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Every leader who leads the country will definitely introduce their respective slogans to be used as a big thinking framework that will be used as a template in implementing the country's government policy. After three months as the 10th Prime Minister, Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim launched his government's slogan, Membangun Malaysia Madani, on 19 January 2023 at the Putrajaya International Convention Center (PICC). Various reactions arose from the introduction of the slogan either positive or negative. Thus, this article discusses the voter's views on the slogan "Malaysia Madani" in the 2023 State Election. This study uses quantitative methods which are questionnaires in the field, interviews and also qualitative methods which are references to secondary data which are journal articles, conference/seminar papers and related scientific books. The results of the study found that the majority of respondents had heard the term 'Malaysia Madani' but they did not fully understand the slogan. Although the term has been called PMX for a long time, that is in 1995, but the term has not been widely covered by the media and the public. Overall, voters during PRN 2023 can accept or agree with the term Madani Malaysia which has good life values. Although they agree with the good terms and values, the issue of support for leaders, governments and political parties is another matter. Therefore, in order to get strong support from the people, leaders, governments and political parties need to not only introduce, but also practice these good values in order to be an example and thus convince the voters to support them in a future election. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 15th General Election (PRU), 2022 is seen to take place in a state of haste and disputes between the public and politicians, especially the opposition. However, the general election was held until it was completed without any untoward incident. Many parties expected that the results of GE-15 would result in no political party winning a simple majority, but BN was expected to win the highest number of parliamentary seats. But the GE-15 results show that PH got the highest number of parliamentary seats, followed by PN and then BN. PN managed to get support from the highest number of Malay voters, followed by BN, PH and finally GTA. Therefore, this article discusses the factors of Malay ethnic voter support for the National Alliance (PN) in the 15th General Election (GE), 2022. This study uses a qualitative method which is reference to secondary data which is journal articles, conference/seminar papers and related scientific books. The results of the study found that among the factors supporting Malay voters towards PN are the leadership of PN (PAS and BERSATU) which is seen as clean, the experience and services of PN when governing the country during the era of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the influence of PN's social media (Tik Tok). Therefore, the factors of support need to be used as a guide for subsequent political action to capture the support of Malay voters who still dominate election politics in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 15th Malaysian General Election (GE-15) took place on 19 November 2022 successfully. This time the general election was held a year earlier than the 5-year maturity period on 16 July 2023, which is the date of the swearing-in of members of Parliament for the 14th term. The GE-15 results show that there is a pattern of voter support based on a specific geographic location. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze voter support patterns based on regional factors. Based on data analysis of the GE 2022 results, observations in the field and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the findings of the study show that PH continues to dominate the West Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia as well as in Sabah and Sarawak in urban and semi-urban areas with ethnic mix and Chinese majority, PN controls the East and North Coast regions as well as a small part in the West and South of Peninsular Malaysia in the rural areas of the Malay majority, namely in the East Coast Peninsular zone, namely Kelantan, Terengganu and East Pahang and Central Pahang; North of the peninsula, which is Perlis and Kedah and Penang Seberang Prai North and Central, North Perak, Central Perak; the western part of Peninsular namely North Selangor and West Selangor as well as West Melaka and South Melaka while BN remains in power in the rural areas of central Peninsular Malaysia but with a shrinking number of seats. Therefore, regional influence also affects the voting pattern and needs to be taken into account by the relevant parties to implement campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The right to vote for the youth opens space for this group to evaluate, speak and vote for the upcoming General Election (PRU). This also strengthens the role of the youth in determining and shaping the future of the country. Therefore, it is the purpose of writing this article to analyze the views of youth on socioeconomic and political issues in the Peramu Jaya state legislative assembly constituency, Pekan, Pahang. This study uses data collection methods based on questionnaires, interviews, field observations, library research and online research. The data obtained were then analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. The results of the study found that 76 percent of respondents agreed that socioeco nomic and political issues in the respondent's area were important to be aware of. Next, 86 percent of respondents stated that the socio-economic and political situation in the Peramu Jaya State Assembly area is stable. In addition, 72 percent of respondents often discuss issues such as economic recovery, commodity prices, inflation and cost of living. Next, the political issue that is always discussed in the study area by the youth is the issue of corruption which is 66 percent. In conclusion, this study can increase knowledge, additional data and as a reference to relevant parties on youth groups, especially in the field of politics and elections in Malaysia. The implication of this study is that the local youth can be exposed to current issues which are socio-economic issues and political issues which are actually important for them to know and think about in order to determine the future and political choices in the next election. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolitics means the influence of political power with a place. Geopolitics can also be said to be a political study of the state of a place whether in terms of age, ethnicity, source of political information, local culture or development. Therefore, it is the purpose of this study to analyze the political behavior of voters by making the Tumpat Parliamentary constituency, Kelantan as a case study area. This study uses questionnaires, face -to -face interviews, reference data on 2018 election results and related secondary sources such as books, journal articles, as well as conference/symposium/seminar papers and also from electronic media such as internet and social media. The findings of the study show that majority of respondents chose local and people-friendly leaders as the criteria for selecting leaders. As for the criteria of a supported political party, they choose a political party that has a good track record and experience (economic and social) and has a clean, credible and educated leader. As for the orientation or tendency of political choice, they understand the characteristics of party political ideology that transcends racial/religious characteristics but prioritizes the struggle and values of social justice, democracy, trust, integrity and progress. They also tend to choose political parties that fight for issues of universal values such as transparency, good governance, justice, honesty and racial equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sarawak Party Coalition (GPS) backed by Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB) which was formed after the 2018 General Election (GE) following the defeat of Barisan Nasional (BN) at the federal level is the ruling party in Sarawak since the first Sarawak State Legislative Assembly General Election. This political party has the experience of ruling Sarawak by shaping the political thinking of development among the voters in the state. The Sarawak State Legislative Assembly General Election 2021 was held following the dissolution of the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly on 3 November 2021 after being delayed since the end of the fiveyear term (until 7 June 2016) which is 6 June 2021 due to the declaration of emergency by the Federal Government nationwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Sarawak State Legislative Assembly General Election can see the influence of GPS in the geopolitical stage of Sarawak in the country and the state is still in a state of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the strengthening of GPS political power over Sarawak geopolitics in Sarawak DUN 2021. Based on data analysis of Sarawak State Legislative Assembly General Election 2021 results, field observations and analysis of secondary sources, the findings show that the strengthening of voter support for GPS factors namely GPS experience of ruling Sarawak, GPS leadership known to voters, realistic GPS election manifesto, continuation of Sarawak development program, experienced and systematic GPS election machinery, impact of COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, Sarawak opposition party vote split and percentage drop urban voters who are pro -opposition parties. Therefore, the strengthening of GPS politics in the geopolitics of Sarawak shows the importance of experience in governing and having a well -organized party machinery to win elections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melaka State politics is known as a stronghold of BN since before independence until the 2013 GE. However, in the 2018 GE, Melaka fell to the opposition party, PH. 22 months after PH ruled Melaka, the PH Government fell and the BN+PN Government was formed. Then on October 4, 2021, four government assemblymen withdrew their support and expressed support to form a new PH-led Government. However, on October 5, 2021, the Governor of Melaka dissolved the state legislative assembly to hold a new election. The new election was held and in the end BN won with a two-thirds majority. The election results produced an interesting voting pattern to study as a result of the political decisions of the voters of Melaka. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the geopolitics of Melaka and the political choices of voters in the Melaka 2021 state election. Based on data analysis of the Melaka state 2021 GE results, field observations and analysis of secondary sources, the findings of the study show that the victory of BN, the defeat of PH and significant turnout to PN in elections produces an interesting political landscape to study. The election showed that the turnout fell compared to the 2018 GE due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the people were tired of the endless politicking activities of politicians and there was no benefit for them to go to the polls. Thus, the change in voter support patterns and the fall in the turnout show an unusual trend that is interesting for analysis by political researchers and lessons learned by political leaders towards the next general election. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the pre-GE-14, political parties in Terengganu have expressed their confidence to come to power based on current issues, government performance and leadership. In GE-14, the people have chosen to give PAS a chance to lead the Terengganu State Government. After GE-14, there was also a conflict between UMNO and PAS in the state. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the geopolitics of Terengganu in pre-GE-14, GE-14 and post GE-14. The writing of this article is based on analysis of GE 2018 results data, field observations and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers. Findings show that geopolitics or governing power based on pre-GE-14, GE-14 and post-GE-14 scenarios in Terengganu depends on the influence of voter support for political parties, the role and volume of key leaders and current issues in the state. The instability of BN Government leaders and local issues have opened up space for PAS to win the hearts of Terengganu people in GE-14. However, this rejection is seen not because of the strength of PAS but rather the weakness of BN in addressing issues that arise in the community, especially in Terengganu. Meanwhile, PH is also not seen as dominant in any part except in Kemaman and Kuala Terengganu. Post GE-14 shows PAS cooperating with UMNO to form a Muafakat Nasional (MN) on the basis of the Malay-Muslim political cooperation. For the first time in the state, the opposition in the state assembly is governmen-friendly. However, the open conflict between the main leadership of UMNO and PAS over the distribution of development allocations and the distribution of seats in the next general election will be a challenge to both political parties to maintain long-term and consistent political cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MIC (Malaysian Indian Congress) is said to be increasingly eroded and irrelevant as the main spokesman for the Indian community in expressing the desire to the Government. MIC's defeat in the 12th general election is not only caused by the movement Hindu Rights Action Force (Hindraf) alone, but the failure of the MIC leadership who are not sensitive to the problems of the Indian community and consequently they no longer support the candidates of MIC/BN in the 2008 General Election. MIC continued to be rejected in GE-14 by winning only two parliamentary seats. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to analyze the development and performance of MIC in Malaysian geopolitics. Based on the analysis of GE 2018 results data and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the findings show that MIC remains a relevant role in creating political stability and prosperity in the country. MIC has contributed a lot to the progress of the country with its role as a driving force to the progress of the Indian community in the country. With high commitment and a sincere spirit of cooperation, MIC has together fostered a spirit of harmony among the people. With competent and dynamic leadership, MIC has contributed to BN in managing the country's development to a proud level of economic development. Nevertheless, the political changes that exist among the Indian community have made the MIC not or less a top choice for the Indian community. Therefore, the Government needs to take action to improve the socio-economic status of Indians and restore support to MIC/BN in the next GE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Health Organization (WHO) has stressed that vulnerable people living in densely populated residential areas with low levels of hygiene practices have the potential to have high rates of infection. This is coupled with poor health and living standards. Thus, this study was conducted to see the level of lifestyle among B40 living in urban areas of low cost flat housing in Kota Damansara during PKPB. The methodology chosen was face to face and an online survey of questionnaires and a total of 261 respondents successfully answered. The convenient sampling method has been used. A total of 15 flat areas were surveyed. The result show that the majority of respondent are low educated and low income has shown a high level of agreement on lifestyle. A total of 98.5% or 257 respondents are willing to adopt 3W (wear, wash & warn). In addition, 96.1% are willing to follow the current development COVID-19 cases in the mass media. They also had a high willingness to limit social activities (90%); eating out (81.6%); sports activities (82.7%) as well as religious (71.2%). However, they also showed a high level of anxiety towards finances because most of the resident do not work full time. A total of 99.9% of housewives agreed that they were worried about not spending enough next month. This article gives the implication that the new norms proposed by the government were better compared to the beginning of the outbreak. In conclusion, this study has highlighted the success of the government in emphasizing new norms during the pandemic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A political movement is a group and association movement to fight for something by campaigning, urging and participating in elections to gain the power to achieve what is being fought for. Political movements include groups based on leaders, associations and political parties that have leadership lines, organizations, goals of struggle and activities towards achieving the aim they strive for. Therefore, the objective of writing this article is to analyze the evolution and dynamics of geopolitical and sociopolitical of the political movement in Malaysia since before independence till present. The writing of this article uses a qualitative information interpretation approach from secondary sources, namely journal articles, academic books and conference papers based on the evolutionary theme of the political movement in Malaysia which is then analyzed based on geopolitical and sociopolitical impacts. Findings show that the geopolitics or power of the political movement is based on the state of political rulers at certain time while the socio-political of political movements show that the people's participation in political movements at certain time is based on current issues, developments of information communication technology, leadership and current socioeconomic conditions. Thus, the evolution and geopolitical and sociopolitical dynamics of the political movement in this country is very interesting to study and can be used as a guidance by all parties to create a peaceful and stable political situation of the country as well as a strategy to gain the support of voters and all parties in achieving their respective political struggles based on the provisions set by law and the Federal Constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Voters are an important component of the election. Voters will vote in an election based on their party's sentiments or leader's personality. Therefore, it is the purpose of this study to study the influence of party sentiment and personality of leadership of voters political choice in the Chempaka constituency, Kelantan. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, two research methods were used, namely, a questionnaire on 377 respondents based on the geographical location of urban and rural areas in the study area; and references to related secondary sources. Subsequently, data from the questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS software and presented in the form of tables and the writing of the results of this study was confirmed with relevant secondary sources. The findings show that respondents in the study area wanted political criteria that have the people who prioritize the people, able to generate people's development and eradicate poverty and fairness to all parties. The personality characteristics of the leaders desired by the respondents in the study area are to be honest and trustworthy of the responsibilities, net of corruption and leaders who prioritize the welfare of the people. Hence, this research findings can be used as a general reference guide or guide to all parties, especially political parties and the government to examine issues and problems in the study area so that the parties involved are more sensitive in meeting the needs and needs of the community as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sabah 2020 State Legislative Assembly (DUN) General Election (GE) was held following the declaration of the dissolution of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly by the Yang Dipertua Negeri Sabah at the request of the Chief Minister of Sabah, Datuk Seri Shafie Apdal. He acted in this way because of the endless political game in Sabah by the opposition party in the state which managed to gather a number of Sabah state assemblymen with a simple majority to shift support to the former Chief Minister, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Musa Aman to be appointed as the new Chief Minister. Although the former Chief Minister brought the case of the dissolution of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly to court but in the end the GE of Sabah State Legislative Assembly was still held. This Sabah State Legislative Assembly GE is seen as a test to see the influence of WARISAN-PKR and the Perikatan Nasional (PN) in the situation of the Covic-19 epidemic. The purpose of writing this article to analyze the political influence of ethnic parties based on the Sabah 2020 GE. Based on the analysis of Sabah 2020 GE results data and analysis of secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the findings show that voters support political parties in the GE of Sabah State Legislative Assembly is based on sentiment leadership partisan ethnic namely UMNO (BN) and PN (BERSATU) led by Malays support in the majority ethnic Sabah Malays and Brunei Malay by UMNO and BERSATU leadership and Rungus-Kadazan-Dusun-Murut by STAR and PBS Kadazan-Dusun ethnic leadership while WARISANPKR support in the majority ethnic Bajau by WARISAN Bajau leader and Chinese in urban by Chinese ethnic leaders from DAP and PKR allied with WARISAN. The implication from the writing of this article is that ethnic-based party politics continues to gain the trust of voters as voters are more confident and trust their own ethnic leaders to fight for their destiny in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 14th General Election is one of the few elections that has made its own history by defeating the 61-year-old Barisan Nasional Government. This is the first time, the opposition party (Pakatan Harapan), a coalition of the BERSATU, DAP, PKR and AMANAH, has succeeded in forming a government since the last 13 general elections. Therefore, it is the objective of writing this article for analyze youth politics and the 2018 General Elections which took place on May 9, 2018. Based on the questionnaire form distributed to 96,684 youth respondents throughout Malaysia, the findings of this study show that youths are more likely to change if their desires and aspirations are not met by their leader. Because this generation of youths are the future owners of the country, they are the biggest stake holders in the future. Youth constitute the majority of voters on the fence and thus act as the determinants of victory for a political party in Malaysia. The implication of this article is that all parties, especially the authorities, need to listen and take into account the views and aspirations of the youths as youths are the backbone of the nation. This article will also add youth related information for the benefit of all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Living standards and politics involvement can affect the well-being of individuals and society. However, both of these indicators can be explained by poverty. Marginalization, poverty and their midset become a factor that prevents them to improve their living standards and their public engagement with the outside communities and modernization. Thus it is the purpose of this study to analyse the effect of the standard of living and public involvement in the well being of the Orang Asli community. This study used primary data analysis methods of questionnaires in the field, while further strengthening the results and analysis of the study conducted by reference library (secondary) which includes content analysis of academic reference books, journal articles, seminars and conferences. The study found that in terms of living standards, the majority of respondents to reduce subscription to shop for basic needs or other places because they are trying to do the austerity measures in an atmosphere of economic uncertainty. In terms of public participation or involvement in electoral politics, almost half of respondents did not fulfill their responsibility as voters at the last general election because of the level of knowledge and awareness of their right to vote and to speak low. Therefore, to ensure their welfare is safeguarded, they should be active in public activities whether in terms of selecting and expression to their rights and interests are protected and taken care by the authorities. Thus, all parties whether the authorities, NGOs, other communities or Orang Asli peoples themselves should help Orang Asli to improve their lives subsequently expand political involvement in the development of Orang Asli to national and arena of international. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Johor is known for its UMNO-born state on May 11, 1946, which has been the stronghold of UMNO in Malaysia since the first General Election (GE-1). The UMNO-led BN won GE-1 to GE-13 in the state for the state assembly by winning more than 2/3 seats. But in the 14th general election, Johor for the first time fell to the opposition party Pakatan Harapan (PH), which used the Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) logo by winning 36 state seats compared to the BN (19 seats) and PAS only 1 seat. Johor politics changed again on February 26, 2020 when the PPBM (BERSATU) stepped out of the PH and formed the Perikatan Nasional (PN) along with Muafakat Nasional (MN) and a Indipendent people representative. This political dynamic is an interesting arrangement involving political strategy and art in order to gain political power either constitutional or have an interest. It is, therefore, the purpose of writing this article to analyze election politics in the GE-14 and post-GE-14. Based on the analysis of the 2018 GE results, field observations and secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the findings show that the victory of the BN and the defeat of the BN in the GE-14 and the post-PN PN PN victory in Johor prove that nothing is impossible who remains in politics. Indeed, political science is full of dynamics and artistry. The stronger national issues influenced the political decisions of the people of Johor, and the state and local leaders of Johor also took their turn. PH victory in GE-14 fueled by support from China and India in addition to young Malay voters and most of the First Time Voters are influenced by social media. The implication of this article is that the victorious party must exercise the responsibility of a just and trustworthy government for the good of the people while the deceased must play a role as the builder in ensuring the physical and spiritual development of the people of Johor in the eyes of all politicians in the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to information sources is now available in all types of print and electronic media. Regardless of the form and appearance of the information source, it can influence a person's thinking and behavior in choosing a political party. In the context of elections in Malaysia, before the advent of alternative or online media, Malaysians were more hopeful and trusted in the mainstream media until the influence of the Barisan Nasional (BN) political party was seen as stronger. However, as alternative media dominates the source of unlimited access to information, Malaysia's political landscape is changing and BN's influence is eroding little by little in the urban and rural areas. Therefore, it is the objective of writing this article to analyze the influence of the media on the support of political parties in Malaysia. According to surveys form distributed to 96,684 respondents across Malaysia, almost all of them get information through social media such as Facebook and Whataspp. The tendency of voters to access information through alternative media has shown their support for the opposition partyas it has dominated alternative media. As a result, the influence of these alternative media has succeeded in changing the political landscape of the country as the BN government collapses as the mainstream media seems to be lagging behind in its role as a leading information agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pan Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) is the only political party in Malaysia that bears the name of Islam in Malaysia. PAS's performance in every election is seen to fluctuate in every election and often comes out the political party's alliance. GE-14 (2018) sees PAS stand alone against BN and Pakatan Harapan (PH) using the Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) logo. As a result PAS remains in power in Kelantan, capturing Terengganu from the BN but is not widely accepted in the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyze the performance and acceptability of PAS voters in the GE-14 in the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Negeri Sembilan and Malacca. Based on the analysis of the 2018 General Elections data, field observations and secondary sources such as journal articles and conference papers, the study shows that PAS is difficult to gain strong support from voters in the West Coast due to voters' uncertainty over PAS's ability by taking the example of the PAS government in Kelantan causing the people of the country to continue to suffer from poverty and poor infrastructure. PAS also failed to get good support from non-Malay voters/non-Muslims because the party is seen as too extreme and less emphasis on the welfare of non-Muslims. The implication of this article is that in order to gain the support of voters in the West Coast region of Peninsular Malaysia, PAS needs to adapt its struggle and campaign strategies to simplify, showcase leadership that is beneficial to the welfare of the people and more inclusive to all races and religions throughout Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every individual wants a comfortable home and a reasonable price to produce a good quality of life. House can be a symbol of one's wealth and achievement. The value of house generally increases every year and purchasing a house can be a long-term investment asset. Therefore, the decision to buy a house is an important decision in one's life where the mistake of making a choice will lead to high financial burden especially for middle-income households. Therefore, it is the purpose of this article to study the factors of home ownership in the Tras state constituency, Raub, Pahang. The writing of this paper is based on methodology of questionnaires were distributed to 380 respondents which consist of groups of middle-income households. Next, the data from the questionnaires were analysed using SPSS software and presented in tables as well as the writing of the results of this study confirmed with the relevant secondary sources. The results show that the majority of respondents agreed that the issue of house ownership could be resolved by government intervention whereby the government should regulate house prices. Therefore, the findings of this study are intended to serve as a general reference or guide for all parties, especially developers and the government in solving the problem of house ownership in the study area. The parties must also be more attentive to meeting the needs of the community while at the same time ensuring the wellbeing of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to look at the factors of career selection among youth in the informal sector (blue collar). The development of the town of Gemas, Negeri Sembilan has created economic opportunities especially in the informal sector for the people in the surrounding area. The majority of the younger generation has seen economic growth in a positive way in terms of employment opportunities that has led them to find a job without leaving the rural area. However, the average income in this sector are small and unpredictable as it depends on the pace of local economic activity so it is said that the younger generation in rural area unable to improve their economic status. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the type or profile of job activity involved. In addition, analyzing the amount of income and expenditure as well as some suggestions needed to raise awareness of the young generation in education. The research instrument used was questionnaire distribution to young people directly involved in informal employment and indirect interviews with respondents for additional information. A total of 150 respondents were selected based on the Krejcie and Morgan methods. According to the results of the analysis analyzed using the Statiscal Package For Science Social (SPSS) found that the income earned is sufficient and in line with the expenses incurred. In addition, among the initiatives undertaken by the government are PTPTN, TVET, MARA and JPA to encourage young people to get higher education. Therefore, the development of the younger generation should be constantly enhanced to ensure the progress of the community and the nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The popularity of palm oil production is amazing. Around 10 percent of the world's permanent cropland has been used for global oil palm planting area. Among them, 85% of palm oil is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia. Palm oil has increased the income of populations of the two countries, especially farmers. But there is at cost, the environment is devastating, and labour rights and human rights are repeatedly violated. The objective of this study is to explore sustainable palm oil farming practices conducted by Orang Asli smallholders. This study was carried out in one of the indigenous villages located in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia - Kampung Sungai Mai, Jerantut, Pahang. Employing qualitative method, eight indigenous farmers were interviewed periodically through simple random sampling and snowballing. The study results show that the orang Asli farmers are working towards land ownership as prerequisite of MSPO. Family farming as next step to sustainable farming and deforestation is curbed by oil palm cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perfect housing can be described as the one that meets residents' requirement, provides well-being to the household and promotes the quality of life. People's Housing Programme (PPR) is a housing development program for people in the urban area who do not own a house either for rental or for living. This program benefits the city dwellers to enjoy comfortable life and provide well-being. However, there are three socioeconomic issues in the PPR scheme; unity, social and economic. To investigate more on those issues, this article discusses the socio-economic and political impact of the PPR in Lembah Subang, Selangor. This study used quantitative method, namely questionnaires to collect data from respondents. A total of 360 respondents were selected to participate in this survey and references to secondary data such as journal articles, conferences or seminars and scientific books were consulted throughout this study. Findings indicate that majority of respondents are satisfied with the implementation of PPR and it has successfully improved the economic status, reduced the social problems and created social cohesion in achieving national aspiration towards development 1 Malaysia. Besides that, this program has delivered a good support to the government especially in providing quality life to the people. Finally this study has contributed a significant guidance in identifying opinions among the society for successfully executing this project in the future and also in enhancing this policy in order to meet current requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Political Literacy is the key for unity and harmony in the world includes Malaysia. It leads to integration amongst people before participates in political arena like voting or volunteers in any political parties program. In order to achieve it, Ministry of Education oblige Pendidikan Sivik, Pengajian Malaysia and Hubungan Etnik to be taught in every layer of institution. Therefore, this research will analyse the level of Political Literacy among Universiti Kuala Lumpur (Malaysian Institute of Information Technology student between 2014 to 2016 through the subject of Hubungan Etnik. Among the objectives are: (1) to predict the effectiveness between every assessments in course learning outcome (2) to compare achievement between male and female students (3) to analyse the level of political literacy as a whole. About 278 marks of students had been taken to be analysed through IBM SPSS Statistic. The outcome shows that final examination percentage is a bit lower than others so need for improvement. Secondly, there were no differences between male and female student's marks and lastly the method of teaching this subject need to change that suits with the ability of technical student. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is looking at the history of the Commonwealth and focused on Dr. Mahathir views against the Commonwealth. At first Dr. Mahathir argued that the Commonwealth as an organization which cannot help Malaysia. The Commonwealth does not work and is dominated by Advanced Countries especially Britain. Therefore, Dr. Mahathir has put the interests of the Commonwealth in fourth place. His absence at the Commonwealth conference, held in Melbourne, Australia in 1981 had led to poor relations with Australia. The Australians were not satisfied with his criticizing attitude. He also was not present at the Commonwealth conference in 1983 in New Delhi, India. At first he decided not to attend the Commonwealth Conference 1985 in Nassau, Bahamas but agreed to attend after he was asked by the Secretary General of the Commonwealth. After the Commonwealth conference in 1985 has changed the view of Dr. Mahathir on the importance and the role that can be made against the Commonwealth. This article looks at the importance of the Commonwealth of Malaysia which at first is important, especially in terms of defence. Times change and Malaysia has to focus the importance of the economic aspect especially on bilateral relations between the member states of the Commonwealth. Mahathir has managed to put name of Malaysia through the Commonwealth to the world, especially to Third World countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Those voters is one of the important components in the elections. Understanding behavior and voting patterns by voters will help the parties contesting and win the election. Various factors associated how this pattern occurs such as geography, sociology, psychology, ethnic, class and so on. In general, there are three approaches to model/theory of voter behavior that has made researchers in the West as sociological model, party identification theory and rational choice theory. Thus, this article aims to examine the influence voter behavior approach to the selection of political parties in the Legislative State Assembly (N22) Jelawat, Bachok, Kelantan. Several methods have been used to study the literature research, and questionnaires to 200 respondents in three polling districts selected based on the geographic location of the municipality such as urban, semi-urban and rural areas in Jelawat N22. The study found that voter behavior theory most preferably at study area are rational choice theory that voters will give their votes to the party or the candidate most likely to satisfy their demands with guided information and knowledge to something that option. The majority of respondents support the BN in the 13th general election and will continue to support the BN in the coming 14th general election. Respondents also noted the opportunity to capture Kelantan BN in the coming election are slim majority stated otherwise uncertain. Thus, these findings could be used as a general reference materials or guidance to all parties whether the political party or government to examine the issues and problems that occur in the study area in order for the parties involved to be more sensitive to the demands and needs of society better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geopolitical situation in the area will affect the public policy of a country. The situation also affects the education system, basic design, propaganda and psychological singles. The influence and ideology of globalization has changed the way the conquest of colonies, market share economic and political power. Political housing is important in determining the support of a political party. The involvement and support someone with a political party based on the opportunity to own a home and support for the leader or political party would be affected if the supporters of the party aside. Based on interviews in the field, namely in Kuala Lumpur and secondary reference sources indicate that residential development can alter the composition and geopolitical influence by increasing the number of new voters. This composition depends on the number of housing units owned by the virtue of their ability. Changes in the composition will indirectly cause influenced by the political power that dominates a park or a new city. The issues of housing and urban development in Kuala Lumpur can influence voters in the general election in the city. Slum redevelopment with the construction of affordable housing as People's Housing Programme (PPR) gives the advantage to the BN to obtain large vote in the redevelopment area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban politic is closely related to perceptions and behaviour of voters in the city which is based on local and national political issites, especially in terms of urban public facilities and services. Urban politic is an interesting agenda because of it is dynamics and has position itself in the city centre where it experiencing the process of urbanization and socialization as well as the focal point of all human activities. These processes may eventually cause 'stress'to the cit}' dwellers, and consequently influence the perceptions and political behaviour of the dwellers. This article is to analyze urban politic in two areas in the Klang Valley, namely Batu (Kuala Lumpur) and Petaling Java Selatan (Selangor). Based on questionnaires and field observations, 71.0% of respondents in Batu and 57.6% in Petaling Java Selatan (PJS) expressed the idea of "1 Malaysia: Rakyat Didahulukan, Pencapaian Diutamakan " is supported, internalized and manifested by the voters. In tenns of governance, 70.7% (Batu) and 62.9% (PJS) respondents indicated the Key Performance Indicator (KP1) for all elected representatives and the Minister ate good and they give support for the government and policy changes made by the Prime Minister's leadership in strengthening the development of the country continues to have support from the people. Meanwhile, the political behavior through voter registration showed that 86.0% and 87,9% in the Batu and PJS have registered as voters, in which respectively 5.8%, (Batu) and17.9% (PJS) belong to UMNO; 4.4% (Barn) and 13.2% (PJS) joined PAS; 0.1% (Batu) and 21.2% (PJS) are member of DAP; 6.2% (Batu) and 20.7% (PJS) are member of PKR; and 73.1% (Batu) and 54.3% (PJS) did not join any political parties. Voters in Batu constituency would expect BN wrested back the seat of Batu but will be loosing in Petaling Java Selatan with a slim margin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distribution pattern of population in Malaysia is still accordance with ethnic and regional issue. Tins situation is exemplified by the development of housing in rural areas, small towns and cities. Domination of the people in certain areas make them more powerful in terms of geopolitics and able to influence those candidates or leaders that stand for election. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of housing development toward geopolitic in Malaysia, specifically Kuala Lumpur, This research used the field observations, literature review and primary data from housing authorities. The finding of this research showed that housing development devotes power of creating votes/geopolitical areas in Kuala Lumpur. Malay people inhabit low-cost housing under government management, but for high-cost houses are dominated by Chinese and veiyfew Malays live there. The ethnic who dominates the housing area will delegate representatives from their ethnicity. However, the action of the Federal Government has announced affordable housing programs, especially within urban area is seen as a positive effort to ensure young people can own their own homes and thus provide social welfare to the people in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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