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WOS: 000239708300004, The aerial parts of 16 individual Artemisia afra plants from four natural populations were hydrodistilled and the essential oil analyzed by GC/MS. The oil composition varied quantitatively and qualitatively within and between natural populations and showed no correlation to the geographical distribution. The antimicrobial activity was demonstrated by means of time-kill methodology using the respiratory pathogens C. neoformans and K pneumoniae. Antimicrobial activity was most prominent within 10 min at concentration 0.75% for K pneumoniae and within 60 min at concentration 1% for C. neoformans. Investigation of the four major compounds most abundant in the A. afra oil (artemisia ketone, 1,8-cineole, alpha- and beta-thujone) indicated minimal antimicrobial activity when investigated independently and in various combinations against K pneumoniae.

The essential oil of Anthemis montana L. (Asteraceae) has been analyzed using GC and GC/MS. Forty-two components were identified. The major fractions belonged to α-thujone (46.9%), β-thujone (16.0%), and trans-chrysanthemyl acetate (11.3%) amounting up to 74.2% of the total oil content. © 1998, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

Response surface methodology was used to optimise experimental conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from Artemisia absinthium. The central composite design was employed, the extracts were characterised by the determination of total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The total phenolic contents of extracts were determined by Folin method and also total antioxidant capacities of extracts were determined by ABTS and CUPRAC methods. The phenolic compounds of A. absinthium at optimum extraction conditions were determined by HPLC-DAD. The optimum conditions were determined as HCl concentration between 0.41 and 0.44 mol/L, methanol volume between 55% and 59% (v/v), extraction temperature between 64 and 70 degrees C, extraction time between 101 and 107 min. The experimental values agreed with those predicted within a 95% confidence level, thus indicating the suitability of response surface methodology in optimising the ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from A. absinthium.

Essential oils from aerial parts of several Artemisia arborescens L. populations, collected in five different localities of Sicily, were analyzed by gas chromatograph–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in order to study the chemical composition and its variability due to phenological stage. Forty-three compounds, accounting for more than 92% of the oil, were identified. Monoterpene fraction with the exception of Petru population was higher than the sesquiterpene fraction. β-Thujone (20.5–55.9%), chamazulene (15.2–49.4%), camphor (1.3–10.7%) and germacrene D (2.3–3.4%) were the main compounds. Chemical composition was influenced by phenological stage, with an increase in the monoterpene fraction at flowering stage; both in flowering and vegetative stages, the main compounds were always the oxygenated monoterpene β-thujone and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon chamazulene.

Since 19th century, a controversial discussion is going on about thujone, a characteristic component of the essential oil of the wormwood plant Artemisia absinthum L., Salvia officinalis and other, which are commonly used in production process of alcoholic beverages such as wormwood flavoured spirit or bitter liqueur. After consuming alcoholic beverages, thujone is considered to be responsible for possible mental disorder, including the symptoms of hallucinations, sleeplessness and convulsions. In order to define the stability of α-thujone and ß- thujone this research has been conducted by using Croatian traditional bitter liqueur „Pelinkovac“. The results showed that the portion of α-thujone and ß-thujone in Croatian traditional bitter liqueur „Pelinkovac“ decrease as product becomes more mature. Portion of α-thujone decrease from 24, 52-24, 53 mg/l a.a. to 15, 81-22, 09 mg/l a.a. after first year and to 14, 03-19, 97 mg/l a.a. after three years. Content of ß-thujone decrease from 24, 38-24, 39 mg/l a.a. to 15, 83- 21, 98 mg/l a.a. after first year and to 14, 13- 20, 03 mg/l a.a. after three years. More significant decrease has been recorded if samples were kept in oak barrels in comparison to decrease which happened when samples were kept in stainless steel barrels or commercial glass bottles.

28th International Symposium on Essential Oils -- SEP 01-03, 1997 -- ESKISEHIR, TURKEY, WOS: 000168741400008, Water-distilled essential oil of leaves and flowers of Tanacetum argyrophyllum (C, Koch) Tvzel. var. argyrophyllum and leaves of Tanacetum argenteum (Lam.) Willd, subsp. canum (C. Koch) Grierson var. canum, herbal parts of Tanacetum praeteritum (Horwood) Heywood subsp. praeteritum and Tanncetum praeteritum (Horwood) Heywood subsp. massicyticum Heywood (Compositae), endemic taxa, were analysed by CC-MS. Sixty-eight, 51, 50, 47 and 72 compounds, representing 90%, 86%, 72%, 91%, 83% of the oils, respectively, were identified. alpha -Thujone (52% and 63%) was the major constituent of Tanacetum argyrophyllum var. argyrophyllum leaf and Rower oils, respectively. Caryophyllene oxide (13%) and alpha -thujone (12%) were found as the main constituents of the oil of Tanacetum argenteum subsp. canum var, canum. Borneol (28%), 1,8-cineole (12%) and bornyl acetate (10%) were the major constituents of T. praeteritum subsp. praeteritum. In the oil of subsp. massicyticum, alpha -thujone (51%) and beta -thujone (10%) were characterized as the main constituents. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The essential oil of Artemisia eriantha Ten. (Asteraceae) from two localities on the mountain Durmitor in Montenegro (Yugoslavia) was studied using GC/MS. The oil yield was 0.7% and the major constituents were identified as α-thujone (77.5%, 60.4%) and β-thujone (17.6%, 14.6%), respectively.

The essential oil obtained from air-dried aerial parts of plant species Anthemis carpatica Willd. (Asteraceae), was analyzed by GC and GC/MS, and about 50 components were identified. The major constituents, α-thujone (40.2%), β-thujone (13–3%), yomogi alcohol (18.5%) and terpinen-4-ol (9.7%) were isolated by preparative GC. Their structure was confirmed by IR, CIMS and 1H-NMR analysis. © 1997, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.

Ninety-four components of the essential oils from aerial parts and capitula of Tanacetum vulgare subsp. siculum (Guss.) Raimondo et Spadaro were detected. α-Thujone, β-thujone and 1,8-cineole were the main constituents of the oils. The analysis allows the assignment of this Tanacetum species to the thujone chemotype.