4,815 results on '"Bernasconi P"'
Search Results
2. A counterexample to the log canonical Beauville--Bogomolov decomposition
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Bernasconi, Fabio, Filipazzi, Stefano, Patakfalvi, Zsolt, and Tsakanikas, Nikolaos
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Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry ,Mathematics - Differential Geometry - Abstract
For every $d \geq 4$, we construct a $d$-dimensional, log canonical, $K$-trivial variety with the property that two general fibers of its Albanese morphism are not birational. This provides a strong counterexample to the Beauville--Bogomolov decomposition in the log canonical setting. This construction can also be adapted to construct a smooth quasi-projective variety of logarithmic Kodaira dimension 0 whose quasi-Albanese morphism has maximal variation. On the positive side, we show that the Albanese morphism for log canonical pairs with nef anti-canonical class is a locally stable family of pairs., Comment: 22 pages, comments are welcome!
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- 2024
3. High Precision Microscale 3D Manufacturing of Ultra Low Expansion Glass by Femtosecond Selective Laser Etching
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Casamenti, Enrico, Bruno, Alessandro, Bernasconi, Pietro, and Lovera, Andrea
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Physics - Optics ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
Due to its exceptional dimensional stability in harsh thermal conditions and excellent mechanical and optical properties, Corning ultra-low expansion (ULE) glass is the material of choice in many high-demanding fields such as aerospace, astronomy, and advanced optics. This material has recently attracted renewed attention with the advent of femtosecond laser technology, with a particular focus on the interaction of ultrafast pulses and the material itself. Phenomena like the formation of self-assembled nanogratings and their thermal stability as well as the darkening of laser-affected zones have then been characterized. This paper presents how to exploit femtosecond selective laser etching (SLE) techniques to manufacture truly three-dimensional (3D) components. To demonstrate the micron-scale accuracy and repeatability of this process from the mm- to the cm-size range, various devices are designed and fabricated: fiber hole arrays with different hole densities, sizes, orientations, and shapes; and fiber V-groove arrays. Additionally, a mechanical flexural fiber mount is presented as an example of how multiple functionalities can be monolithically integrated into a single piece of glass through SLE technology. An example of a passive alignment substrate for optical components is also shown. SLE technique represents a new advancement in the field of microscale manufacturing, enabling the scalable production of custom-designed ULE glass structures with unprecedented precision and complexity, paving the way for the miniaturized integration of highly stable components., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, ICALEO conference 2024
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- 2024
4. MINE GRAPH RULE: A New Cypher-like Operator for Mining Association Rules on Property Graphs
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Cambria, Francesco, Invernici, Francesco, Bernasconi, Anna, and Ceri, Stefano
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Computer Science - Databases - Abstract
Mining information from graph databases is becoming overly important. To approach this problem, current methods focus on identifying subgraphs with specific topologies; as of today, no work has been focused on expressing jointly the syntax and semantics of mining operations over rich property graphs. We define MINE GRAPH RULE, a new operator for mining association rules from graph databases, by extending classical approaches used in relational databases and exploited by recommending systems. We describe the syntax and semantics of the operator, which is based on measuring the support and confidence of each rule, and then we provide several examples of increasing complexity on top of a realistic example; our operator embeds Cypher for expressing the mining conditions. MINE GRAPH RULE is implemented on top of Neo4j, the most successful graph database system; it takes advantage of built-in optimizations of the Neo4j engine, as well as optimizations that are defined in the context of relational association rules. Our implementation is available as a portable Neo4j plugin. At the end of our paper, we show the execution performance in a variety of settings, by varying the operators, the size of the graph, the ratio between node types, the method for creating relationships, and maximum support and confidence.
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- 2024
5. Inter-pixel cross-talk as background to two-photon interference effects in SPAD arrays
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Kulkov, Sergei, Potuckova, Tereza, Bernasconi, Ermanno, Bruschini, Claudio, Milanese, Tommaso, Charbon, Edoardo, Shawkat, Mst Shamim Ara, Nomerotski, Andrei, and Svihra, Peter
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Quantum Physics ,Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
Cross-talk is a well-known feature of single-photon avalanche detectors. It is especially important to account for this effect in applications involving coincidences of two or more photons registered by the sensor since in this case the cross-talk may mimic the useful signal. In this work, we characterize the cross-talk of the LinoSPAD2 detector, as well as perform joint measurements of the cross-talk and Hanbury Brown - Twiss two-photon interference, comparing and cross-calibrating both effects. With a median dark count rate of 125 cps/pixel, we report the average cross-talk probability of $0.22~\%$ for the nearest neighbor and also observe a long-range cross-talk of the order $2 \cdot 10^{-5}~\%$ for channels separated by up to 20 pixels., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures. Updated with references
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- 2024
6. Modelling Legislative Systems into Property Graphs to Enable Advanced Pattern Detection
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Colombo, Andrea, Bernasconi, Anna, and Ceri, Stefano
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Computer Science - Databases - Abstract
Legislative systems face growing complexity due to the ever-increasing number of laws and intricate interdependencies between them. Traditional methods of storing and analyzing legal systems, mainly based on RDF, struggle with this complexity, hindering efficient knowledge discovery, as required by domain experts. In this paper, we propose to model legislation into a property graph, where edges represent citations, modifications, and abrogations between laws and their articles or attachments, both represented as nodes and edges with properties. As a practical use case, we implement the model in the Italian legislative system. First, we describe our approach to extracting knowledge from legal texts. To this aim, we leverage the recently internationally adopted XML law standard, Akoma Ntoso, to parse and identify entities, relationships and properties. Next, we describe the model and the schema implemented using Neo4j, the market-leading graph database management system. The schema is designed to capture the structure and hierarchy of laws, together with their interdependencies. We show how such a property graph enables an efficient answer to complex and relevant queries previously impractical on raw text. By leveraging other implementations of the Akoma Ntoso standard and the proposed property graph approach, we are confident that this work will facilitate a comprehensive comparison of legislative systems and their complexities.
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- 2024
7. Multifrequency-resolved Hanbury Brown-Twiss Effect
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Ferrantini, Joseph, Crawford, Jesse, Kulkov, Sergei, Jirsa, Jakub, Mueninghoff, Aaron, Lawrence, Lucas, Vintskevich, Stephen, Milanese, Tommaso, Burri, Samuel, Bernasconi, Ermanno, Bruschini, Claudio, Marcisovsky, Michal, Svihra, Peter, Nomerotski, Andrei, Stankus, Paul, Charbon, Edoardo, and Abrahao, Raphael A.
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Physics - Optics ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
The Hanbury Brown-Twiss (HBT) effect holds a pivotal place in intensity interferometry and gave a seminal contribution to the development of quantum optics. To observe such an effect, both good spectral and timing resolutions are necessary. Most often, the HBT effect is observed for a single frequency at a time, due to limitations in dealing with multifrequencies simultaneously, halting and limiting some applications. Here, we report a fast and data-driven spectrometer built with a one-dimensional array of single-photon-sensitive avalanche diodes. We report observing the HBT effect for multifrequencies at the same time. Specifically, we observed the HBT for up to 5 lines of the Ne spectrum, but this can be improved even further. Our work represents a major step to make spectral binning and multifrequencies HBT more widely available. The technology we present can benefit both classical and quantum applications.
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- 2024
8. Feature-Based Online Bilateral Trade
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Gaucher, Solenne, Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, Celli, Andrea, and Perchet, Vianney
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory - Abstract
Bilateral trade models the problem of facilitating trades between a seller and a buyer having private valuations for the item being sold. In the online version of the problem, the learner faces a new seller and buyer at each time step, and has to post a price for each of the two parties without any knowledge of their valuations. We consider a scenario where, at each time step, before posting prices the learner observes a context vector containing information about the features of the item for sale. The valuations of both the seller and the buyer follow an unknown linear function of the context. In this setting, the learner could leverage previous transactions in an attempt to estimate private valuations. We characterize the regret regimes of different settings, taking as a baseline the best context-dependent prices in hindsight. First, in the setting in which the learner has two-bit feedback and strong budget balance constraints, we propose an algorithm with $O(\log T)$ regret. Then, we study the same set-up with noisy valuations, providing a tight $\widetilde O(T^{\frac23})$ regret upper bound. Finally, we show that loosening budget balance constraints allows the learner to operate under more restrictive feedback. Specifically, we show how to address the one-bit, global budget balance setting through a reduction from the two-bit, strong budget balance setup. This established a fundamental trade-off between the quality of the feedback and the strictness of the budget constraints.
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- 2024
9. Beyond Primal-Dual Methods in Bandits with Stochastic and Adversarial Constraints
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, Celli, Andrea, and Fusco, Federico
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Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
We address a generalization of the bandit with knapsacks problem, where a learner aims to maximize rewards while satisfying an arbitrary set of long-term constraints. Our goal is to design best-of-both-worlds algorithms that perform optimally under both stochastic and adversarial constraints. Previous works address this problem via primal-dual methods, and require some stringent assumptions, namely the Slater's condition, and in adversarial settings, they either assume knowledge of a lower bound on the Slater's parameter, or impose strong requirements on the primal and dual regret minimizers such as requiring weak adaptivity. We propose an alternative and more natural approach based on optimistic estimations of the constraints. Surprisingly, we show that estimating the constraints with an UCB-like approach guarantees optimal performances. Our algorithm consists of two main components: (i) a regret minimizer working on \emph{moving strategy sets} and (ii) an estimate of the feasible set as an optimistic weighted empirical mean of previous samples. The key challenge in this approach is designing adaptive weights that meet the different requirements for stochastic and adversarial constraints. Our algorithm is significantly simpler than previous approaches, and has a cleaner analysis. Moreover, ours is the first best-of-both-worlds algorithm providing bounds logarithmic in the number of constraints. Additionally, in stochastic settings, it provides $\widetilde O(\sqrt{T})$ regret \emph{without} Slater's condition.
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- 2024
10. No-Regret is not enough! Bandits with General Constraints through Adaptive Regret Minimization
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, and Celli, Andrea
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
In the bandits with knapsacks framework (BwK) the learner has $m$ resource-consumption (packing) constraints. We focus on the generalization of BwK in which the learner has a set of general long-term constraints. The goal of the learner is to maximize their cumulative reward, while at the same time achieving small cumulative constraints violations. In this scenario, there exist simple instances where conventional methods for BwK fail to yield sublinear violations of constraints. We show that it is possible to circumvent this issue by requiring the primal and dual algorithm to be weakly adaptive. Indeed, even in absence on any information on the Slater's parameter $\rho$ characterizing the problem, the interplay between weakly adaptive primal and dual regret minimizers yields a "self-bounding" property of dual variables. In particular, their norm remains suitably upper bounded across the entire time horizon even without explicit projection steps. By exploiting this property, we provide best-of-both-worlds guarantees for stochastic and adversarial inputs. In the first case, we show that the algorithm guarantees sublinear regret. In the latter case, we establish a tight competitive ratio of $\rho/(1+\rho)$. In both settings, constraints violations are guaranteed to be sublinear in time. Finally, this results allow us to obtain new result for the problem of contextual bandits with linear constraints, providing the first no-$\alpha$-regret guarantees for adversarial contexts.
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- 2024
11. Unveiling the crystallization kinetics in Ge-rich Ge$_x$Te alloys by large scale simulations with a machine-learned interatomic potential
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Baratella, Dario, Kheir, Omar Abou El, and Bernasconi, Marco
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks - Abstract
A machine-learned interatomic potential for Ge-rich Ge$_x$Te alloys has been developed aiming at uncovering the kinetics of phase separation and crystallization in these materials. The results are of interest for the operation of embedded phase change memories which exploits Ge-enrichment of GeSbTe alloys to raise the crystallization temperature. The potential is generated by fitting a large database of energies and forces computed within Density Functional Theory with the neural network scheme implemented in the DeePMD-kit package. The potential is highly accurate and suitable to describe the structural and dynamical properties of the liquid, amorphous and crystalline phases of the wide range of compositions from pure Ge and stoichiometric GeTe to the Ge-rich Ge$_2$Te alloy. Large scale molecular dynamics simulations revealed a crystallization mechanism which depends on temperature. At 600 K, segregation of most of Ge in excess occurs on the ns time scale followed by crystallization of nearly stoichiometric GeTe regions. At 500 K, nucleation of crystalline GeTe occurs before phase separation, followed by a slow crystal growth due to the concurrent expulsion of Ge in excess.
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- 2024
12. Explicit Sarkisov program for regular surfaces over arbitrary fields and applications
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Bernasconi, Fabio, Fanelli, Andrea, Schneider, Julia, and Zimmermann, Susanna
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Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry ,14E07, 14E30, 14L99 - Abstract
We prove the Sarkisov program for projective surfaces over excellent base rings, including the case of non-perfect base fields of characteristic p>0. We classify the Sarkisov links between Mori fibre spaces and their relations for regular surfaces, generalising work of Iskovskikh. As an application, we discuss rationality problems for regular surfaces and the structure of the plane Cremona group., Comment: 64 pages
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- 2024
13. Towards learning-based planning:The nuPlan benchmark for real-world autonomous driving
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Karnchanachari, Napat, Geromichalos, Dimitris, Tan, Kok Seang, Li, Nanxiang, Eriksen, Christopher, Yaghoubi, Shakiba, Mehdipour, Noushin, Bernasconi, Gianmarco, Fong, Whye Kit, Guo, Yiluan, and Caesar, Holger
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Robotics - Abstract
Machine Learning (ML) has replaced traditional handcrafted methods for perception and prediction in autonomous vehicles. Yet for the equally important planning task, the adoption of ML-based techniques is slow. We present nuPlan, the world's first real-world autonomous driving dataset, and benchmark. The benchmark is designed to test the ability of ML-based planners to handle diverse driving situations and to make safe and efficient decisions. To that end, we introduce a new large-scale dataset that consists of 1282 hours of diverse driving scenarios from 4 cities (Las Vegas, Boston, Pittsburgh, and Singapore) and includes high-quality auto-labeled object tracks and traffic light data. We exhaustively mine and taxonomize common and rare driving scenarios which are used during evaluation to get fine-grained insights into the performance and characteristics of a planner. Beyond the dataset, we provide a simulation and evaluation framework that enables a planner's actions to be simulated in closed-loop to account for interactions with other traffic participants. We present a detailed analysis of numerous baselines and investigate gaps between ML-based and traditional methods. Find the nuPlan dataset and code at nuplan.org., Comment: ICRA 2024 camera ready incl. supplementary material
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- 2024
14. Quantum Subroutine for Variance Estimation: Algorithmic Design and Applications
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Bernasconi, Anna, Berti, Alessandro, Del Corso, Gianna M., Guidotti, Riccardo, and Poggiali, Alessandro
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Quantum computing sets the foundation for new ways of designing algorithms, thanks to the peculiar properties inherited by quantum mechanics. The exploration of this new paradigm faces new challenges concerning which field quantum speedup can be achieved. Towards finding solutions, looking for the design of quantum subroutines that are more efficient than their classical counterpart poses solid pillars to new powerful quantum algorithms. Herewith, we delve into a grounding subroutine, the computation of the variance, whose usefulness spaces across different fields of application, particularly the Artificial Intelligence (AI) one. Indeed, the finding of the quantum counterpart of these building blocks impacts vertically those algorithms that leverage this metric. In this work, we propose QVAR, a quantum subroutine, to compute the variance that exhibits a logarithmic complexity both in the circuit depth and width, excluding the state preparation cost. With the vision of showing the use of QVAR as a subroutine for new quantum algorithms, we tackle two tasks from the AI domain: Feature Selection and Outlier Detection. In particular, we showcase two AI hybrid quantum algorithms that leverage QVAR: the Hybrid Quantum Feature Selection (HQFS) algorithm and the Quantum Outlier Detection Algorithm (QODA). In this manuscript, we describe the implementation of QVAR, HQFS, and QODA, providing their correctness and complexities and showing the effectiveness of these hybrid quantum algorithms with respect to their classical counterpart.
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- 2024
15. Agent-Designed Contracts: How to Sell Hidden Actions
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, and Celli, Andrea
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory - Abstract
We study the problem faced by a service provider that has to sell services to a user. In our model the service provider proposes various payment options (a menu) to the user which may be based, for example, on the quality of the service. Then, the user chooses one of these options and pays an amount to the service provider, contingent on the observed final outcome. Users are not able to observe directly the action performed by the service provide to reach the final outcome. This might incentivize misconduct. Therefore, we propose a model that enforces trust through economics incentives. The problem has two crucial features: i) the service provider is responsible for both formulating the contract and performing the action for which the user issues payments, and ii) the user is unaware of the true action carried out by the service provider, which is hidden. We study this delegation problem through the lens of contract design, with the overarching goal of enabling the computation of contracts that guarantee that the user can trust the service provider, even if their action is hidden.
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- 2024
16. Multi-Agent Contract Design beyond Binary Actions
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Cacciamani, Federico, Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, and Gatti, Nicola
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory - Abstract
We study hidden-action principal-agent problems with multiple agents. Unlike previous work, we consider a general setting in which each agent has an arbitrary number of actions, and the joint action induces outcomes according to an arbitrary distribution. We study two classes of mechanisms: a class of deterministic mechanisms that is the natural extension of single-agent contracts, in which the agents play a Nash equilibrium of the game induced by the contract, and a class of randomized mechanisms that is inspired by single-agent randomized contracts and correlated equilibria.
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- 2024
17. Regret-Minimizing Contracts: Agency Under Uncertainty
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, and Marchesi, Alberto
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory - Abstract
We study the fundamental problem of designing contracts in principal-agent problems under uncertainty. Previous works mostly addressed Bayesian settings in which principal's uncertainty is modeled as a probability distribution over agent's types. In this paper, we study a setting in which the principal has no distributional information about agent's type. In particular, in our setting, the principal only knows some uncertainty set defining possible agent's action costs. Thus, the principal takes a robust (adversarial) approach by trying to design contracts which minimize the (additive) regret: the maximum difference between what the principal could have obtained had them known agent's costs and what they actually get under the selected contract.
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- 2024
18. In vivo single-cell CRISPR uncovers distinct TNF programmes in tumour evolution
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Renz, Peter F., Ghoshdastider, Umesh, Baghai Sain, Simona, Valdivia-Francia, Fabiola, Khandekar, Ameya, Ormiston, Mark, Bernasconi, Martino, Duré, Clara, Kretz, Jonas A., Lee, Minkyoung, Hyams, Katie, Forny, Merima, Pohly, Marcel, Ficht, Xenia, Ellis, Stephanie J., Moor, Andreas E., and Sendoel, Ataman
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- 2024
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19. Bloodstream infections due to multi-drug resistant bacteria in the emergency department: prevalence, risk factors and outcomes—a retrospective observational study
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Capsoni, Nicolò, Azin, Giulia Maria, Scarnera, Marida, Bettina, Marco, Breviario, Riccardo, Ferrari, Laura, Ferrari, Camilla, Privitera, Daniele, Vismara, Chiara, Bielli, Alessandra, Galbiati, Filippo, Bernasconi, Davide Paolo, Merli, Marco, and Bombelli, Michele
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- 2024
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20. Use of smartphone-based remote assessments of multiple sclerosis in Floodlight Open, a global, prospective, open-access study.
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Oh, Jiwon, Capezzuto, Luca, Kriara, Lito, Schjodt-Eriksen, Jens, van Beek, Johan, Bernasconi, Corrado, Montalban, Xavier, Butzkueven, Helmut, Kappos, Ludwig, Giovannoni, Gavin, Julian, Laura, Baker, Mike, Gossens, Christian, Lindemann, Michael, and Bove, Riley
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Humans ,Smartphone ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Prospective Studies ,Mobile Applications ,Affect - Abstract
Floodlight Open was a global, open-access, digital-only study designed to understand the drivers and barriers in deployment and use of a smartphone app in a naturalistic setting and broad study population of people with and without multiple sclerosis (MS). The study utilised the Floodlight Open app: a bring-your-own-device solution that remotely measures a users mood, cognition, hand motor function, and gait and postural stability via smartphone sensor-based tests requiring active user input (active tests). Levels of mobility of study participants (life-space measurement) were passively measured. Study data from these tests were made available via an open-access platform. Data from 1350 participants with self-declared MS and 1133 participants with self-declared non-MS from 17 countries across four continents were included in this report. Overall, MS participants provided active test data for a mean duration of 5.6 weeks or a mean duration of 19 non-consecutive days. This duration increased among MS participants who persisted beyond the first week to a mean of 10.3 weeks or 36.5 non-consecutive days. Passively collected life-space measurement data were generated by MS participants for a mean duration of 9.8 weeks or 50.6 non-consecutive days. This duration increased to 16.3 weeks/85.1 non-consecutive days among MS participants who persisted beyond the first week. Older age, self-declared MS disease status, and clinical supervision as part of concomitant clinical research were all significantly associated with higher persistence of the use of the Floodlight Open app. MS participants performed significantly worse than non-MS participants on four out of seven active tests. The findings from this multinational study inform future research to improve the dynamics of persistence of use of digital monitoring tools and further highlight challenges and opportunities in applying them to support MS clinical care.
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- 2024
21. The Frobenius--stable version of the Grauert--Riemenschneider vanishing theorem fails
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Baudin, Jefferson, Bernasconi, Fabio, and Kawakami, Tatsuro
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Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry - Abstract
We show that the Frobenius--stable version of the Grauert--Riemenschneider vanishing theorem fails for terminal 3-folds in characteristic $p \in \left\{2, 3, 5\right\}$. To prove this, we introduce the notion of $\mathbb{F}_p$-rationality for singularities in positive characteristic and we show that klt singularities in dimension at most 4 are $\mathbb{F}_p$-rational., Comment: 24 pages, updated version
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- 2023
22. Towards a Transportable Causal Network Model Based on Observational Healthcare Data
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Bernasconi, Alice, Zanga, Alessio, Lucas, Peter J. F., Scutari, Marco, and Stella, Fabio
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Statistics - Methodology - Abstract
Over the last decades, many prognostic models based on artificial intelligence techniques have been used to provide detailed predictions in healthcare. Unfortunately, the real-world observational data used to train and validate these models are almost always affected by biases that can strongly impact the outcomes validity: two examples are values missing not-at-random and selection bias. Addressing them is a key element in achieving transportability and in studying the causal relationships that are critical in clinical decision making, going beyond simpler statistical approaches based on probabilistic association. In this context, we propose a novel approach that combines selection diagrams, missingness graphs, causal discovery and prior knowledge into a single graphical model to estimate the cardiovascular risk of adolescent and young females who survived breast cancer. We learn this model from data comprising two different cohorts of patients. The resulting causal network model is validated by expert clinicians in terms of risk assessment, accuracy and explainability, and provides a prognostic model that outperforms competing machine learning methods.
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- 2023
23. No-Regret Learning in Bilateral Trade via Global Budget Balance
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, Celli, Andrea, and Fusco, Federico
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Bilateral trade models the problem of intermediating between two rational agents -- a seller and a buyer -- both characterized by a private valuation for an item they want to trade. We study the online learning version of the problem, in which at each time step a new seller and buyer arrive and the learner has to set prices for them without any knowledge about their (adversarially generated) valuations. In this setting, known impossibility results rule out the existence of no-regret algorithms when budget balanced has to be enforced at each time step. In this paper, we introduce the notion of \emph{global budget balance}, which only requires the learner to fulfill budget balance over the entire time horizon. Under this natural relaxation, we provide the first no-regret algorithms for adversarial bilateral trade under various feedback models. First, we show that in the full-feedback model, the learner can guarantee $\tilde O(\sqrt{T})$ regret against the best fixed prices in hindsight, and that this bound is optimal up to poly-logarithmic terms. Second, we provide a learning algorithm guaranteeing a $\tilde O(T^{3/4})$ regret upper bound with one-bit feedback, which we complement with a $\Omega(T^{5/7})$ lower bound that holds even in the two-bit feedback model. Finally, we introduce and analyze an alternative benchmark that is provably stronger than the best fixed prices in hindsight and is inspired by the literature on bandits with knapsacks., Comment: Accepted at STOC 2024
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- 2023
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24. Scaling slowly rotating asteroids by stellar occultations
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Marciniak, A., Ďurech, J., Choukroun, A., Hanuš, J., Ogłoza, W., Szakáts, R., Molnár, L., Pál, A., Monteiro, F., Frappa, E., Beisker, W., Pavlov, H., Moore, J., Adomavičienė, R., Aikawa, R., Andersson, S., Antonini, P., Argentin, Y., Asai, A., Assoignon, P., Barton, J., Baruffetti, P., Bath, K. L., Behrend, R., Benedyktowicz, L., Bernasconi, L., Biguet, G., Billiani, M., Błażewicz, D., Boninsegna, R., Borkowski, M., Bosch, J., Brazill, S., Bronikowska, M., Bruno, A., Bąk, M. Butkiewicz, Caron, J., Casalnuovo, G., Castellani, J. J., Ceravolo, P., Conjat, M., Delincak, P., Delpau, J., Demeautis, C., Demirkol, A., Dróżdż, M., Duffard, R., Durandet, C., Eisfeldt, D., Evangelista, M., Fauvaud, S., Fauvaud, M., Ferrais, M., Filipek, M., Fini, P., Fukui, K., Gährken, B., Geier, S., George, T., Goffin, B., Golonka, J., Goto, T., Grice, J., Guhl, K., Halíř, K., Hanna, W., Harman, M., Hashimoto, A., Hasubick, W., Higgins, D., Higuchi, M., Hirose, T., Hirsch, R., Hofschulz, O., Horaguchi, T., Horbowicz, J., Ida, M., Ignácz, B., Ishida, M., Isobe, K., Jehin, E., Joachimczyk, B., Jones, A., Juan, J., Kamiński, K., Kamińska, M. K., Kankiewicz, P., Kasebe, H., Kattentidt, B., Kim, D. -H., Kim, M. -J., Kitazaki, K., Klotz, A., Komraus, M., Konstanciak, I., Tóth, R. Könyves, Kouno, K., Kowald, E., Krajewski, J., Krannich, G., Kreutzer, A., Kryszczyńska, A., Kubánek, J., Kudak, V., Kugel, F., Kukita, R., Kulczak, P., Lazzaro, D., Licandro, J., Livet, F., Maley, P., Manago, N., Mánek, J., Manna, A., Matsushita, H., Meister, S., Mesquita, W., Messner, S., Michelet, J., Michimani, J., Mieczkowska, I., Morales, N., Motyliński, M., Murawiecka, M., Newman, J., Nikitin, V., Nishimura, M., Oey, J., Oszkiewicz, D., Owada, M., Pakštienė, E., Pawłowski, M., Pereira, W., Perig, V., Perła, J., Pilcher, F., Podlewska-Gaca, E., Polák, J., Polakis, T., Polińska, M., Popowicz, A., Richard, F., Rives, J. J., Rodrigues, T., Rogiński, Ł., Rondón, E., Rottenborn, M., Schäfer, R., Schnabel, C., Schreurs, O., Selva, A., Simon, M., Skiff, B., Skrutskie, M., Skrzypek, J., Sobkowiak, K., Sonbas, E., Sposetti, S., Stuart, P., Szyszka, K., Terakubo, K., Thomas, W., Trela, P., Uchiyama, S., Urbanik, M., Vaudescal, G., Venable, R., Watanabe, Ha., Watanabe, Hi., Winiarski, M., Wróblewski, R., Yamamura, H., Yamashita, M., Yoshihara, H., Zawilski, M., Zelený, P., Żejmo, M., Żukowski, K., and Żywica, S.
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Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
As evidenced by recent survey results, majority of asteroids are slow rotators (P>12 h), but lack spin and shape models due to selection bias. This bias is skewing our overall understanding of the spins, shapes, and sizes of asteroids, as well as of their other properties. Also, diameter determinations for large (>60km) and medium-sized asteroids (between 30 and 60 km) often vary by over 30% for multiple reasons. Our long-term project is focused on a few tens of slow rotators with periods of up to 60 hours. We aim to obtain their full light curves and reconstruct their spins and shapes. We also precisely scale the models, typically with an accuracy of a few percent. We used wide sets of dense light curves for spin and shape reconstructions via light-curve inversion. Precisely scaling them with thermal data was not possible here because of poor infrared data: large bodies are too bright for WISE mission. Therefore, we recently launched a campaign among stellar occultation observers, to scale these models and to verify the shape solutions, often allowing us to break the mirror pole ambiguity. The presented scheme resulted in shape models for 16 slow rotators, most of them for the first time. Fitting them to stellar occultations resolved previous inconsistencies in size determinations. For around half of the targets, this fitting also allowed us to identify a clearly preferred pole solution, thus removing the ambiguity inherent to light-curve inversion. We also address the influence of the uncertainty of the shape models on the derived diameters. Overall, our project has already provided reliable models for around 50 slow rotators. Such well-determined and scaled asteroid shapes will, e.g. constitute a solid basis for density determinations when coupled with mass information. Spin and shape models continue to fill the gaps caused by various biases., Comment: Accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysics. 12 pages + appendices
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- 2023
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25. Optical readout of a superconducting qubit using a scalable piezo-optomechanical transducer
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van Thiel, T. C., Weaver, M. J., Berto, F., Duivestein, P., Lemang, M., Schuurman, K. L., Žemlička, M., Hijazi, F., Bernasconi, A. C., Ferrer, C., Lachman, E., Field, M., Mohan, Y., de Vries, F. K., Bultink, C. C., van Oven, J., Mutus, J. Y., Stockill, R., and Gröblacher, S.
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Superconducting quantum processors have made significant progress in size and computing potential. As a result, the practical cryogenic limitations of operating large numbers of superconducting qubits are becoming a bottleneck for further scaling. Due to the low thermal conductivity and the dense optical multiplexing capacity of telecommunications fiber, converting qubit signal processing to the optical domain using microwave-to-optics transduction would significantly relax the strain on cryogenic space and thermal budgets. Here, we demonstrate optical readout through an optical fiber of a superconducting transmon qubit connected via a coaxial cable to a fully integrated piezo-optomechanical transducer. Using a demolition readout technique, we achieve a single shot readout fidelity of 81%. Due to the small footprint (<0.15mm$^2$) and the modular fiber-based architecture, this device platform has the potential to scale towards use with thousands of qubits. Our results illustrate the potential of piezo-optomechanical transduction for low-dissipation operation of large quantum processors.
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- 2023
26. Searching COVID-19 Clinical Research Using Graph Queries: Algorithm Development and Validation
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Invernici, Francesco, Bernasconi, Anna, and Ceri, Stefano
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Computer Science - Information Retrieval ,Computer Science - Digital Libraries - Abstract
Objective: This study aims to consider small graphs of concepts and exploit them for expressing graph searches over existing COVID-19-related literature, leveraging the increasing use of graphs to represent and query scientific knowledge and providing a user-friendly search and exploration experience. Methods: We considered the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset corpus and summarized its content by annotating the publications' abstracts using terms selected from the UMLS and the Ontology of Coronavirus Infectious Disease. Then, we built a co-occurrence network that includes all relevant concepts mentioned in the corpus, establishing connections when their mutual information is relevant. A sophisticated graph query engine was built to allow the identification of the best matches of graph queries on the network. It also supports partial matches and suggests potential query completions using shortest paths. Results: We built a large co-occurrence network, consisting of 128,249 entities and 47,198,965 relationships; the GRAPH-SEARCH interface allows users to explore the network by formulating or adapting graph queries; it produces a bibliography of publications, which are globally ranked; and each publication is further associated with the specific parts of the query that it explains, thereby allowing the user to understand each aspect of the matching. Conclusions: Our approach supports the process of query formulation and evidence search upon a large text corpus; it can be reapplied to any scientific domain where documents corpora and curated ontologies are made available., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures
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- 2023
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27. Exploring the evolution of research topics during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Invernici, Francesco, Bernasconi, Anna, and Ceri, Stefano
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Social and Information Networks - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the research agendas of most scientific communities, resulting in an overwhelming production of research articles in a variety of domains, including medicine, virology, epidemiology, economy, psychology, and so on. Several open-access corpora and literature hubs were established; among them, the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19) has systematically gathered scientific contributions for 2.5 years, by collecting and indexing over one million articles. Here, we present the CORD-19 Topic Visualizer (CORToViz), a method and associated visualization tool for inspecting the CORD-19 textual corpus of scientific abstracts. Our method is based upon a careful selection of up-to-date technologies (including large language models), resulting in an architecture for clustering articles along orthogonal dimensions and extraction techniques for temporal topic mining. Topic inspection is supported by an interactive dashboard, providing fast, one-click visualization of topic contents as word clouds and topic trends as time series, equipped with easy-to-drive statistical testing for analyzing the significance of topic emergence along arbitrarily selected time windows. The processes of data preparation and results visualization are completely general and virtually applicable to any corpus of textual documents - thus suited for effective adaptation to other contexts., Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
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- 2023
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28. Parallel experiments in electrochemical CO2 reduction enabled by standardized analytics
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Senocrate, Alessandro, Bernasconi, Francesco, Kraus, Peter, Plainpan, Nukorn, Trafkowski, Jens, Tolle, Fabian, Weber, Thomas, Sauter, Ulrich, and Battaglia, Corsin
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- 2024
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29. Anthropogenic Eutrophication Drives Major Food Web Changes in Mwanza Gulf, Lake Victoria
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King, Leighton, Wienhues, Giulia, Misra, Pavani, Tylmann, Wojciech, Lami, Andrea, Bernasconi, Stefano M., Jaggi, Madalina, Courtney-Mustaphi, Colin, Muschick, Moritz, Ngoepe, Nare, Mwaiko, Salome, Kishe, Mary A., Cohen, Andrew, Heiri, Oliver, Seehausen, Ole, Vogel, Hendrik, Grosjean, Martin, and Matthews, Blake
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- 2024
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30. Predicting the Risk of Morbidity by GLIM-Based Nutritional Assessment and Body Composition Analysis in Oncologic Abdominal Surgery in the Context of Enhanced Recovery Programs: The PHase Angle Value in Abdominal Surgery (PHAVAS) Study
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Sandini, Marta, Gianotti, Luca, Paiella, Salvatore, Bernasconi, Davide P., Roccamatisi, Linda, Famularo, Simone, Donadon, Matteo, Di Lucca, Gabriele, Cereda, Marco, Baccalini, Edoardo, Capretti, Giovanni, Nappo, Gennaro, Casirati, Amanda, Braga, Marco, Zerbi, Alessandro, Torzilli, Guido, Bassi, Claudio, Salvia, Roberto, Cereda, Emanuele, and Caccialanza, Riccardo
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- 2024
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31. Counterexamples to the MMP for 1-foliations in positive characteristic
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Bernasconi, Fabio
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- 2024
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32. Acute Aseptic Meningitis Temporally Associated with Intravenous Polyclonal Immunoglobulin Therapy: A Systematic Review
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De Felice, Elisabetta L.T., Toti, Gabriel F., Gatti, Beatrice, Gualtieri, Renato, Camozzi , Pietro, Lava, Sebastiano A.G., Milani, Gregorio P., Treglia, Giorgio, Vanoni, Federica, Bianchetti, Mario G., Bernasconi, Gianmaria F., Terziroli Beretta Piccoli, Benedetta, and Lavagno, Camilla
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- 2024
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33. Home range and resource selection of Virginia opossums in the rural southeastern United States
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Hill, Jacob E., Bernasconi, David A., Chipman, Richard B., Gilbert, Amy T., Beasley, James C., Rhodes, Jr, Olin E., and Dharmarajan, Guha
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- 2024
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34. The Flt3-inhibitor quizartinib augments apoptosis and promotes maladaptive remodeling after myocardial infarction in mice
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Monogiou Belik, Daria, Bernasconi, Riccardo, Xu, Lifen, Della Verde, Giacomo, Lorenz, Vera, Grüterich, Vivienne, Balzarolo, Melania, Mochizuki, Michika, Pfister, Otmar, and Kuster, Gabriela M.
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- 2024
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35. HighNESS Conceptual Design Report: Volume I
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Santoro, V., Kheir, O. Abou El, Acharya, D., Akhyani, M., Andersen, K. H., Barrow, J., Bentley, P., Bernasconi, M., Bertelsen, M., Bessler, Y., Bianchi, A., Brooijmans, G., Broussard, L., Brys, T., Busi, M., Campi, D., Chambon, A., Chen, J., Czamler, V., Deen, P., DiJulio, D. D., Dian, E., Draskovits, L., Dunne, K., Barbari, M. El, Ferreira, M. J., Fierlinger, P., Fröst, V. T., Folsom, B. T., Friman-Gayer, U., Gaye, A., Gorini, G., Gustafsson, A., Gutberlet, T., Happe, C., Han, X., Hartl, M., Holl, M., Jackson, A., Kemp, E., Kamyshkov, Y., Kittelmann, T., Klinkby, E. B., Kolevatov, R., Laporte, S. I., Lauritzen, B., Lejon, W., Linander, R., Lindroos, M., Marko, M., Damián, J. I. Márquez, McClanahan, T. C., Meirose, B., Mezei, F., Michel, K., Milstead, D., Muhrer, G., Nepomuceno, A., Neshvizhevsky, V., Nilsson, T., Odén, U., Plivelic, T., Ramic, K., Rataj, B., Remec, I., Rizzi, N., Rogers, J., Rosenthal, E., Rosta, L., Rücker, U., Samothrakitis, S., Schreyer, A., Selknaes, J. R., Shuai, H., Silverstein, S., Snow, W. M., Strobl, M., Strothmann, M., Takibayev, A., Wagner, R., Willendrup, P., Xu, S., Yiu, S. C., Yngwe, L., Young, A. R., Wolke, M., Zakalek, P., Zavorka, L., Zanini, L., and Zimmer, O.
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is a multidisciplinary international laboratory. Once completed to full specifications, it will operate the world's most powerful pulsed neutron source. Supported by a 3 million Euro Research and Innovation Action within the EU Horizon 2020 program, a design study (HighNESS) has been completed to develop a second neutron source located below the spallation target. Compared to the first source, designed for high cold and thermal brightness, the new source has been optimized to deliver higher intensity, and a shift to longer wavelengths in the spectral regions of cold (CN, 2--20\,\AA), very cold (VCN, 10--120\,\AA), and ultracold (UCN, ${>}\,{500}$\,\AA) neutrons. The second source comprises a large liquid deuterium moderator designed to produce CN and support secondary VCN and UCN sources. Various options have been explored in the proposed designs, aiming for world-leading performance in neutronics. These designs will enable the development of several new instrument concepts and facilitate the implementation of a high-sensitivity neutron-antineutron oscillation experiment (NNBAR). This document serves as the Conceptual Design Report for the HighNESS project, representing its final deliverable., Comment: 269 pages, 255 figures. Volume I of the final deliverable of the HighNESS Project (HORIZON 2020 grant agreement ID: 951782)
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- 2023
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36. Counterexamples to the MMP for 1-foliations in positive characteristic
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Bernasconi, Fabio
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Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry - Abstract
We show that many statements of the Minimal Model Program, including the cone theorem, the base point free theorem and the existence of Mori fibre spaces, fail for 1-foliated surface pairs $(X,\mathcal{F})$ with canonical singularities in characteristic $p>0$., Comment: 9 pages, minor corrections. To appear in the Edge volume at Ann. Univ. Ferrara
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- 2023
37. Rational points on 3-folds with nef anti-canonical class over finite fields
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Bernasconi, Fabio and Filipazzi, Stefano
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Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry - Abstract
We prove that a geometrically integral smooth 3-fold $X$ with nef anti-canonical class and negative Kodaira dimension over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ of characteristic $p>5$ and cardinality $q=p^e > 19$ has a rational point. Additionally, under the same assumptions on $p$ and $q$, we show that a 3-fold $X$ with trivial canonical class and non-zero first Betti number $b_1(X) \neq 0$ has a rational point. Our techniques rely on the Minimal Model Program to establish several structure results for generalized log Calabi--Yau 3-fold pairs over perfect fields., Comment: 27 pages, comments are welcome
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- 2023
38. The World Literature Knowledge Graph
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Stranisci, Marco Antonio, Bernasconi, Eleonora, Patti, Viviana, Ferilli, Stefano, Ceriani, Miguel, and Damiano, Rossana
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Computer Science - Digital Libraries ,Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
Digital media have enabled the access to unprecedented literary knowledge. Authors, readers, and scholars are now able to discover and share an increasing amount of information about books and their authors. However, these sources of knowledge are fragmented and do not adequately represent non-Western writers and their works. In this paper we present The World Literature Knowledge Graph, a semantic resource containing 194,346 writers and 965,210 works, specifically designed for exploring facts about literary works and authors from different parts of the world. The knowledge graph integrates information about the reception of literary works gathered from 3 different communities of readers, aligned according to a single semantic model. The resource is accessible through an online visualization platform, which can be found at the following URL: https://literaturegraph.di.unito.it/. This platform has been rigorously tested and validated by $3$ distinct categories of experts who have found it to be highly beneficial for their respective work domains. These categories include teachers, researchers in the humanities, and professionals in the publishing industry. The feedback received from these experts confirms that they can effectively utilize the platform to enhance their work processes and achieve valuable outcomes.
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- 2023
39. PG-Triggers: Triggers for Property Graphs
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Ceri, Stefano, Bernasconi, Anna, Gagliardi, Alessia, Martinenghi, Davide, Bellomarini, Luigi, and Magnanimi, Davide
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Computer Science - Databases ,cs.DB - Abstract
Graph databases are emerging as the leading data management technology for storing large knowledge graphs; significant efforts are ongoing to produce new standards (such as the Graph Query Language, GQL), as well as enrich them with properties, types, schemas, and keys. In this article, we introduce PG-Triggers, a complete proposal for adding triggers to Property Graphs, along the direction marked by the SQL3 Standard. We define the syntax and semantics of PG-Triggers and then illustrate how they can be implemented on top of Neo4j, one of the most popular graph databases. In particular, we introduce a syntax-directed translation from PG-Triggers into Neo4j, which makes use of the so-called {\it APOC triggers}; APOC is a community-contributed library for augmenting the Cypher query language supported by Neo4j. We also cover Memgraph, and show that our approach applies to this system in a similar way. We illustrate the use of PG-Triggers through a life science application inspired by the COVID-19 pandemic. The main objective of this article is to introduce an active database standard for graph databases as a first-class citizen at a time when reactive graph management is in its infancy, so as to minimize the conversion efforts towards a full-fledged standard proposal., Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
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- 2023
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40. Cancer Prevalence in Children with Inborn Errors of Immunity: Report from a Single Institution
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Mitchell, María Raquel, Urdinez, Luciano, Bernasconi, Andrea R., Danielian, Silvia, Katsikas, María Martha, Sajaroff, Elisa O., Roffé, Georgina, Villa, Nélida M., Galluzzo, Laura, Sanz, Marianela, Palma, Alejandro M., Bouso, Carolina, Prieto, Emma, Goris, Verónica, Yancoski, Judith, Rosenzweig, Sergio D., Oleastro, Matías, Rosé, Adriana, Cacciavillano, Walter, Felizzia, Guido, Guitter, Myriam, Sánchez La Rosa, Cristian, Ríos, Mailén, Zubizarreta, Pedro, Felice, María Sara, and Rossi, Jorge G.
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- 2024
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41. In-situ experiment reveals CO2 enriched fluid migration in faulted caprock.
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Weber, Ulrich, Rinaldi, Antonio, Roques, Clément, Wenning, Quinn, Bernasconi, Stefano, Brennwald, Matthias, Jaggi, Madalina, Nussbaum, Christophe, Schefer, Senecio, Mazzotti, Marco, Wiemer, Stefan, Giardini, Domenico, Zappone, Alba, and Kipfer, Rolf
- Abstract
The sealing characteristics of the geological formation located above a CO2 storage reservoir, the so-called caprock, are essential to ensure efficient geological carbon storage. If CO2 were to leak through the caprock, temporal changes in fluid geochemistry can reveal fundamental information on migration mechanisms and induced fluid-rock interactions. Here, we present the results from a unique in-situ injection experiment, where CO2-enriched fluid was continuously injected in a faulted caprock analogue. Our results show that the CO2 migration follows complex pathways within the fault structure. The joint analysis of noble gases, ion concentrations and carbon isotopes allow us to quantify mixing between injected CO2-enriched fluid and resident formation water and to describe the temporal evolution of water-rock interaction processes. The results presented here are a crucial complement to the geophysical monitoring at the fracture scale highlighting a unique migration of CO2 in fault zones.
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- 2023
42. Information and Communication Technology to Enhance the Implementation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- Author
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Andrea Bernasconi, MD, MSc, Marco Landi, MSc, Clarence S. Yah, PhD, and Marianne A.B. van der Sande, PhD
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 - Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the implementation of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) and integrated Community Case Management (iCCM) through a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024517375). Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and gray literature from January 2010 to February 2024, focusing on IMCI/iCCM-related terms (Integrated Management of Childhood Illness, IMCI, integrated Community Case Management, iCCM) and excluding non-ICT interventions. A meta-analysis synthesized the effect of ICT on clinical assessment, disease classification, therapy, and antibiotic prescription through odds ratio (OR; 95% CI) employing a random effects model for significant heterogeneity (I2>50%) and conducting subgroup analyses. Results: Of 1005 initial studies, 44 were included, covering 8 interventions for IMCI, 7 for iCCM, and 2 for training. All digital interventions except 1 outperformed traditional paper-based methods. Pooling effect sizes from 16 studies found 5.7 OR for more complete clinical assessments (95% CI, 1.7-19.1; I2, 95%); 2.0 for improved disease classification accuracy (95% CI, 0.9-4.4; I2, 93%); 1.4 for more appropriate therapy (95% CI, 0.8-2.2; I2, 93%); and 0.2 for reduced antibiotic use (95% CI, 0.06-0.55; I2 99%). Conclusion: This review is the first to comprehensively quantify the effect of ICT on the implementation of IMCI/iCCM programs, confirming both the benefits and limitations of these technologies. The customization of digital tools for IMCI/iCCM can serve as a model for other health programs. As ICT increasingly supports the achievement of sustainable development goals, the effective digital interventions identified in this review can pave the way for future innovations.
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- 2024
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43. Busulfan-fludarabine versus busulfan-cyclophosphamide for allogeneic transplant in acute myeloid leukemia: long term analysis of GITMO AML-R2 trial
- Author
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Gianluca Cavallaro, Anna Grassi, Chiara Pavoni, Maria Caterina Micò, Alessandro Busca, Irene Maria Cavattoni, Stella Santarone, Carlo Borghero, Attilio Olivieri, Giuseppe Milone, Patrizia Chiusolo, Pellegrino Musto, Riccardo Saccardi, Francesca Patriarca, Fabrizio Pane, Giorgia Saporiti, Paolo Rivela, Elisabetta Terruzzi, Raffaella Cerretti, Giuseppe Marotta, Angelo Michele Carella, Arnon Nagler, Domenico Russo, Paolo Corradini, Paolo Bernasconi, Anna Paola Iori, Luca Castagna, Nicola Mordini, Elena Oldani, Carmen Di Grazia, Andrea Bacigalupo, and Alessandro Rambaldi
- Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract We report the long-term results of a randomized trial (GITMO, AML-R2), comparing 1:1 the combination of busulfan and cyclophosphamide (BuCy2, n = 125) and the combination of busulfan and fludarabine (BuFlu, n = 127) as conditioning regimen in acute myeloid leukemia patients (median age 51 years, range 40–65) undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. With a median follow-up of 6 years, significantly better non-relapse mortality (NRM) was confirmed in BuFlu recipients, which is sustained up to 4 years after transplant (10% vs. 20%, p = 0.0388). This difference was higher in patients older than 51 years (11% in BuFlu vs. 27% in BuCy2, p = 0.0262). The cumulative incidence of relapse, which was the first cause of death in the entire study population, did not differ between the two randomized arms. Similarly, the leukemia-free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) were not different in the two cohorts, even when stratifying patients per median age. Graft-and relapse-free survival (GRFS) in BuFlu arm vs. the BuCy2 arm was 25% vs. 20% at 4 years and 20% vs. 17% at 10 years. Hence, the benefit gained by NRM reduction is not offsets by an increased relapse. Leukemia relapse remains a major concern, urging the development of new therapeutic approaches.
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- 2024
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44. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for two-parts proximal humerus fractures with 'shish-kebab' technique
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Paolofrancesco Malfi, MD, Roberto de Giovanni, MD, Alessio Bernasconi, MD, Valentina Rossi, MD, Riccardo Grasso, MD, and Andrea Cozzolino, MD
- Subjects
Proximal humerus fracture ,Two parts fracture ,Surgical neck ,Reverse shoulder arthroplasty ,Tuberosity osteotomy ,Shishkebab ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Published
- 2024
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45. Standardized immunological assays for assessing COVID-19 vaccines by the CEPI-Centralized Laboratory Network
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Ali Azizi, Deborah Ogbeni, Gathoni Kamuyu, Lauren M. Schwartz, Carolyn Clark, Peter Spencer, and Valentina Bernasconi
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract The CEPI Centralized Laboratory Network implemented key steps in the transfer and monitoring of the developed immunological SARS-CoV-2 assays to ensure standardization across all the facilities of the network. This comprehensive evaluation reinforces the reliability of the generated data and establishes a solid foundation for a standardized approach, enabling precise inter-laboratory comparisons and contributing to the overall integrity of our network’s clinical results. Herein, we will provide a brief elaboration on the specific measures and procedures implemented to standardize the transfer of assays across our network.
- Published
- 2024
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46. Persuading Farsighted Receivers in MDPs: the Power of Honesty
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, Marchesi, Alberto, and Mutti, Mirco
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Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory - Abstract
Bayesian persuasion studies the problem faced by an informed sender who strategically discloses information to influence the behavior of an uninformed receiver. Recently, a growing attention has been devoted to settings where the sender and the receiver interact sequentially, in which the receiver's decision-making problem is usually modeled as a Markov decision process (MDP). However, previous works focused on computing optimal information-revelation policies (a.k.a. signaling schemes) under the restrictive assumption that the receiver acts myopically, selecting actions to maximize the one-step utility and disregarding future rewards. This is justified by the fact that, when the receiver is farsighted and thus considers future rewards, finding an optimal Markovian signaling scheme is NP-hard. In this paper, we show that Markovian signaling schemes do not constitute the "right" class of policies. Indeed, differently from most of the MDPs settings, we prove that Markovian signaling schemes are not optimal, and general history-dependent signaling schemes should be considered. Moreover, we also show that history-dependent signaling schemes circumvent the negative complexity results affecting Markovian signaling schemes. Formally, we design an algorithm that computes an optimal and {\epsilon}-persuasive history-dependent signaling scheme in time polynomial in 1/{\epsilon} and in the instance size. The crucial challenge is that general history-dependent signaling schemes cannot be represented in polynomial space. Nevertheless, we introduce a convenient subclass of history-dependent signaling schemes, called promise-form, which are as powerful as general history-dependent ones and efficiently representable. Intuitively, promise-form signaling schemes compactly encode histories in the form of honest promises on future receiver's rewards.
- Published
- 2023
47. Bandits with Replenishable Knapsacks: the Best of both Worlds
- Author
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Bernasconi, Martino, Castiglioni, Matteo, Celli, Andrea, and Fusco, Federico
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
The bandits with knapsack (BwK) framework models online decision-making problems in which an agent makes a sequence of decisions subject to resource consumption constraints. The traditional model assumes that each action consumes a non-negative amount of resources and the process ends when the initial budgets are fully depleted. We study a natural generalization of the BwK framework which allows non-monotonic resource utilization, i.e., resources can be replenished by a positive amount. We propose a best-of-both-worlds primal-dual template that can handle any online learning problem with replenishment for which a suitable primal regret minimizer exists. In particular, we provide the first positive results for the case of adversarial inputs by showing that our framework guarantees a constant competitive ratio $\alpha$ when $B=\Omega(T)$ or when the possible per-round replenishment is a positive constant. Moreover, under a stochastic input model, our algorithm yields an instance-independent $\tilde{O}(T^{1/2})$ regret bound which complements existing instance-dependent bounds for the same setting. Finally, we provide applications of our framework to some economic problems of practical relevance.
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- 2023
48. Bounding geometrically integral del Pezzo surfaces
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Bernasconi, Fabio and Martin, Gebhard
- Subjects
Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry - Abstract
We prove several boundedness statements for geometrically integral normal del Pezzo surfaces $X$ over arbitrary fields. We give an explicit sharp bound on the irregularity if $X$ is canonical or regular. In particular, we show that wild canonical del Pezzo surfaces exist only in characteristic 2. As an application, we deduce that canonical del Pezzo surfaces form a bounded family over $\mathbb{Z}$, generalising work of Tanaka. More generally, we prove the BAB conjecture on the boundedness of $\varepsilon$-klt del Pezzo surfaces over arbitrary fields of characteristic different from 2, 3, and 5., Comment: 26 pages, comments are welcome!
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- 2023
49. AI Art Curation: Re-imagining the city of Helsinki in occasion of its Biennial
- Author
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Schaerf, Ludovica, Ballesteros, Pepe, Bernasconi, Valentine, Neri, Iacopo, and del Castillo, Dario Negueruela
- Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Art curatorial practice is characterized by the presentation of an art collection in a knowledgeable way. Machine processes are characterized by their capacity to manage and analyze large amounts of data. This paper envisages AI curation and audience interaction to explore the implications of contemporary machine learning models for the curatorial world. This project was developed for the occasion of the 2023 Helsinki Art Biennial, entitled New Directions May Emerge. We use the Helsinki Art Museum (HAM) collection to re-imagine the city of Helsinki through the lens of machine perception. We use visual-textual models to place indoor artworks in public spaces, assigning fictional coordinates based on similarity scores. We transform the space that each artwork inhabits in the city by generating synthetic 360 art panoramas. We guide the generation estimating depth values from 360 panoramas at each artwork location, and machine-generated prompts of the artworks. The result of this project is an AI curation that places the artworks in their imagined physical space, blurring the lines of artwork, context, and machine perception. The work is virtually presented as a web-based installation on this link http://newlyformedcity.net/, where users can navigate an alternative version of the city while exploring and interacting with its cultural heritage at scale.
- Published
- 2023
50. The Impact of Missing Data on Causal Discovery: A Multicentric Clinical Study
- Author
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Zanga, Alessio, Bernasconi, Alice, Lucas, Peter J. F., Pijnenborg, Hanny, Reijnen, Casper, Scutari, Marco, and Stella, Fabio
- Subjects
Statistics - Methodology ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Causal inference for testing clinical hypotheses from observational data presents many difficulties because the underlying data-generating model and the associated causal graph are not usually available. Furthermore, observational data may contain missing values, which impact the recovery of the causal graph by causal discovery algorithms: a crucial issue often ignored in clinical studies. In this work, we use data from a multi-centric study on endometrial cancer to analyze the impact of different missingness mechanisms on the recovered causal graph. This is achieved by extending state-of-the-art causal discovery algorithms to exploit expert knowledge without sacrificing theoretical soundness. We validate the recovered graph with expert physicians, showing that our approach finds clinically-relevant solutions. Finally, we discuss the goodness of fit of our graph and its consistency from a clinical decision-making perspective using graphical separation to validate causal pathways.
- Published
- 2023
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