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In this article, spatial quaternionic Bertrand curve pairs in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space are examined. Algebraic properties of quaternions, basic definitions and theorems are given. Later, some characterizations of spatial quaternionic Bertrand curve pairs are obtained in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space.

Bu çalışmada antidepresan etken maddesi olan Sitalopram’ın D. melanogaster ömür uzunluğuna ve eşey oranına olumsuz etkileri ve buna karşı C ve E vitamininin koruyuculuğu araştırıldı. Sitalopram’ın 3 farklı dozu (0-1mM) ve C-E vitaminlerinden (25mg/L) oluşturulan gruplara beslenme yolu ile verildi. Döl sayısı deneyi 7 gün süreyle, ömür uzunluğu deneyi 39 gün süreyle uygulandı. Bu çalışmada yer verilen döl sayısı deneylerinde, uygulama gruplarında döl veriminin azalması beklenirken, erişkin sineklerin oluşturduğu döl sayısının kontrol grubu ile yakın sayılarda olduğu gözlemlendi. Ayrıca vitaminli gruplarda ise döl sayısı kontrole kıyasla düşüşe geçti. Bununla birlikte ömür uzunluğu deneyinde kontrol grubunda hayatta kalma yüzdesi %80’lere düşerken Sitalopram’lı gruplarda hayatta kalma yüzdesi %80’nin üzerinde kaldı. Ancak Sitalopram ve vitaminlerin birlikte uygulandığı grupların hayatta kalma oranları %60’lara inerek kontrol grubuna göre düşük seyretti. Sonuç olarak; Sitalopram’ın sineklerin döl sayısını değiştirmediği, ömür uzunluğu deneylerinde ise vitamin ile birlikte alınan ilacın kontrol grubuna kıyasla ömrü olumsuz etkilediği belirlendi.

In this study, for the first time, a method is given for a developable ruled surface to be a constant angle ruled surface. The general equations of constant angle surfaces have been shown in the studies done so far. In this study, a new method is given on how to obtain a constant angled surface when any constant direction is given in Minkowski $3-$space.

In this study, the effect of fractional derivatives, whose application area is increasing day by day, on curve pairs is investigated. As it is known, there are not many studies on a geometric interpretation of fractional calculus. When examining the effect of fractional analysis on a curve, the Conformable fractional derivative that fits the algebraic structure of differential geometry derivative is used. This effect is examined with the help of examples consistent with the theory and visualized for different values of the Conformable fractional derivative. The difference of this study from others is the use of Conformable fractional derivatives and integrals in calculations. Fractional calculus has applications in many fields such as physics, engineering, mathematical biology, fluid mechanics,signal processing, etc. Fractional derivatives and integrals have become an extremely important and new mathematical method in solving various problems in many sciences.

In this present paper, rectifying curves are re-characterized in a shorter and simpler way using harmonic curvatures and some relations between rectifying curves and focal curves are found in terms of their harmonic curvature functions in $n-$dimensional Euclidean space. Then, a rectifying Salkowski curve, which is the focal curve of a given space curve is investigated. Finally, some figures related to the theory are given in the case $n=3$.

Apoptosis is a programmed cell death mechanism, with its presence and absence, directs the progression of most diseases and is targeted in disease treatments. Many factors are influential in the cell's pathway to apoptosis. The defects in these pathways may transform the cell become malignant, and the organism may face a lethal outcome such as cancer. Understanding apoptosis will provide clues in guiding the pathogenesis of diseases. Two main pathway leading to apoptosis, intrinsic and extrinsic, take an active role. Another route is activated by enzymes and enzymes secreted by immune cells such as T and NK. With their initiator and enforcer roles, many caspase molecules are active at critical points in the cell's apoptosis process. In cancer treatments, activation of molecules in these pathways and repair of disrupted pathways are among the target approaches. This review discuss target strategies for inhibiting apoptotic pathways and molecules in cancer cells and the activation of these apoptotic pathways.

The aim of the paper is to find polynomial parametric equations of rectifying Salkowski curves in Minkowski 3-space, via a serial approach. These curves are characterized by according to their curvature; in particular those curves with constant curvature functions and linear harmonic curvature functions are fully characterized. Then, the equations of the rectifying Salkowski curves are obtained as serial solutions of differential equations with third-order polynomial coefficients.

In the present paper, a new type of special curve couple which are called WC^{∗}-partner curves are introduced according to alternative moving frame {N,C,W}. The distance function between the corresponding points of reference curve and its partner curve is obtained. Besides, the angle function between the vector fields of alternative frame of the curves is expressed by means of alternative curvatures f and g. In addition to these, various characterizations are obtained related to these curves.

Bu çalışmada antidepresan etken maddesi olan Sitalopram’ın D. melanogaster ömür uzunluğuna ve eşey oranına olumsuz etkileri ve buna karşı C ve E vitamininin koruyuculuğu araştırıldı. Sitalopram’ın 3 farklı dozu (0-1mM) ve C-E vitaminlerinden (25mg/L) oluşturulan gruplara beslenme yolu ile verildi. Döl sayısı deneyi 7 gün süreyle, ömür uzunluğu deneyi 39 gün süreyle uygulandı. Bu çalışmada yer verilen döl sayısı deneylerinde, uygulama gruplarında döl veriminin azalması beklenirken, erişkin sineklerin oluşturduğu döl sayısının kontrol grubu ile yakın sayılarda olduğu gözlemlendi. Ayrıca vitaminli gruplarda ise döl sayısı kontrole kıyasla düşüşe geçti. Bununla birlikte ömür uzunluğu deneyinde kontrol grubunda hayatta kalma yüzdesi %80’lere düşerken Sitalopram’lı gruplarda hayatta kalma yüzdesi %80’nin üzerinde kaldı. Ancak Sitalopram ve vitaminlerin birlikte uygulandığı grupların hayatta kalma oranları %60’lara inerek kontrol grubuna göre düşük seyretti. Sonuç olarak; Sitalopram’ın sineklerin döl sayısını değiştirmediği, ömür uzunluğu deneylerinde ise vitamin ile birlikte alınan ilacın kontrol grubuna kıyasla ömrü olumsuz etkilediği belirlendi., In the study, the negative effects of Citalopram, which is an antidepressant active ingredient, on D. melanogaster lifespan and sex ratio, and the protection of vitamins C and E against this were investigated. Three different doses of citalopram (0-1mM) and vitamins C and E (25mg/L) were given to the groups by diet. The number of progeny tests was carried out for 7 days, and the longevity test was performed for 39 days. In the progeny number experiments included in this study, it was observed that while the fertility of the treatment groups was expected to decrease, the number of offspring formed by adult flies was close to the control group. In addition, the number of offspring in the vitamin group decreased compared to the control. However, in the longevity experiment, the survival rate in the control group decreased to 80%, while the survival rate in the Citalopram groups remained above 80%. However, the survival rate of the groups in which citalopram and vitamins were administered together was lower than the control group, decreasing to 60%. As a result; It was determined that citalopram did not change the number of offspring of the flies, and in the longevity experiments, the drug taken together with the vitamin affected the lifespan negatively compared to the control group.

A slant helix is a curve for which the principal normal vector field makes a constant angle with a fixed direction. In this study, we solve a system of linear ordinary differential equations involving an alternative moving frame, then determine the position vectors of slant helices through integration in Minkowski 3-space.

Decision making is the action of choosing between two or more options. Multicriteria decision making is a well-known concept that aims to select the best solution among several alternatives in decision making. For this paper have been benefitted from similarity measure for intuitionistic fuzzy sets in multi criteria decision making problem. This application is a method that gives very important and rational results in decision making. In this paper; success ranking of schools has been researched in multi criteria decision making. The aim of this study is to propose an application multi criteria decision making in intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Also from year to year ranking of school success has been determined with multi criteria decision making. Annual change of success of each school has been investigated. This paper is the first research that evaluates with application and offers suggestions in education. This application has been implemented for the first time in Turkey to achieve more consistent and better results. This study is not an educational research, only is an application made in the field of intuitionistic fuzzy logic.

In this study, we focus on Smarandache curves which is a special class of curves. These curves have previously been studied by many authors in different spaces. We will re-characterize these curves with the help of an alternative frame different from Frenet frame. Also, we will obtain frame elements, curvature and torsion of these curves.

In this article, quaternionic curves in 3-dimensional Euclidean space have examined. Firstly, algebraic properties of quaternions and their basic definitions and theorems are given. Later, some characterizations of the quaternionic Mannheim curves in the 3-dimensional Euclidean space have obtained.

In the present paper, the geometric properties of the linearly polarized light wave are researched along an optical fiber using the conformable fractional derivative and integral in 3D Riemannian manifold. Since the optical fiber is supposed to be a one-dimensional object imbedded in a 3D Riemannian manifold, the evolution of a linearly polarized light wave is associated with geometric phase. So, we generate a new type of geometric phase model with fractional derivative. Also, we introduce a magnetic curves which are generated by the electric field E. Finally, examples consistent with the theory are examined and visualized for different values of the conformable fractional derivative. The difference of this study from others is the use of conformal fractional derivatives and integrals in calculations. Fractional calculus has applications in many fields such as physics, engineering, mathematical biology, fluid mechanics, signal processing, etc. Fractional derivatives and integrals have become an extremely important and new mathematical method in solving various problems in many sciences.

In the present paper, we investigate the determinative conditions for the isothermic Hopf cylinders and Hopf tori of spherical helices which are the tangent indicatrices of slant helices. Based on the relationship between geodesic curvature and principal curvatures, the characterizations are obtained by blending the results of inspired references.

Rectifying, normal and osculating curves have been worked on many times in dierent spaces. The aim of this paper is to characterize these curves from another point of view in three dimensional Dual space.

INTRODUCTION: Our aim was to investigate whether Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Mean Platelet Volume parameters (MPV) may be utilized as inflammatory markers of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study was performed on 647 patients who were underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. Clinical and preoperative laboratory data of patients were screened retrospectively. The study and control groups were compared for the parameters NLR, PLR, MPV, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets. RESULTS: Of the 647 patients, 313 were in the CRSwNP group, 334 were in the CRSsNP group. There were 93 individuals in the control group. NLR and PLR levels were significantly higher in study groups compared to control group (p < 0.001). But no statistically significant differences were identified between CRSwNP group and CRSsNP group in terms of NLR, PLR, MPV levels. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We speculate that high NLR and PLR values may be useful inflammatory indicator for CRSwNP and CRSsNP groups. We believe these parameters will have increasing clinical use in the future on treatment options and prognosis.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate clinical presentations, histopathological diagnosis and complications of patients operated for a submandibular gland pathology. Methods: Medical records of 34 patients who were oper­ated for a submandibular gland pathology between 2007 and 2016 years evaluated retrospectively. Results: 21 (61.8%) of these patients were male and 13 (38.2%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 41.7±16.6 years. Post-operative histopathological diagnosis was benign in 30 patients (88.2%), malign in 4 patients (11.8%). In the benign group, diagnosis was sialoalolithiasis in 20 patients, chronic sialoadenitis in 6 patients and pleomorphic adenoma in 4 patients. In ma­lign group, the histopathologic result for all patients was adenoid cystic carcinoma. Complication rate of subman­dibular excision surgery was 11.7%. Marginal mandibular nerve paresis was the most common complication. Conclusion: New surgery methods have been presented in the literature because of the incision scar and marginal mandibular nerve paresis during the transcervical surgi­cal approach. However, submandibular gland excision through transcervical approach is still the most used and safe method.

Most studies focus on elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is little known about the hearing of middle-aged subjects with T2DM. The objective of this study is to evaluate hearing impairment in patients aged 40–50 years with T2DM using pure-tone audiometry and high-frequency audiometry. Forty patients with T2DM (19 males, 21 females) and 40 (20 males, 20 females) age and sex similar controls were included. All subjects completed clinical, laboratory and auditory assessments. Pure-tone audiometry auditory tests and high-frequency audiometry tests were performed in a soundproof room for each ear using the AC-40 audiometer from Interacoustics with a special earphone appropriate for high frequency. In the T2DM group, the duration of T2DM was between 5 and 15 years (7.7 ± 2.4 years). At all frequencies, the thresholds of the T2DM group were higher than the control group for both right and left ears and also significant. However, the thresholds at standard frequencies (125–8000 Hz) for both group's average were lower than 20 dB-HL and were considered to be normal, and at high frequencies (9000–16,000 Hz) the T2DM group's average thresholds were higher than 20 dB-HL and considered to be a hearing loss. A Spearman's correlation test was done between the duration of T2DM and hearing thresholds. There was a mild correlation between the duration of T2DM and hearing thresholds in all frequencies. In conclusion, patients with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of subclinical sensorineural hearing loss. High-frequency audiometry can be used in hearing assessment screening of diabetic patients.

In this paper, we consider nonhelical rectifying curves using the any orthonormal moving frame in Minkowski 3−space. Then, we give some relations between nonhelical rectifying curves and their Darboux vectors. Also, we demonstrate that the modified Darboux vectors of the curves are rectifying curves. So, this study is a general expression for the known rectifying curves. In the last section, we give some examples and draw their pictures.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the pre- and post-operative findings, the procedures performed and the complications in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. METHODS: The files of 135 patients, who had undergone thyroid surgery in the Ear-Nose-Throat Clinic of Dicle University Medical Faculty between January 2008 and January 2016 were retrospectively investigated, and the age, gender and the complaints of the patients, examinations and surgical procedures performed, pathological diagnoses, complications and the duration of follow-up of the patients were recorded. RESULTS: Among the 135 patients, 101 were female (74.8%) and 34 were male (25.2%). The mean age was 43.3±12.3 (range: 7-84) years. Nodules detected on the ultrasonography were single in 39 patients (28.9%) and multiple in 96 patients (71.1%). The most frequently detected nodules on the USG examination were nodules with mixed echogenicity (42.2%) and hypo echoic solid nodules (40.0%), whereas micro-calcification was detected in 20.7% of the patients. The procedures performed were total thyroidectomy in 79 patients, lobectomy+isthmusectomy in 34, completion thyroidectomy in 5, total thyroidectomy+neck dissection in 14, and completion thyroidectomy+neck dissection in 3. The histopathological examination results for the specimens were benign in 95 (70.4%) and malignant in 40 (29.6%). The most common post-operative complication was temporary hypocalcaemia (18 patients; 13.3%). Statistical analysis showed that the presence of micro-calcification and hypo echoic nodule significantly increased the risk of malignancy (p

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the protective role of intratympanically administered dexamethasone on the inner ears of rats that were exposed to streptomycin ototoxicity. Twenty-four adult Wistar albino rats were separated into 4 groups: Group 1 (only streptomycin), Group 2 (only intratympanic dexamethasone), Group 3 (streptomycin and intratympanic dexamethasone), and Group 4 (streptomycin and intratympanic saline). All rats were evaluated with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) tests before the start of treatment and on the day it ended. On the 45th day, after the final DPOAE tests, animals of all groups were sacrificed under general anesthesia. The differences between the amplitudes of DPOAE results were determined, and hearing results were statistically analyzed. Also, the cochleas of each rat were histopathologically evaluated under a light microscope with hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the intratympanic dexamethasone group it was observed that cochlear hair cells were mostly protected. No significant difference was seen between the DPOAE results before and after treatment (p > 0.05). On the other hand, loss was observed in the hearing functions and hair cells of the rats that received streptomycin and streptomycin plus intratympanic saline (p < 0.05). In the streptomycin plus intratympanic dexamethasone group, the cochlear hair cells were partially protected. A significant difference was observed when the DPOAE results (DP-grams) of the streptomycin plus intratypmanic dexamethasone group were compared to those of the streptomycin plus intratympanic saline group (p < 0.05). After the experimental study, ototoxic effects of the administration of streptomycin and intratympanic dexamethasone were observed on the rats’ cochlear hair cells. We conclude that intratympanic dexamethasone has protective effects against this cochlear damage in rats.

Wound healing of the nasal mucosa is a highly complex process that restores the anatomical and functional integrity of tissue that has been exposed to trauma. In this experimental study, our aim was to use histopathological examination to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on the wound healing of rat nasal mucosa after mechanical trauma.The rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups: a non-treated group (n=7), a control saline group (n=7) and a caffeic acid phenethyl ester group (n=7). The non-treated group received no treatment for 15 days. The second group was administered saline (2.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneal) once a day for 15 days. The third group received caffeic acid phenethyl ester intraperitoneally at a dose of 10 μmol/kg once a day for 15 days. At the beginning of the study, unilateral mechanical nasal trauma was induced on the right nasal mucosa of all rats in the three groups using a brushing technique. Samples were stained using hematoxylin and eosin solution and were examined by a pathologist using a light microscope.The severity of inflammation was milder in the caffeic acid phenethyl ester group compared with that in the non-treated and saline groups (P0.05). The subepithelial thickness index was lower in the experimental group (P0.05). Goblet cell and ciliated cell loss was substantially reduced in the experimental group compared with the non-treated and saline groups (P0.05).Caffeic acid phenethyl ester decreases inflammation and the loss of goblet cells and ciliated cells. Therefore, caffeic acid phenethyl ester has potential beneficial effects on the wound healing of nasal mucosa in the rat.

Congenital choanal atresia (CCA) is defined as a congenital failure in the development of communication between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in newborns. It is the most common congenital anomaly of nose. Most of the patients presented with unilateral CCA. Neonates with bilateral CCA have severe respiratory distress after birth. Airway control with orotracheal intubation should be done immediately to save the life of neonate with bilateral CCA. After airway control, surgery should be performed as soon as possible. The aim of surgery is to create a patent nasal passage and to prevent restenosis with minimal morbidity. Transnasal endoscopic surgery of CCA has become the most popular treatment method. The retrospective review of 33 patients with CCA was presented in this study. The patients who were diagnosed at the neonate period and operated on in 6 months after birth were grouped as I (neonate). The patients who were diagnosed 6 months after birth were grouped as II (child-young adult). All patients were treated by transnasal endoscopic surgery. Stent were put in all patients to prevent restenosis. Although the restenosis rate was higher in group I (53.8%) than in group II (23.1%), it did not cause a statistically significant difference. Overall success rate of our surgical approach was 61.5%. Despite the surgical developments and many treatment modalities, restenosis is still the most challenging problem in CCA.

WOS:000357533000014 PubMed: 26223721 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different types of nasal packings on middle ear pressure in patients undergoing septoplasty. MATERIALS and METHODS: Sixty patients who were suffering from nasal obstruction and who had to undergo septoplasty because of nasal septal deviation were included in the study. After the septoplasty, Merocel packings and internal nasal splints were intraoperatively applied in thirty patients each. Middle ear pressure was evaluated by tympanometry. Tympanometric peak pressures were used for this aim. Acoustic impedance measurements were performed in both ears, and the average values of the two ears were calculated. Tympanometric measurements were performed for patients during the preoperative period and on the 2nd and 5th postoperative days. RESULTS: There were 30 (5 females, 25 males; average age 23 years) patients in the internal nasal splint group and 30 (8 females, 22 males; average age 26 years) patients in the anterior Merocel packing group. When the values obtained by acoustic impedancemetry before the operation and on the postoperative 5th day were compared, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The middle ear pressure significantly decreased in the anterior Merocel packing group compared with that in the internal nasal splint group. The intragroup comparison of the acoustic impedance measurements of the internal nasal splint group revealed no significant difference between the preoperative acoustic impedance values and the values obtained on the postoperative 2nd day. CONCLUSION: Cannulated silicone intranasal splints are better in terms of patient comfort after an intranasal surgery without effecting eustachian tube function.

Myringosclerosis is hyalinization and calcification of certain areas of the tympanic membrane, especially the fibrous lamina propria layer and appears as white sclerotic lesions. Ventilation tube insertion is one of the most performed operations in the pediatric otorhinolaryngology practice to treat chronic otitis media with effusion. Myringosclerosis is a very common sequela of ventilation tube insertion. In this experimental study, our aim was to show the histopathological effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on myringosclerosis development in rat tympanic membrane after myringotomy. The rats were randomly categorized into four experimental groups including the comparison group (n = 4), non-treated group (n = 7), the saline (control) group (n = 7), the caffeic acid phenethyl ester group (n = 7). Non-treated group did not receive any treatment for 15 days. Saline (2.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered to the third group once a day for 15 days. Fourth group received caffeic acid phenethyl ester intraperitoneally once a day at a dose of 10 μmol/kg for 15 days. Myringotomy was performed on the right tympanic membrane of all rats except comparison group using a sterile pick with the help of an operating microscope. Histopathological examination of myringosclerosis formation was done by a pathologist under light microscope. In histopathological analysis of groups, the severity of inflammation was milder in caffeic acid phenethyl ester group compared to non-treated and saline groups (p

OBJECTIVE: The evaluation of results and protocols of the newborn hearing screening test in Bolu Izzet Baysal Maternity and Children Hospital.METHODS: 12232 infants born between January 1 2008 and July 30 2012 were applied hearing screening tests in Izzet Baysal Maternity and Children's Health Hospital. Test, has made in two steps. Otoacoustic emission OAE and auditory brainstem response ABR have been used as test. RESULTS: Infant hearing screening test results in a total of 12 232, 12 211 infants 99.8% , hearing test results were normal, 13 infants 0.1% , single-sided, nine infants 0.07% were found in the double-sided hearing loss.CONCLUSION: Newborn hearing screening allows early recognition and early treatment of infants with hearing loss. İf diagnose the first 3 months and the first 6 months instrumentation is provided program is considered successful. Diagnosis and treatment in our country, with the planned expansion of the screening program is increasing the number of babies., AMAÇ: Bolu İzzet Baysal Kadın Doğum ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesi’nde yapılan yenidoğan işitme tarama testi protokolleri ve sonuçlarını değerlendirmek.YÖNTEMLER: : İzzet Baysal Kadın Doğum ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesi’nde 1 Ocak 2008 - 30 Temmuz 2012 tarihleri arasında doğan 12232 bebeğe işitme tarama testi yapılmıştır. Tarama, iki basamak halinde yapılmış olup, test olarak otoakustik emisyon OAE ve işitsel beyin sapı yanıtı ABR testleri kullanılmıştır.BULGULAR: Toplam 12232 bebeğe yapılan işitme tarama testi sonucunda, 12211 bebekte %99.8 işitme testi sonuçları normal bulunmuş, 13 bebekte % 0.1 tek taraflı, 9 bebekte % 0.07 ise çift taraflı işitme kaybı tespit edilmiştir.SONUÇ: Yenidoğan işitme taraması, işitme kayıplı bebeklerin erken tanınmasına ve erken tedavilerine olanak sağlamaktadır. İlk 3 ayda tanı ve ilk 6 ayda cihazlandırma sağlanmışsa program başarılı kabul edilmektedir. Ülkemizde de tarama programının yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte tanı konulup tedavisi planlanan bebek sayısı artmaktadır.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and Mean platelet volume (MPV) values can be used as prognostic and diagnostic markers in laryngeal cancer.Methods: A total of 242 patients with laryngeal pathology were reviewed retrospectively. PLR, MPV and platelet values were compared in patients with benign and malignant pathologies. The correlation of PLR, MPV and platelet values of patients with malignant pathologies with their age, gender, smoking, alcohol use, degree of differentiation, and clinical stage was investigated.Results: The PLR values were significantly higher in smokers (p=0.009), alcohol drinkers (p=0.001), clinical stage IV patients (p=0.001), and patients with poor differentiated laryngeal cancer (p=0.001), compared to nonsmokers, non­alcohol consumers, clinical stage III patients, and patients with well-differentiated laryngeal cancer. MPV values were significantly lower in patients with clinical stage IV (p=0.018), and poor differentiated (p=0.010), laryngeal cancer com­pared to patients with clinical stage III and well-differentiated laryngeal cancer. The PLR value was significantly higher in the malignant group than in the benign group (p

Objective:This study evaluated type D personality, anxiety, depression and personality traits in patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal.Method:A hundred consecutive out-patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal and 100 controls were enrolled in the study. The Type D Scale, the abbreviated form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used for data collection. Patients were also evaluated using the Modified Itch Severity Scale.Results:In all, 43 per cent of patients and 15 per cent of controls met the criteria for a type D personality. Patients with a type D personality had higher anxiety and itching severity but lower extraversion compared with those without a type D personality. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that extraversion and type D personality were independently associated with itch severity.Conclusion:These data suggest that clinicians should consider psychological and personality features when evaluating and treating patients with isolated itching of the external auditory canal.

Postoperative nasal mucosa healing is a highly complex and organized process, and the success rates of endoscopic sinus surgery and septoplasty surgeries are closely associated with the postoperative wound healing processes. In this experimental study, the authors' aim was to use histopathologic examination to investigate the effects of N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) on the wound healing of rat nasal mucosa after mechanical trauma. Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the nontreated group (N = 7), the control saline group (N = 7), and the NAC group (N = 7). No treatment was given to the nontreated group for 15 days. The control saline group received intraperitoneal injection of saline (2.5 mL/kg, intraperitoneal) for 15 days and the NAC group was intraperitoneally injected with NAC at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day for 15 days. At the beginning of the study, unilateral mechanical nasal trauma was induced with an interdental brush inserted through the right nostril in all rats. Samples were stained using hematoxylin and eosin solution, and were examined by a pathologist using a light microscope. The severity of inflammation was milder in the NAC group compared with that in the nontreated and saline groups (P

A 25-year-old female presented with burning and pain in her mouth. A few erythematous patches with slightly raised keratotic band-shaped borders were present on the dorsum of her tongue. Fissures were also observed. History taking revealed good nutritional status, no systemi c diseases and no personal or familial history of psoriasis. Geographic tongue is a benign recurrent condition in which depapillated migratory areas are seen on the tongue. Fissured tongue is characterized by grooves of variable depth on the dorsum of the tongue. These two conditions are discussed in this article

This study aims to compare the olfactory function changes among pregnant women in varying trimesters and non-pregnant women.Thirty-five healthy pregnant women and 14 non-pregnant women were included in the study. Volunteer pregnant women were divided into three subgroups including the first trimester, second trimester, and third trimester. All volunteers were tested with the smell bottle test battery. The content of the test was consistent with the Sniffin' sticks including three detailed olfactory function tests, namely olfactory threshold (OT), olfactory discrimination (OD), and olfactory identification (OI). Total results of these three tests were defined as TDI scores.TDI score and test scores of the pregnant women in the first trimester statistically significantly decreased compared to pregnant women in other trimesters and non-pregnant women (p0.05). Pregnant women in the second and third trimesters had similar olfactory function scores to the non-pregnant women (p0.05).The olfactory function changes are observed in women during pregnancy. In particular, decreased smell sensitivity in the first trimester returns to normal scores towards the end of pregnancy.

Aim of this study; investigate whether neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) could be used as a prognostic factor in larynx cancer. The correlation between preoperative peripheral blood NLR and age, gender, smoking, alcohol use, clinical stage and differentiation degree was examined. One hundered fourty-four patients in Dicle University Department of Otorhinolaryngology between the years of 2005 and 2014 were included in the study. Clinical and preoperative laboratory data of patients were screened retrospectively from archive files of otorhinolaryngology and the pathology results were screened retrospectively from archive files of pathology. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the department and carried out in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki as amended in 2013. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 15.0 software package for Windows (SPSS inc., Chicago, IL, USA). There was a significant difference between NLR and clinical stage (p = 0.003) smoking (p = 0,001) and alcohol use (p = 0.001). When NLR was analyzed in detail according to the degree of tumor differentiation; significant differences were observed between G1 and G2 (p = 0.007) and between G1 and G3 (p = 0.001). Light of these findings, NLR is a cheap and easily accessible marker which can be used as a prognostic faxtor in laryngeal cancer. It is thougkt to shed light on the studies which will be conducted with more patients.

Background/aim The aim of this study was to investigate the etiological role of human papilloma virus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6) and -7 (HHV-7) in the occurrence of nasal polyposis. Materials and methods Nasal polyp samples from 30 patients with nasal polyposis and normal nasal mucosa from 10 patients without nasal polyps were obtained. DNA was extracted from tissues. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for all runs. Results No HSV-1, HSV-2, or VZV was detected in the samples. Among the patient samples, EBV and HHV-7 DNA were detected in 18 (60%), HHV-6 was detected in 20 (66.7%), and HPV was detected in 4 (13.3%) samples. Among the controls, CMV DNA was positive in one (10%). EBV was positive in 5 (50%), HHV-6 and HHV-7 were positive in 7 (70%), and HPV was positive in 2 (20%) samples. No significant difference was found among the groups with any test in terms of positivity. Conclusion The association of Herpesviridae and HPV with the pathogenesis of nasal polyps was investigated in this study and no relationship was found. Thus, these viruses do not play a significant role in the formation of nasal polyps.

Objectives: To compare the size of the nasal septal body (SB) and inferior turbinate (IT) of subjects grouped by sex and age. Method: We measured SB and IT areas (in cm2) bilaterally in computed tomography (CT) sections of 150 paranasal sinuses from 72 males and 78 females. Results: The right and left SB areas were smaller in females than in males. In the ≤ 25-year-old group, the right IT (RIT) was significantly smaller in females than in males. In the 26-35 and 46-45 age groups, the right SB (RSB) was significantly smaller in females than in males. Conclusion: The nasal SB may play a role in nasal physiology similar to a turbinate and help support optimal airflow. The vascular and glandular structures of the SB should be investigated in detail, and minimal invasive procedures should be performed in nasal surgery to avoid damaging essential structures.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral isotretinoin, a drug used in the treatment of acne vulgaris, on hearing function determined by serial audiology examinations. Methods: Forty patients with acne vulgaris were included in this study. Nine patients were excluded from the study because of inconsistent follow-up. The hearing of each participant was tested with pure tone audiometry and transient evoked autoacoustic emissions before and two and four weeks after treatment with isotretinoin (0.3-0.6 mg/kg/day) in the remaining 31 patients (62 ears). Results: The differences between the mean values of the pre-treatment and post-treatment pure tone hearing thresholds at 1000, 2000, 4000 and 6000 Hz frequencies were statistically significant (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment values at 250 and 500 Hz frequencies (p > 0.05). The difference between the pre-treatment and post-treatment signal–noise ratio values of the transient evoked autoacoustic emissions was not significantly different (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of isotretinoin may cause bilateral hearing threshold changes. Further animal and human studies are required to investigate and characterize isotretinoin-induced neurophysiological alterations in hearing.

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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The basic mechanisms involved in the increased cardiovascular risk of OSAS remain unclear. Recent discoveries of fat-secreted substances which serve endocrine roles improve our understanding of the relationship between OSAS, CVD, and the metabolic syndrome. In this study, we aimed to examine associations between omentin levels and OSA.Forty-six newly diagnosed OSA patients and 35 non-apneic controls were enrolled in this study. Demographical data, cigarette smoking status, previous history of chronic diseases including CVD and metabolic diseases and drugs, and habits were obtained using a standardized questionnaire. All patients underwent polysomnographic evaluation. Omentin was measured the following morning.The mean age was 48.1 ± 12.5 (24-74) years in the OSA group and 42.8 ± 14.1 (21-69) years in the control group. Of the 81 patients, 46 (34 males and 12 females) were classified as having OSA and 35 patients (20 males and 15 females) as control. Plasma levels of omentin were found to be markedly higher in OSA patients (570.8 ng/ml) than in the control group (432.0 ng/ml; p 0.001). In addition, plasma levels of omentin were found to be high in all OSA subgroups than in controls. The plasma omentin levels were significantly correlated only with age in patients with OSA.We conclude that circulating omentin levels are elevated in OSA patients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical study that demonstrated the association between omentin and OSA.

WOS:000409558200004 PubMed: 27144229 Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate serum paraoxanase-1 (PON) activity, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and the oxidative stress index (OSI) in tinnitus; and to compare the results with data from healthy subjects. Subjects and Methods: A total of 114 subjects-54 patients with tinnitus and 60 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum PON activity, TOS, TAS, and OSI levels were measured. Results: In the tinnitus group, TAS, and PON were significantly lower than in the control group (p

Background: There are different publications on the relationship between the infections and development of allergic diseases. Aims & Objective: To examine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and allergic rhinitis during childhood. Materials and Methods: 50 dyspeptic patients, 30 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis (overall 48 paediatric and 32 adolescent age groups) additional to 20 children from paediatrics polyclinics as control were included in this study. The serums of all of the patients were studied with respect to existence of specific IgE developed from house dust mites, cat's fur, rye grass and pine tree, using IgG. Results: 33.3% (16/48) of the cases from paediatric group and 31.3% (10/32) of the cases from adolescent group were diagnosed with H pylori IgG positive.10.4% (5/48) of the cases from paediatric group and 31.3% (10/32) of the cases from adolescent group were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Contrary to the paediatric group, the number of the cases diagnosed with allergic rhinitis IgG was significantly more while the number of the cases diagnosed with H pylori IgG positive was less in the adolescent group (p=0.84and p=0.019). Furthermore, the level of specific IgE developed from rye grass (18.8% vs 4.2%) was determined to be significantly higher in the adolescent group than the paediatric group (p=0.033). Conclusion: Contrary to the paediatric group, the number of cases diagnosed with allergic rhinitis is higher while the number of cases diagnosed with H pylori infection is less in adolescents.