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The bottomonium spectrum is the perfect testing ground for the confining potential and unitarisation effects. The bottom quark is about three times heavier than the charm quark, so that $b\bar{b}$ systems probe primarily the short-range part of that potential. Also, the much smaller colour-hyperfine interaction in the $B$ mesons make the $B\bar{B}$ threshold lie significantly higher than the $D\bar{D}$ threshold in charmonium, on a relative scale of course. A further complicating circumstance is that none of the experimentally observed vector $b\bar{b}$ mesons has been positively identified as a $^{3\!}D_1$ state, contrary to the situation in charmonium. This makes definite conclusions about level splittings very problematic. Finally, there are compelling indications that the $\Upsilon(10580)$ is not the $\Upsilon(4S)$ state, as is generally assumed. Here we review an analysis of experimental bottomonium data which show indications of the two lowest and so far unlisted $^{3\!}D_1$ states below the $B\bar{B}$ threshold. Next an empirical modelling of vector $b\bar{b}$ resonances above the open-bottom threshold is revisited, based on the Resonance-Spectrum-Expansion production formalism applied to other experimental data. A recent effective-Lagrangian study supporting our non-resonant assignment of the $\Upsilon(10580)$ is briefly discussed as well., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, presented by G. Rupp at "Excited QCD 2022'', Giardini-Naxos, Italy, 23-29 Oct. 2022

Because of the controversial X(3872) meson's very close proximity to the $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ threshold, this charmonium-like resonance is often considered a meson-meson molecule. However, a molecular wave function must be essentially of a meson-meson type, viz. $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ in this case, with no other significant components. We address this issue by employing a simple two-channel Schr\"odinger model, in which the $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ $c\bar{c}$ and $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ channels can communicate via the $^3P_0$ mechanism, mimicked by string breaking at a sharp distance $a$. Thus, wave functions and their probabilities are computed, for different bound-state pole positions approaching the $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ threshold from below. We conclude that at the PDG X(3872) mass and for reasonable values of $a$, viz. 2.0 to 3.0 GeV$^{-1}$, the $c\bar{c}$ component remains quite substantial and certainly not negligible, despite accounting for only about 6 to 10% of the total wave-function probability, owing to the naturally long tail of the $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}$ component., Comment: Contribution to the International Meeting "Excited QCD", Peniche, Portugal, 06 - 12 May 2012; 6 pages, 2 figures (4 plots), 2 tables, Acta Physica Polonica style

The X(3872) is studied as an axial-vector charmonium state in the multichannel framework of the Resonance-Spectrum-Expansion quark-meson model, previously applied to a variety of other puzzling mesonic resonances. Included are the open-charm pseudoscalar-vector and vector-vector channels, the most important of which is the S-wave $\bar{D}^{*0}D^{0}$ + $D^{*0}\bar{D}^{0}$ channel, which practically coincides with the X(3872) structure. The two free parameters of the model are tuned so as to roughly reproduce the $\chi_{c1}(3511)$ mass as well as the enhancement just above the $\bar{D}^{*0}D^{0}$ / $D^{*0}\bar{D}^{0}$ threshold. The present model is able to describe the shape of the latter data quite well. However, as no dynamical resonance pole is found, the X(3872) and X(3940) cannot be reproduced simultaneously, at this stage. A possible further improvement is discussed., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Acta Physica Polonica B style; plenary talk given by Susana Coito at the workshop Excited QCD 2010, 31 Jan. - 6 Feb. 2010 in Stara Lesna, Slovakia

We study the puzzling vector meson X(2175) in a multichannel generalisation of the Resonance-Spectrum-Expansion model. Besides the usual P-wave pseudoscalar-pseudoscalar, pseudoscalar-vector, and vector-vector channels that couple to mesons with vector quantum numbers, we also include the important S-wave vector-scalar, pseudoscalar-axialvector and vector-axialvector channels, including the observed $\phi$(1020)$f_0$(980) decay mode. The strong coupling to nearby S-wave channels originates dynamically generated poles, two of which come out close to the energy region of the X(2175), viz. at (2.037-i0.170) GeV and (2.382-i0.20) GeV. Further improvements are proposed., Comment: Acta Physica Polonica style, 6 pages, 2 figures (4 plots); plenary talk given by S. Coito at Workshop "Excited QCD", Zakopane, Poland, 8-14 Feb. 2009

A unitarized nonrelativistic meson model which is successful for the description of the heavy and light vector and pseudoscalar mesons yields, in its extension to the scalar mesons but for the same model parameters, a complete nonet below 1 GeV. In the unitarization scheme, real and virtual meson-meson decay channels are coupled to the quark-antiquark confinement channels. The flavor-dependent harmonic-oscillator confining potential itself has bound states epsilon(1.3 GeV), S(1.5 GeV), delta(1.3 GeV), kappa(1.4 GeV), similar to the results of other bound-state qqbar models. However, the full coupled-channel equations show poles at epsilon(0.5 GeV), S(0.99 GeV), delta(0.97 GeV), kappa(0.73 GeV). Not only can these pole positions be calculated in our model, but also cross sections and phase shifts in the meson-scattering channels, which are in reasonable agreement with the available data for pion-pion, eta-pion and Kaon-pion in S-wave scattering., Comment: A slightly revised version of Zeitschrift fuer Physik C30, 615 (1986)

Masses and widths of the four light scalar mesons $\sigma$, $\kappa$, $a_0$(980) and $f_0$(980) may be reproduced in a model where mesons scatter via a $q\bar{q}$ loop. A transition potential is used to couple mesons to $q\bar{q}$ at a radius of $\sim 0.57$ fm. Inside this radius, there is an infinite bare spectrum of confined $q\bar{q}$ states, for which a harmonic oscillator is chosen here. The coupled-channel system approximately reproduces the features of both light and heavy meson spectroscopy. The generation of $\sigma$, $\kappa$, $a_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ is a balance between attraction due to the $q\bar q$ loop and suppression of the amplitudes at the Adler zeros. Phase shifts increase more rapidly as the coupling constant to the mesons increases. This leads to resonant widths which decrease with increasing coupling constant - a characteristically non-perturbative effect., Comment: Plain LaTeX, 10 pages, 3 EPS figures; v2: 11 pages, better-quality figures, extra references, version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B

By comparing SU(3)-breaking scales of linear mass formulae, it is shown that the lowest vector, axial-vector, and scalar mesons all have a $\bar{q}q$ configuration, while the ground-state octet and decuplet baryons are $qqq$. Also, the quark-level linear $\sigma$ model is employed to predict similar $\bar{q}q$ and $qqq$ states. Finally, the approximate mass degeneracy of the scalar $a_0$(980) and $f_0$(980) mesons is demonstrated to be accidental., Comment: 8 Pages, AIP Proc. Style; Contribution to the High-Energy Physics Workshop "Scalar Mesons: an Interesting Puzzle for QCD", May 16-18, 2003, SUNY Institute of Technology, Utica (NY)