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2. A virally encoded tRNA neutralizes the PARIS antiviral defence system

Author

Burman, Nathaniel, Belukhina, Svetlana, Depardieu, Florence, Wilkinson, Royce A., Skutel, Mikhail, Santiago-Frangos, Andrew, Graham, Ava B., Livenskyi, Alexei, Chechenina, Anna, Morozova, Natalia, Zahl, Trevor, Henriques, William S., Buyukyoruk, Murat, Rouillon, Christophe, Saudemont, Baptiste, Shyrokova, Lena, Kurata, Tatsuaki, Hauryliuk, Vasili, Severinov, Konstantin, Groseille, Justine, Thierry, Agnès, Koszul, Romain, Tesson, Florian, Bernheim, Aude, Bikard, David, Wiedenheft, Blake, and Isaev, Artem

Published
2024
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4. Cardiovascular Testing in the United States during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Volume Recovery and Worldwide Comparison.

Author

Bullock-Palmer, Renee, Chen, Marcus, DiLorenzo, Michael, Doukky, Rami, Ferencik, Maros, Geske, Jeffrey, Hage, Fadi, Hendel, Robert, Koweek, Lynne, Murthy, Venkatesh, Narula, Jagat, Rodriguez Lozano, Patricia, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Amee, Soman, Prem, Thompson, Randall, Wolinsky, David, Cohen, Yosef, Malkovskiy, Eli, Randazzo, Michael, Lopez-Mattei, Juan, Parwani, Purvi, Shetty, Mrinali, Pascual, Thomas, Pynda, Yaroslav, Dondi, Maurizio, Paez, Diana, Einstein, Andrew, Hirschfeld, Cole, Dorbala, Sharmila, Shaw, Leslee, Villines, Todd, Choi, Andrew, Better, Nathan, Cerci, Rodrigo, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Vitola, João, Williams, Michelle, Al-Mallah, Mouaz, Berman, Daniel, Bernheim, Adam, Biederman, Robert, Bravo, Paco, and Budoff, Matthew

Subjects
Angiography, COVID-19, CT, CT Angiography, Cardiac, Cardiac Testing, Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Imaging, Diagnostic Cardiovascular Procedure, Echocardiography, Epidemiology, MR Imaging, Radionuclide Studies, SPECT, SPECT/CT
Abstract

PURPOSE: To characterize the recovery of diagnostic cardiovascular procedure volumes in U.S. and non-U.S. facilities in the year following the initial COVID-19 outbreak. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) coordinated a worldwide study called the IAEA Noninvasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19 2 (INCAPS COVID 2), collecting data from 669 facilities in 107 countries, including 93 facilities in 34 U.S. states, to determine the impact of the pandemic on diagnostic cardiovascular procedure volumes. Participants reported volumes for each diagnostic imaging modality used at their facility for March 2019 (baseline), April 2020, and April 2021. This secondary analysis of INCAPS COVID 2 evaluated differences in changes in procedure volume between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and among U.S. regions. Factors associated with return to prepandemic volumes in the United States were also analyzed in a multivariable regression analysis. RESULTS: Reduction in procedure volumes in April 2020 compared with baseline was similar for U.S. and non-U.S. facilities (-66% vs -71%, P = .27). U.S. facilities reported greater return to baseline in April 2021 than did all non-U.S. facilities (4% vs -6%, P = .008), but there was no evidence of a difference when comparing U.S. facilities with non-U.S. high-income country (NUHIC) facilities (4% vs 0%, P = .18). U.S. regional differences in return to baseline were observed between the Midwest (11%), Northeast (9%), South (1%), and West (-7%, P = .03), but no studied factors were significant predictors of 2021 change from prepandemic baseline. CONCLUSION: The reductions in cardiac testing during the early pandemic have recovered within a year to prepandemic baselines in the United States and NUHICs, while procedure volumes remain depressed in lower-income countries.Keywords: SPECT, Cardiac, Epidemiology, Angiography, CT Angiography, CT, Echocardiography, SPECT/CT, MR Imaging, Radionuclide Studies, COVID-19, Cardiovascular Imaging, Diagnostic Cardiovascular Procedure, Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiac Testing Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2023.

Published
2023

5. On the interplay between activity, elasticity and liquid transport in self-contractile biopolymer gels

Author

Bernheim-Groswasser, Anne, Livne, Gefen, Nardinocchi, Paola, Recrosi, Filippo, and Teresi, Luciano

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Active gels play an important role in biology and in inspiring biomimetic active materials, due to their ability to change shape, size and create their own morphology; the relevant mechanics behind these changes is driven by self-contraction and liquid flow. Here, we couple contraction and liquid flow within a nonlinear mechanical model of an active gel disc to discuss how contraction dynamics inherits length scales which are typical of the liquid flow processes. The cylindrically symmetric model we present, which recapitulate our previous theoretical modeling in its basic lines, reveals that when also liquid flow is taken into account, the aspect ratio of the disc is not the only geometrical parameter which characterizes the contraction dynamics of the gel. The analyses we present provide important insights into the dependence of contraction dynamics on geometry and allow to make some progress in designing materials which can be adapted for different applications in soft robotics.

Published
2023

6. Who Controls the Agenda Controls the Polity

Author

Ali, S. Nageeb, Bernheim, B. Douglas, Bloedel, Alexander W., and Battilana, Silvia Console

Subjects
Economics - Theoretical Economics
Abstract

This paper models legislative decision-making with an agenda setter who can propose policies sequentially, tailoring each proposal to the status quo that prevails after prior votes. Voters are sophisticated and the agenda setter cannot commit to her future proposals. Nevertheless, the agenda setter obtains her favorite outcome in every equilibrium regardless of the initial default policy. Central to our results is a new condition on preferences, manipulability, that holds in rich policy spaces, including spatial settings and distribution problems. Our results overturn the conventional wisdom that voter sophistication alone constrains an agenda setter's power.

Published
2022

7. Interstitial lung disease diagnosis and prognosis using an AI system integrating longitudinal data

Author

Mei, Xueyan, Liu, Zelong, Singh, Ayushi, Lange, Marcia, Boddu, Priyanka, Gong, Jingqi QX, Lee, Justine, DeMarco, Cody, Cao, Chendi, Platt, Samantha, Sivakumar, Ganesh, Gross, Benjamin, Huang, Mingqian, Masseaux, Joy, Dua, Sakshi, Bernheim, Adam, Chung, Michael, Deyer, Timothy, Jacobi, Adam, Padilla, Maria, Fayad, Zahi A, and Yang, Yang

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Rare Diseases, Biomedical Imaging, Clinical Research, Lung, 7.3 Management and decision making, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Management of diseases and conditions, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Respiratory, Humans, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Disease Progression, Thorax, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

For accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), a consensus of radiologic, pathological, and clinical findings is vital. Management of ILD also requires thorough follow-up with computed tomography (CT) studies and lung function tests to assess disease progression, severity, and response to treatment. However, accurate classification of ILD subtypes can be challenging, especially for those not accustomed to reading chest CTs regularly. Dynamic models to predict patient survival rates based on longitudinal data are challenging to create due to disease complexity, variation, and irregular visit intervals. Here, we utilize RadImageNet pretrained models to diagnose five types of ILD with multimodal data and a transformer model to determine a patient's 3-year survival rate. When clinical history and associated CT scans are available, the proposed deep learning system can help clinicians diagnose and classify ILD patients and, importantly, dynamically predict disease progression and prognosis.

Published
2023

16. Pre-COVID-19 hospital quality and hospital response to COVID-19: examining associations between risk-adjusted mortality for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 hospital quality

Author

Michelle Schreiber, Jing Zhang, Yongfei Wang, Zhenqiu Lin, Arjun K Venkatesh, Lee A Fleisher, Elizabeth W Triche, Lisa G Suter, Doris Peter, Shu-Xia Li, Jacqueline Grady, Kerry McDowell, Erica Norton, and Susannah Bernheim

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Objectives The extent to which care quality influenced outcomes for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 is unknown. Our objective was to determine if prepandemic hospital quality is associated with mortality among Medicare patients hospitalised with COVID-19.Design This is a retrospective observational study. We calculated hospital-level risk-standardised in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates (risk-standardised mortality rates, RSMRs) for patients hospitalised with COVID-19, and correlation coefficients between RSMRs and pre-COVID-19 hospital quality, overall and stratified by hospital characteristics.Setting Short-term acute care hospitals and critical access hospitals in the USA.Participants Hospitalised Medicare beneficiaries (Fee-For-Service and Medicare Advantage) age 65 and older hospitalised with COVID-19, discharged between 1 April 2020 and 30 September 2021.Intervention/exposure Pre-COVID-19 hospital quality.Outcomes Risk-standardised COVID-19 in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates (RSMRs).Results In-hospital (n=4256) RSMRs for Medicare patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (April 2020–September 2021) ranged from 4.5% to 59.9% (median 18.2%; IQR 14.7%–23.7%); 30-day RSMRs ranged from 12.9% to 56.2% (IQR 24.6%–30.6%). COVID-19 RSMRs were negatively correlated with star rating summary scores (in-hospital correlation coefficient −0.41, p

Published
2024
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17. Keratoconus and the Impact of Treatment on Patients’ Quality of Life: A Qualitative Study

Author

Fournié, Pierre, Acquadro, Michaël, Touboul, David, Cochener, Béatrice, Chiambaretta, Frédéric, Muraine, Marc, Borderie, Vincent, Bourges, Jean-Louis, Benmedjahed, Khadra, Tugaut, Béatrice, Bernheim, Diane, Bourcier, Tristan, Burillon, Carole, David, Thierry, Delbosc, Bernard, Gain, Philippe, Hoffart, Louis, Labetoulle, Marc, Laroche, Laurent, Malet, Florence, Orignac, Isabelle, Robert, Pierre-Yves, Thuret, Gilles, Vabres, Bertrand, Malecaze, François, and Arnould, Benoit

Published
2023
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18. Defect-driven shape transitions in elastic active nematic shells

Author

Pearce, D. J. G., Gat, S., Livne, G., Bernheim-Groswasser, A., and Kruse, K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract

Active matter is characterized by its ability to induce motion by self-generated stress. In the case of a solid, such motion can lead to shape transformations. The stress-generating components can be anisotropic endowing the material with mesoscopic orientational order. It is currently unknown how the specific postions and orientations of these active constituents influence morphological changes. We study theoretically the effects of imposing topological point defects in the arrangements of the stress-generating components on the morphology of elastic active nematic shells. We show that topological defects of charge +1 are uniquely capable of increasing, reducing or maintaining the intrinsic curvature of the shell. These changes depend on the nature of the active stress and the phase angle of the defect. We apply our theory to experiments conducted on contracting actomyosin sheets. By combining defects of different charges, we can generate shells with arbitrary complexity. We confirm this flexibility by reproducing the shape of the freshwater polyp Hydra, in which topological defects have been associated with morphological features of the animal. In addition to understanding morphogenetic processes, these principles can be applied to the design of programmable active mechanical metamaterials that form the basis of autonomous soft robots., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020

19. Kinetics of actin networks formation measured by time resolved particle-tracking microrheology

Author

Levin, Maayan, Sorkin, Raya, Pine, David, Granek, Rony, Bernheim-Groswasser, Anne, and Roichman, Yael

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract

Actin is one of the most studied cytoskeleton proteins showing a very rich span of structures. It can self-assemble actively into dynamical structures that govern the mechanical properties of the cell, its motility and its division. However, only very few studies characterize the kinetics of the active actin self-assembly process beyond the formation of an entangled network. Here, we follow actin polymerization kinetics and organization into entangled networks using time resolved passive microrheology. We establish a relationship between the initial concentration of monomers, the active polymerization and network formation kinetics, and the viscoelastic properties from the onset of actin polymerization upto the formation of a steady state entangled network. Surprisingly, we find that at high enough initial monomer concentrations the elastic modulus of the forming actin networks overshoots and then relaxes with a -2/5 power law, that we attribute to rearrangements of the network into a steady state structure., Comment: 15 pages 8 figures

Published
2020

20. Rapid AI Development Cycle for the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Initial Results for Automated Detection & Patient Monitoring using Deep Learning CT Image Analysis

Author

Gozes, Ophir, Frid-Adar, Maayan, Greenspan, Hayit, Browning, Patrick D., Zhang, Huangqi, Ji, Wenbin, Bernheim, Adam, and Siegel, Eliot

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Purpose: Develop AI-based automated CT image analysis tools for detection, quantification, and tracking of Coronavirus; demonstrate they can differentiate coronavirus patients from non-patients. Materials and Methods: Multiple international datasets, including from Chinese disease-infected areas were included. We present a system that utilizes robust 2D and 3D deep learning models, modifying and adapting existing AI models and combining them with clinical understanding. We conducted multiple retrospective experiments to analyze the performance of the system in the detection of suspected COVID-19 thoracic CT features and to evaluate evolution of the disease in each patient over time using a 3D volume review, generating a Corona score. The study includes a testing set of 157 international patients (China and U.S). Results: Classification results for Coronavirus vs Non-coronavirus cases per thoracic CT studies were 0.996 AUC (95%CI: 0.989-1.00) ; on datasets of Chinese control and infected patients. Possible working point: 98.2% sensitivity, 92.2% specificity. For time analysis of Coronavirus patients, the system output enables quantitative measurements for smaller opacities (volume, diameter) and visualization of the larger opacities in a slice-based heat map or a 3D volume display. Our suggested Corona score measures the progression of disease over time. Conclusion: This initial study, which is currently being expanded to a larger population, demonstrated that rapidly developed AI-based image analysis can achieve high accuracy in detection of Coronavirus as well as quantification and tracking of disease burden., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures

Published
2020

24. Young women's (im)mobilities : a qualitative study in Inverness, Scotland

Author

Bernheim, Rebekkah, Tisdall, Kay, Fry, Deborah, and Clasen, Jochen

Subjects
young women, social connections, public realm, Inverness, social identity, socio-cultural contexts, parental regulations, infrastructure
Abstract

Through their everyday mobilities, young women forge and maintain social connections and often develop a sense of place belonging where they reside. Yet, young women's mobilities are not solely a product of personal preference. Instead, they are influenced, and often curtailed, by familial, cultural and structural factors. These factors are wide-ranging and have complex gender dimensions. There is, however, a paucity of research examining how gender affects young women's (im)mobilities and experiences of the public realm at different levels of analysis (i.e., individual, interactional and macro), particularly in the context of a small urban area. This research addresses this gap, and sheds light on the pervasive effects of gender and gender inequality on young women's (im)mobilities. The aim of my research is thus to explore the everyday (im)mobilities of young women in Inverness, Scotland and the implications these have for their access to, and involvement in, the public realm. My research seeks to disrupt the historically adult male versions and narratives of social life in social science literature by meaningfully focusing on and including young women in the research process. To do this, I utilised a combination of qualitative methods, including participatory techniques and semi-structured interviews with 41 participants. The data were collected over an eight-month period (October 2018 to May 2019) in a cluster of three residential neighbourhoods in Inverness, Scotland. These neighbourhoods have a mixed demographic profile and experience several challenges including high rates of poverty, unemployment and crime. The neighbourhoods were selected because, due to their location, young women used a variety of different forms of transportation to move around including walking, cars and public transportation. The research was conducted with four participant groups including 12 young women between the ages of 13- 17, five parents/carers, 17 key adults and seven policy professionals. The age range for the young women is justifiable because adolescents often have more freedom of movement without an accompanying adult than younger children. Moreover, existing empirical evidence shows concern for young women's mobilities compared to young men's increases during adolescence. Ethical best practices were carefully considered throughout the research process. The three findings chapters explore several key themes. These themes include gender, (im)mobilities, space and place, place belonging and place-based stigma (territorial stigmatisation). In the findings chapters, I critically discuss the complex factors that constrain and enable young women's mobilities. I argue that young women's (im)mobilities are not simply a product of personal preference, but are influenced by intersecting social identities, environmental variables, self-imposed and parental regulations, transportation policy and infrastructure, and systemic inequalities, all of which have gender dimensions. Moreover, young women's mobilities are interrelated with their social connections, and spending time with friends 'on the move' can both strengthen relationships, and at the same time, extend their mobilities. However, young women have varying degrees of access to the public realm and use it for different social purposes. The politics of sharing space with others also, at times, creates tensions as different generations and genders may have alternative understandings of acceptable spatial practices. Lastly, young women's mobilities and subsequently their access to, and involvement in, the public realm are highly contextual, and shaped by where they live. In this research, the negative reputation attached to the neighbourhoods in the field site had implications for where young women wanted to go, where they were allowed to go, their sense of place belonging and their aspirations. By exploring young women's movements in the public realm, as well as the meanings they and others give to their mobilities, this research lays bare the all too often hidden influence of gender. The findings conceptually contribute to literature on young people's mobilities by highlighting how gender influences (im)mobilities at multiple levels of analysis. The findings also provide insight into the lives of young women in Inverness, a city which receives little research attention. This research moreover has implications for transportation policy, urban planning/design and youth work. Young women are overlooked in transportation design, services and policies in Scotland. The transportation sector would benefit from imbedding gender sensitive policies and programmes into their current and future activities. Those responsible for urban planning and design should also consider generational differences in social and spatial practices and take young women's needs into account. The youth work sector would also benefit from considering young women's desire to have a space to call their own. By focusing on the experiences and needs of young women new knowledge will emerge to inform more inclusive and effective local services and policies to support and value young women in Scotland and beyond.

Published
2021
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25. Keratoconus and the Impact of Treatment on Patients’ Quality of Life: A Qualitative Study

Author

Pierre Fournié, Michaël Acquadro, David Touboul, Béatrice Cochener, Frédéric Chiambaretta, Marc Muraine, Vincent Borderie, Jean-Louis Bourges, Khadra Benmedjahed, Béatrice Tugaut, Diane Bernheim, Tristan Bourcier, Carole Burillon, Thierry David, Bernard Delbosc, Philippe Gain, Louis Hoffart, Marc Labetoulle, Laurent Laroche, Florence Malet, Isabelle Orignac, Pierre-Yves Robert, Gilles Thuret, Bertrand Vabres, François Malecaze, and Benoit Arnould

Subjects
Keratoconus, Quality of life, Questionnaire, Patient-reported outcomes, Contact lens, Cross-linking, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Abstract Introduction Keratoconus has a significant impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL), from diagnosis to the advanced stages of the disease. The aim of this research was to identify domains of QoL affected by this disease and its treatment. Methods Phone interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide, with patients with keratoconus stratified according to their current treatment. A board of keratoconus experts helped identify the guide’s main themes. Results Thirty-five patients (rigid contact lenses, n = 9; cross-linking, n = 9; corneal ring implants, n = 8; and corneal transplantation, n = 9) were interviewed by qualitative researchers. Phone interviews revealed several QoL domains affected by the disease and its treatments: “psychological”, “social life”, “professional life”, “financial costs” and “student life”. All domains were impacted, independently of the treatment history. Few differences were found between treatment regimens and keratoconus stages. Qualitative analysis enabled the development of a conceptual framework based on Wilson and Cleary’s model for patient outcomes common to all patients. This conceptual model describes the relationship between patients’ characteristics, their symptoms, their environment, their functional visual impairment and the impact on their QoL. Conclusions These qualitative findings supported the generation of a questionnaire to evaluate the impact of keratoconus and its treatment on patients’ QoL. Cognitive debriefings confirmed its content validity. The questionnaire is applicable for all stages of keratoconus and treatments and may help tracking change over time in regular clinical settings. Psychometric validation is yet to be performed before its use in research and clinical practices.

Published
2023
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26. Interstitial lung disease diagnosis and prognosis using an AI system integrating longitudinal data

Author

Xueyan Mei, Zelong Liu, Ayushi Singh, Marcia Lange, Priyanka Boddu, Jingqi Q. X. Gong, Justine Lee, Cody DeMarco, Chendi Cao, Samantha Platt, Ganesh Sivakumar, Benjamin Gross, Mingqian Huang, Joy Masseaux, Sakshi Dua, Adam Bernheim, Michael Chung, Timothy Deyer, Adam Jacobi, Maria Padilla, Zahi A. Fayad, and Yang Yang

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract For accurate diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), a consensus of radiologic, pathological, and clinical findings is vital. Management of ILD also requires thorough follow-up with computed tomography (CT) studies and lung function tests to assess disease progression, severity, and response to treatment. However, accurate classification of ILD subtypes can be challenging, especially for those not accustomed to reading chest CTs regularly. Dynamic models to predict patient survival rates based on longitudinal data are challenging to create due to disease complexity, variation, and irregular visit intervals. Here, we utilize RadImageNet pretrained models to diagnose five types of ILD with multimodal data and a transformer model to determine a patient’s 3-year survival rate. When clinical history and associated CT scans are available, the proposed deep learning system can help clinicians diagnose and classify ILD patients and, importantly, dynamically predict disease progression and prognosis.

Published
2023
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30. Biological characterization of two xenografts derived from human CUPs (carcinomas of unknown primary)

Author

Bernheim Alain, Hainaut Pierre, Souquère Sylvie, Mathieu Marie-Christine, Toujani Saloua, Fizazi Karim, Lequin Delphine, Praz Françoise, and Busson Pierre

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Carcinomas of unknown primary site (CUP) are epithelial malignancies revealed by metastatic lesions in the absence of any detectable primary tumor. Although they often adopt an aggressive clinical pattern, their basic biology remains poorly understood. Laboratory research on their biology have been hampered so far by the absence of cell lines representative of CUPs. Methods We attempted xenografts of CUP clinical specimens in immunodeficient mice and subsequent in vitro culture of transplanted malignant cells. Whenever possible, malignant xenografted or cultured cells were characterized by microsatellite genotyping, immunohistology, electron microscopy, multifish chromosome analysis and search of TP 53 gene mutations. Results Successful xenografts were achieved in 2 cases out of 4. One of them (Capi1) was lost after 3 passages whereas the other one (Capi3) has been adapted to in vitro culture and is currently available to the scientific community with reliable identification based on microsatellite genotyping. Both Capi1 and Capi3 have histological characteristics of adenocarcinomas and display intense expression of EMA, CEA and cytokeratin 7. Multifish chromosome analysis demonstrated a translocation involving chromosomes 4 and 21 in both specimens. Distinct rare missense mutations of the TP53 gene were detected in Capi1 (codon 312) and Capi3 (codon 181); the codon 181 mutation is consistent with a previously reported similar finding in a small series of CUP specimens. Finally, intense membrane expression of c-kit was recorded in Capi3. Conclusion Our data suggest that xenografted tumors can be obtained from a substantial fraction of CUP clinical specimens. The hypothesis of a preferential association of CUPs with TP 53 mutations of codon 181 deserves further investigations. The Capi3 cell line will be a useful tool for assessment of novel c-kit inhibitors.

Published
2007
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31. Integration of Myeloblastosis Associated Virus proviral sequences occurs in the vicinity of genes encoding signaling proteins and regulators of cell proliferation

Author

Auffray Charles, Joliot Véronique, Bernheim Alain, Coullin Philippe, Li Chang Long, Zoroob Rima, and Perbal Bernard

Subjects
Medicine, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Abstract Aims Myeloblastosis Associated Virus type 1 (N) [MAV 1(N)] induces specifically nephroblastomas in 8–10 weeks when injected to newborn chicken. The MAV-induced nephroblastomas constitute a unique animal model of the pediatric Wilms' tumor. We have made use of three independent nephroblastomas that represent increasing tumor grades, to identify the host DNA regions in which MAV proviral sequences were integrated. METHODS Cellular sequences localized next to MAV-integration sites in the tumor DNAs were used to screen a Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) library and isolate BACs containing about 150 kilobases of normal DNA corresponding to MAV integration regions (MIRs). These BACs were mapped on the chicken chromosomes by Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and used for molecular studies. Results The different MAV integration sites that were conserved after tumor cell selection identify genes involved in the control of cell signaling and proliferation. Syntenic fragments in human DNA contain genes whose products have been involved in normal and pathological kidney development, and several oncogenes responsible for tumorigenesis in human. Conclusion The identification of putative target genes for MAV provides important clues for the understanding of the MAV pathogenic potential. These studies identified ADAMTS1 as a gene upregulated in MAV-induced nephroblastoma and established that ccn3/nov is not a preferential site of integration for MAV as previously thought. The present results support our hypothesis that the highly efficient and specific MAV-induced tumorigenesis results from the alteration of multiple target genes in differentiating blastemal cells, some of which are required for the progression to highly aggressive stages. This study reinforces our previous conclusions that the MAV-induced nephroblastoma constitutes an excellent model in which to characterize new potential oncogenes and tumor suppressors involved in the establishment and maintenance of tumors.

Published
2006
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34. Irritability and Emotional Impulsivity as Core Feature of ADHD and ODD in Children

Author

Junghänel, Michaela, Thöne, Ann-Kathrin, Ginsberg, Claudia, Görtz-Dorten, Anja, Frenk, Franziska, Mücke, Kristina, Treier, Anne-Katrin, Labarga, Sara Zaplana, Banaschewski, Tobias, Millenet, Sabina, Fegert, Jörg M., Bernheim, Dorothee, Hanisch, Charlotte, Kölch, Michael, Schüller, Anne, Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike, Kaman, Anne, Roessner, Veit, Hinz, Julian, and Döpfner, Manfred

Published
2022
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38. Association of chocolate consumption with neurological and cardiovascular outcomes in atrial fibrillation: data from two Swiss atrial fibrillation cohort studies (Swiss-AF and BEAT-AF)

Author

Annina Stauber, Andreas Müller, Nikki Rommers, Stefanie Aeschbacher, Nicolas Rodondi, Leo H. Bonati, Juerg H. Beer, Raban V. Jeger, David J. Kurz, Claudia Liedtke, Peter Ammann, Marcello Di Valentino, Patricia Chocano, Richard Kobza, Michael Kühne, David Conen, Stefan Osswald, and Alain M. Bernheim

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

AIM: To assess the associations of chocolate consumption with neurocognitive function, brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cardiovascular outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS: We analysed data from patients of two prospective multicentre Swiss atrial fibrillation cohort studies (Swiss-AF) and (BEAT-AF). Assessments of MRI findings and neurocognitive function were performed only in the Swiss-AF population (in 1727 of 2415 patients [71.5%] with a complete data set), as patients enrolled in BEAT-AF were not systematically evaluated for these outcomes. Otherwise, the two cohorts had an equivalent set of clinical assessments. Clinical outcome analysis was performed in 3931 patients of both cohorts. Chocolate consumption was assessed by questionnaire. Patients were categorised as no/low chocolate consumption (No/Low-Ch) ≤1 servings/week, moderate chocolate consumption (Mod-Ch) >1–6 servings/week, and high chocolate consumption (High-Ch) >6 servings/week, respectively. Brain lesions were evaluated by MRI. Assessment of cognitive function was performed by neurocognitive functional testing and included global cognition measurement with a cognitive construct score. Cerebral MRI and cognition were evaluated at baseline. Cross-sectional associations between chocolate consumption and MRI findings were analysed by multivariate logistic regression models and associations with neurocognitive function by multivariate linear regression models. Clinical outcome events during follow-up were recorded and assessed by a clinical event committee. The associations between chocolate consumption and clinical outcomes were evaluated by Cox regression models. The median follow-up time was 6 years. RESULTS: Chocolate consumption was not associated with prevalence or volume of vascular brain lesions on MRI, nor major adverse cardiac events (ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death). However, No/Low-Ch was independently associated with a lower cognitive construct score compared to Mod-Ch (No/Low-Ch vs. Mod-Ch: coeff. –0.05, 95% CI –0.10–0), whereas other neurocognitive function tests were not independently associated with chocolate consumption categories. In addition, there was a higher risk of heart failure hospitalisation (No/Low-Ch vs. Mod-Ch: HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01–1.52) and of all-cause mortality (No/Low-Ch vs. Mod-Ch: HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.58) in No/Low-Ch compared to Mod-Ch. No significant associations with the evaluated outcomes were observed when High-Ch was compared to Mod-Ch. CONCLUSION: While chocolate consumption was not associated with MRI findings and major adverse cardiac events in an atrial fibrillation population, No/Low-Ch was associated with a lower cognitive construct score, higher risk of heart failure hospitalisation and increased all-cause mortality compared to Mod-Ch. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02105844

Published
2023
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45. Worldwide Disparities in Recovery of Cardiac Testing 1 Year Into COVID-19

Author

Einstein, Andrew J., Paez, Diana, Dondi, Maurizio, Better, Nathan, Cerci, Rodrigo, Dorbala, Sharmila, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Pascual, Thomas N.B., Shaw, Leslee J., Villines, Todd C., Vitola, Joao V., Williams, Michelle C., Pynda, Yaroslav, Hinterleitner, Gerd, Lu, Yao, Morozova, Olga, Xu, Zhuoran, Hirschfeld, Cole B., Cohen, Yosef, Erinne, Ikenna, Malkovskiy, Eli, Randazzo, Michael, Sewanan, Lorenzo, Shetty, Mrinali, Choi, Andrew, Lopez-Mattei, Juan, Parwani, Purvi, Goda, Artan, Shirka, Ervina, Bouyoucef, Salah, Chelghoum, Lydia, Mansouri, Farouk, Medjahedi, Abdelkader, Naili, Qais, Ridouh, Mokhtar, Alasia, Diego, Alberghina, Lucia, Aramayo, Natalia, Buchara, Diego, Busso, Franco Gabriel, Bustos Rivadero, Jose Javier, Camilletti, Jorge, Campanelli, Hugo, Campisi, Roxana, Castro, Ricardo Belisario, Daicz, Mariana, del Riego, Horacio, Dragonetti, Laura, Echazarreta, Diego, Erriest, Juan, Faccio, Fernando, Facello, Adolfo, Gallegos, Hugo, Geronazzo, Ricardo, Glait, Horacio, Hasbani, Victor, Jäger, Victor, Lewkowicz, Julio Manuel, Lotti, Jose, Maciel, Neiva, Masoli, Osvaldo, Mastrovito, Edgardo, Medus, Maria, Merani, Maria Fernanda, Molteni, Susana, Montecinos, Marcos, Parisi, Gustavo, Sueldo, Claudio Pereyra, Perez de Arenaza, Diego, Quintana, Luis, Radzinschi, Alejandro, Redruello, Marcela, Rodríguez, Marina, Rojas, Horacio, Acuña, Arturo Romero, Schere, Daniel, Traverso, Sonia, Vazquez, Gustavo, Zeffiro, Susana, Sakanyan, Mari, Beuzeville, Scott, Boktor, Raef, Crowley, Michael, Downie, D'Arne, Dwivedi, Girish, Elison, Barry, Farouque, Omar, Jasper, Kim, Joshi, Subodh, Lee, Joseph, Lee, Kenneth, Lui, Elaine, Mcconachie, Peter, Meaker, Joanne, Nandurkar, Dee, Neill, Johanne, O'Rourke, Edward, O'Sullivan, Patricia, Pandos, George, Premaratne, Manuja, Prior, David, Rutherford, Natalie, Saunders, Connor, Taubman, Kim, Tauro, Andrew, Taylor, Andrew, Theuerle, James, Thomas, Paul, Tow, Jonathan, Upton, Anthony, Vamadevan, Shankar, Wayne, Victor, Wegner, Eva Alina, Wong, David, Younger, John, Beitzke, Dietrich, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Sommer, Oliver, Weiss, Konrad, Maroz-Vadalazhskaya, Natallia, Tserakhau, Uladzimir, Homans, Filip, Van De Heyning, Caroline M., Araujo, Raúl, Soldat-Stankovic, Valentina, Stankovic, Sinisa, Almeida, Augusto, Anselmi, Carlos, Azevedo, Guilherme S.A., Bittencourt, Marcio Sommer, Pianta, Diego Bromfman, Cabeda, Estevan, Carreira, Lara, Coelho, Igor, de Amorim Fernandes, Fernando, de Lorenzo, Andrea, Delgado, Roberta, Erthal, Fernanda, Fernandes, Fabio, Fernandes, Juliano, Ferreira de Souza, Thiago, Foppa, Murilo, Matos Alves, Wilson Furlan, Gontijo, Cibele, Gottlieb, Ilan, Grossman, Gabriel, Albernaz Siqueira, Maria Helena, Nomura, Cesar Higa, Koga, Katia Hiromoto, Lima, Ronaldo, Lopes, Rafael, Marçal Filho, Hugo Humberto, Masiero, Paulo, Mastrocola, Luiz, Menezes de Siqueira, Maria Eduarda, Mesquita, Claudio, Naves, Danilo, Penna, Filipe, Pinto, Ibraim, Rocha, Thércio, Rocha, Juliana Leal, Rodrigues, Alfredo, Salioni, Leila, Sanches, Adelina, Santos, Marcelo, Da Silva, Leonardo Sara, Schvartzman, Paulo, Matushita, Cristina Sebastião, Senra, Tiago, Silva, Marcelo, Soares, Carlos Eduardo, Spiro, Bernardo, Suaide Silva, Carlos Eduardo, Torres, Rafael, Monte, Guilherme Urpia, Vilela, Andrea, Villa, Alexandre Volney, Vitola, Joao, Voss, Themissa, Waltrick, Roberto, Zapparoli, Marcello, Naseer, Hamid, Garcheva-Tsacheva, Marina, Ouattara, Tiémégna Florence, Thou, Sarameth, Varoeun, Soley, Abikhzer, Gad, Beanlands, Rob, Chetrit, Michael, Dabreo, Dominique, Dennie, Carole, Friedrich, Matthias, Hafez, Mohmmed Nassoh, Hanneman, Kate, Miller, Robert, Oikonomou, Anastasia, Roifman, Idan, Small, Gary, Tandon, Vikas, Trivedi, Adwait, White, James, Zukotynski, Katherine, Alay, Rita, Concha, Carmen, Massardo, Teresa, Abad, Pedro, Anzola, Kelly, Arturo, Harold, Benitez, Luis, Cadena, Alberto, Zamudio, Carlos Caicedo, Calderón, Antonio, Gutierrez Villamil, Claudia T., Jaimes, Claudia, Londono, Juan L., Lopez, Nelson, Merlano-Gaitan, Sonia, Murgieitio-Cabrera, Ramon, Valencia, Manuel, Vergel, Damiana, Santamaria, Alejandro Zuluaga, Solis, Felix, Batinic, Tonci, Franceschi, Maja, Paar, Maja Hrabak, Prpic, Marina, Felipe Batista, Cuba: Juan, Cabrera, Lazaro Omar, Peix, Amalia, Peña, Yamilé, Rochela Vázquez, Luis Manuel, Ntalas, Ioannis, Kaminek, Milan, Kincl, Vladimir, Lang, Otto, Abdulla, Jawdat, Bøttcher, Morten, Busk, Martin, Geisler, Uka, Gormsen, Lars C., Hansson, Nicolaj, Hess, Søren, Hove, Jens, Jensen, Lars Thorbjoern, Jensen, Magnus T., Kragholm, Kristian Hay, Nørgaard, Bjarne L., Øvrehus, Kristian, Rasmussen, Jan, Rønnow Sand, Niels Peter, Sondergaard, Hanne, Zaremba, Tomas, Speckter, Herwin, Amores, Nelson, Velez, Mayra Sanchez, Alrahman, Taghreed Abd, Elsamad, Sherif Abd, Abdelfattah, Alia, Allam, Adel, Elkaffas, Sameh, Hassan, Mona, Hussein, Elshaymaa, Ibrahim, Ahmed, Kandeel, Ahmed, Ali, Mohamed Mandour, Shaaban, Mahmoud, Flores, Camila, Gómez Leiva, Verónica Vanesa, Liiver, Anita, Larikka, Martti, Uusitalo, Valtteri, Agostini, Denis, Berger, Clothilde, Dietz, Matthieu, Hyafil, Fabien, Ohana, Mickaël, Prigent, Kevin, Regaieg, Hamza, Sarda-Mantel, Laure, H-Ici, Darach O., Ayetey, Harold, Angelidis, George, Fragkaki, Christina, Fragkiadaki, Chrysoula, Georgoulias, Panagiotis, Koutelou, Maria, Kyrozi, Elena, Lama, Niki, Prassopoulos, Vassilis, Spartalis, Michael, Zaglavara, Theodora, Gonzalez, Carla, Gutierrez, Goleat, Maldonado, Alejandro, Martinez, Yassine, Kovács, Attila, Szilveszter, Bálint, Banthia, Nilesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatia, Mona, Choudhury, Partha, Chowdekar, Vijay Sai, Christopher, Johann, Garg, Tushar, Goyal, Naresh Kumar, Gupta, Ripen Kumar, Gupta, Abhishek, Hephzibah, Julie, Jain, Shashank, Krupa, Jesu, Kumar, Parveen, Kumar, Sukriti, Lalchandani, Arati, Mishra, Animesh, Mishra, Vivaswan Dutt, Mohan, Parul, Ozair, Ahmad, Pandey, Shivani, Parameswaran, Ramanathapuram, Patel, Chetan, Patel, Tapan, Patel, Shivani, Vimala, Leena Robinson, Kumar Sarangi, Dr Pradosh, Sengupta, Shantanu, Sethi, Arvind, Sharma, Amit, Sharma, Awadhesh Kumar, Sharma, Punit, Shrigiriwar, Apurva, Singh, Santosh, Singh, Harpreet, Sood, Ashwani, Verma, Atul, Vyas, Ajay, Soeriadi, Erwin Affandi, Bun, Edison, Hutomo, Febby, Syawaluddin, Hilman, Yudistiro, Ryan, Albadr, Amjed, Assadi, Majid, Emami, Farshad, Emami-Ardekani, Alireza, Farzanehfar, Saeed, Jafari, Ramezan, Manafi-Farid, Reyhaneh, Tajik, Maryam, Arnson, Yoav, Fuchs, Shmuel, Goldkorn, Ronen, Kennedy, John, Leitman, Marina, Shalev, Aryeh, Acampa, Wanda, Albano, Domenico, Alongi, Pierpaolo, Arnone, Gaspare, Assante, Roberta, Baritussio, Anna, Bauckneht, Matteo, Bianco, Francesco, Bonfiglioli, Rachele, Bovenzi, Francesco, Bruno, Isabella, Bruno, Andrea, Busnardo, Elena, Califaretti, Elena, Casoni, Roberta, Censullo, Vittorio, Chierichetti, Franca, Chiocchi, Marcello, Cittanti, Corrado, Clemente, Alberto, Cuocolo, Alberto, De Rimini, Maria Luisa, De Vincentis, Giuseppe, Della Tommasina, Veronica, Dellegrottaglie, Santo, Erba, Paola Anna, Evangelista, Laura, Faggi, Lara, Faragasso, Evelina, Florimonte, Luigia, Frantellizzi, Viviana, Gatti, Marco, Gaudiano, Angela, Gelardi, Fabrizia, Gerali, Alberto, Gimelli, Alessia, Guglielmo, Marco, Leccisotti, Lucia, Liga, Riccardo, Liguori, Carlo, Longo, Giampiero, Maffione, Margherita, Marcassa, Claudio, Matassa, Giovanni, Mele, Donato, Milan, Elisa, Mircoli, Luca, Paccagnella, Andrea, Pacella, Sara, Padovano, Federica, Pellegrini, Dario, Pergola, Valeria, Pugliese, Luca, Quartuccio, Natale, Rampin, Lucia, Ricci, Fabrizio, Rubini, Giuseppe, Russo, Vincenzo, Sambuceti, Gianmario, Scatteia, Alessandra, Sciagrà, Roberto, Spidalieri, Gianluca, Stefanelli, Antonella, Tedeschi, Carlo, Ventroni, Guido, Baugh, Dainia, Madu, Ernest, Aikawa, Tadao, Asano, Hiroshi, Fujimoto, Shinichiro, Fujise, Koichiro, Fukushima, Yoshimitsu, Fukuyama, Kae, Ichikawa, Yasutaka, Ideguchi, Reiko, Iguchi, Nobuo, Imai, Masamichi, Ishimura, Hayato, Isobe, Satoshi, Ito, Kimiteru, Izawa, Yu, Kadokami, Toshiaki, Kasai, Tokuo, Kato, Takao, Kawamoto, Takashi, Kiryu, Shigeru, Kumita, Shinichiro, Manabe, Osamu, Maruno, Hirotaka, Matsumoto, Naoya, Miyagawa, Masao, Moroi, Masao, Nagamachi, Shigeki, Nakajima, Kenichi, Nakazato, Ryo, Nanasato, Mamoru, Naya, Masanao, Norikane, Takashi, Ohta, Yasutoshi, Otomi, Yoichi, Otsuka, Hideki, Oyama-Manabe, Noriko, Saito, Masaki, Sarai, Masayoshi, Sato, Junichi, Sato, Daisuke, Shiraishi, Shinya, Takanami, Kentaro, Takehana, Kazuya, Taniguchi, Yasuyo, Teragawa, Hiroki, Tomizawa, Nobuo, Umeji, Kyoko, Wakabayashi, Yasushi, Yamada, Shinichiro, Yamazaki, Shinya, Yoneyama, Tatsuya, Rawashdeh, Mohammad, Dautov, Tairkhan, Makhdomi, Khalid, Abass, Mostafa, Garashi, Masoud, Siraj, Qaisar, Kalnina, Marika, Haidar, Mohamad, Komiagiene, Renata, Kviecinskiene, Giedre, Vajauskas, Donatas, Karim, Noor Khairiah A., Doucoure, Mady, Reichmuth, Luise, Samuel, Anthony, Dieng, Mohamed Lemine, Naojee, Ambedhkar Shantaram, Hernandez, Estrella Aguilera, Alducin Tellez, Cesar Rene, Alexánderson-Rosas, Erick, Barragan, Erika, Cabada, Manuel, Calderón, Daniel, Carvajal-Juarez, Isabel, Esparza, José, Gama-Moreno, Manlio Gerardo, Quinto, Virginia Garcia, Gonzalez, Nelsy Coromoto, Herrera-Zarza, Mary Carmen, Meave, Aloha, Medina Verdugo, Jesus Gregorio, Melendez, Gabriela, Morales Murguia, Rafael Humberto, Navarro Quiroz, Carlos Salvador, Ornelas, Mario, Preciado-Anaya, Andres, Preciado-Gutiérrez, Oscar Ulises, Puente, Adriana, Salazar, Aristóteles Ramírez, Rosales Uvera, Sandra Graciela, Rosales-Uvera, Sandra, Serna Macias, Jose Antonio, Sierra-Galan, Lilia, Sierra-Galan, Lilia M., Tirado Alderete, Juan Carlos, Vallejo, Enrique, Faraggi, Marc, Sereegotov, Erdenechimeg, Ben Rais, Nouzha, Alaoui, Nadia Ismaili, Kyiphyu, Thiri, Oo, Su Thet, Win, Soe Myat, Zar, Htin, Ghimire, Ram, Neupane, Madhu, Glaudemans, Andor, Slart, Riemer, Verschure, Derk, Allen, Berry, Edmond, John, Mckenzie, Clare, Tie, Stuart, Van Pelt, Niels, Worthington, Kirsten, Young, Calum, Soli, Idrissa Adamou, Kana, Shehu, Onubogu, Uchenna, Sani, Mahmoud, Bråten, Anders Tjellaug, Jørgensen, Arve, Vassbotn, Hanne-Elin, Al Dhuhli, Humoud, Jawa, Zabah, Tag, Naima, Fatima, Shazia, Imran, Muhammad Babar, Younis, Muhammad Numair, Saadullah, Mohammad, Malo, Yariela Herrera, Lenturut-Katal, Dora, Castillo, Manuel, Ortellado, José, Akhter, Afroza, Cader, F. Aaysha, Hussain, Raihan, Khan, Saidur Rahman, Mandal, Tapati, Nasreen, Faria, An, Yunqiang, Cao, Dianbo, Gong, Lianggeng, Hou, Yang, Jia, Chongfu, Li, Tao, Li, Caiying, Liu, Hui, Liu, Wenya, Liu, Jinkang, Lu, Bin, Ng, Ming-Yen, Shi, Heshui, Tang, Chunxiang, Wang, Ximing, Wang, Zhaoqian, Wang, Yining, Wu, Jiang, Yi, Yan, Yuan, Li, Zhang, Tong, Zhang, Longjiang, Chavez, Edith, Cruz, Carlos, Llontop, Christian, Morales, Rosanna, Abrihan, Paz, Bustos-Barroso, Asela, Duldulao-Ogbac, Michele, Eduarte, Christopher, Obaldo, Jerry, Quinon, Alvin, San Juan, Belinda, San Juan, Carlo Joe, Sauler-Gomez, Marie Rhiamar, Uy, Mila, Kostkiewicz, Magdalena, Kunikowska, Jolanta, Teresinska, Anna, Urbanik, Tomasz, Bettencourt, Nuno, Fontes-Carvalho, Ricardo, Gavina, Cristina, Gonçalves, Lino, Macedo, Filipe, Moreno, Nuno, Sousa, Carla, Timoteo, Ana Teresa, Vidigal, Maria João, Al Heidous, Mahmoud, Ramanathan, Subramaniyan, Arnous, Samer, Aytani, Said, Byrne, Angela, Gleeson, Tadhg, Kerins, David, O'Brien, Julie, Bang, Ji-In, Bom, Henry, Cheon, Miju, Cheon, Gi Jeong, Cho, Sang-Geon, Hong, Chae Moon, Jeong, Yong Hyu, Kang, Won Jun, Kang, Yeon-Koo, Kim, Ji-Young, Oh, So Won, So, Young, Song, Ho-Chun, Won, Kyoung Sook, Yoo, Soo Woong, Mitevska, Irena, Vavlukis, Marija, Salobir, Barbara Gužic, Štalc, Monika, Benedek, Theodora, Pop, Marian, Stan, Claudiu, Ansheles, Alexey, Dariy, Olga, Gagarina, Nina, Itskovich, Irina, Karalkin, Anatoliy, Kokov, Alexander, Marina, Gulya, Migunova, Ekaterina, Pospelov, Viktor, Ryzhkova, Daria, Sayfullina, Guzaliya, Sergienko, Vladimir, Shurupova, Irina, Sinitsyn, Valentin, Vakhromeeva, Margarita, Valiullina, Nailia, Zavadovsky, Konstantin, Zhuravlev, Kirill, Abazid, Rami, Al Garni, Turki, Alasnag, Mirvat, Aljizeeri, Ahmed, Amer, Hamid, Amro, Ahmad, Hamdy, Hesham, Smettei, Osama, Saranovic, Dragana Sobic, Vlajkovic, Marina, Keng, Felix, See, Jason, Berecova, Zuzana, Mistinova, Jana Polakova, Evbuomwan, Osayande, Govender, Nerisha, Hack, Jonathan, Hadebe, Bawinile, Hlongwa, Khanyisile, Kaplan, Mitchell, Lakhi, Hoosen, Milos, Katarina, Modiselle, Moshe, More, Stuart, Muambadzi, Ntanganedzeni, Scholtz, Leonie, Barreiro-Perez, Manuel, Blanco, Isabel, Broncano, Jordi, Camarero, Alicia, Casáns-Tormo, Irene, De Haro, Javier, Flotats, Albert, García, Elia, Mendiguchia, Ceferino Gutierrez, Jimenez-Heffernan, Amelia, Leta, Ruben, Diaz, Javier Lopez, Vega, Luis Lumbreras, Manovel-Sánchez, Ana, Monzonis, Amparo Martinez, Patrut, Bianca, Pubul, Virginia, Perez, Ricardo Ruano, Zeidan, Nahla, Nanayakkara, Damayanthi, Suliman, Ahmed, Engblom, Henrik, Murtadha, Mustafa, Ostenfeld, Ellen, Simonsson, Magnus, Alkadhi, Hatem, Buechel, Ronny Ralf, Burger, Peter, Gräni, Christoph, Kamani, Christel, Kawel-Böhm, Nadine, Klaeser, Bernd, Manka, Robert, Prior, John, Kaewchur, Tawika, Khiewvan, Benjapa, Kositwattanarerk, Arpakorn, Namwongprom, Sirianong, Thientunyakit, Tanyaluck, Sayman, Haluk Burcak, Yüksel, Mahmut, Sebikali, Mugisha Julius, Okello, Emmy, Korol, Pavlo, Noverko, Iryna, Satyr, Maryna, Ahmad, Tahir, Alfakih, Khaled, Andrade, Ivo, Buckingham, Susan, Bularga, Anda, Carpenter, John-Paul, Cole, Graham, Cusack, David, David, Sarojini, Davis, Patrick, Fairbairn, Timothy, Ghosh, Arjun, Ramkumar, Prasad Guntur, Hamilton, Mark, Haque, Faisal, Hudson, Benjamin, Johnstone, Annette, Karthikeyan, V.J., Kay, Mike, Khan, Mohammad Ali, Kitt, Jamie, Low, Chen Sheng, Mcalindon, Elisa, Mccreavy, David, Morrissey, Brian, Motwani, Manish, Na, Dilip, Nicol, Edward, Patel, Dilip, Rodrigues, Jonathan, Rofe, Chris, Schofield, Rebecca, Semple, Thomas, Sheikh, Azeem, Sinha, Apurva, Subedi, Deepak, Topping, William, Tweed, Katherine, Underwood, Stephen Richard, Weir-Mccall, Jonathan, Zuhairy, Hamed, Abbasi, Taimur, Abohashem, Shady, Abramson, Sandra, Al-Mallah, Mouaz, Kumar, Mohan Ashok, Balmer-Swain, Mallory, Berman, Daniel, Bernheim, Adam, Bhatti, Sabha, Biederman, Robert, Bieging, Erik, Bingham, Scott, Bloom, Stephen, Blue, Sean, Borges, Andressa, Branch, Kelley, Bravo, Paco, Buddhe, Sujatha, Budoff, Matthew, Bullock-Palmer, Renée, Cahill, Michael, Candela, Candace, Cao, Jane, Chatterjee, Saurav, Chatzizisis, Yiannis, Chaudhuri, Nita Ray, Cheezum, Michael, Chelliah, Anjali, Chen, Tiffany, Chen, Marcus, Chen, Lu, Chokshi, Aalap, Chung, Jina, Danciu, Sorin, DeSisto, William, Dilorenzo, Michael, Doukky, Rami, Duvall, William, Ferencik, Maros, Foster, Cameron, Fuisz, Anthon, Gannon, Michael, German, David, Gerson, Myron, Geske, Jeffrey, Hage, Fadi, Haider, Agha, Haider, Sofia, Hamirani, Yasmin, Hassen, Karen, Hendel, Robert, Henkel, Jacqueline, Horgan, Stephen, Hyun, Mark, Janardhanan, Rajesh, Jerome, Scott, Kalra, Dinesh, Kassop, David, Kinkhabwala, Mona, Kinzfogl, George, Koch, Bernard, Koweek, Lynne, Krepp, Joseph, Kwon, Younghoon, Layer, Jay, Lesser, John, Leung, Steve, Lisske, Bernadette, Magurany, Kathleen, Markowitz, Jeremy, Mccullough, Brenda, Moalemi, Azita, Moffitt, Chanan, Montanez, Juan, Moore, Warren, Morayati, Shamil, Mossa-Basha, Mahmud, Mrsic, Zorana, Murthy, Venkatesh, Nagpal, Prashant, Nelson, Katarina, Nijjar, Prabhjot, O’Quinn, Rupal, Passen, Edward, Patel, Toral, Patil, Pravin, Pursnani, Amit, Quachang, Nancy, Rabbat, Mark, Ranjan, Pragya, Lozano, Patricia Rodriguez, Schemmer, Mary, Seifried, Rebecca, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Amee, Shanbhag, Sujata, Sharma, Gaurav, Skotnicki, Robert, Sobczak, Michael, Soman, Prem, Sorrell, Vincent, Srichai, Monvadi, Streeter, Jim, Strickland, Leah, Suliman, Suliman, Tebyanian, Naghmeh, Thomas, Dustin, Thompson, Randall, Uretsky, Seth, Vallurupalli, Srikanth, Vandyck-Acquah, Marian, Verma, Vikas, Villines, Todd, Weinstein, Joseph, Wolinsky, David, Zareba, Karolina, Zgaljardic, Michael, Beretta, Mario, Ferrando, Rodolfo, Kapitan, Miguel, Mut, Fernando, Djuraev, Omoa, Rozikhodjaeva, Gulnora, Vera, Luisa, Duc, Binh Duong, Nguyen, Xuan Canh, Hiep Nguyen, Phuoc Minh, Hirschfeld, Cole, Choi, Andrew D., Ansheles, Alexey A., Kudo, Takashi, Bucciarelli-Ducci, Chiara, Nørgaard, Bjarne Linde, Maurovich-Horvat, Pál, Louw, Lizette, Allam, Adel H., and Narula, Jagat

Published
2022
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46. Exploring Social Interactions in the Context of Justice System Involvement: Perspectives of Patients and Psychiatric Nurses.

Author

Paradis-Gagné, Etienne, Cader, Myriam, Holmes, Dave, Bernheim, Emmanuelle, and Filion, Janie

Subjects
RESEARCH funding, QUALITATIVE research, INTERVIEWING, STATISTICAL sampling, HOSPITAL emergency services, PSYCHIATRIC nurses, THEMATIC analysis, NURSES' attitudes, RESEARCH methodology, INTENSIVE care units, INTERPERSONAL relations, CRIMINAL justice system, THERAPEUTIC alliance, GROUNDED theory, PSYCHIATRIC hospitals, PATIENTS' attitudes
Abstract

Psychiatric nurses who work with people who are involved with the justice system experience ethical and moral tension arising from their dual role (care and control). This is known to significantly affect the development of a therapeutic relationship between nurses and patients. (a) better understand how justice system involvement affects people living with mental disorders and the nurses who work with them; (b) explore the influence of judiciarization on social interactions between these actors. Grounded theory (GT) was used as the qualitative methodology for this research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants. The study was carried out in three different units of a psychiatric institution: Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Department, and Brief Intervention Unit. A sample of 10 patients and 9 psychiatric nurses was recruited (n = 19). Theoretical sampling was used to recruit participants. We followed the iterative steps of qualitative GT analysis (open coding, axial coding, constant comparison, and modelization). Three main themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (a) Experience of Justice System Involvement, (b) Crisis, (c) Relational Aspects and Importance of the Approach. These results will inform nurses and healthcare providers about the impacts of justice system involvement on people living with mental illness and how clinical practices can be better adapted to this population with complex health needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. The Triumph of the 'Therapeutic' in Quebec Courts: Mental Health, Behavioural Reform and the Decline of Rights

Author

Emmanuelle Bernheim

Subjects
Law, Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence, K1-7720
Abstract

In the Canadian province of Quebec, the role of the courts is crucial in civil, criminal or administrative proceedings concerning mental health: the courts must ensure both public safety and the protection of the rights of defendants. Therapeutic-jurisprudence theory has had a major influence on mental-health court practice over the past 30 years. According to that theory, the court system must take into account the therapeutic effects of the law and the judicial process to promote adherence to treatment by defendants. The empirical analysis of judicial practices in Quebec shows that courts have been the main actors in the decline of rights in mental health. Therapeutic justice has been dominated by discriminatory, controlling and reformist tendencies. These include the trivialization of concerns about the judicialization of groups living in precarious conditions, inconsistent and lifestyle-oriented legal arguments, and treatment-related judicial decisions.

Published
2022
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