Space Omics Topical Team to boost European space researchers’ role in the international consortia redefining spaceflight-generated datasets

Author

Raúl Herranz, Willian da Silveira, Daniela Bezdan, Stefania Giacomello, Nathaniel Szewczyk, Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Herranz, Raúl, Da Silveira, William A., Bezdan, Daniela, Giacomello, Stefania, and Szewczyk, Nathaniel

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

4 p., In a broadening and more competitive space exploration landscape, playing at scale is necessary to obtain results. European researchers share their lessons learned on growing a research program where omics techniques can feed new knowledge, both fundamental and practical, for space exploration. Sending people to new space destinations will require interdisciplinary research centered around omics and personalized medicine, with added constraints of low-gravity and high-radiation environments.

Published
2022

11. Revamping Space-omics in Europe

Author

Willian A. da Silveira, Alicia Villacampa, Pedro Madrigal, Daniela Bezdan, F. Javier Medina, Stefania Giacomello, Gary Hardiman, Thomas J. Cahill, Alexander Gabel, Aránzazu Manzano, Stephen D. R. Harridge, Raúl Herranz, Colleen S. Deane, Ivo Grosse, Eugénie Carnero-Diaz, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, Tessa Eleri Morris-Paterson, Silvio Weging, Madrigal, Pedro [0000-0003-1959-8199], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Madrigal, Pedro, Manzano, Aranzazu, Deane, Colleen S., Bezdan, Daniela, Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie, Medina, F. Javier, Hardiman, Gary, Grosse, Ivo, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Weging, Silvio, Giacomello, Stefania, Harridge, Stephen D.R., Da Silveira, William A., Herranz, Raúl, Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Deane, Colleen S. [0000-0002-2281-6479], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Carnero-Díaz, Eugénie [0000-0002-3771-3106], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Hardiman, Gary [0000-0003-4558-0400], Grosse, Ivo [0000-0001-5318-4825], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Weging, Silvio [0000-0002-8484-4352], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Harridge, Stephen D.R. [0000-0002-8203-0769], Da Silveira, William A. [0000-0001-6370-2884], and Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449]

Subjects
Europe, Histology, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Humans, Cell Biology, Biology, Space (commercial competition), Space Research, Omics, Data science, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

6 p., The authors belong to the ESA Space Omics Topical Team funded by the ESA grant/contract 4000131202/20/NL/PG/pt “Space Omics: Towards an integrated ESA/NASA –omics database for spaceflight and ground facilities experiments” to RH.

Published
2020
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12. A New Era for Space Life Science: International Standards for Space Omics Processing

Author

Jonathan M. Galazka, Sylvain V. Costes, Stefan J. Green, Richard Barker, Lindsay Rutter, Henry Cope, Deanne Taylor, Kathleen M. Fisch, Raúl Herranz, Stefania Giacomello, Daniela Bezdan, Samrawit G. Gebre, Christopher E. Mason, Mariano I. Gabitto, Lovorka Degoricija, Masafumi Muratani, Sigrid Reinsch, Simon Gilroy, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), University of Nottingham, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Philadelphia, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), Rutter, Lindsay, Bezdan, Daniela, Cope, Henry, Gabitto, Mariano, Gebre, Samrawit, Giacomello, Stefania, Gilroy, Simon, Green, Stefan J., Mason, Christopher E., Reinsch, Sigrid, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Galazka, Jonathan M., Herranz, Raúl, Muratani, Masafumi, Rutter, Lindsay [0000-0003-2123-3949], Bezdan, Daniela [0000-0002-1203-8239], Cope, Henry [0000-0002-4984-0567], Gabitto, Mariano [0000-0001-6911-344X], Gebre, Samrawit [0000-0002-8963-4856], Giacomello, Stefania [0000-0003-0738-1574], Gilroy, Simon [0000-0001-9597-6839], Green, Stefan J. [0000-0003-2781-359X], Mason, Christopher E. [0000-0002-1850-1642], Reinsch, Sigrid [0000-0002-6484-7521], Szewczyk, Nathaniel [0000-0003-4425-9746], Galazka, Jonathan M. [0000-0002-4153-0249], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], and Muratani, Masafumi [0000-0002-0276-8000]

Subjects
Metadata, Twins study, Standardization, Omics, General Decision Sciences, Space (commercial competition), GeneLab, Data science, ESA, Space exploration, Perspective, ISSOP, NASA, JAXA, Space biology, Space environment
Abstract

10 p.-2 fig., Space agencies have announced plans for human missions to the Moon to prepare for Mars. However, the space environment presents stressors that include radiation, microgravity, and isolation. Understanding how these factors affect biology is crucial for safe and effective crewed space exploration. There is a need to develop countermeasures, to adapt plants and microbes for nutrient sources and bioregenerative life support, and to limit pathogen infection. Scientists across the world are conducting space omics experiments on model organisms and, more recently, on humans. Optimal extraction of actionable scientific discoveries from these precious datasets will only occur at the collective level with improved standardization. To address this shortcoming, we established ISSOP (International Standards for Space Omics Processing), an international consortium of scientists who aim to enhance standard guidelines between space biologists at a global level. Here we introduce our consortium and share past lessons learned and future challenges related to spaceflight omics., European (D.B., H.C., N.J.S., R.H., and S. Giacomello) contribution is supported by ESA Topical Team “Space Omics: Towards an integrated ESA/NASA –omics database for spaceflight and ground facilities experiments” grant 4000131202/20/NL/PG/pt to R.H. S. Giacomello is supported by Formas grant 2017-01066_3. H.C. is supported by the Horizon Centre for Doctoral Training at the University of Nottingham (UKRI grant no. EP/S023305/1) and by the NASA GeneLab Animal Analysis Working Group. N.J.S. is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX15AL16G). NASA GeneLab members (J.M.G., S.V.C., S.S.R., L.D., S. Gebre) are supported by the NASA Space Biology program within the NASA Science Mission Directorate's (SMD) Biological and Physical Sciences (BPS) Division. R.B. and S. Gilroy are supported by NASA (80NSSC19K0132). L.R. and M.M. represent the Omics Subgroup of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI funding group Living in Space and are supported by JP15K21745, JP15H05940, and JP20H03234. L.R. is supported by JSPS postdoctoral fellowship P20382. D.T. is supported by the Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics and The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute. K.F. is supported by the UC San Diego Department of Medicine and National Institutes of Health, grant UL1TR001442 of CTSA (Clinical and Translational Science Awards). C.E.M. is funded from the WorldQuant Foundation, The Pershing Square Sohn Cancer Research Alliance, and the National Institutes of Health (R01MH117406).

Published
2020

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