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1. MuCol Milestone Report No. 5: Preliminary Parameters

Author

Accettura, Carlotta, Adrian, Simon, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimé, Chiara, Aksoy, Avni, Alberghi, Gian Luigi, Alden, Siobhan, Alfonso, Luca, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Rob, Apresyan, Artur, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Auchmann, Bernhard, Back, John, Badea, Anthony, Bae, Kyu Jung, Bahng, E. J., Balconi, Lorenzo, Balli, Fabrice, Bandiera, Laura, Barbagallo, Carmelo, Barlow, Roger, Bartoli, Camilla, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Begel, Michael, Berg, J. Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertinelli, Francesco, Bertolin, Alessandro, Bhat, Pushpalatha, Bianchi, Clarissa, Bianco, Michele, Bishop, William, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, de Sousa, Patricia Borges, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Boyd, Steven, Breschi, Marco, Broggi, Francesco, Brunoldi, Matteo, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip Nicholas, Burt, Graeme Campbell, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calatroni, Sergio, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Cantone, Claudio, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Carrelli, Carlo, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cemmi, Alessia, Ceravolo, Sergio, Cerri, Alessandro, Cerutti, Francesco, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chancé, Antoine, Charitonidis, Nikolaos, Chiesa, Mauro, Chiggiato, Paolo, Ciccarella, Vittoria Ludovica, Puviani, Pietro Cioli, Colaleo, Anna, Colao, Francesco, Collamati, Francesco, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curtin, David, Damerau, Heiko, Da Molin, Giacomo, D'Angelo, Laura, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Gersem, Herbert, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Del Moro, Tommaso, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Dermisek, Radovan, Valdor, Paula Desiré, Desponds, Charlotte, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Di Petrillo, Karri Folan, Di Sarcina, Ilaria, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dreimanis, Karlis, Pree, Tristan du, Yildiz, Hatice Duran, Edgecock, Thomas, Fabbri, Siara, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrand, Guillaume, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Fieg, Max, Filthaut, Frank, Fox, Patrick, Franceschini, Roberto, Ximenes, Rui Franqueira, Gallinaro, Michele, Garcia-Sciveres, Maurice, Garcia-Tabares, Luis, Gargiulo, Ruben, Garion, Cedric, Garzelli, Maria Vittoria, Gast, Marco, Generoso, Lisa, Gerber, Cecilia E., Giambastiani, Luca, Gianelle, Alessio, Gianfelice-Wendt, Eliana, Gibson, Stephen, Gilardoni, Simone, Giove, Dario Augusto, Giovinco, Valentina, Giraldin, Carlo, Glioti, Alfredo, Gorzawski, Arkadiusz, Greco, Mario, Grojean, Christophe, Grudiev, Alexej, Gschwendtner, Edda, Gueli, Emanuele, Guilhaudin, Nicolas, Han, Chengcheng, Han, Tao, Hauptman, John Michael, Herndon, Matthew, Hillier, Adrian D, Hillman, Micah, Holmes, Tova Ray, Homiller, Samuel, Jana, Sudip, Jindariani, Sergo, Johannesson, Sofia, Johnson, Benjamin, Jones, Owain Rhodri, Jurj, Paul-Bogdan, Kahn, Yonatan, Kamath, Rohan, Kario, Anna, Karpov, Ivan, Kelliher, David, Kilian, Wolfgang, Kitano, Ryuichiro, Kling, Felix, Kolehmainen, Antti, Kong, K. C., Kosse, Jaap, Krintiras, Georgios, Krizka, Karol, Kumar, Nilanjana, Kvikne, Erik, Kyle, Robert, Laface, Emanuele, Lane, Kenneth, Latina, Andrea, Lechner, Anton, Lee, Junghyun, Lee, Lawrence, Lee, Seh Wook, Lefevre, Thibaut, Leonardi, Emanuele, Lerner, Giuseppe, Li, Peiran, Li, Qiang, Li, Tong, Li, Wei, Lindroos, Mats, Lipton, Ronald, Liu, Da, Liu, Miaoyuan, Liu, Zhen, Voti, Roberto Li, Lombardi, Alessandra, Lomte, Shivani, Long, Kenneth, Longo, Luigi, Lorenzo, José, Losito, Roberto, Low, Ian, Lu, Xianguo, Lucchesi, Donatella, Luo, Tianhuan, Lupato, Anna, Ma, Yang, Machida, Shinji, Madlener, Thomas, Magaletti, Lorenzo, Maggi, Marcello, Durand, Helene Mainaud, Maltoni, Fabio, Manczak, Jerzy Mikolaj, Mandurrino, Marco, Marchand, Claude, Mariani, Francesco, Marin, Stefano, Mariotto, Samuele, Martin-Haugh, Stewart, Masullo, Maria Rosaria, Mauro, Giorgio Sebastiano, Mazzolari, Andrea, Mękała, Krzysztof, Mele, Barbara, Meloni, Federico, Meng, Xiangwei, Mentink, Matthias, Métral, Elias, Miceli, Rebecca, Milas, Natalia, Mohammadi, Abdollah, Moll, Dominik, Montella, Alessandro, Morandin, Mauro, Morrone, Marco, Mulder, Tim, Musenich, Riccardo, Nardecchia, Marco, Nardi, Federico, Nenna, Felice, Neuffer, David, Newbold, David, Novelli, Daniel, Olvegård, Maja, Onel, Yasar, Orestano, Domizia, Osborne, John, Otten, Simon, Torres, Yohan Mauricio Oviedo, Paesani, Daniele, Griso, Simone Pagan, Pagani, Davide, Pal, Kincso, Palmer, Mark, Pampaloni, Alessandra, Panci, Paolo, Pani, Priscilla, Papaphilippou, Yannis, Paparella, Rocco, Paradisi, Paride, Passeri, Antonio, Pasternak, Jaroslaw, Pastrone, Nadia, Pellecchia, Antonello, Piccinini, Fulvio, Piekarz, Henryk, Pieloni, Tatiana, Plouin, Juliette, Portone, Alfredo, Potamianos, Karolos, Potdevin, Joséphine, Prestemon, Soren, Puig, Teresa, Qiang, Ji, Quettier, Lionel, Rabemananjara, Tanjona Radonirina, Radicioni, Emilio, Radogna, Raffaella, Rago, Ilaria Carmela, Ratkus, Andris, Resseguie, Elodie, Reuter, Juergen, Ribani, Pier Luigi, Riccardi, Cristina, Ricciardi, Stefania, Robens, Tania, Robert, Youri, Rogers, Chris, Rojo, Juan, Romagnoni, Marco, Ronald, Kevin, Rosser, Benjamin, Rossi, Carlo, Rossi, Lucio, Rozanov, Leo, Ruhdorfer, Maximilian, Ruiz, Richard, Saini, Saurabh, Sala, Filippo, Salierno, Claudia, Salmi, Tiina, Salvini, Paola, Salvioni, Ennio, Sammut, Nicholas, Santini, Carlo, Saputi, Alessandro, Sarra, Ivano, Scarantino, Giuseppe, Schneider-Muntau, Hans, Schulte, Daniel, Scifo, Jessica, Sen, Tanaji, Senatore, Carmine, Senol, Abdulkadir, Sertore, Daniele, Sestini, Lorenzo, Rêgo, Ricardo César Silva, Simone, Federica Maria, Skoufaris, Kyriacos, Sorbello, Gino, Sorbi, Massimo, Sorti, Stefano, Soubirou, Lisa, Spataro, David, Queiroz, Farinaldo S., Stamerra, Anna, Stapnes, Steinar, Stark, Giordon, Statera, Marco, Stechauner, Bernd Michael, Su, Shufang, Su, Wei, Sun, Xiaohu, Sytov, Alexei, Tang, Jian, Tang, Jingyu, Taylor, Rebecca, Kate, Herman Ten, Testoni, Pietro, Thiele, Leonard Sebastian, Garcia, Rogelio Tomas, Topp-Mugglestone, Max, Torims, Toms, Torre, Riccardo, Tortora, Luca, Tortora, Ludovico, Trifinopoulos, Sokratis, Udongwo, Sosoho-Abasi, Vai, Ilaria, Valente, Riccardo Umberto, van Rienen, Ursula, Van Weelderen, Rob, Vanwelde, Marion, Velev, Gueorgui, Venditti, Rosamaria, Vendrasco, Adam, Verna, Adriano, Vernassa, Gianluca, Verweij, Arjan, Verwilligen, Piet, Villamizar, Yoxara, Vittorio, Ludovico, Vitulo, Paolo, Vojskovic, Isabella, Wang, Dayong, Wang, Lian-Tao, Wang, Xing, Wendt, Manfred, Widorski, Markus, Wozniak, Mariusz, Wu, Yongcheng, Wulzer, Andrea, Xie, Keping, Yang, Yifeng, Yap, Yee Chinn, Yonehara, Katsuya, Yoo, Hwi Dong, You, Zhengyun, Zanetti, Marco, Zaza, Angela, Zhang, Liang, Zhu, Ruihu, Zlobin, Alexander, Zuliani, Davide, and Zurita, José Francisco

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

This document is comprised of a collection of updated preliminary parameters for the key parts of the muon collider. The updated preliminary parameters follow on from the October 2023 Tentative Parameters Report. Particular attention has been given to regions of the facility that are believed to hold greater technical uncertainty in their design and that have a strong impact on the cost and power consumption of the facility. The data is collected from a collaborative spreadsheet and transferred to overleaf.

Published
2024
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2. A two-step model to study the inclusivity's distribution of Italian early childhood education and care services

Author

Andreella, Angela, Bertarelli, Gaia, Caldura, Federico, and Campostrini, Stefano

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

This study investigates how to define and measure inclusivity in Italy's early childhood education and care (ECEC) services, bringing to light the gap between legislative principles and local/regional applications. The Italian legislative decree n. 65/2017 prescribes inclusivity in ECEC, defined as being open to all children and indicating it as a top priority. To delve into this concept, we propose a two-step model. First, a latent trait model estimates an inclusivity index as a latent variable. Then, a mixed quantile model examines the distribution of this novel latent inclusivity index across Italian regions. Our findings reveal a substantial variation in inclusivity across Italy. In addition, a proper indicator based on the latent inclusivity index defined in the first step is provided at the NUTS-3 level using the empirical best predictor approach. From our analysis, public facilities demonstrate a higher level of inclusivity compared to their private counterparts. Despite these challenges, we are compelled to identify positive scenarios that can serve as models for regions facing more critical situations. Besides its methodological advancement, this paper provides policymakers and stakeholders with an evident call to action, offering valuable insights into the inclusivity landscape of Italian ECEC services. It underscores the urgent need to standardize the accessibility characteristics of ECEC services throughout Italy to ensure equitable access for all children., Comment: 29 pages, 21 figures

Published
2024

3. Interim report for the International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC)

Author

Accettura, C., Adrian, S., Agarwal, R., Ahdida, C., Aimé, C., Aksoy, A., Alberghi, G. L., Alden, S., Amapane, N., Amorim, D., Andreetto, P., Anulli, F., Appleby, R., Apresyan, A., Asadi, P., Mahmoud, M. Attia, Auchmann, B., Back, J., Badea, A., Bae, K. J., Bahng, E. J., Balconi, L., Balli, F., Bandiera, L., Barbagallo, C., Barlow, R., Bartoli, C., Bartosik, N., Barzi, E., Batsch, F., Bauce, M., Begel, M., Berg, J. S., Bersani, A., Bertarelli, A., Bertinelli, F., Bertolin, A., Bhat, P., Bianchi, C., Bianco, M., Bishop, W., Black, K., Boattini, F., Bogacz, A., Bonesini, M., Bordini, B., de Sousa, P. Borges, Bottaro, S., Bottura, L., Boyd, S., Breschi, M., Broggi, F., Brunoldi, M., Buffat, X., Buonincontri, L., Burrows, P. N., Burt, G. C., Buttazzo, D., Caiffi, B., Calatroni, S., Calviani, M., Calzaferri, S., Calzolari, D., Cantone, C., Capdevilla, R., Carli, C., Carrelli, C., Casaburo, F., Casarsa, M., Castelli, L., Catanesi, M. G., Cavallucci, L., Cavoto, G., Celiberto, F. G., Celona, L., Cemmi, A., Ceravolo, S., Cerri, A., Cerutti, F., Cesarini, G., Cesarotti, C., Chancé, A., Charitonidis, N., Chiesa, M., Chiggiato, P., Ciccarella, V. L., Puviani, P. Cioli, Colaleo, A., Colao, F., Collamati, F., Costa, M., Craig, N., Curtin, D., D'Angelo, L., Da Molin, G., Damerau, H., Dasu, S., de Blas, J., De Curtis, S., De Gersem, H., Del Moro, T., Delahaye, J. -P., Denisov, D., Denizli, H., Dermisek, R., Valdor, P. Desiré, Desponds, C., Di Luzio, L., Di Meco, E., Di Petrillo, K. F., Di Sarcina, I., Diociaiuti, E., Dorigo, T., Dreimanis, K., Pree, T. du, Edgecock, T., Fabbri, S., Fabbrichesi, M., Farinon, S., Ferrand, G., Somoza, J. A. Ferreira, Fieg, M., Filthaut, F., Fox, P., Franceschini, R., Ximenes, R. Franqueira, Gallinaro, M., Garcia-Sciveres, M., Garcia-Tabares, L., Gargiulo, R., Garion, C., Garzelli, M. V., Gast, M., Gerber, C. E., Giambastiani, L., Gianelle, A., Gianfelice-Wendt, E., Gibson, S., Gilardoni, S., Giove, D. A., Giovinco, V., Giraldin, C., Glioti, A., Gorzawski, A., Greco, M., Grojean, C., Grudiev, A., Gschwendtner, E., Gueli, E., Guilhaudin, N., Han, C., Han, T., Hauptman, J. M., Herndon, M., Hillier, A. D., Hillman, M., Holmes, T. R., Homiller, S., Jana, S., Jindariani, S., Johannesson, S., Johnson, B., Jones, O. R., Jurj, P. -B., Kahn, Y., Kamath, R., Kario, A., Karpov, I., Kelliher, D., Kilian, W., Kitano, R., Kling, F., Kolehmainen, A., Kong, K. C., Kosse, J., Krintiras, G., Krizka, K., Kumar, N., Kvikne, E., Kyle, R., Laface, E., Lane, K., Latina, A., Lechner, A., Lee, J., Lee, L., Lee, S. W., Lefevre, T., Leonardi, E., Lerner, G., Li, P., Li, Q., Li, T., Li, W., Voti, R. Li, Lindroos, M., Lipton, R., Liu, D., Liu, M., Liu, Z., Lombardi, A., Lomte, S., Long, K., Longo, L., Lorenzo, J., Losito, R., Low, I., Lu, X., Lucchesi, D., Luo, T., Lupato, A., Métral, E., Mękała, K., Ma, Y., Mańczak, J. M., Machida, S., Madlener, T., Magaletti, L., Maggi, M., Durand, H. Mainaud, Maltoni, F., Mandurrino, M., Marchand, C., Mariani, F., Marin, S., Mariotto, S., Martin-Haugh, S., Masullo, M. R., Mauro, G. S., Mazzolari, A., Mele, B., Meloni, F., Meng, X., Mentink, M., Miceli, R., Milas, N., Mohammadi, A., Moll, D., Montella, A., Morandin, M., Morrone, M., Mulder, T., Musenich, R., Nardecchia, M., Nardi, F., Neuffer, D., Newbold, D., Novelli, D., Olvegård, M., Onel, Y., Orestano, D., Osborne, J., Otten, S., Torres, Y. M. Oviedo, Paesani, D., Griso, S. Pagan, Pagani, D., Pal, K., Palmer, M., Pampaloni, A., Panci, P., Pani, P., Papaphilippou, Y., Paparella, R., Paradisi, P., Passeri, A., Pastrone, N., Pellecchia, A., Piccinini, F., Piekarz, H., Pieloni, T., Plouin, J., Portone, A., Potamianos, K., Potdevin, J., Prestemon, S., Puig, T., Qiang, J., Quettier, L., Rabemananjara, T. R., Radicioni, E., Radogna, R., Rago, I. C., Ratkus, A., Resseguie, E., Reuter, J., Ribani, P. L., Riccardi, C., Ricciardi, S., Robens, T., Robert, Y., Roger, C., Rojo, J., Romagnoni, M., Ronald, K., Rosser, B., Rossi, C., Rossi, L., Rozanov, L., Ruhdorfer, M., Ruiz, R., Queiroz, F. S., Saini, S., Sala, F., Salierno, C., Salmi, T., Salvini, P., Salvioni, E., Sammut, N., Santini, C., Saputi, A., Sarra, I., Scarantino, G., Schneider-Muntau, H., Schulte, D., Scifo, J., Sen, T., Senatore, C., Senol, A., Sertore, D., Sestini, L., Rêgo, R. C. Silva, Simone, F. M., Skoufaris, K., Sorbello, G., Sorbi, M., Sorti, S., Soubirou, L., Spataro, D., Stamerra, A., Stapnes, S., Stark, G., Statera, M., Stechauner, B. M., Su, S., Su, W., Sun, X., Sytov, A., Tang, J., Taylor, R., Kate, H. Ten, Testoni, P., Thiele, L. S., Garcia, R. Tomas, Mugglestone, M. Topp, Torims, T., Torre, R., Tortora, L. T., Trifinopoulos, S., Udongwo, S. -A., Vai, I., Valente, R. U., van Rienen, U., van Weelderen, R., Vanwelde, M., Velev, G., Venditti, R., Vendrasco, A., Verna, A., Verweij, A., Verwilligen, P., Villamzar, Y., Vittorio, L., Vitulo, P., Vojskovic, I., Wang, D., Wang, L. -T., Wang, X., Wendt, M., Widorski, M., Wozniak, M., Wu, Y., Wulzer, A., Xie, K., Yang, Y., Yap, Y. C., Yonehara, K., Yoo, H. D., You, Z., Zanetti, M., Zaza, A., Zhang, L., Zhu, R., Zlobin, A., Zuliani, D., and Zurita, J. F.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) [1] was established in 2020 following the recommendations of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) and the implementation of the European Strategy for Particle Physics-Accelerator R&D Roadmap by the Laboratory Directors Group [2], hereinafter referred to as the the European LDG roadmap. The Muon Collider Study (MuC) covers the accelerator complex, detectors and physics for a future muon collider. In 2023, European Commission support was obtained for a design study of a muon collider (MuCol) [3]. This project started on 1st March 2023, with work-packages aligned with the overall muon collider studies. In preparation of and during the 2021-22 U.S. Snowmass process, the muon collider project parameters, technical studies and physics performance studies were performed and presented in great detail. Recently, the P5 panel [4] in the U.S. recommended a muon collider R&D, proposed to join the IMCC and envisages that the U.S. should prepare to host a muon collider, calling this their "muon shot". In the past, the U.S. Muon Accelerator Programme (MAP) [5] has been instrumental in studies of concepts and technologies for a muon collider., Comment: This document summarises the International Muon Collider Collaboration (IMCC) progress and status of the Muon Collider R&D programme

Published
2024

6. Erratum: Towards a muon collider

Author

Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, and Fiorina, Davide

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Astronomical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

The original online version of this article was revised: The additional reference [139] has been added. Tao Han’s ORICD ID has been incorrectly assigned to Chengcheng Han and Chengcheng Han’s ORCID ID to Tao Han. Yang Ma’s ORCID ID has been incorrectly assigned to Lianliang Ma, and Lianliang Ma’s ORCID ID to Yang Ma. The original article has been corrected.

Published
2024

7. Towards a muon collider

Author

Accettura, Carlotta, Adams, Dean, Agarwal, Rohit, Ahdida, Claudia, Aimè, Chiara, Amapane, Nicola, Amorim, David, Andreetto, Paolo, Anulli, Fabio, Appleby, Robert, Apresyan, Artur, Apyan, Aram, Arsenyev, Sergey, Asadi, Pouya, Mahmoud, Mohammed Attia, Azatov, Aleksandr, Back, John, Balconi, Lorenzo, Bandiera, Laura, Barlow, Roger, Bartosik, Nazar, Barzi, Emanuela, Batsch, Fabian, Bauce, Matteo, Berg, J Scott, Bersani, Andrea, Bertarelli, Alessandro, Bertolin, Alessandro, Black, Kevin, Boattini, Fulvio, Bogacz, Alex, Bonesini, Maurizio, Bordini, Bernardo, Bottaro, Salvatore, Bottura, Luca, Braghieri, Alessandro, Breschi, Marco, Bruhwiler, Natalie, Buffat, Xavier, Buonincontri, Laura, Burrows, Philip N, Burt, Graeme, Buttazzo, Dario, Caiffi, Barbara, Calviani, Marco, Calzaferri, Simone, Calzolari, Daniele, Capdevilla, Rodolfo, Carli, Christian, Casaburo, Fausto, Casarsa, Massimo, Castelli, Luca, Catanesi, Maria Gabriella, Cavallucci, Lorenzo, Cavoto, Gianluca, Celiberto, Francesco Giovanni, Celona, Luigi, Cerri, Alessandro, Cesarini, Gianmario, Cesarotti, Cari, Chachamis, Grigorios, Chance, Antoine, Chen, Siyu, Chien, Yang-Ting, Chiesa, Mauro, Colaleo, Anna, Collamati, Francesco, Collazuol, Gianmaria, Costa, Marco, Craig, Nathaniel, Curatolo, Camilla, Curtin, David, Da Molin, Giacomo, Dam, Magnus, Damerau, Heiko, Dasu, Sridhara, de Blas, Jorge, De Curtis, Stefania, De Matteis, Ernesto, De Rosa, Stefania, Delahaye, Jean-Pierre, Denisov, Dmitri, Denizli, Haluk, Densham, Christopher, Dermisek, Radovan, Di Luzio, Luca, Di Meco, Elisa, Di Micco, Biagio, Dienes, Keith, Diociaiuti, Eleonora, Dorigo, Tommaso, Dudarev, Alexey, Edgecock, Robert, Errico, Filippo, Fabbrichesi, Marco, Farinon, Stefania, Ferrari, Anna, Somoza, Jose Antonio Ferreira, Filthaut, Frank, and Fiorina, Davide

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Atomic, molecular and optical physics, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work.

Published
2023

11. Experimental investigation under laser-driven shocks of the dynamic behavior of materials for beam-intercepting devices in particle accelerators

Author

C. Accettura, L. Baudin, A. Bertarelli, C. Brabetz, F. Carra, A.S. Martynenko, A. Morena, A. Moros, L. Peroni, M. Scapin, P. Neumayer, M. Tomut, and L. Wegert

Subjects
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

In the present work the results of an extensive experimental campaign in which laser-shocks were used to assess the mechanical strength of graphitic materials are presented. The aim of the project was to study innovative advanced materials used in high energy particle accelerators for beam intercepting devices (BIDs), such as collimators, absorber blocks and dumps. In this framework, thin targets of graphitic materials relevant for the use as particle accelerator BIDs were submitted to high-power laser driven shocks at the PHELIX laser facility in GSI. Online diagnostics such as shadowgraphy and laser velocimetry were deployed together with post-mortem analysis on collected debris and shocked specimens.The experimental results were compared with results obtained in literature. In this work the data acquired for the performed shots are presented with a focus on graphite samples. The testing campaign provided large amount of information to cross-check and validate the models implemented for laser-matter interaction, shockwave propagation and spall strength concerning a wide range of materials, all relevant for the use in beam intercepting devices of particle accelerators.

Published
2024
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13. Collimation of HL-LHC Beams

Author

Redaelli, S., primary, Bertarelli, A., additional, Bruce, R., additional, Carra, F., additional, Lechner, A., additional, Mereghetti, A., additional, and Rossi, A., additional

Published
2024
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14. First Experimental Evidence of a Beam-Beam Long-Range Compensation Using Wires in the Large Hadron Collider

Author

Poyet, A., Bertarelli, A., Carra, F., Fartoukh, S. D., Fuster-Martínez, N., Karastathis, N., Papaphilippou, Y., Pojer, M., Redaelli, S., Rossi, A., Skoufaris, K., Camillocci, M. Solfaroni, and Sterbini, G.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

In high intensity and high energy colliders such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider and its future High Luminosity upgrade, interactions between the two beams around the different Interaction Points impose machine performance limitations. In fact, their effect reduces the beam lifetime and therefore the collider's luminosity reach. Those interactions are called Beam-Beam Long-Range interactions and a possible mitigation of their effect using DC wires was proposed for the first time in the early 2000's. This solution is currently being studied as an option for enhancing the HL-LHC performance. In 2017 and 2018, four demonstrators of wire compensators have been installed in the LHC. A two-year long experimental campaign followed in order to validate the possibility to mitigate the BBLR interactions in the LHC. During this campaign, a proof-of-concept was completed and motivated an additional set of experiments, successfully demonstrating the mitigation of BBLR interactions effects in beam conditions compatible with the operational configuration. This paper reports in detail the preparation of the experimental campaign, the obtained results and draws some perspectives for the future., Comment: Draft for a later PRAB submission

Published
2022

15. Erratum: Towards a muon collider

Author

Carlotta Accettura, Dean Adams, Rohit Agarwal, Claudia Ahdida, Chiara Aimè, Nicola Amapane, David Amorim, Paolo Andreetto, Fabio Anulli, Robert Appleby, Artur Apresyan, Aram Apyan, Sergey Arsenyev, Pouya Asadi, Mohammed Attia Mahmoud, Aleksandr Azatov, John Back, Lorenzo Balconi, Laura Bandiera, Roger Barlow, Nazar Bartosik, Emanuela Barzi, Fabian Batsch, Matteo Bauce, J. Scott Berg, Andrea Bersani, Alessandro Bertarelli, Alessandro Bertolin, Kevin Black, Fulvio Boattini, Alex Bogacz, Maurizio Bonesini, Bernardo Bordini, Salvatore Bottaro, Luca Bottura, Alessandro Braghieri, Marco Breschi, Natalie Bruhwiler, Xavier Buffat, Laura Buonincontri, Philip N. Burrows, Graeme Burt, Dario Buttazzo, Barbara Caiffi, Marco Calviani, Simone Calzaferri, Daniele Calzolari, Rodolfo Capdevilla, Christian Carli, Fausto Casaburo, Massimo Casarsa, Luca Castelli, Maria Gabriella Catanesi, Lorenzo Cavallucci, Gianluca Cavoto, Francesco Giovanni Celiberto, Luigi Celona, Alessandro Cerri, Gianmario Cesarini, Cari Cesarotti, Grigorios Chachamis, Antoine Chance, Siyu Chen, Yang-Ting Chien, Mauro Chiesa, Anna Colaleo, Francesco Collamati, Gianmaria Collazuol, Marco Costa, Nathaniel Craig, Camilla Curatolo, David Curtin, Giacomo Da Molin, Magnus Dam, Heiko Damerau, Sridhara Dasu, Jorge de Blas, Stefania De Curtis, Ernesto De Matteis, Stefania De Rosa, Jean-Pierre Delahaye, Dmitri Denisov, Haluk Denizli, Christopher Densham, Radovan Dermisek, Luca Di Luzio, Elisa Di Meco, Biagio Di Micco, Keith Dienes, Eleonora Diociaiuti, Tommaso Dorigo, Alexey Dudarev, Robert Edgecock, Filippo Errico, Marco Fabbrichesi, Stefania Farinon, Anna Ferrari, Jose Antonio Ferreira Somoza, Frank Filthaut, Davide Fiorina, Elena Fol, Matthew Forslund, Roberto Franceschini, Rui Franqueira Ximenes, Emidio Gabrielli, Michele Gallinaro, Francesco Garosi, Luca Giambastiani, Alessio Gianelle, Simone Gilardoni, Dario Augusto Giove, Carlo Giraldin, Alfredo Glioti, Mario Greco, Admir Greljo, Ramona Groeber, Christophe Grojean, Alexej Grudiev, Jiayin Gu, Chengcheng Han, Tao Han, John Hauptman, Brian Henning, Keith Hermanek, Matthew Herndon, Tova Ray Holmes, Samuel Homiller, Guoyuan Huang, Sudip Jana, Sergo Jindariani, Paul Bogdan Jurj, Yonatan Kahn, Ivan Karpov, David Kelliher, Wolfgang Kilian, Antti Kolehmainen, Kyoungchul Kong, Patrick Koppenburg, Nils Kreher, Georgios Krintiras, Karol Krizka, Gordan Krnjaic, Benjamin T. Kuchma, Nilanjana Kumar, Anton Lechner, Lawrence Lee, Qiang Li, Roberto Li Voti, Ronald Lipton, Zhen Liu, Shivani Lomte, Kenneth Long, Jose Lorenzo Gomez, Roberto Losito, Ian Low, Qianshu Lu, Donatella Lucchesi, Lianliang Ma, Yang Ma, Shinji Machida, Fabio Maltoni, Marco Mandurrino, Bruno Mansoulie, Luca Mantani, Claude Marchand, Samuele Mariotto, Stewart Martin-Haugh, David Marzocca, Paola Mastrapasqua, Giorgio Mauro, Andrea Mazzolari, Navin McGinnis, Patrick Meade, Barbara Mele, Federico Meloni, Matthias Mentink, Claudia Merlassino, Elias Metral, Rebecca Miceli, Natalia Milas, Nikolai Mokhov, Alessandro Montella, Tim Mulder, Riccardo Musenich, Marco Nardecchia, Federico Nardi, Niko Neufeld, David Neuffer, Daniel Novelli, Yasar Onel, Domizia Orestano, Daniele Paesani, Simone Pagan Griso, Mark Palmer, Paolo Panci, Giuliano Panico, Rocco Paparella, Paride Paradisi, Antonio Passeri, Nadia Pastrone, Antonello Pellecchia, Fulvio Piccinini, Alfredo Portone, Karolos Potamianos, Marco Prioli, Lionel Quettier, Emilio Radicioni, Raffaella Radogna, Riccardo Rattazzi, Diego Redigolo, Laura Reina, Elodie Resseguie, Jürgen Reuter, Pier Luigi Ribani, Cristina Riccardi, Lorenzo Ricci, Stefania Ricciardi, Luciano Ristori, Tania Natalie Robens, Werner Rodejohann, Chris Rogers, Marco Romagnoni, Kevin Ronald, Lucio Rossi, Richard Ruiz, Farinaldo S. Queiroz, Filippo Sala, Jakub Salko, Paola Salvini, Ennio Salvioni, Jose Santiago, Ivano Sarra, Francisco Javier Saura Esteban, Jochen Schieck, Daniel Schulte, Michele Selvaggi, Carmine Senatore, Abdulkadir Senol, Daniele Sertore, Lorenzo Sestini, Varun Sharma, Vladimir Shiltsev, Jing Shu, Federica Maria Simone, Rosa Simoniello, Kyriacos Skoufaris, Massimo Sorbi, Stefano Sorti, Anna Stamerra, Steinar Stapnes, Giordon Holtsberg Stark, Marco Statera, Bernd Stechauner, Daniel Stolarski, Diktys Stratakis, Shufang Su, Wei Su, Olcyr Sumensari, Xiaohu Sun, Raman Sundrum, Maximilian J. Swiatlowski, Alexei Sytov, Tim M. P. Tait, Jingyu Tang, Jian Tang, Andrea Tesi, Pietro Testoni, Brooks Thomas, Emily Anne Thompson, Riccardo Torre, Ludovico Tortora, Luca Tortora, Sokratis Trifinopoulos, Ilaria Vai, Marco Valente, Riccardo Umberto Valente, Alessandro Valenti, Nicolò Valle, Ursula van Rienen, Rosamaria Venditti, Arjan Verweij, Piet Verwilligen, Ludovico Vittorio, Paolo Vitulo, Liantao Wang, Hannsjorg Weber, Mariusz Wozniak, Richard Wu, Yongcheng Wu, Andrea Wulzer, Keping Xie, Akira Yamamoto, Yifeng Yang, Katsuya Yonehara, Sangsik Yoon, Angela Zaza, Xiaoran Zhao, Alexander Zlobin, Davide Zuliani, and Jose Zurita

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published
2024
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18. Azobenzene photoisomerization probes cell membrane nanoviscosity

Author

Magni, Arianna, Bondelli, Gaia, Paterno, Giuseppe Maria, Sardar, Samim, Sesti, Valentina, DAndrea, Cosimo, Bertarelli, Chiara, and Lanzani, Guglielmo

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

The viscosity of cell membranes is a crucial parameter that affects the diffusion of small molecules both across and within the lipidic membrane and that is related to several diseases. Therefore, the possibility to measure quantitatively membrane viscosity on the nanoscale is of great interest. Here, we report a complete investigation of the photophysics of an amphiphilic membrane-targeted azobenzene (ZIAPIN2) and we validate its use as viscosity probe for cell membranes. We exploit ZIAPIN2 the trans-cis photoisomerization to develop a molecular viscometer and to assess the viscosity of Escherichia coli bacteria membranes employing time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Lifetime measurements of ZIAPIN2 in E. coli bacteria suspensions correctly indicate that membrane viscosity decreases as the samples were heated up. Our results report a membrane viscosity value in live E. coli cells going from 10 to 5 cP, increasing the temperature from 22 {\deg}C up to 40 {\deg}C.

Published
2021
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19. Skeletal muscle cells opto-stimulation by intramembrane molecular transducers

Author

Ilaria Venturino, Vito Vurro, Silvio Bonfadini, Matteo Moschetta, Sara Perotto, Valentina Sesti, Luigino Criante, Chiara Bertarelli, and Guglielmo Lanzani

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Optical stimulation and control of muscle cell contraction opens up a number of interesting applications in hybrid robotic and medicine. Here we show that recently designed molecular phototransducer can be used to stimulate C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, properly grown to exhibit collective behaviour. C2C12 is a skeletal muscle cell line that does not require animal sacrifice Furthermore, it is an ideal cell model for evaluating the phototransducer pacing ability due to its negligible spontaneous activity. We study the stimulation process and analyse the distribution of responses in multinuclear cells, in particular looking at the consistency between stimulus and contraction. Contractions are detected by using an imaging software for object recognition. We find a deterministic response to light stimuli, yet with a certain distribution of erratic behaviour that is quantified and correlated to light intensity or stimulation frequency. Finally, we compare our optical stimulation with electrical stimulation showing advantages of the optical approach, like the reduced cell stress.

Published
2023
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20. Towards a muon collider

Author

Carlotta Accettura, Dean Adams, Rohit Agarwal, Claudia Ahdida, Chiara Aimè, Nicola Amapane, David Amorim, Paolo Andreetto, Fabio Anulli, Robert Appleby, Artur Apresyan, Aram Apyan, Sergey Arsenyev, Pouya Asadi, Mohammed Attia Mahmoud, Aleksandr Azatov, John Back, Lorenzo Balconi, Laura Bandiera, Roger Barlow, Nazar Bartosik, Emanuela Barzi, Fabian Batsch, Matteo Bauce, J. Scott Berg, Andrea Bersani, Alessandro Bertarelli, Alessandro Bertolin, Kevin Black, Fulvio Boattini, Alex Bogacz, Maurizio Bonesini, Bernardo Bordini, Salvatore Bottaro, Luca Bottura, Alessandro Braghieri, Marco Breschi, Natalie Bruhwiler, Xavier Buffat, Laura Buonincontri, Philip N. Burrows, Graeme Burt, Dario Buttazzo, Barbara Caiffi, Marco Calviani, Simone Calzaferri, Daniele Calzolari, Rodolfo Capdevilla, Christian Carli, Fausto Casaburo, Massimo Casarsa, Luca Castelli, Maria Gabriella Catanesi, Lorenzo Cavallucci, Gianluca Cavoto, Francesco Giovanni Celiberto, Luigi Celona, Alessandro Cerri, Gianmario Cesarini, Cari Cesarotti, Grigorios Chachamis, Antoine Chance, Siyu Chen, Yang-Ting Chien, Mauro Chiesa, Anna Colaleo, Francesco Collamati, Gianmaria Collazuol, Marco Costa, Nathaniel Craig, Camilla Curatolo, David Curtin, Giacomo Da Molin, Magnus Dam, Heiko Damerau, Sridhara Dasu, Jorge de Blas, Stefania De Curtis, Ernesto De Matteis, Stefania De Rosa, Jean-Pierre Delahaye, Dmitri Denisov, Haluk Denizli, Christopher Densham, Radovan Dermisek, Luca Di Luzio, Elisa Di Meco, Biagio Di Micco, Keith Dienes, Eleonora Diociaiuti, Tommaso Dorigo, Alexey Dudarev, Robert Edgecock, Filippo Errico, Marco Fabbrichesi, Stefania Farinon, Anna Ferrari, Jose Antonio Ferreira Somoza, Frank Filthaut, Davide Fiorina, Elena Fol, Matthew Forslund, Roberto Franceschini, Rui Franqueira Ximenes, Emidio Gabrielli, Michele Gallinaro, Francesco Garosi, Luca Giambastiani, Alessio Gianelle, Simone Gilardoni, Dario Augusto Giove, Carlo Giraldin, Alfredo Glioti, Mario Greco, Admir Greljo, Ramona Groeber, Christophe Grojean, Alexej Grudiev, Jiayin Gu, Chengcheng Han, Tao Han, John Hauptman, Brian Henning, Keith Hermanek, Matthew Herndon, Tova Ray Holmes, Samuel Homiller, Guoyuan Huang, Sudip Jana, Sergo Jindariani, Paul Bogdan Jurj, Yonatan Kahn, Ivan Karpov, David Kelliher, Wolfgang Kilian, Antti Kolehmainen, Kyoungchul Kong, Patrick Koppenburg, Nils Kreher, Georgios Krintiras, Karol Krizka, Gordan Krnjaic, Benjamin T. Kuchma, Nilanjana Kumar, Anton Lechner, Lawrence Lee, Qiang Li, Roberto Li Voti, Ronald Lipton, Zhen Liu, Shivani Lomte, Kenneth Long, Jose Lorenzo Gomez, Roberto Losito, Ian Low, Qianshu Lu, Donatella Lucchesi, Lianliang Ma, Yang Ma, Shinji Machida, Fabio Maltoni, Marco Mandurrino, Bruno Mansoulie, Luca Mantani, Claude Marchand, Samuele Mariotto, Stewart Martin-Haugh, David Marzocca, Paola Mastrapasqua, Giorgio Mauro, Andrea Mazzolari, Navin McGinnis, Patrick Meade, Barbara Mele, Federico Meloni, Matthias Mentink, Claudia Merlassino, Elias Metral, Rebecca Miceli, Natalia Milas, Nikolai Mokhov, Alessandro Montella, Tim Mulder, Riccardo Musenich, Marco Nardecchia, Federico Nardi, Niko Neufeld, David Neuffer, Daniel Novelli, Yasar Onel, Domizia Orestano, Daniele Paesani, Simone Pagan Griso, Mark Palmer, Paolo Panci, Giuliano Panico, Rocco Paparella, Paride Paradisi, Antonio Passeri, Nadia Pastrone, Antonello Pellecchia, Fulvio Piccinini, Alfredo Portone, Karolos Potamianos, Marco Prioli, Lionel Quettier, Emilio Radicioni, Raffaella Radogna, Riccardo Rattazzi, Diego Redigolo, Laura Reina, Elodie Resseguie, Jürgen Reuter, Pier Luigi Ribani, Cristina Riccardi, Lorenzo Ricci, Stefania Ricciardi, Luciano Ristori, Tania Natalie Robens, Werner Rodejohann, Chris Rogers, Marco Romagnoni, Kevin Ronald, Lucio Rossi, Richard Ruiz, Farinaldo S. Queiroz, Filippo Sala, Jakub Salko, Paola Salvini, Ennio Salvioni, Jose Santiago, Ivano Sarra, Francisco Javier Saura Esteban, Jochen Schieck, Daniel Schulte, Michele Selvaggi, Carmine Senatore, Abdulkadir Senol, Daniele Sertore, Lorenzo Sestini, Varun Sharma, Vladimir Shiltsev, Jing Shu, Federica Maria Simone, Rosa Simoniello, Kyriacos Skoufaris, Massimo Sorbi, Stefano Sorti, Anna Stamerra, Steinar Stapnes, Giordon Holtsberg Stark, Marco Statera, Bernd Stechauner, Daniel Stolarski, Diktys Stratakis, Shufang Su, Wei Su, Olcyr Sumensari, Xiaohu Sun, Raman Sundrum, Maximilian J. Swiatlowski, Alexei Sytov, Tim M. P. Tait, Jingyu Tang, Jian Tang, Andrea Tesi, Pietro Testoni, Brooks Thomas, Emily Anne Thompson, Riccardo Torre, Ludovico Tortora, Luca Tortora, Sokratis Trifinopoulos, Ilaria Vai, Marco Valente, Riccardo Umberto Valente, Alessandro Valenti, Nicolò Valle, Ursula van Rienen, Rosamaria Venditti, Arjan Verweij, Piet Verwilligen, Ludovico Vittorio, Paolo Vitulo, Liantao Wang, Hannsjorg Weber, Mariusz Wozniak, Richard Wu, Yongcheng Wu, Andrea Wulzer, Keping Xie, Akira Yamamoto, Yifeng Yang, Katsuya Yonehara, Sangsik Yoon, Angela Zaza, Xiaoran Zhao, Alexander Zlobin, Davide Zuliani, and Jose Zurita

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract A muon collider would enable the big jump ahead in energy reach that is needed for a fruitful exploration of fundamental interactions. The challenges of producing muon collisions at high luminosity and 10 TeV centre of mass energy are being investigated by the recently-formed International Muon Collider Collaboration. This Review summarises the status and the recent advances on muon colliders design, physics and detector studies. The aim is to provide a global perspective of the field and to outline directions for future work.

Published
2023
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22. First experimental evidence of a beam-beam long-range compensation using wires in the Large Hadron Collider

Author

A. Poyet, A. Bertarelli, F. Carra, S. D. Fartoukh, N. Fuster-Martínez, N. Karastathis, Y. Papaphilippou, M. Pojer, S. Redaelli, A. Rossi, K. Skoufaris, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, and G. Sterbini

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

In high intensity and high energy colliders, such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and its future high-luminosity upgrade, interactions between the two beams around the different interaction points impose machine performance limitations. In fact, their effect reduces the beam lifetime, and therefore, the collider’s luminosity reach. Those interactions are called beam-beam long-range (BBLR) interactions, and a possible mitigation of their effect using dc wires was proposed for the first time in the early 2000’s. This solution is currently being studied as an option for enhancing the HL-LHC performance. In 2017 and 2018, four demonstrators of wire compensators have been installed in the LHC. A 2-yearlong experimental campaign followed in order to validate the possibility to mitigate the BBLR interactions in the LHC. During this campaign, a proof-of-concept was completed and motivated an additional set of experiments, successfully demonstrating the mitigation of BBLR interactions effects in beam conditions compatible with the operational configuration. This paper reports in detail the preparation of the experimental campaign, including the corresponding tracking simulations and the obtained results, and draws some perspectives for the future.

Published
2024
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23. Protograph-Based Decoding of LDPC Codes with Hamming Weight Amplifiers

Author

Bartz, Hannes, Yacoub, Emna Ben, Bertarelli, Lorenza, and Liva, Gianluigi

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

A new protograph-based framework for message passing (MP) decoding of low density parity-check (LDPC) codes with Hamming weight amplifiers (HWAs), which are used e.g. in the NIST post-quantum crypto candidate LEDAcrypt, is proposed. The scheme exploits the correlations in the error patterns introduced by the HWA using a turbo-like decoding approach where messages between the decoders for the outer code given by the HWA and the inner LDPC code are exchanged. Decoding thresholds for the proposed scheme are computed using density evolution (DE) analysis for belief propagation (BP) and ternary message passing (TMP) decoding and compared to existing decoding approaches. The proposed scheme improves upon the basic approach of decoding LDPC code from the amplified error and has a similar performance as decoding the corresponding moderate-density parity-check (MDPC) code but with a significantly lower computational complexity.

Published
2020

33. Light-triggered cardiac microphysiological model

Author

V. Vurro, K. Shani, H. A. M. Ardoña, J. F. Zimmerman, V. Sesti, K. Y. Lee, Q. Jin, C. Bertarelli, K. K. Parker, and G. Lanzani

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Light is recognized as an accurate and noninvasive tool for stimulating excitable cells. Here, we report on a non-genetic approach based on organic molecular phototransducers that allows wiring- and electrode-free tissue modulation. As a proof of concept, we show photostimulation of an in vitro cardiac microphysiological model mediated by an amphiphilic azobenzene compound that preferentially dwells in the cell membrane. Exploiting this optical based stimulation technology could be a disruptive approach for highly resolved cardiac tissue stimulation.

Published
2023
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34. An Industrial-Scale Study of the Hardness and Microstructural Effects of Isothermal Heat Treatment Parameters on EN 100CrMo7 Bearing Steel

Author

Annalisa Fortini, Emanuele Bertarelli, Manuel Cassola, and Mattia Merlin

Subjects
100CrMo7 bearing steel, martempering, austempering, microstructure, bainite, hardness, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

The 100CrMo7, commonly employed for bearings in rotating machinery, relies on precise heat treatment parameters to ensure an optimal microstructure and, in turn, mechanical properties. Typically, an austenitizing treatment, followed by rapid cooling in a salt bath for martempering or austempering, is crucial in achieving the desired microstructure and hardness. The present industrial-scale study involved a comparative analysis between martempering and austempering routes regarding the hardness and microstructure evolution of EN 100CrMo7 large-size rings. The investigation delves into the effects of austempering temperatures, holding times, and austenitizing temperature. Furthermore, the role of tempering in reducing the amount of retained austenite was also considered. The results indicate that martempering yielded the highest hardness values while austempering exhibited a decrease in hardness at the center of the rings, though a lower amount of retained austenite (in the range of 3.0–4.9 vol.%) was detected in comparison with martempering. In addition, a 850 °C austenitizing temperature reduced the hardness by 16% in the center of the rings and promoted a high content of upper bainite, thus suggesting its inefficacy for the involved large-size rings. In contrast, a 880 °C austenitizing temperature maintained consistently high HRC values across the ring’s height. Lastly, the analysis highlighted that the cooling rate played a more crucial role than the austempering holding time. Such industrial-scale investigations performed on real components improve the knowledge and control of heat treatment parameters in comparison with the nominal guidelines provided by steel suppliers. These outcomes offer insights for optimizing industrial heat treatment parameters, with practical implications for enhancing steel bearings’ microstructural and mechanical performance and lifespan.

Published
2024
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35. Radiation damage and thermal shock response of carbon-fiber-reinforced materials to intense high-energy proton beams

Author

Simos, N., Zhong, Z., Ghose, S., Kirk, H. G., Trung, L-P, McDonald, K. T., Kotsina, Z., Nocera, P., Assmann, R., Redaelli, S., Bertarelli, A., Quaranta, E., Rossi, A., Zwaska, R., Ammigan, K., Hurh, P., and Mokhov, N.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

A comprehensive study on the effects of energetic protons on carbon-fiber composites and compounds under consideration for use as low-Z pion production targets in future high-power accelerators and low-impedance collimating elements for intercepting TeV-level protons at the Large Hadron Collider has been undertaken addressing two key areas, namely, thermal shock absorption and resistance to irradiation damage., Comment: 20 pp

Published
2017
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36. Membrane Targeted Azobenzene Drives Optical Modulation of Bacterial Membrane Potential

Author

Tailise Carolina deSouza‐Guerreiro, Gaia Bondelli, Iago Grobas, Stefano Donini, Valentina Sesti, Chiara Bertarelli, Guglielmo Lanzani, Munehiro Asally, and Giuseppe Maria Paternò

Subjects
bacterial cell electrophysiology, bacterial electrical signaling, bioelectricity, nanomaterials, optostimulation, photonics, Science
Abstract

Abstract Recent studies have shown that bacterial membrane potential is dynamic and plays signaling roles. Yet, little is still known about the mechanisms of membrane potential dynamics regulation—owing to a scarcity of appropriate research tools. Optical modulation of bacterial membrane potential could fill this gap and provide a new approach for studying and controlling bacterial physiology and electrical signaling. Here, the authors show that a membrane‐targeted azobenzene (Ziapin2) can be used to photo‐modulate the membrane potential in cells of the Gram‐positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. It is found that upon exposure to blue–green light (λ = 470 nm), isomerization of Ziapin2 in the bacteria membrane induces hyperpolarization of the potential. To investigate the origin of this phenomenon, ion‐channel‐deletion strains and ion channel blockers are examined. The authors found that in presence of the chloride channel blocker idanyloxyacetic acid‐94 (IAA‐94) or in absence of KtrAB potassium transporter, the hyperpolarization response is attenuated. These results reveal that the Ziapin2 isomerization can induce ion channel opening in the bacterial membrane and suggest that Ziapin2 can be used for studying and controlling bacterial electrical signaling. This new optical tool could contribute to better understand various microbial phenomena, such as biofilm electric signaling and antimicrobial resistance.

Published
2023
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37. Optical modulation of excitation-contraction coupling in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes

Author

Vito Vurro, Beatrice Federici, Carlotta Ronchi, Chiara Florindi, Valentina Sesti, Silvia Crasto, Claudia Maniezzi, Camilla Galli, Maria Rosa Antognazza, Chiara Bertarelli, Elisa Di Pasquale, Guglielmo Lanzani, and Francesco Lodola

Subjects
Molecular physiology, Cell biology, Stem cells research, Science
Abstract

Summary: Non-genetic photostimulation is a novel and rapidly growing multidisciplinary field that aims to induce light-sensitivity in living systems by exploiting exogeneous phototransducers. Here, we propose an intramembrane photoswitch, based on an azobenzene derivative (Ziapin2), for optical pacing of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). The light-mediated stimulation process has been studied by applying several techniques to detect the effect on the cell properties. In particular, we recorded changes in membrane capacitance, in membrane potential (Vm), and modulation of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics. Finally, cell contractility was analyzed using a custom MATLAB algorithm. Photostimulation of intramembrane Ziapin2 causes a transient Vm hyperpolarization followed by a delayed depolarization and action potential firing. The observed initial electrical modulation nicely correlates with changes in Ca2+ dynamics and contraction rate. This work represents the proof of principle that Ziapin2 can modulate electrical activity and contractility in hiPSC-CMs, opening up a future development in cardiac physiology.

Published
2023
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40. Collimation System

Author

Appleby, R. B., Barlow, R., Bertarelli, A., Bruce, R., Carra, F., Cerutti, F., Esposito, L., Faus-Golfe, A., Morales, H. Garcia, Gentini, L., Gibson, S. M., Gradassi, P., Jowett, J. M., Kwee-Hinzmann, R., Lari, L., Lechner, A., Markiewicz, T., Marsili, A., Molson, J., Nevay, L. J., Quaranta, E., Rafique, H., Redaelli, S., Serluca, M., Skordis, E., Stancari, G., Steele, G., and Toader, A.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

Chapter 5 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is one of the largest scientific instruments ever built. Since opening up a new energy frontier for exploration in 2010, it has gathered a global user community of about 7,000 scientists working in fundamental particle physics and the physics of hadronic matter at extreme temperature and density. To sustain and extend its discovery potential, the LHC will need a major upgrade in the 2020s. This will increase its luminosity (rate of collisions) by a factor of five beyond the original design value and the integrated luminosity (total collisions created) by a factor ten. The LHC is already a highly complex and exquisitely optimised machine so this upgrade must be carefully conceived and will require about ten years to implement. The new configuration, known as High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), will rely on a number of key innovations that push accelerator technology beyond its present limits. Among these are cutting-edge 11-12 tesla superconducting magnets, compact superconducting cavities for beam rotation with ultra-precise phase control, new technology and physical processes for beam collimation and 300 metre-long high-power superconducting links with negligible energy dissipation. The present document describes the technologies and components that will be used to realise the project and is intended to serve as the basis for the detailed engineering design of HL-LHC., Comment: 22 pages, chapter 5 in High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) : Preliminary Design Report

Published
2017
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41. Functional modification of graphene nanoparticles: covalent grafting of peptides and π bonding for drug loading and delivery.

Author

Hu, Kaiyue, Brambilla, Luigi, Moretti, Paola, Bertarelli, Chiara, Castiglioni, Chiara, Pappalardo, Giuseppe, and Sabatino, Giuseppina

Subjects
MOLECULAR structure, RAMAN spectroscopy technique, SMALL molecules, FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy, FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy
Abstract

Graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) can serve as a versatile platform for the development of drug-delivery systems by means of suitable functionalization strategies. Using a green physical method, we prepared GNPs comprising N < 10 stacked graphene layers with an average lateral size of about 102 nm. These GNPs are naturally endowed with carboxyl groups decorating their edges, facilitating further functionalization. Thus, a cell permeable peptide (CPP) poly-arginine-11 (R11) was grafted onto the GNPs to obtain peptide-functionalized GNPs (R11@GNP). Moreover, the preparation of a non-covalent complex with 1-pyrene carboxylic acid (PyCA) demonstrated that the GNP surface can be loaded with small molecules for drug delivery purposes. The structure of R11@GNP and PyCA@GNP supramolecular systems and the presence of covalent and non-covalent bonds, respectively, was investigated. A thorough analysis of the functionalized GNPs through UV-vis, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy techniques as well as dynamic light scattering and Z-potential measurements well characterized their structures at the molecular level. Fluorescence spectroscopy allowed collecting further evidence of the formation of stable π–π complexes between GNPs and PyCA and provided a first test of the thermally induced release of absorbed molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. A Spatio-Temporal Approach to Latent Variables: Modelling Gender (im)balance in the Big Data Era

Author

Crippa, Franca, Bertarelli, Gaia, Mecatti, Fulvia, Bertino, Elisa, Series Editor, Cioffi-Revilla, Claudio, Series Editor, Foster, Jacob, Series Editor, Gilbert, Nigel, Series Editor, Golbeck, Jennifer, Series Editor, Gonçalves, Bruno, Series Editor, Kitts, James A., Series Editor, Liebovitch, Larry S., Series Editor, Matei, Sorin A., Series Editor, Nijholt, Anton, Series Editor, Nowak, Andrzej, Series Editor, Savit, Robert, Series Editor, Squazzoni, Flaminio, Series Editor, Vinciarelli, Alessandro, Series Editor, Rudas, Tamás, editor, and Péli, Gábor, editor

Published
2021
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44. SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure Awaiting Heart Transplant: Preliminary Results from The SGLT2i-HT Study

Author

Gallone, G., primary, Pidello, S., additional, Bertarelli, E., additional, Tedeschi, A., additional, Maione, D., additional, Cacioli, G., additional, Pradegan, N., additional, Tessari, C., additional, Di Nora, C., additional, Verde, A., additional, Perna, E., additional, Raineri, C., additional, Marro, M., additional, Simonato, E., additional, Breviario, F., additional, Cavallier, F., additional, Amarelli, C., additional, Turco, A., additional, Vendramin, I., additional, Gerosa, G., additional, Scelsi, L., additional, Lilla Della Monica, P., additional, Sinagra, G., additional, Garascia, A., additional, Merlo, M., additional, Rinaldi, M., additional, De Ferrari, G.M., additional, and Boffini, M., additional

Published
2024
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46. Protograph-Based Decoding of Low-Density Parity-Check Codes with Hamming Weight Amplifiers

Author

Bartz, Hannes, Yacoub, Emna Ben, Bertarelli, Lorenza, Liva, Gianluigi, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Baldi, Marco, editor, Persichetti, Edoardo, editor, and Santini, Paolo, editor

Published
2020
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47. Beam-Induced Damage Mechanisms and their Calculation

Author

Bertarelli, A.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The rapid interaction of highly energetic particle beams with matter induces dynamic responses in the impacted component. If the beam pulse is sufficiently intense, extreme conditions can be reached, such as very high pressures, changes of material density, phase transitions, intense stress waves, material fragmentation and explosions. Even at lower intensities and longer time-scales, significant effects may be induced, such as vibrations, large oscillations, and permanent deformation of the impacted components. These lectures provide an introduction to the mechanisms that govern the thermomechanical phenomena induced by the interaction between particle beams and solids and to the analytical and numerical methods that are available for assessing the response of impacted components. An overview of the design principles of such devices is also provided, along with descriptions of material selection guidelines and the experimental tests that are required to validate materials and components exposed to interactions with energetic particle beams., Comment: 69 pages, contribution to the 2014 Joint International Accelerator School: Beam Loss and Accelerator Protection, Newport Beach, CA, USA , 5-14 Nov 2014

Published
2016
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48. Wave-particle interactions in copper diamond

Author

Marcus Portelli, Michele Pasquali, Federico Carra, Alessandro Bertarelli, Pierluigi Mollicone, and Nicholas Sammut

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

In the context of wave propagation in solids caused by particle-matter interactions, the composite structure of copper diamond is believed to have a significant impact on the material’s response. This limits the accuracy of isotropic homogeneous elastic and elastic-plastic models used in earlier studies modeling the material’s behavior under such conditions. This study aims to investigate the mesoscopic behavior of the copper diamond and discusses the advantages and limitations of modeling the internal composite structure of the material. The material response of CuCD was modeled in a 2D finite element simulation, considering internal wave propagation as a result of external impact and an internal thermal shock. Various homogeneous models were considered and compared with a mesoscopic model. The homogeneous models tested were found to be able to capture wave propagation effects in the material, and the inclusion of a hardening model allowed their performance to approach that of the mesoscale model considered, which is significantly more computationally demanding.

Published
2023
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49. Combining UV-Vis and Resonance Raman Spectroscopy to Characterize Molecular Aggregation

Author

Valentina Sesti, Micol D’Antonio, Andrea Lucotti, Paola Moretti, Rossella Castagna, Chiara Bertarelli, and Matteo Tommasini

Subjects
azobenzenes, molecular aggregation, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, TDDFT, H-aggregates, Crystallography, QD901-999
Abstract

In this work, we use UV-Vis and Raman spectroscopy to correlate the intensity of selected transitions to the onset of aggregation phenomena. Through TDDFT calculations, we rationalize the formation of H-aggregates and their influence on the observed changes in the UV-Vis spectra. A correlation between Raman intensity and the molar absorption coefficient is experimentally observed and theoretically rationalized. We develop this method by considering Disperse Orange 3 (DO3), a well-known push–pull azobenzene dye with strong optical absorption in the blue–green region of the visible spectrum, and the known tendency to form H-aggregates.

Published
2023
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