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Objective: Abnormal localization of the placenta with complete or partial closure of the cervix is called placenta previa. Placenta previa occurs in approximately 0.3-0.5% of pregnancies. In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors and adverse fetal outcomes by comparing the neonatal outcomes of patients who underwent cesarean section for placenta previa with those of patients who underwent cesarean section for other indications. Method: Patients with singleton pregnancies diagnosed with placenta previa were retrospectively analyzed. Placenta previa, risk factors, and adverse neonatal outcomes were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: A total of 61,110 deliveries were analyzed, and 632 deliveries (288 patients, 344 controls) were included in the study. The prevalence of placenta previa was 0.47%. Advanced maternal age [odds ratio (OR)=3.03], multigravida (≥5) (OR=2.31), previous abortion (OR=1.58) and curettage (OR=2.32) were significant risk factors for placenta previa. However, these patients had an increased risk of 1st minute Apgar score <7 (OR=1.59) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (OR=2.15). At the same time, the risk of Apgar score <7 at 1 min (OR=5.59) and 5 min (OR=3.94) and NICU admission (OR=28.47) increased in infants of patients with placenta previa <34 weeks. Newborns in the >37 weeks gestational age group with placenta previa were more likely to have a lower birth weight (OR=4.21) and an Apgar score <7 at 5 min (OR=1.89). Conclusion: Pregnancies with a diagnosis of placenta previa were associated with an increased risk of serious fetal outcomes compared with cesarean deliveries for all other indications, regardless of delivery timing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) is inflammation of the pelvic organs, mainly originating from the lower genital tract and intestinal tract. Treatment options include antibiotic therapy, surgical drainage, and radiologically guided (interventional) drainage. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the treatment method to be chosen and thus to manage patients with tuba ovarian abscesses (TOAs) most accurately. Material and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study, and patients who applied to a tertiary center diagnosed with tuba ovarian abscess (TOA) were included. TOA size (cm), pre-treatment C-reactive protein (CRP) value, pre-treatment white blood cell (WBC) value, previous operation type, postoperative complication, and antibiotics used were screened. Results: 305 patients were included in the study, and medical treatment was applied to 140 patients, organ-sparing surgical drainage to 50 patients, and surgical treatment to 115 patients. TOA dimensions measured at the time of diagnosis were significantly lower in patients for whom only medical treatment was sufficient. Pre-treatment CRP levels, WBC levels, and length of stay were significantly lower in patients for whom only medical treatment was sufficient. There was no significant difference between the pre-and post-procedure CRP difference, antibiotics, and hospitalization time. Conclusions: Preferring minimally invasive treatment in cases requiring invasive treatment reduces the frequency of complications. Treatment of tuba ovarian abscesses (TOA) with minimally invasive methods will be more beneficial in terms of patient morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the laboratory measurements and thorax computed tomography (CT) findings of pregnant women with COVID-19. Methods: This was a single-center, observational study performed in a Training and Research Hospital from March 1 to May 31, 2020. Laboratory data, clinical conditions, and thorax CT images of pregnant women with COVID-19 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients who agreed to the image and were not suspected of pneumonia were classified according to their degree of lung involvement. Results: A total of 155 pregnant women have included in the study, and the thorax CT of 86 (55.5%) pregnant women who participated in the study was evaluated. While no symptoms were observed in 44 (28.4%) of the pregnant women, the most common symptoms were dyspnea and cough in 27 (17.4%). Of the pregnant women evaluated for thorax CT, 24 (27.9%) had negative, 19 (21.1%) had mild involvement, 30 (34.9%) had moderate involvement, and 13 (15.1%) had heavy involvement. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels of pregnant women with negative tomography were 4.5 (0.7–83.4) mg/L, 13.4 (0.7–107.3) mg/L with mild involvement, 37.7 (3.8– 292.6) mg/L with moderate involvement and, 48.6 (5.7–234.1) mg/L with heavy involvement (p<0.001). Conclusion: All factors affecting the prognosis for pregnant women with COVID-19 have not been fully elucidated. It was determined that a significant frequency of pregnant women was asymptomatic. In addition, an increase was observed in the CRP level according to the severity of pneumonia, while no similar difference was found in the D-dimer level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to improve knowledge of prenatally diagnosed fetal intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), defining the ultrasound (US) examination results, the contribution of fetal magnetic resonance imagination (MRI) to the diagnosis, and the pregnancy outcomes, from a series of fetal ICH cases. Material and Methods: This retrospective, observational study included eleven fetuses diagnosed with ICH from April 2016 to August 2020. The data regarding the medical records, prenatal US and MRI findings, treatment, and prognosis of fetal ICH cases were collected from the hospital database and analyzed. Results: Fetal ICHs were grade 3 in six cases, and grade 4 in the remaining five cases. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 30.2 weeks. Nine (81.8%) of the cases were diagnosed in the third trimester and two (18.2%) in the second trimester. Fetal cranial MRI was performed in 7/11 (63.6%) following ultrasonographic diagnosis. MRI confirmed fetal ICH diagnosis and previous US findings regarding location and grade in all cases. Five patients (45.5%) diagnosed with grade 3 (n=1) and grade 4 (n=4) ICH underwent pregnancy termination. Of the remaining six cases, one (9.1%) diagnosed with grade 3 fetal ICH resulted in an intrauterine fetal demise. Four cases classified as grade 3 fetal ICH and one case with grade 4 fetal ICH were born alive at term. Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of fetal ICH are diverse and have a wide spectrum of severity and prognostic implications. Fetal ICH cases were mainly detected in the third trimester, with a minority detected in the second trimester. These cases can be safely diagnosed and graded by US examination, but the underlying etiology frequently cannot be determined. Fetal cranial MRI may aid in diagnosis confirmation if this is unclear from US in order to provide appropriate counseling to the parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to define the approach to pregnant women with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and to determine the maternal and neonatal consequences of the disease. Material and Methods: Maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 pregnant women are illustrated by looking at the following parameters: Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test, complete blood count, D-dimer and ferritin concentration, lymphocyte count, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, and alanine aminotransferase level, neonatal umbilical blood gas analysis, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and lung computed tomography images. Results: Forty-three trimester pregnant women with a diagnosis of COVID-19 were included in the study. The most common complaint at admission was cough (50%), and the most common accompanying finding was shortness of breath and fever. The delivery method was 34 patients cesarean section and 6 patients vaginal delivery. Two neonates were admitted to the NICU due to respiratory distress. There were no maternal or infant deaths. The patients were hospitalized for approximately 5 days. Conclusion: To sum up, our study is a preliminary study and there is a need for studies involving a much larger number of patients in terms of clinical features and follow-up treatment of pregnant women with COVID-19. In this regard, long-term patient follow-up results will be extremely important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jinekoloji-Obstetrik & Neonatoloji Tip Dergisi is the property of T.C. Saglik Bakanligi Ankara Sehir Hastanesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Endometriosis is a chronic disease that affects 10% of women of reproductive age. No curative treatment is currently available due to the as yet unclear pathophysiology. Therefore, clinical experience and additional knowledge of the disease has great value. This study was an investigation of the demographic characteristics, symptoms, medication use, analgesic need, and treatment methods of endometriosis patients at a tertiary gynecological clinic in order to evaluate long-term clinical strategies. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive case study was conducted at a tertiary gynecological clinic. A database search of records from November 2012 to July 2020 yielded a total of 1098 patients for initial inclusion in the study. Age, gravidity, parity, surgical history, and demographic characteristics were recorded, as well as the diagnostic methods, medical and surgical treatment strategies, hospitalization duration, and need for analgesic medication. Results: In all, 873 patients had stage 3 disease and 6 patients were diagnosed with stage 4 disease. Of the study group, 47% of the patients were diagnosed using ultrasound and 53% were diagnosed surgically. An assessment of the surgical techniques used revealed that 144 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery while 235 underwent a laparotomy. The mean duration of hospitalization following a laparoscopy was 2.68±1.02 days, whereas the mean length of stay following a laparotomy was 3.45±1.69 days. Analysis of the medical treatment strategies applied indicated that 110 patients were given a combined oral contraceptive (COC), 36 received progesterone, and 525 were treated with dienogest. Conclusion: Although there has been an ongoing search for a curative treatment for endometriosis for some time, the treatment options have not changed dramatically over the years. Laparoscopic surgery has largely taken the place of a laparotomy as surgeons became more experienced and progestins have gained more importance as a medical treatment option. However, at present, regardless of treatment strategy, endometriosis still requires a long period of treatment and follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) and thioredoxin domain-containing 5 (TXNDC5) level in early and late-onset preeclampsia.Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 24 pregnant women with early-onset preeclampsia and 26 pregnant women with late-onset preeclampsia were compared with 30 pregnant women with no obstetric complications. The serum TXNDC5 levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis were measured.Results: Serum TXNDC5 levels were significantly higher in the early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia groups compared with the control group (p < .05). Native thiol and total thiol levels were significantly lower in the early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia groups than control group. The disulfide levels were found as significantly high in early preeclamptic patients compared to control group (p < .05). The highest levels of TXNDC5 and the lowest levels of native thiol and total thiol were found in early-onset preeclampsia group. No significant difference was found between the patients with early onset and late onset preeclampsia regarding TXNDC5 levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis (p > .05).Conclusion: Serum TXNDC5 levels were significantly higher in patients with early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. The dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis was impaired in favor of the oxidized state in patients with preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: A cesarean section (C-section) is performed to deliver a baby through the mother's abdomen. In recent years, the rate of incidences requiring a C-section is steadily increasing all over the world. Advanced maternal age, chronic health problems, multiple pregnancies as a result of the development of assisted reproductive technologies, and an insufficient supplementary health network can be considered as the reasons why mothers and obstetricians prefer a C-section. Our study aimed to identify the risk factors for the need of C-section in women with a history of vaginal delivery. Material and Methods: 238 multiparous women with a history of vaginal birth at 37-42 gestational weeks were enrolled in our study. 110 women had underwent C-section. Control group was chosen randomly from women giving birth by vaginal route. Results: Overall, 238 multiparous women with a history of vaginal delivery at 37-42 gestational weeks were enrolled in our study. The history of operative delivery, that of labor induction and presence of meconium and the indication of admission to the delivery room were different between groups. A lower Bishop score and biophysical profile, smaller gestational period, and lower birth weight were associated with the group requiring a C-section, whereas older age and a long time interval from the previous birth were associated with the group not requiring a C-section. Conclusion: A strategy involving either labor induction or not could be individualized for each patient to eliminate the risk factors for adverse outcomes. To identify criteria for the standardization of labor management, further studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ectopic pregnancy is defined as the implantation of a fertilized ovum at a site other than the uterine endometrium. The fallopian tube is the most common site for ectopic implantation. Diagnosis is clinically based on a history of pelvic pain associated with amenorrhea and a positive pregnancy test result with or without slight vaginal bleeding, Ectopic pregnancies account for 10%-15% of all maternal deaths. The prevention of tubal rupture before its occurrence is extremely important. An early diagnosis can be made by performing a transvaginal ultrasound examination and measuring human chorionic gonadotropin levels. However, a definitive diagnosis is made after performing a surgery and microscopic examination of tissue specimens. The main treatment options for tubal ectopic pregnancies are surgery or systemic medical treatment with methotrexate. We present the case ofa 26-year-old woman with unruptured 11 weeks of gestation with fetal heart beat-positive tubal ectopic pregnancy. We performed laparoscopic salpingectomy, A histopathological examination of the tissue specimens revealed tubal ectopic pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to learn more about the prevalence and pathophysiology of depression and anxiety that may be caused by polycystic ovary syndrome and to make plans for taking necessary precautions for this vulnerable group., Methods: This case-control study was conducted between January 2022 and October 2022. A total of 120 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and 143 controls were included in the study. All healthy volunteers and women with polycystic ovary syndrome were evaluated using self-administered questionnaires and physical examination. Anthropometric data such as weight and height and laboratory value were documented., Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of demographic characteristics. When the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores of both groups were compared, both depression and anxiety scores were found to be significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with the control group (OR: 3.319, 95%CI, 1.563-7.047, p<0.001 and OR: 3.238, 95%CI, 1.659-6.315, p<0.001). In the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire, the rate of irregular menstruation and Ferriman-Gallwey score were statistically significant in women with polycystic ovary syndrome with high depression and anxiety scores. While serum LH levels and LH/FSH ratios were significantly different in women with polycystic ovary syndrome with high depression scores, serum LH, LH:FSH ratios, and serum total testosterone levels were found significant in women with polycystic ovary syndrome with high anxiety scores., Conclusion: It is clear that depression and anxiety are more common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than in healthy women. Our findings support previous recommendations regarding routine screening for depression and anxiety in this population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to improve knowledge of prenatally diagnosed fetal intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), defining the ultrasound (US) examination results, the contribution of fetal magnetic resonance imagination (MRI) to the diagnosis, and the pregnancy outcomes, from a series of fetal ICH cases., Material and Methods: This retrospective, observational study included eleven fetuses diagnosed with ICH from April 2016 to August 2020. The data regarding the medical records, prenatal US and MRI findings, treatment, and prognosis of fetal ICH cases were collected from the hospital database and analyzed., Results: Fetal ICHs were grade 3 in six cases, and grade 4 in the remaining five cases. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 30.2 weeks. Nine (81.8%) of the cases were diagnosed in the third trimester and two (18.2%) in the second trimester. Fetal cranial MRI was performed in 7/11 (63.6%) following ultrasonographic diagnosis. MRI confirmed fetal ICH diagnosis and previous US findings regarding location and grade in all cases. Five patients (45.5%) diagnosed with grade 3 (n=1) and grade 4 (n=4) ICH underwent pregnancy termination. Of the remaining six cases, one (9.1%) diagnosed with grade 3 fetal ICH resulted in an intrauterine fetal demise. Four cases classified as grade 3 fetal ICH and one case with grade 4 fetal ICH were born alive at term., Conclusion: The clinical manifestations of fetal ICH are diverse and have a wide spectrum of severity and prognostic implications. Fetal ICH cases were mainly detected in the third trimester, with a minority detected in the second trimester. These cases can be safely diagnosed and graded by US examination, but the underlying etiology frequently cannot be determined. Fetal cranial MRI may aid in diagnosis confirmation if this is unclear from US in order to provide appropriate counseling to the parents.