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1. The Decreasing Prevalence of Nonrefractive Visual Impairment in Older Europeans: A Meta-analysis of Published and Unpublished Data

Author

Delcourt, C., Le Goff, M., von Hanno, T., Mirshahi, A., Khawaja, A. P., Verhoeven, V. J. M., Hogg, R. E., Anastosopoulos, E., Cachulo, M. L., Hohn, R., Wolfram, C., Bron, A., Miotto, S., Carriere, I., Colijn, J. M., Buitendijk, G. H. S., Evans, J., Nitsch, D., Founti, P., Yip, J. L. Y., Pfeiffer, N., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Silva, R., Piermarocchi, S., Topouzis, F., Bertelsen, G., Foster, P. J., Fletcher, A., Klaver, C. C. W., Korobelnik, J. -F., Acar, N., Azuara-Blanco, A., Berendschot, T., Bergen, A., Binquet, C., Bird, A., Bobak, M., Boon, C., Bretillon, L., Broe, R., Buitendijk, G., Capuano, V., Chakravarthy, U., Chan, M., Chang, P., Colijn, J., Cougnard-Gregoire, A., Cree, A., Cumberland, P., Cunha-Vaz, J., Daien, V., De Jong, E., Deak, G., Delyfer, M. -N., den Hollander, A., Dietzel, M., Erke, M. G., Faria, P., Farinha, C., Fauser, S., Finger, R., Foster, P., Gorgels, T., Grauslund, J., Grus, F., Hammond, C., Hansen, M., Helmer, C., Hense, H. -W., Hermann, M., Hoehn, R., Hogg, R., Holz, F., Hoyng, C., Jansonius, N., Janssen, S., Kersten, E., Khawaja, A., Klaver, C., Lamparter, J., Lechanteur, Y., Lehtimaki, T., Leung, I., Lotery, A., Mauschitz, M., Meester, M., Merle, B., Meyer zu Westrup, V., Midena, E., Mohan-Said, S., Mueller, M., Muldrew, A., Murta, J., Nickels, S., Nunes, S., Owen, C., Peto, T., Prokofyeva, E., Rahi, J., Raitakari, O., Rauscher, F., Ribeiro, L., Rougier, M. -B., Rudnicka, A., Randjvar, Sahel, Salonikiou, A., Sanchez, C., Schmitz-Valckenberg, S., Schouten, J., Schuster, A., Schweitzer, C., Segato, T., Shehata, J., Silvestri, G., Simader, C., Souied, E., Speckauskas, M., Springelkamp, H., Tapp, R., van Leeuwen, E., Verhoeven, V., Verzijden, T., Von Hanno, T., Vujosevic, S., Wiedemann, P., Williams, K., Yip, J., and Zerbib, J.

Subjects
Europe, Aged, Humans, Prevalence, Vision, Low, Visually Impaired Persons, Visual Acuity, Vision, Low
Abstract

TOPIC: To estimate the prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness in European persons 55 years of age and older. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Few visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates are available for the European population. In addition, many of the data collected in European population-based studies currently are unpublished and have not been included in previous estimates. METHODS: Fourteen European population-based studies participating in the European Eye Epidemiology Consortium (n = 70 723) were included. Each study provided nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates stratified by age (10-year strata) and gender. Nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness were defined as best-corrected visual acuity worse than 20/60 and 20/400 in the better eye, respectively. Using random effects meta-analysis, prevalence rates were estimated according to age, gender, geographical area, and period (1991-2006 and 2007-2012). Because no data were available for Central and Eastern Europe, population projections for numbers of affected people were estimated using Eurostat population estimates for European high-income countries in 2000 and 2010. RESULTS: The age-standardized prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment in people 55 years of age or older decreased from 2.22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-3.10) from 1991 through 2006 to 0.92% (95% CI, 0.42-1.42) from 2007 through 2012. It strongly increased with age in both periods (up to 15.69% and 4.39% in participants 85 years of age or older from 1991 through 2006 and from 2007 through 2012, respectively). Age-standardized prevalence of visual impairment tended to be higher in women than men from 1991 through 2006 (2.67% vs. 1.88%), but not from 2007 through 2012 (0.87% vs. 0.88%). No differences were observed between northern, western, and southern regions of Europe. The projected numbers of affected older inhabitants in European high-income countries decreased from 2.5 million affected individuals in 2000 to 1.2 million in 2010. Of those, 584 000 were blind in 2000, in comparison with 170 000 who were blind in 2010. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increase in the European older population, our study indicated that the number of visually impaired people has decreased in European high-income countries in the last 20 years. This may be the result of major improvements in eye care and prevention, the decreasing prevalence of eye diseases, or both.

Published
2018

6. Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Levels Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration Evidence from the EYE-RISK and European Eye Epidemiology Consortia

Author

Colijn, J.M., Hollander, A.I. den, Demirkan, A., Cougnard-Gregoire, A., Verzijden, T., Kersten, E., Meester-Smoor, M.A., Merle, B.M.J., Papageorgiou, G., Ahmad, S., Mulder, M.T., Costa, M.A., Benlian, P., Bertelsen, G., Bron, A.M., Claes, B., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Erke, M.G., Fauser, S., Foster, P.J., Hammond, C.J., Hense, H.W., Hoyng, C.B., Khawaja, A.P., Korobelnik, J.F., Piermarocchi, S., Segato, T., Silva, R., Souied, E.H., Williams, K.M., Duijn, C.M. van, Delcourt, C., Klaver, C.C.W., Acar, N., Altay, L., Anastosopoulos, E., Azuara-Blanco, A., Berendschot, T., Bergen, A., Binquet, C., Bird, A., Bobak, M., Larsen, M.B., Boon, C., Bourne, R., Bretillon, L., Broe, R., Bron, A., Buitendijk, G., Cachulo, M.L., Capuano, V., Carriere, I., Chakravarthy, U., Chan, M., Chang, P., Colijn, J., Cree, A., Cumberland, P., Cunha-Vaz, J., Daien, V., Jong, E. de, Deak, G., Delyfer, M.N., Hollander, A. den, Dietzel, M., Faria, P., Farinha, C., Finger, R., Fletcher, A., Foster, P., Founti, P., Gorgels, T., Grauslund, J., Grus, F., Hammond, C., Heesterbeek, T., Hermann, M., Hoehn, R., Hogg, R., Holz, F., Hoyng, C., Jansonius, N., Janssen, S., Khawaja, A., Klaver, C., Lamparter, J., Goff, M. le, Lehtimaki, T., Leung, I., Lotery, A., Mauschitz, M., Meester, M., Merle, B., Westrup, V.M.Z., Midena, E., Miotto, S., Mirshahi, A., Mohan-Said, S., Mueller, M., Muldrew, A., Murta, J., Nickels, S., Nunes, S., Owen, C., Peto, T., Pfeiffer, N., Prokofyeva, E., Rahi, J., Raitakari, O., Rauscher, F., Ribeiro, L., Rougier, M.B., Rudnicka, A., Sahel, J., Salonikiou, A., Sanchez, C., Schick, T., Schmitz-Valckenberg, S., Schuster, A., Schweitzer, C., Shehata, J., Silvestri, G., Simader, C., Souied, E., Speckauskas, M., Springelkamp, H., Tapp, R., Topouzis, F., Leeuwen, E. van, Verhoeven, V., Vingerling, H., Hanno, T. von, Williams, K., Wolfram, C., Yip, J., Zerbib, J., Ajana, S., Arango-Gonzalez, B., Arndt, V., Bhatia, V., Bhattacharya, S.S., Biarnes, M., Borrell, A., Buhren, S., Calado, S.M., Dammeier, S., Jong, E.K. de, Cerda, B. de la, Diaz-Corrales, F.J., Diether, S., Emri, E., Endermann, T., Ferraro, L.L., Garcia, M., Heesterbeek, T.J., Honisch, S., Kilger, E., Langen, H., Lengyel, I., Luthert, P., Maugeais, C., Meester-Smoor, M., Inserm, B.M.J.M., Mones, J., Nogoceke, E., Pool, F.M., Rodriguez, E., Ueffing, M., Bartz-Schmidt, K.U.U., Leeuwen, E.M. van, Zumbansen, M., European Eye Epidemiology Consorti, and EYE-RISK Consortium

Published
2019

7. Increased high density lipoprotein-levels associated with age-related macular degeneration. Evidence from the EYE-RISK and E3 Consortia

Author

Colijn, J.M., Hollander, A.I den, Demirkan, A., Cougnard-Grégoire, A., Verzijden, T., Kersten, E., Meester, M.A., Merle, B.M.J., Papageorgiou, G., Ahmad, S., Mulder, M.T., Costa, M.A., Benlian, P., Bertelsen, G., Bron, A., Claes, B., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Erke, M.G., Fauser, S., Foster, P.J., Hammond, C.J., Hense, H.W., Hoyng, C.B., Khawaja, A.P., Korobelnik, J., Piermarocchi, S., Segato, T., Silva, R., Souied, E.H., Williams, K.M., van Duijn, C.M., Delcourt, C., Klaver, C.C.W., ProdInra, Migration, Exploring the combined role of genetic and non-genetic factors for developing Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A systems level analysis of disease subgroups, risk factors, and pathways - EYE-RISK - - H20202015-05-01 - 2019-04-30 - 634479 - VALID, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Erasmus University Rotterdam, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (EGENODIA (GI3M)), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway] (UiT), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), University of Muenster, Oslo University Hospital [Oslo], University Hospital of Cologne, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, King‘s College London, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Coimbra University Hospital (CHUC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), European Project: 634479,H2020,H2020-PHC-2014-two-stage,EYE-RISK(2015), Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283 (GI3M), The Arctic University of Norway, and Universita di Padova

Subjects
high-density lipoproteins, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, genetic structures, High HDL associated with AMD [Running head], Age-related macular degeneration, E3 Consortium, cholesterol, eye diseases, lipids, running head: high HDL associated with AMD, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), sense organs, E3 consortium, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, age-related macular degeneration, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

The EYE-RISK Consortium = Soufiane Ajana1, Blanca Arango-Gonzalez2, Verena Arndt3, Vaibhav Bhatia4, Shomi S. Bhattacharya4, Marc Biarnés5, Anna Borrell5, Sebastian Bühren6, Sofia M. Calado4, Johanna M. Colijn7,8, Audrey Cougnard-Grégoire1, Sascha Dammeier2, Eiko K. de Jong9, Berta De la Cerda4, Cécile Delcourt1, Anneke I. den Hollander9,10, Francisco J. Diaz-Corrales4, Sigrid Diether2, Eszter Emri11, Tanja Endermann3, Lucia L. Ferraro5, Míriam Garcia5, Thomas J. Heesterbeek9, Sabina Honisch2, Carel B. Hoyng9, Eveline Kersten9, Ellen Kilger2, Caroline C.W. Klaver7,8,9, Hanno Langen12, Imre Lengyel11, Phil Luthert13, Cyrille Maugeais12, Magda Meester-Smoor7,8, Bénédicte M.J. Merle1, Jordi Monés5, Everson Nogoceke12, Tunde Peto14, Frances M. Pool15, Eduardo Rodríguez5, Marius Ueffing2,16, Karl U. Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt2,16, Elisabeth M. van Leeuwen7,8, Timo Verzijden7,8, Markus Zumbansen17. [1 Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team LEHA, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France. 2 Centre for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, University Clinic Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany. 3 Assay Development, AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany. 4 Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Centre (CABIMER), Seville, Spain. 5 Barcelona Macula Foundation, Barcelona, Spain. 6 Business Development, AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany. 7 Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 8 Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 9 Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. 10 Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. 11 Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom. 12 Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland. 13 Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom. 14 Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom. 15 Ocular biology, UCL Institute of Opthalmology, London, United Kingdom. 16 Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany. 17 Research and & Development, AYOXXA Biosystems GmbH, Cologne, Germany.]; International audience; PURPOSE: Genetic and epidemiologic studies have shown that lipid genes and High Density Lipoproteins (HDL) are implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We studied circulating lipid levels in relation to AMD in a large European dataset, and investigated whether this relationship is driven by certain sub fractions. DESIGN: (Pooled) analysis of cross-sectional data. PARTICIPANTS: 30,953 individuals aged 50+ participating in the E3 consortium; and 1530 individuals from the Rotterdam Study with lipid sub fraction data. METHODS: In E3, AMD features were graded per eye on fundus photographs using the Rotterdam Classification. Routine blood lipid measurements were available from each participant. Data on genetics, medication and confounders such as body mass index, were obtained from a common database. In a subgroup of the Rotterdam Study, lipid sub fractions were identified by the Nightingale biomarker platform. Random-intercepts mixed-effects models incorporating confounders and study site as a random-effect were used to estimate the associations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: early, late or any AMD, phenotypic features of early AMD, lipid measurements. RESULTS: HDL was associated with an increased risk of AMD, corrected for potential confounders (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.21 per 1mmol/L increase (95% confidence interval[CI] 1.14-1.29); while triglycerides were associated with a decreased risk (OR 0.94 per 1mmol/L increase [95%CI 0.91-0.97]). Both were associated with drusen size, higher HDL raises the odds of larger drusen while higher triglycerides decreases the odds. LDL-cholesterol only reached statistical significance in the association with early AMD (p=0.045). Regarding lipid sub fractions: the concentration of extra-large HDL particles showed the most prominent association with AMD (OR 1.24 [95%CI 1.10-1.40]). The CETP risk variant (rs17231506) for AMD was in line with increased-HDL levels (p=7.7x10(-7)); but LIPC risk variants (rs2043085, rs2070895) were associated in an opposite way (p=1.0x10(-6) and 1.6x10(-4)). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that HDL-cholesterol is associated with increased risk of AMD and triglycerides negatively associated. Both show the strongest association with early AMD and drusen. Extra-large HDL sub fractions seem to be drivers in the relation with AMD, variants in lipid genes play a more ambiguous role in this association. Whether systemic lipids directly influence AMD or represent lipid metabolism in the retina remains a question to be answered.

Published
2019

8. Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Levels Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence from the EYE-RISK and European Eye Epidemiology Consortia

Author

COLIJN, J. M., DEN HOLLANDER, A. I., DEMIRKAN, A., COUGNARD-GREGOIRE, Audrey, VERZIJDEN, T., KERSTEN, E., MEESTER-SMOOR, M. A., MERLE, Benedicte M J, PAPAGEORGIOU, G., AHMAD, S., MULDER, M. T., COSTA, M. A., BENLIAN, P., BERTELSEN, G., BRON, A. M., CLAES, B., CREUZOT-GARCHER, C., ERKE, M. G., FAUSER, S., FOSTER, P. J., HAMMOND, C. J., HENSE, H. W., HOYNG, C. B., KHAWAJA, A. P., KOROBELNIK, Jean-Francois, PIERMAROCCHI, S., SEGATO, T., SILVA, R., SOUIED, E. H., WILLIAMS, K. M., VAN DUIJN, C. M., DELCOURT, Cecile, KLAVER, C. C. W., and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN)

Subjects
genetic structures, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), sense organs, eye diseases
Abstract

PURPOSE: Genetic and epidemiologic studies have shown that lipid genes and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We studied circulating lipid levels in relationship to AMD in a large European dataset. DESIGN: Pooled analysis of cross-sectional data. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals (N = 30 953) aged 50 years or older participating in the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium and 1530 individuals from the Rotterdam Study with lipid subfraction data. METHODS: AMD features were graded on fundus photographs using the Rotterdam classification. Routine blood lipid measurements, genetics, medication, and potential confounders were extracted from the E3 database. In a subgroup of the Rotterdam Study, lipid subfractions were identified by the Nightingale biomarker platform. Random-intercepts mixed-effects models incorporating confounders and study site as a random effect were used to estimate associations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: AMD features and stage; lipid measurements. RESULTS: HDL was associated with an increased risk of AMD (odds ratio [OR], 1.21 per 1-mmol/l increase; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-1.29), whereas triglycerides were associated with a decreased risk (OR, 0.94 per 1-mmol/l increase; 95% CI, 0.91-0.97). Both were associated with drusen size. Higher HDL raised the odds of larger drusen, whereas higher triglycerides decreases the odds. LDL cholesterol reached statistical significance only in the association with early AMD (P = 0.045). Regarding lipid subfractions, the concentration of extra-large HDL particles showed the most prominent association with AMD (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10-1.40). The cholesteryl ester transfer protein risk variant (rs17231506) for AMD was in line with increased HDL levels (P = 7.7 × 10-7), but lipase C risk variants (rs2043085, rs2070895) were associated in an opposite way (P = 1.0 × 10-6 and P = 1.6 × 10-4). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggested that HDL cholesterol is associated with increased risk of AMD and that triglycerides are negatively associated. Both show the strongest association with early AMD and drusen. Extra-large HDL subfractions seem to be drivers in the relationship with AMD, and variants in lipid genes play a more ambiguous role in this association. Whether systemic lipids directly influence AMD or represent lipid metabolism in the retina remains to be answered.

Published
2019

10. Contributor contact details

Author

Ahvenainen, R., primary, Vermeiren, Ir.L, additional, Heirlings, Ir.L, additional, Devlieghere, Ir.F, additional, Debevere, Ir.J, additional, Han, J.H, additional, Steven, Mr M.D, additional, Hotchkiss, J.H, additional, Taoukis, P.S, additional, Labuza, T., additional, Smolander, Maria, additional, Linssen, J.P.H, additional, van Willige, R.W.G, additional, Dekkar, M, additional, Powers, Mr Thomas H, additional, Calvo, William J, additional, Day, B.P.F., additional, Devlieghere, Ir.F., additional, Debevere, Ir.J., additional, Gil, M.I., additional, Beirne, D.O′, additional, Francis, G.A., additional, Hurme, Mr E, additional, Rosnes, J.T, additional, Sivertsvik, M, additional, Skåra, T, additional, Lucas, J, additional, Hertog, Maarten, additional, Banks, N.H, additional, Gill, Colin O., additional, Jakobsen, M, additional, Bertelsen, G., additional, Calero, F.Artés, additional, Gómez, P, additional, Lyijynen, Ms T, additional, Ahvenainen, R, additional, de Kruijf, Ir N, additional, Rijk, Mr R, additional, Franz, R, additional, Welle, F, additional, de Vlieger, J.J, additional, Järvi-Kääriäinen, Ms I. Terhen, additional, and Lähteenmäki, Liisa, additional

Published
2003
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11. Effect of dietary levels of fat, [alpha]-tocopherol and astaxanthin on colour and lipid oxidation during storage of frozen rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and during chill storage of smoked trout

Author

Jensen, Claus, Birk, Else, Jokumsen, Alfred, Skibsted, Leif H., and Bertelsen, G.

Subjects
Rainbow trout -- Nutritional aspects, Fat -- Nutritional aspects, Phytochemicals -- Nutritional aspects, Lipid peroxidation -- Observations, Food -- Storage, Food -- Evaluation, Business, international
Abstract

Byline: Claus Jensen (1), Else Birk (2), Alfred Jokumsen (2), Leif H. Skibsted (1), G. Bertelsen (1) Keywords: Key wordsaRainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss); Astaxanthin; [alpha]-Tocopherol; Pigmentation; Lipid oxidation Abstract: aFemale rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with an initial weight of 0.8--0.9kg were raised in two experiments including a total of 2550 fish divided into 17 groups. The fish were raised for 6 months on 13 different feeds (four fish groups were replicates) varying in dietary levels of fat (27% or 32%), astaxanthin (40, 70 or 100mg astaxanthin/kg feed) and vitamin E ([alpha]-tocopherol 100, 300 or 600mg all-rac-[alpha]-tocopheryl acetate/kg feed). The levels of fat, astaxanthin and [alpha]-tocopherol in the fillets all increased with increasing dietary levels of each feed component. Furthermore, astaxanthin deposition was found to be significantly improved by increasing the dietary fat level from 27% to 32%, but was not affected by dietary levels of [alpha]-tocopherol. The highest deposition of [alpha]-tocopherol was found in fish fed the lowest level of astaxanthin (40mg/kg), whereas [alpha]-tocopherol deposition was unaffected by the dietary fat level. Frozen storage (--28aadegC) of gutted, cleaned and glazed raw fish for 18 months significantly reduced astaxanthin and [alpha]-tocopherol levels, while lipid oxidation, measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was limited. In the first experiment, the highest TBARS levels were found during frozen storage in fish fed the lowest level of astaxanthin (40 mg/kg versus 70 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) unaffected by dietary levels of [alpha]-tocopherol (100 mg/kg versus 600 mg/kg), whereas the dietary astaxanthin level (70 mg/kg versus 100 mg/kg) did not influence lipid oxidation in frozen fish in the second experiment. After brine injection, fillets of fish were smoked and a vacuum-packed (95%), sliced product in a transparent laminate was produced. The quality (pigmentation and lipid oxidation) during 3 weeks of illuminated, chill storage (3aadegC) was compared for smoked products produced from fresh fish and from fish stored at --28aadegC for 12 months and 18 months. Smoked fillets from fish fed 32% fat were found to be less red than those from fish fed 27% fat, and the astaxanthin content and surface redness of the smoked product decreased during chill storage. Lipid oxidation was pronounced in smoked trout, but a high level of [alpha]-tocopherol in the fillet significantly reduced lipid oxidation during chill storage of the smoked product. Lipid oxidation in smoked fillets from fish fed 32% fat was more pronounced than in fish fed 27% fat, but increasing the dietary [alpha]-tocopherol level from 300 mg/kg feed to 600 mg/kg feed effectively counteracted the negative effect of the high-fat diet on lipid oxidation in the smoked product. Astaxanthin did not affect lipid oxidation in the chill-stored smoked product, in contrast to the frozen, raw fish. Astaxanthin seems to protect against the very early stages of lipid oxidation, while [alpha]-tocopherol is more important as an antioxidant at more advanced stages of lipid oxidation. Author Affiliation: (1) Department of Dairy and Food Science, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark e-mail: grb@kvl.dk, DK (2) Danish Institute for Fisheries Technology and Aquaculture, Hirtshals, Denmark, DK Article note: Received: 8 January 1998 / Revised version: 23 March 1998

Published
1998

15. Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Levels Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Evidence from the EYE-RISK and European Eye Epidemiology Consortia

Author

Colijn, J. M., Verzijden, T., Meester-Smoor, M. A., Klaver, C. C. W., Demirkan, A., Ahmad, S., van Duijn, C. M., den Hollander, A. I., Kersten, E., Hoyng, C. B., Cougnard-Gregoire, A., Merle, B. M. J., Korobelnik, J. -F., Delcourt, C., Papageorgiou, G., Mulder, M. T., Costa, M. A., Silva, R., Benlian, P., Bertelsen, G., Bron, A. M., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Claes, B., Hense, H. -W., Erke, M. G., Fauser, S., Foster, P. J., Khawaja, A. P., Hammond, C. J., Williams, K. M., Piermarocchi, S., Segato, T., Souied, E. H., Acar, N., Altay, L., Anastosopoulos, E., Azuara-Blanco, A., Berendschot, T., Bergen, A., Binquet, C., Bird, A., Bobak, M., Larsen, M. B., Boon, C., Bourne, R., Bretillon, L., Broe, R., Bron, A., Buitendijk, G., Cachulo, M. L., Capuano, V., Carriere, I., Chakravarthy, U., Chan, M., Chang, P., Colijn, J., Cree, A., Cumberland, P., Cunha-Vaz, J., Daien, V., De Jong, E., Deak, G., Delyfer, M. -N., Hollander, A. D., Dietzel, M., Faria, P., Farinha, C., Finger, R., Fletcher, A., Foster, P., Founti, P., Gorgels, T., Grauslund, J., Grus, F., Hammond, C., Heesterbeek, T., Hermann, M., Hoehn, R., Hogg, R., Holz, F., Hoyng, C., Jansonius, N., Janssen, S., de Jong, E., Khawaja, A., Klaver, C., Lamparter, J., Le Goff, M., Lehtimaki, T., Leung, I., Lotery, A., Mauschitz, M., Meester, M., Merle, B., Meyer zu Westrup, V., Midena, E., Miotto, S., Mirshahi, A., Mohan-Said, S., Mueller, M., Muldrew, A., Murta, J., Nickels, S., Nunes, S., Owen, C., Peto, T., Pfeiffer, N., Prokofyeva, E., Rahi, J., Raitakari, O., Rauscher, F., Ribeiro, L., Rougier, M. -B., Rudnicka, A., Randjvar, Sahel, Salonikiou, A., Sanchez, C., Schick, T., Schmitz-Valckenberg, S., Schuster, A., Schweitzer, C., Shehata, J., Silvestri, G., Simader, C., Souied, E., Speckauskas, M., Springelkamp, H., Tapp, R., Topouzis, F., van Leeuwen, E., Verhoeven, V., Vingerling, H., Von Hanno, T., Williams, K., Wolfram, C., Yip, J., Zerbib, J., Ajana, S., Arango-Gonzalez, B., Arndt, V., Bhatia, V., Bhattacharya, S. S., Biarnes, M., Borrell, A., Buhren, S., Calado, S. M., Dammeier, S., de Jong, E. K., De la Cerda, B., Diaz-Corrales, F. J., Diether, S., Emri, E., Endermann, T., Ferraro, L. L., Garcia, M., Heesterbeek, T. J., Honisch, S., Kilger, E., Langen, H., Lengyel, I., Luthert, P., Maugeais, C., Meester-Smoor, M., Merle Inserm, B. M. J., Mones, J., Nogoceke, E., Pool, F. M., Rodriguez, E., Ueffing, M., Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, K. U., van Leeuwen, E. M., and Zumbansen, M.

Subjects
Male, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, HDL, genetic structures, European Continental Ancestry Group, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, White People, LDL, Macular Degeneration, Risk Factors, 80 and over, Odds Ratio, Humans, Metabolomics, European Union, Polymorphism, Triglycerides, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cholesterol, HDL, Single Nucleotide, Cholesterol, LDL, Middle Aged, Lipid Metabolism, eye diseases, Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins, Cholesterol, Cross-Sectional Studies, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, sense organs
Abstract

Purpose Genetic and epidemiologic studies have shown that lipid genes and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We studied circulating lipid levels in relationship to AMD in a large European dataset. Design Pooled analysis of cross-sectional data. Participants Individuals (N = 30 953) aged 50 years or older participating in the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium and 1530 individuals from the Rotterdam Study with lipid subfraction data. Methods AMD features were graded on fundus photographs using the Rotterdam classification. Routine blood lipid measurements, genetics, medication, and potential confounders were extracted from the E3 database. In a subgroup of the Rotterdam Study, lipid subfractions were identified by the Nightingale biomarker platform. Random-intercepts mixed-effects models incorporating confounders and study site as a random effect were used to estimate associations. Main Outcome Measures AMD features and stage; lipid measurements. Results HDL was associated with an increased risk of AMD (odds ratio [OR], 1.21 per 1-mmol/l increase; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–1.29), whereas triglycerides were associated with a decreased risk (OR, 0.94 per 1-mmol/l increase; 95% CI, 0.91–0.97). Both were associated with drusen size. Higher HDL raised the odds of larger drusen, whereas higher triglycerides decreases the odds. LDL cholesterol reached statistical significance only in the association with early AMD (P = 0.045). Regarding lipid subfractions, the concentration of extra-large HDL particles showed the most prominent association with AMD (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10–1.40). The cholesteryl ester transfer protein risk variant (rs17231506) for AMD was in line with increased HDL levels (P = 7.7 × 10–7), but lipase C risk variants (rs2043085, rs2070895) were associated in an opposite way (P = 1.0 × 10–6 and P = 1.6 × 10–4). Conclusions Our study suggested that HDL cholesterol is associated with increased risk of AMD and that triglycerides are negatively associated. Both show the strongest association with early AMD and drusen. Extra-large HDL subfractions seem to be drivers in the relationship with AMD, and variants in lipid genes play a more ambiguous role in this association. Whether systemic lipids directly influence AMD or represent lipid metabolism in the retina remains to be answered.

Published
2018

17. The Decreasing Prevalence of Nonrefractive Visual Impairment in Older Europeans: A Meta-analysis of Published and Unpublished Data

Author

Delcourt, C, Goff, M. Le, Hanno, T. von, Mirshahi, A., Khawaja, A.P., Verhoeven, V.J., Hogg, R.E., Anastosopoulos, E., Cachulo, M.L., Hohn, R., Wolfram, C., Bron, A.M., Miotto, S., Carriere, I., Colijn, J.M., Buitendijk, G.H., Evans, J., Nitsch, D., Founti, P., Yip, J.L.Y., Pfeiffer, N., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Silva, R. de, Piermarocchi, S., Topouzis, F., Bertelsen, G., Foster, P.J., Fletcher, A., Klaver, C.C.W., Korobelnik, J.F., Delcourt, C, Goff, M. Le, Hanno, T. von, Mirshahi, A., Khawaja, A.P., Verhoeven, V.J., Hogg, R.E., Anastosopoulos, E., Cachulo, M.L., Hohn, R., Wolfram, C., Bron, A.M., Miotto, S., Carriere, I., Colijn, J.M., Buitendijk, G.H., Evans, J., Nitsch, D., Founti, P., Yip, J.L.Y., Pfeiffer, N., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Silva, R. de, Piermarocchi, S., Topouzis, F., Bertelsen, G., Foster, P.J., Fletcher, A., Klaver, C.C.W., and Korobelnik, J.F.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, TOPIC: To estimate the prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness in European persons 55 years of age and older. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Few visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates are available for the European population. In addition, many of the data collected in European population-based studies currently are unpublished and have not been included in previous estimates. METHODS: Fourteen European population-based studies participating in the European Eye Epidemiology Consortium (n = 70 723) were included. Each study provided nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness prevalence estimates stratified by age (10-year strata) and gender. Nonrefractive visual impairment and blindness were defined as best-corrected visual acuity worse than 20/60 and 20/400 in the better eye, respectively. Using random effects meta-analysis, prevalence rates were estimated according to age, gender, geographical area, and period (1991-2006 and 2007-2012). Because no data were available for Central and Eastern Europe, population projections for numbers of affected people were estimated using Eurostat population estimates for European high-income countries in 2000 and 2010. RESULTS: The age-standardized prevalence of nonrefractive visual impairment in people 55 years of age or older decreased from 2.22% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34-3.10) from 1991 through 2006 to 0.92% (95% CI, 0.42-1.42) from 2007 through 2012. It strongly increased with age in both periods (up to 15.69% and 4.39% in participants 85 years of age or older from 1991 through 2006 and from 2007 through 2012, respectively). Age-standardized prevalence of visual impairment tended to be higher in women than men from 1991 through 2006 (2.67% vs. 1.88%), but not from 2007 through 2012 (0.87% vs. 0.88%). No differences were observed between northern, western, and southern regions of Europe. The projected numbers of affected older inhabitants in European high-income countries decreased from 2.5 m

Published
2018

19. Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Europe: The Past and the Future

Author

Colijn, J.M. (Johanna), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Prokofyeva, E. (Elena), Alves, D. (Dalila), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria L.), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Merle, B.M.J. (Bénédicte M.J.), Korb, C. (Christina), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Bron, A. (Alain), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Meester-Smoor, M.A. (Magda), Segato, T. (Tatiana), Piermarocchi, S. (Stefano), Jong, P.T.V.M. (Paulus) de, Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Pfeiffer, A.F.H. (Andreas), Fletcher, A.E. (Astrid E.), Foster, P.J. (Paul), Silva, R. (Rufino), Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Ajana, S. (Soufiane), Arango-Gonzalez, B. (Blanca), Arndt, V. (Verena), Bhatia, V. (Vaibhav), Bhattacharya, S.S. (Shomi S.), Biarnés, M. (Marc), Borrell, A. (Anna), Bühren, S. (Sebastian), Calado, S.M. (Sofia M.), Colijn, J.M. (Johanna M.), Dammeier, S. (Sascha), Jong, E.K. (Eiko) de, De la Cerda, B. (Berta), den Hollander, A.I. (Anneke I.), Diaz-Corrales, F.J. (Francisco J.), Diether, S. (Sigrid), Emri, E. (Eszter), Endermann, T. (Tanja), Ferraro, L.L. (Lucia L.), Garcia, M. (Míriam), Heesterbeek, T.J. (Thomas J.), Honisch, S. (Sabina), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel B.), Kersten, E. (Eveline), Kilger, E. (Ellen), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline C.W.), Langen, H. (Hanno), Lengyel, I. (Imre), Luthert, P. (Phil), Maugeais, C. (Cyrille), Meester-Smoor, M. (Magda), Monés, J. (Jordi), Nogoceke, E. (Everson), Peto, T. (Tunde), Pool, F.M. (Frances M.), Rodríguez, E. (Eduardo), Ueffing, M. (Marius), Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, K.U. (Karl U.), van Leeuwen, E.M. (Elisabeth M.), Verzijden, T. (Timo), Zumbansen, M. (Markus), Acar, N. (Niyazi), Anastosopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Azuara-Blanco, A. (Augusto), Bergen, A.A.B. (Arthur), Binquet, C. (Christine), Bird, A.C. (Alan), Bretillon, L. (Lionel), Buitendijk, G. (Gabrielle), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria Luz), Chakravarthy, U. (Usha), Chan, M. (Michelle), Chang, P. (Petrus), Colijn, J. (Johanna), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Cunha-Vaz, J. (José), Daien, V. (Vincent), Deak, G. (Gabor), Delyfer, M.-N. (Marie-Noëlle), Hollander, A.I. (Anneke), Dietzel, M. (Martha), Fauser, S. (Sascha), Finger, R. (Robert), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Founti, P. (Panayiota), Göbel, A. (Arno), Gorgels, T.G.M.F. (Theo), Grauslund, J. (Jakob), Grus, F. (Franz), Hammond, C.J. (Christopher), Helmer, C. (Catherine), Hense, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Hermann, M. (Manuel), Hoehn, R. (René), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Holz, F.G. (Frank), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel), Jansonius, N.M. (Nomdo), Janssen, S.F. (Sarah), Khawaja, A. (Anthony), Lamparter, J. (Julia), Le Goff, M. (Mélanie), Leal, S. (Sergio), Lechanteur, Y.T.E. (Yara T. E.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Lotery, A.J. (Andrew), Leung, I. (Irene), Mauschitz, M. (Matthias), Merle, B. (Bénédicte), Meyer zu Westrup, V. (Verena), Midena, E. (Edoardo), Miotto, S. (Stefania), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Mohan-Saïd, S. (Sadek), Mueller, M. (Michael), Muldrew, A. (Alyson), Nunes, S. (Sandrina), Oexle, K. (Konrad), Peto, T. (Tünde), Rahi, J. (Jugnoo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ribeiro, L. (Luisa), Rougier, M.-B. (Marie-Bénédicte), Sahel, J.-A. (José-Alain), Salonikiou, A. (Aggeliki), Sanchez, C. (Clarisa), Schmitz-Valckenberg, S. (Steffen), Schweitzer, C.M.C. (C. M C), Shehata, J. (Jasmin), Silvestri, G. (Giuliana), Simader, C. (Christian), Souied, E.H. (Eric), Springelkamp, H. (Henriët), Tapp, R. (Robyn), Verhoeven, V. (Virginie), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Vujosevic, S. (Stela), Williams, K. (Katie), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Yip, J. (Jennifer), Zerbib, J. (Jennyfer), Zwiener, I. (Isabella), Colijn, J.M. (Johanna), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Prokofyeva, E. (Elena), Alves, D. (Dalila), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria L.), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Merle, B.M.J. (Bénédicte M.J.), Korb, C. (Christina), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Bron, A. (Alain), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Meester-Smoor, M.A. (Magda), Segato, T. (Tatiana), Piermarocchi, S. (Stefano), Jong, P.T.V.M. (Paulus) de, Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Pfeiffer, A.F.H. (Andreas), Fletcher, A.E. (Astrid E.), Foster, P.J. (Paul), Silva, R. (Rufino), Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Ajana, S. (Soufiane), Arango-Gonzalez, B. (Blanca), Arndt, V. (Verena), Bhatia, V. (Vaibhav), Bhattacharya, S.S. (Shomi S.), Biarnés, M. (Marc), Borrell, A. (Anna), Bühren, S. (Sebastian), Calado, S.M. (Sofia M.), Colijn, J.M. (Johanna M.), Dammeier, S. (Sascha), Jong, E.K. (Eiko) de, De la Cerda, B. (Berta), den Hollander, A.I. (Anneke I.), Diaz-Corrales, F.J. (Francisco J.), Diether, S. (Sigrid), Emri, E. (Eszter), Endermann, T. (Tanja), Ferraro, L.L. (Lucia L.), Garcia, M. (Míriam), Heesterbeek, T.J. (Thomas J.), Honisch, S. (Sabina), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel B.), Kersten, E. (Eveline), Kilger, E. (Ellen), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline C.W.), Langen, H. (Hanno), Lengyel, I. (Imre), Luthert, P. (Phil), Maugeais, C. (Cyrille), Meester-Smoor, M. (Magda), Monés, J. (Jordi), Nogoceke, E. (Everson), Peto, T. (Tunde), Pool, F.M. (Frances M.), Rodríguez, E. (Eduardo), Ueffing, M. (Marius), Ulrich Bartz-Schmidt, K.U. (Karl U.), van Leeuwen, E.M. (Elisabeth M.), Verzijden, T. (Timo), Zumbansen, M. (Markus), Acar, N. (Niyazi), Anastosopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Azuara-Blanco, A. (Augusto), Bergen, A.A.B. (Arthur), Binquet, C. (Christine), Bird, A.C. (Alan), Bretillon, L. (Lionel), Buitendijk, G. (Gabrielle), Cachulo, M.L. (Maria Luz), Chakravarthy, U. (Usha), Chan, M. (Michelle), Chang, P. (Petrus), Colijn, J. (Johanna), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Cunha-Vaz, J. (José), Daien, V. (Vincent), Deak, G. (Gabor), Delyfer, M.-N. (Marie-Noëlle), Hollander, A.I. (Anneke), Dietzel, M. (Martha), Fauser, S. (Sascha), Finger, R. (Robert), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Founti, P. (Panayiota), Göbel, A. (Arno), Gorgels, T.G.M.F. (Theo), Grauslund, J. (Jakob), Grus, F. (Franz), Hammond, C.J. (Christopher), Helmer, C. (Catherine), Hense, H.-W. (Hans-Werner), Hermann, M. (Manuel), Hoehn, R. (René), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Holz, F.G. (Frank), Hoyng, C.B. (Carel), Jansonius, N.M. (Nomdo), Janssen, S.F. (Sarah), Khawaja, A. (Anthony), Lamparter, J. (Julia), Le Goff, M. (Mélanie), Leal, S. (Sergio), Lechanteur, Y.T.E. (Yara T. E.), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Lotery, A.J. (Andrew), Leung, I. (Irene), Mauschitz, M. (Matthias), Merle, B. (Bénédicte), Meyer zu Westrup, V. (Verena), Midena, E. (Edoardo), Miotto, S. (Stefania), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Mohan-Saïd, S. (Sadek), Mueller, M. (Michael), Muldrew, A. (Alyson), Nunes, S. (Sandrina), Oexle, K. (Konrad), Peto, T. (Tünde), Rahi, J. (Jugnoo), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Ribeiro, L. (Luisa), Rougier, M.-B. (Marie-Bénédicte), Sahel, J.-A. (José-Alain), Salonikiou, A. (Aggeliki), Sanchez, C. (Clarisa), Schmitz-Valckenberg, S. (Steffen), Schweitzer, C.M.C. (C. M C), Shehata, J. (Jasmin), Silvestri, G. (Giuliana), Simader, C. (Christian), Souied, E.H. (Eric), Springelkamp, H. (Henriët), Tapp, R. (Robyn), Verhoeven, V. (Virginie), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Vujosevic, S. (Stela), Williams, K. (Katie), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Yip, J. (Jennifer), Zerbib, J. (Jennyfer), and Zwiener, I. (Isabella)

Abstract

Purpose Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a frequent, complex disorder in elderly of European ancestry. Risk profiles and treatment options have changed considerably over the years, which may have affected disease prevalence and outcome. We determined the prevalence of early and late AMD in Europe from 1990 to 2013 using the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium, and made projections for the future. Design Meta-analysis of prevalence data. Participants A total of 42 080 individuals 40 years of age and older participating in 14 population-based cohorts from 10 countries in Europe. Methods AMD was diagnosed based on fundus photographs using the Rotterdam Classification. Prevalence of early and late AMD was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis stratified for age, birth cohort, gender, geographic region, and time period of the study. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was compared between late AMD subtypes; geographic atrophy (GA) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Main Outcome Measures Prevalence of early and late AMD, BCVA, and number of AMD cases. Results Prevalence of early AMD increased from 3.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1%–5.0%) in those aged 55–59 years to 17.6% (95% C

Published
2017
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20. Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Europe

Author

Colijn, Annemarie, Buitendijk, Gabriëlle, Prokofyeva, E, Alves, D, Cachulo, ML, Khawaja, AP, Cougnard-Gregoire, A, Merle, BMJ, Korb, C, Erke, MG, Bron, A, Anastasopoulos, E, Meester - Smoor, Magda, Segato, T, Piermarocchi, S, de Jong, P, Vingerling, Hans, Topouzis, F, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Bertelsen, G, Pfeiffer, N, Fletcher, AE, Foster, PJ, de Silva, R, Korobelnik, JF, Delcourt, C, Klaver, Caroline, Colijn, Annemarie, Buitendijk, Gabriëlle, Prokofyeva, E, Alves, D, Cachulo, ML, Khawaja, AP, Cougnard-Gregoire, A, Merle, BMJ, Korb, C, Erke, MG, Bron, A, Anastasopoulos, E, Meester - Smoor, Magda, Segato, T, Piermarocchi, S, de Jong, P, Vingerling, Hans, Topouzis, F, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Bertelsen, G, Pfeiffer, N, Fletcher, AE, Foster, PJ, de Silva, R, Korobelnik, JF, Delcourt, C, and Klaver, Caroline

Published
2017

21. Ophthalmic epidemiology in Europe: the 'European Eye Epidemiology' (E3) consortium

Author

Delcourt, C, Korobelnik, J.F., Buitendijk, G.H., Foster, P.J., Hammond, C.J., Piermarocchi, S., Peto, T., Jansonius, N., Mirshahi, A., Hogg, R.E., Bretillon, L., Topouzis, F., Deak, G., Grauslund, J., Broe, R., Souied, E.H., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Sahel, J., Daien, V., Lehtimaki, T., Hense, H.W., Prokofyeva, E., Oexle, K., Rahi, J.S., Cumberland, P.M., Schmitz-Valckenberg, S., Fauser, S., Bertelsen, G., Hoyng, C.B., Bergen, A., Silva, R. de, Wolf, S., Lotery, A., Chakravarthy, U., Fletcher, A., Klaver, C.C.W., Delcourt, C, Korobelnik, J.F., Buitendijk, G.H., Foster, P.J., Hammond, C.J., Piermarocchi, S., Peto, T., Jansonius, N., Mirshahi, A., Hogg, R.E., Bretillon, L., Topouzis, F., Deak, G., Grauslund, J., Broe, R., Souied, E.H., Creuzot-Garcher, C., Sahel, J., Daien, V., Lehtimaki, T., Hense, H.W., Prokofyeva, E., Oexle, K., Rahi, J.S., Cumberland, P.M., Schmitz-Valckenberg, S., Fauser, S., Bertelsen, G., Hoyng, C.B., Bergen, A., Silva, R. de, Wolf, S., Lotery, A., Chakravarthy, U., Fletcher, A., and Klaver, C.C.W.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 168005.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access), The European Eye Epidemiology (E3) consortium is a recently formed consortium of 29 groups from 12 European countries. It already comprises 21 population-based studies and 20 other studies (case-control, cases only, randomized trials), providing ophthalmological data on approximately 170,000 European participants. The aim of the consortium is to promote and sustain collaboration and sharing of data and knowledge in the field of ophthalmic epidemiology in Europe, with particular focus on the harmonization of methods for future research, estimation and projection of frequency and impact of visual outcomes in European populations (including temporal trends and European subregions), identification of risk factors and pathways for eye diseases (lifestyle, vascular and metabolic factors, genetics, epigenetics and biomarkers) and development and validation of prediction models for eye diseases. Coordinating these existing data will allow a detailed study of the risk factors and consequences of eye diseases and visual impairment, including study of international geographical variation which is not possible in individual studies. It is expected that collaborative work on these existing data will provide additional knowledge, despite the fact that the risk factors and the methods for collecting them differ somewhat among the participating studies. Most studies also include biobanks of various biological samples, which will enable identification of biomarkers to detect and predict occurrence and progression of eye diseases. This article outlines the rationale of the consortium, its design and presents a summary of the methodology.

Published
2016

22. Prevalence of refractive error in Europe: the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium

Author

Williams, K.M. (Katie M.), Verhoeven, V.J.M. (Virginie), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Kuijpers, R.W.A.M. (Robert), Höhn, R. (René), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony P.), Luben, R.N. (Robert N.), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Mahroo, O. (Omar), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Gieger, C. (Christian), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Bron, A. (Alain), Dartigues, J.-F., Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Rahi, J.S. (Jugnoo), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Pfeiffer, N. (Norbert), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Hammond, C.J. (Christopher), Williams, K.M. (Katie M.), Verhoeven, V.J.M. (Virginie), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Hofman, A. (Albert), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Kuijpers, R.W.A.M. (Robert), Höhn, R. (René), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony P.), Luben, R.N. (Robert N.), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Mahroo, O. (Omar), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Gieger, C. (Christian), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Bron, A. (Alain), Dartigues, J.-F., Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Rahi, J.S. (Jugnoo), Meitinger, T. (Thomas), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Pfeiffer, N. (Norbert), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), and Hammond, C.J. (Christopher)

Abstract

To estimate the prevalence of refractive error in adults across Europe. Refractive data (mean spherical equivalent) collected between 1990 and 2013 from fifteen population-based cohort and cross-sectional studies of the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium were combined in a random effects meta-analysis stratified by 5-year age intervals and gender. Participants were excluded if they were identified as having had cataract surgery, retinal detachment, refractive surgery or other factors that might influence refraction. Estimates of refractive error prevalence were obtained including the following classifications: myopia ≤−0.75 diopters (D), high myopia ≤−6D, hyperopia ≥1D and astigmatism ≥1D. Meta-analysis of refractive error was performed for 61,946 individuals from fifteen studies with median age ranging from 44 to 81 and minimal ethnic variation (98 % European ancestry). The age-standardised prevalences (using the 2010 European Standard Population, limited to those ≥25 and <90 years old) were: myopia 30.6 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 30.4–30.9], high myopia 2.7 % (95 % CI 2.69–2.73), hyperopia 25.2 % (95 % CI 25.0–25.4) and astigmatism 23.9 % (95 % CI 23.7–24.1). Age-specific estimates revealed a high prevalence of myopia in younger participants [47.2 % (CI 41.8–52.5) in 25–29 years-olds]. Refractive error affects just over a half of European adults. The greatest burden of refractive error is due to myopia, with high prevalence rates in young adults. Using the 2010 European population estimates, we estimate there are 227.2 million people with myopia across Europe.

Published
2015
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23. Increasing Prevalence of Myopia in Europe and the Impact of Education

Author

Williams, K.M. (Katie M.), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Verhoeven, V.J.M. (Virginie), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Höhn, R. (René), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony P.), Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Ried, J.S. (Janina), Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Bron, A. (Alain), Dartigues, J.-F. (Jean-François), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Hofman, A. (Albert), Kuijpers, R.W.A.M. (Robert), Luben, R.N. (Robert N.), Oxele, K. (Konrad), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Pfeiffer, A.F.H. (Andreas), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Rahi, J.S. (Jugnoo), Hammond, C.J. (Christopher), Williams, K.M. (Katie M.), Bertelsen, G. (Geir), Cumberland, P. (Phillippa), Wolfram, C. (Christian), Verhoeven, V.J.M. (Virginie), Anastasopoulos, E. (Eleftherios), Buitendijk, G.H.S. (Gabrielle), Cougnard-Grégoire, A. (Audrey), Creuzot-Garcher, C. (Catherine), Erke, M.G. (Maja Gran), Hogg, R. (Ruth), Höhn, R. (René), Hysi, P.G. (Pirro), Khawaja, A.P. (Anthony P.), Korobelnik, J.-F. (Jean-François), Ried, J.S. (Janina), Vingerling, J.R. (Hans), Bron, A. (Alain), Dartigues, J.-F. (Jean-François), Fletcher, A. (Astrid), Hofman, A. (Albert), Kuijpers, R.W.A.M. (Robert), Luben, R.N. (Robert N.), Oxele, K. (Konrad), Topouzis, F. (Fotis), Von Hanno, T. (Therese), Mirshahi, A. (Alireza), Foster, P.J. (Paul J.), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Pfeiffer, A.F.H. (Andreas), Delcourt, C. (Cécile), Klaver, C.C.W. (Caroline), Rahi, J.S. (Jugnoo), and Hammond, C.J. (Christopher)

Abstract

Purpose To investigate whether myopia is becoming more common across Europe and explore whether increasing education levels, an important environmental risk factor for myopia, might explain any temporal trend. Design Meta-analysis of population-based, cross-sectional studies from the European Eye Epidemiology (E3) Consortium. Participants The E3 Consortium is a collaborative network of epidemiological studies of common eye diseases in adults across Europe. Refractive data were available for 61 946 participants from 15 population-based studies performed between 1990 and 2013; participants had a range of median ages from 44 to 78 years. Methods Noncycloplegic refraction, year of birth, and highest educational level achieved were obtained for all participants. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent ≤-0.75 diopters. A random-effects meta-analysis of age-specific myopia prevalence was performed, with sequential analyses stratified by year of birth and highest level of educational attainment. Main Outcome Measures Variation in age-specific myopia prevalence for differing years of birth and educational level. Results There was a significant cohort effect for increasing myopia prevalence across more recent birth decades; age-standardized myopia prevalence increased from 17.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.6-18.1) to 23.5% (95% CI, 23.2-23.7) in those born between 1910 and 1939 compared with 1940 and 1979 (P = 0.03). Education was significantly associated with myopia; for those completing primary, secondary, and higher education, the age-standardized prevalences were 25.4% (CI, 25.0-25.8), 29.1% (CI, 28.8-29.5), and 36.6% (CI, 36.1-37.2), respectively. Although more recent birth cohorts were more educated, this did not fully explain the cohort effect. Compared with the reference risk of participants born in the 1920s with only primary education, higher education or being born in the 1960s doubled the myopia prevalence ratio-2.43 (CI, 1.26

Published
2015
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24. Increasing Prevalence of Myopia in Europe and the Impact of Education

Author

Williams, KM, Bertelsen, G, Cumberland, P, Wolfram, C, Verhoeven, Virginie, Anastasopoulos, E, Buitendijk, Gabriëlle, Cougnard-Gregoire, A, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Erke, MG, Hogg, R, Hohn, R, Hysi, P, Khawaja, AP, Korobelnik, JF, Ried, J, Vingerling, Hans, Bron, A, Dartigues, JF, Fletcher, A, Hofman, Bert, Kuijpers, Robert, Luben, RN, Oxele, K, Topouzis, F, von Hanno, T, Mirshahi, A, Foster, PJ, Duijn, Cornelia, Pfeiffer, N, Delcourt, C, Klaver, Caroline, Rahi, J, Hammond, CJ, Williams, KM, Bertelsen, G, Cumberland, P, Wolfram, C, Verhoeven, Virginie, Anastasopoulos, E, Buitendijk, Gabriëlle, Cougnard-Gregoire, A, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Erke, MG, Hogg, R, Hohn, R, Hysi, P, Khawaja, AP, Korobelnik, JF, Ried, J, Vingerling, Hans, Bron, A, Dartigues, JF, Fletcher, A, Hofman, Bert, Kuijpers, Robert, Luben, RN, Oxele, K, Topouzis, F, von Hanno, T, Mirshahi, A, Foster, PJ, Duijn, Cornelia, Pfeiffer, N, Delcourt, C, Klaver, Caroline, Rahi, J, and Hammond, CJ

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate whether myopia is becoming more common across Europe and explore whether increasing education levels, an important environmental risk factor for myopia, might explain any temporal trend. Design: Meta-analysis of population-based, cross-sectional studies from the European Eye Epidemiology (E-3) Consortium. Participants: The E-3 Consortium is a collaborative network of epidemiological studies of common eye diseases in adults across Europe. Refractive data were available for 61 946 participants from 15 population-based studies performed between 1990 and 2013; participants had a range of median ages from 44 to 78 years. Methods: Noncycloplegic refraction, year of birth, and highest educational level achieved were obtained for all participants. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent <=-0.75 diopters. A random-effects meta-analysis of age-specific myopia prevalence was performed, with sequential analyses stratified by year of birth and highest level of educational attainment. Main Outcome Measures: Variation in age-specific myopia prevalence for differing years of birth and educational level. Results: There was a significant cohort effect for increasing myopia prevalence across more recent birth decades; age-standardized myopia prevalence increased from 17.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.6-18.1) to 23.5% (95% CI, 23.2-23.7) in those born between 1910 and 1939 compared with 1940 and 1979 (P = 0.03). Education was significantly associated with myopia; for those completing primary, secondary, and higher education, the age-standardized prevalences were 25.4% (CI, 25.0-25.8), 29.1% (CI, 28.8-29.5), and 36.6% (CI, 36.1-37.2), respectively. Although more recent birth cohorts were more educated, this did not fully explain the cohort effect. Compared with the reference risk of participants born in the 1920s with only primary education, higher education or being born in the 1960s doubled the myopia prevalence ratio-2.43 (CI, 1.26-4.17) and

Published
2015

25. Prevalence of refractive error in Europe: the European Eye Epidemiology (E-3) Consortium

Author

Williams, KM, Verhoeven, Virginie, Cumberland, P, Bertelsen, G, Wolfram, C, Buitendijk, Gabriëlle, Hofman, Bert, Duijn, Cornelia, Vingerling, Hans, Kuijpers, Robert, Hohn, R, Mirshahi, A, Khawaja, AP, Luben, RN, Erke, MG, von Hanno, T, Mahroo, O, Hogg, R, Gieger, C, Cougnard-Gregoire, A, Anastasopoulos, E, Bron, A, Dartigues, JF, Korobelnik, JF, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Topouzis, F, Delcourt, C, Rahi, J, Meitinger, T, Fletcher, A, Foster, PJ, Pfeiffer, N, Klaver, Caroline, Hammond, CJ, Williams, KM, Verhoeven, Virginie, Cumberland, P, Bertelsen, G, Wolfram, C, Buitendijk, Gabriëlle, Hofman, Bert, Duijn, Cornelia, Vingerling, Hans, Kuijpers, Robert, Hohn, R, Mirshahi, A, Khawaja, AP, Luben, RN, Erke, MG, von Hanno, T, Mahroo, O, Hogg, R, Gieger, C, Cougnard-Gregoire, A, Anastasopoulos, E, Bron, A, Dartigues, JF, Korobelnik, JF, Creuzot-Garcher, C, Topouzis, F, Delcourt, C, Rahi, J, Meitinger, T, Fletcher, A, Foster, PJ, Pfeiffer, N, Klaver, Caroline, and Hammond, CJ

Abstract

To estimate the prevalence of refractive error in adults across Europe. Refractive data (mean spherical equivalent) collected between 1990 and 2013 from fifteen population-based cohort and cross-sectional studies of the European Eye Epidemiology (E-3) Consortium were combined in a random effects meta-analysis stratified by 5-year age intervals and gender. Participants were excluded if they were identified as having had cataract surgery, retinal detachment, refractive surgery or other factors that might influence refraction. Estimates of refractive error prevalence were obtained including the following classifications: myopia a parts per thousand currency signa'0.75 diopters (D), high myopia a parts per thousand currency signa'6D, hyperopia a parts per thousand yen1D and astigmatism a parts per thousand yen1D. Meta-analysis of refractive error was performed for 61,946 individuals from fifteen studies with median age ranging from 44 to 81 and minimal ethnic variation (98 % European ancestry). The age-standardised prevalences (using the 2010 European Standard Population, limited to those a parts per thousand yen25 and < 90 years old) were: myopia 30.6 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 30.4-30.9], high myopia 2.7 % (95 % CI 2.69-2.73), hyperopia 25.2 % (95 % CI 25.0-25.4) and astigmatism 23.9 % (95 % CI 23.7-24.1). Age-specific estimates revealed a high prevalence of myopia in younger participants [47.2 % (CI 41.8-52.5) in 25-29 years-olds]. Refractive error affects just over a half of European adults. The greatest burden of refractive error is due to myopia, with high prevalence rates in young adults. Using the 2010 European population estimates, we estimate there are 227.2 million people with myopia across Europe.

Published
2015

26. The association amongst visual, hearing, and dual sensory loss with depression and anxiety over 6 years: The Tromsø Study.

Author

Cosh, S., von Hanno, T., Helmer, C., Bertelsen, G., Delcourt, C., Schirmer, H., the SENSE‐Cog Group, and SENSE-Cog Group

Subjects
VISION disorders in old age, HEARING disorders, DEPRESSION in old age, ANXIETY in old age, HEALTH of older people, PSYCHOLOGY, VISION disorders, SOCIAL isolation, ANXIETY, COMPARATIVE studies, MENTAL depression, LONGITUDINAL method, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH, EVALUATION research, ANXIETY disorders, CROSS-sectional method
Abstract

Objective: To examine the longitudinal association of dual and single (vision and hearing) sensory loss on symptoms of depression and anxiety in older adults.Methods: Two thousand eight hundred ninety adults aged 60 years or over who participated in the longitudinal population-based Tromsø Study, Norway, were included. The impact of objective vision loss, self-report hearing loss, or dual sensory loss on symptoms of depression and anxiety, as assessed by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist 10, was examined at baseline and 6-year follow-up using linear mixed models.Results: Hearing loss had a cross-sectional relationship with increased depression (b = 0.1750, SE = 0.07, P = .02) and anxiety symptoms (b = 0.1765, SE = 0.08, P = .03); however, these relationships were not significant at the 6-year follow-up. Both vision loss only and dual sensory loss predicted increased depression scores at follow-up (b = 0.0220, SE = 0.01, P = .03; and b = 0.0413, SE = 0.02, P = .01, respectively). Adjustment for social isolation did not attenuate the main depression results.Conclusion: Dual sensory loss resulted in increased depression symptomatology over time and posed an additional long-term risk to depression severity beyond having a single sensory loss only. Only hearing loss is associated with anxiety symptoms. Older adults with vision, hearing, and dual sensory loss have different mental health profiles. Therefore, management and intervention should be tailored to the type of sensory loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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48. Forskning i god indpakning

Author

Munck, L., Frisvad, J. C., Busk-Jensen, A., Bisgaard Hansen, M., Bertelsen, G., Mortensen, G., Væggemose Nielsen, P., Skibsted, L. H., Munck, L., Frisvad, J. C., Busk-Jensen, A., Bisgaard Hansen, M., Bertelsen, G., Mortensen, G., Væggemose Nielsen, P., and Skibsted, L. H.

Published
2002

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