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Objective: Tumor-related eosinophilia may have extended survival benefits for some cancer patients. However, there has been no report on the prognosis difference between eosinophilic pleural effusion (EPE) and non-EPE in lung cancer patients. Our study aimed to investigate the prognosis difference between EPE and non-EPE due to lung cancer. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients diagnosed with lung cancer who presented with malignant pleural effusion (MPE) between May 2007 and September 2020 at the National Hospital Organization Kochi Hospital. EPE is defined as pleural fluid with a nucleated cell count containing 10% or more eosinophils. Results: A total of 152 patients were included: 89 were male (59%). The median age was 74.4 years (range 37–101), and all patients were pathologically shown to have MPE. Most patients (140; 92%) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) of 0/1. Twenty patients had EPE. The median overall survival (OS) of all 152 lung cancer patients with MPE was 298 days. The median OS of the patients with EPE was 766 days, and the median OS of the patients with non-EPE was 252 days. Kaplan–Meier univariate analysis showed that lung cancer patients with EPE had a significantly better prognosis than patients with non-EPE (P < 0.05). Cox proportional regression analysis showed that EPE, ECOG PS, sex, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the serum (sNLR) may be independent prognostic factors affecting survival in patients with MPE. Conclusion: Lung cancer patients with EPE have a better prognosis than those with non-EPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The Foxo3 gene, belonging to the forkhead family, is one of the classes of transcription factors characterized by a forkhead DNA-binding domain, which usually considered being a cancer suppressor gene. Circ-Foxo3 is a circular structure which connects the 3’end to the 5’end. Scholars detected that circ-Foxo3 could compete with Foxo3 for binding to some miRNAs. Methods In this study, we will test the expression of Foxo3 and circ-Foxo3 in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients to explore the relationship between Foxo3 gene and circ-Foxo3. All the de novo AML samples and normal control samples was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. A receiver operating characteristic curve was conducted to differentiate AML patients from control people. Association of Foxo3 expression and overall survival was conducted by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results We found that the expression of Foxo3 gene in de novo patients was significantly lower than control samples (P = 0.009). Meanwhile, circ-Foxo3 also expressed lower in de novo AML patients than in control samples (P = 0.040). In different classifications, this trend could be observed more remarkably. In non-M3 patients, the Foxo3 high patients’ survival time was longer than Foxo3 low patients (P = 0.002). Besides, in non-favorable risk groups, patients with low expression of Foxo3 had longer survival time than Foxo3 high patients (P = 0.004). Furthermore, in normal Karyotypic patients, the overall survival time of patients with high-expressed Foxo3 was significantly longer than those with low expression (P = 0.034). Besides, Pearson analysis was also conducted between these two genes in AML patients. Results revealed that they were positively correlated (R = 0.63, P

Purpose: Previous studies have indicated that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels can influence cancer development. The TRPC subfamily consists of seven subtypes, TRPC1 − TRPC7. Interestingly, the expression levels of TRPC1 have been shown to be totally different in different breast cancer cell lines. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we explore the significance of TRPC1 expression in breast cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemical TRPC1 staining was performed in 278 samples. TRPC1 expression in different breast tissues were examined. Then, the influence of TRPC1 on migration, invasion and proliferation was explored. We analyzed the protein of TRPC1 by Western blot to prove which pathway may be involved in. Finally, we use online database to predict the prognosis of TRPC1 in breast cancer. Results: Through immunohistochemistry and in vitro experiments, we found that the expression level of TRPC1 was higher in breast cancer cells as compared with that in normal breast epithelial cells. Moreover, the expression level of TRPC1 was different between estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) and -negative (ER −) breast cancer. It was shown that TRPC1 inhibited MCF7 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Western blotting revealed that TRPC1 inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway and epithelium−mesenchymal transformation, leading to subsequent inhibition of cell proliferation and metastasis. In luminal A and luminal B patients, those with high TRPC1 expression had a better prognosis. On the contrary, in basal-like and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes, patients with high-TRPC1 expression had a worse prognosis. Conclusions: We confirmed that TRPC1 was high expression in breast cancer. Overexpression of TRPC1 inhibits proliferation and migration of ER + breast cancer and gives a better prognosis by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway activation. TRPC1 may be an independent prognostic predictor in breast cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Foxo3 gene, belonging to the forkhead family, is one of the classes of transcription factors characterized by a forkhead DNA-binding domain, which usually considered being a cancer suppressor gene. Circ-Foxo3 is a circular structure which connects the 3'end to the 5'end. Scholars detected that circ-Foxo3 could compete with Foxo3 for binding to some miRNAs.Methods: In this study, we will test the expression of Foxo3 and circ-Foxo3 in de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients to explore the relationship between Foxo3 gene and circ-Foxo3. All the de novo AML samples and normal control samples was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. A receiver operating characteristic curve was conducted to differentiate AML patients from control people. Association of Foxo3 expression and overall survival was conducted by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Results: We found that the expression of Foxo3 gene in de novo patients was significantly lower than control samples (P = 0.009). Meanwhile, circ-Foxo3 also expressed lower in de novo AML patients than in control samples (P = 0.040). In different classifications, this trend could be observed more remarkably. In non-M3 patients, the Foxo3 high patients' survival time was longer than Foxo3 low patients (P = 0.002). Besides, in non-favorable risk groups, patients with low expression of Foxo3 had longer survival time than Foxo3 high patients (P = 0.004). Furthermore, in normal Karyotypic patients, the overall survival time of patients with high-expressed Foxo3 was significantly longer than those with low expression (P = 0.034). Besides, Pearson analysis was also conducted between these two genes in AML patients. Results revealed that they were positively correlated (R = 0.63, P < 0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that low expression of circ-Foxo3 and Foxo3 were frequent in AML patients, and patients with high expression of Foxo3 often had a trend of better prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Next to janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and myeloproliferative leukemia protein, calreticulin (CALR) is a recently discovered mutation present in > 20% of patients diagnosed with primary myelofibrosis (PMF)., Materials and Methods: Six studies published from December 2013 to December 2014 met the inclusion criteria for the present meta-analysis: 2 of an Asian and 4 of a non-Asian population. We assessed the biologic characteristics at diagnosis and investigated overall survival. The analyses were stratified by ethnic origin (Asian vs. non-Asian)., Results: A total of 816 patients with the JAK2 mutation and 307 patients with the CALR mutation were included. The patients with the JAK2 mutation were older than those with the CALR mutation, and no statistically significant difference was noted in the gender distribution of the patients with PMF with the JAK2 versus CALR mutation. Patients with JAK2-mutated PMF had a higher white blood cell count, but no statistically significant evidence was found for a difference in the platelet count or hemoglobin level. No difference was found in thrombosis risk or acute leukemic transformation in those 2 populations. Major differences were found between the Asian and non-Asian populations. The difference in characteristics between JAK2 and CALR was larger in the Asian population than in the non-Asian population (P = .007). Also, in the non-Asian population, those with JAK2 mutation had lower platelet counts than the Asians (P = .06). In the non-Asian population, the patients diagnosed with JAK2-positive PMF had worse overall survival than the patients with CALR-positive PMF, with a combined hazard ratio of 2.43 (95% confidence interval, 1.83-3.22)., Conclusion: The results of the present meta-analysis have confirmed the role of the CALR mutation in the diagnosis of, and as a prognostic tool for, PMF. Our results suggest that patients with the CALR mutation will have better overall survival than patients with the JAK2 mutation in a non-Asian population., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Malignant high-grade gliomas (HGGs), including the most aggressive form, glioblastoma multiforme, show significant clinical and genomic heterogeneity. Despite recent advances, the overall survival of HGGs and their response to treatment remain poor. In order to gain further insight into disease pathophysiology by correlating genomic landscape with clinical behavior, thereby identifying distinct HGG molecular subgroups associated with improved prognosis, we performed a comprehensive genomic analysis., Methods: We analyzed and compared 720 exome-sequenced gliomas (136 from Yale, 584 from The Cancer Genome Atlas) based on their genomic, histological, and clinical features., Results: We identified a subgroup of HGGs (6 total, 4 adults and 2 children) that harbored a statistically significantly increased number of somatic mutations (mean = 9257.3 vs 76.2, P = .002). All of these "ultramutated" tumors harbored somatic mutations in the exonuclease domain of the polymerase epsilon gene (POLE), displaying a distinctive genetic profile, characterized by genomic stability and increased C-to-A transversions. Histologically, they all harbored multinucleated giant or bizarre cells, some with predominant infiltrating immune cells. One adult and both pediatric patients carried homozygous germline mutations in the mutS homolog 6 (MSH6) gene. In adults, POLE mutations were observed in patients younger than 40 years and were associated with a longer progression-free survival., Conclusions: We identified a genomically, histologically, and clinically distinct subgroup of HGGs that harbored somatic POLE mutations and carried an improved prognosis. Identification of distinctive molecular and pathological HGG phenotypes has implications not only for improved classification but also for potential targeted treatments., (© The Author(s) 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)